IGBOS KNEW DEATH IS BETTER THAN BONDAGE- The tragic yet resilient story of Igbo slaves who committed mass suicide off U.S. coast in 1803



The stories of slave resistance, many of us know, have to do with bloodshed, violence, and destruction. But there are other acts of resistance whose stories are worth being told.

Take that of ‘The Igbo Landing’ also called the Ibo Landing, Ebo Landing, or Ebos Landing.
The Igbo Landing is a historic site at Dunbar Creek on St. Simons Island, Glynn County, Georgia. It is the site of one of the largest mass suicides of enslaved people in history. Historians say Igbo captives from modern-day Nigeria, purchased for an average of $100 each by slave merchants John Couper and Thomas Spalding, arrived in Savannah, Georgia, on the slave ship the Wanderer in 1803.
The chained slaves were then reloaded and packed under the deck of a coastal vessel, the York, which would take them to St. Simons where they were to be resold. During the voyage, approximately 75 Igbo slaves rose in rebellion. They drowned their captors and caused the grounding of the ship in Dunbar Creek. The Igbo were known by planters and slave owners of the American South to be fiercely independent and more resistant to chattel slavery.

According to Professor Terri L. Snyder, “the enslaved cargo “suffered much by mismanagement,” “rose” from their confinement in the small vessel, and revolted against the crew, forcing them into the water where they drowned”. Led by their chief, the Africans then marched ashore, singing. At their chief’s direction, they walked into the marshy waters of Dunbar Creek, committing mass suicide.

Roswell King, a white overseer on a nearby plantation called Pierce Butler plantation, is the first to have recorded the incident. He and another man identified only as Captain Patterson recovered thirteen bodies. The others remained missing, and some are believed to have survived the suicide episode.

For centuries, some historians have cast doubt on the event, suggesting that the entire incident was more folklore than fact. But a post-1980 research verified the accounts Roswell King and others provided at the time using “modern scientific techniques to reconstruct the episode and confirm the factual basis of the longstanding oral accounts”.

The site was designated as a holy ground by the St. Simons African American community in September 2012. The Igbo Landing is also now a part of the curriculum for coastal Georgia schools.

The Igbo Landing has come to occupy great symbolic importance in local African American folklore. The mutiny and subsequent suicide by the Igbo people have been called the first freedom march in the history of the United States and local people claim that the Landing and surrounding marshes in Dunbar Creek were haunted by the souls of the dead Igbo slaves.

There are myths of “the water walking Africans”: “Heard about the Ibo’s Landing? That’s the place where they bring the Ibos over in a slave ship and when they get here, they ain’t like it and so they all start singing and they march right down in the river to march back to Africa, but they ain’t able to get there. They gets drown,” one Floyd White, an elderly African-American interviewed by the Federal Writers Project in the 1930s, said.

There is also the “myth of the Flying Africans” where people report that the Igbos flew to Africa. Wallace Quarterman, an African-American born in 1844 who was interviewed in 1930 about the Igbo Landing said, “Ain’t you heard about them? Well, at that time Mr. Blue he was the overseer and . . . Mr. Blue he go down one morning with a long whip for to whip them good. . . . Anyway, he whipped them good and they got together and stuck that hoe in the field and then . . . rose up in the sky and turned themselves into buzzards and flew right back to Africa. . . . Everybody knows about them”.

So powerful is this story of resistance that it is often referred to in African American literature. Writer Alex Haley recounts it in his high acclaimed book, Roots, and it was the basis for Nobel laureate, Toni Morrison’s, novel, Song of Solomon. Visual artists have also paid tribute to the Igbos who endured this event. Below is Jamaican artist, Donovan Nelson’s illustrations paying tribute to the event. They are on display at the Valentine Museum of Art.
Contemporary artists like Beyonce have also depicted and paid homage to the Igbo Landing in their work. In the recent wildly acclaimed Marvel comic film, Black Panther, Killmonger, played by actor Michael B Jordan, refers to this event, saying, “Bury me in the ocean with my ancestors who jumped from ships, ’cause they knew death was better than bondage”.

BEFORE YOU SURRENDER YOUR GUNS TO THE POLICE OR TO THE MILITARY AS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT UNDER MUHAMMAD BUHARI IS DEMANDING NIGERIANS ESPECIALLY THOSE FROM SOUTHERN NIGERIA, CAREFULLY CONSIDER THIS!

A LITTLE GUN HISTORY
In 1929, the Soviet Union established gun control. From 1929 to 1953, about 20 million dissidents, unable to defend themselves, were rounded up and exterminated.
In 1911, Turkey established gun control. From 1915 to 1917, 1.5 million Armenians, unable to defend themselves, were rounded up and exterminated.
Germany established gun control in 1938 and from 1939 to 1945, a total of 13 million Jews and others who were unable to defend themselves were rounded up and exterminated.
China established gun control in 1935. From 1948 to 1952, 20 million political dissidents, unable to defend themselves were rounded up and exterminated.
Guatemala established gun control in 1964. From 1964 to 1981, 100,000 Mayan Indians, unable to defend themselves, were rounded up and exterminated.
Uganda established gun control in 1970. From 1971 to 1979, 300,000 Christians, unable to defend themselves, were rounded up and exterminated.
Cambodia established gun control in 1956. From 1975 to 1977, one million educated people, unable to defend themselves, were rounded up and exterminated.
56 million defenseless people rounded up and exterminated in the 20th Century because of gun control:
You won't see this data on the US evening news, or hear politicians disseminating this information.
Guns in the hands of honest citizens save lives and property and, yes, gun-control laws adversely affect only the law-abiding citizens.

The BUHARI Fulani dominated security council want your self defense destroyed, empower their kinsmen to come in and take over your lands, colonize it and impose Islam and Emirates in your towns and villages!

Take note my fellow Nigerians, before it's too late!
The next time someone talks in favor of gun control, please remind them of this history lesson.
With guns, we are "citizens". Without them, we are "subjects".
During WWII the Japanese decided not to invade America because they knew most Americans were ARMED!

If you value your freedom, please spread this antigun-control message to all of your friends.
SWITZERLAND ISSUES EVERY HOUSEHOLD A GUN!
SWITZERLAND'S GOVERNMENT TRAINS EVERY ADULT THEY ISSUE A RIFLE.
SWITZERLAND HAS THE LOWEST GUN RELATED CRIME RATE OF ANY CIVILIZED COUNTRY IN THE WORLD!!!
IT'S A NO BRAINER!
DON'T LET OUR GOVERNMENT WASTE MILLIONS OF OUR TAX DOLLARS IN AN EFFORT TO MAKE ALL LAW ABIDING CITIZENS AN EASY TARGET.
Spread the word everywhere you can that you are a firm believer in self-defense!

It's time to speak loud before they try to silence and disarm us.
You're not imagining it, history shows that governments always manipulate tragedies to attempt to disarm the people.

They went from house to house in Benue state, moping up guns from the locals, three days later, the herdsmen came in and slaughtered hundreds burnt down their houses and farm products without any resistance.

Nigerians, think! that command to surrender your guns ( if you have any ) will leave you defenceless when the time comes and the military and the police won't be around to protect you!
Why are they not mopping up weapons from the North especially Muslim populated States? Yet they possess more weapons and AK4s than any other region in this country and they roam around with it killing people at their will!

Look at how innocent citizens of this country is been killed on daily bases, effortlessly, by the Fulani herdsmen and nothing is been done about it! Your family, village or town might be next!

This is another JIHAD WAR GOING ON RIGHT HERE IN NIGERIA. ARM YOURSELF! BE SAFE. BE WISE. DON'T LET SOMEONE WASTE YOUR LIFE FOR HIS OWN COURSE!

Share this post to raise awareness of the impending danger ahead under this government.

Listen to me, there is a well organized ethnic cleansing and genocide going on in this nation that you cannot fold your hands and deny it.

IS THIS A HATE SPEECH? GO ASK BENUE, PLATEAU, TARABA, KOGI, ETC STATES PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN KILLED IN THEIR NUMBERS BY FULANI HERDSMEN!

BEFORE YOU SURRENDER YOUR GUNS TO THE POLICE OR TO THE MILITARY AS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT UNDER MUHAMMAD BUHARI IS DEMANDING NIGERIANS ESPECIALLY THOSE FROM SOUTHERN NIGERIA, CAREFULLY CONSIDER THIS!

A LITTLE GUN HISTORY
In 1929, the Soviet Union established gun control. From 1929 to 1953, about 20 million dissidents, unable to defend themselves, were rounded up and exterminated.
In 1911, Turkey established gun control. From 1915 to 1917, 1.5 million Armenians, unable to defend themselves, were rounded up and exterminated.
Germany established gun control in 1938 and from 1939 to 1945, a total of 13 million Jews and others who were unable to defend themselves were rounded up and exterminated.
China established gun control in 1935. From 1948 to 1952, 20 million political dissidents, unable to defend themselves were rounded up and exterminated.
Guatemala established gun control in 1964. From 1964 to 1981, 100,000 Mayan Indians, unable to defend themselves, were rounded up and exterminated.
Uganda established gun control in 1970. From 1971 to 1979, 300,000 Christians, unable to defend themselves, were rounded up and exterminated.
Cambodia established gun control in 1956. From 1975 to 1977, one million educated people, unable to defend themselves, were rounded up and exterminated.
56 million defenseless people rounded up and exterminated in the 20th Century because of gun control:
You won't see this data on the US evening news, or hear politicians disseminating this information.
Guns in the hands of honest citizens save lives and property and, yes, gun-control laws adversely affect only the law-abiding citizens.

The BUHARI Fulani dominated security council want your self defense destroyed, empower their kinsmen to come in and take over your lands, colonize it and impose Islam and Emirates in your towns and villages!

Take note my fellow Nigerians, before it's too late!
The next time someone talks in favor of gun control, please remind them of this history lesson.
With guns, we are "citizens". Without them, we are "subjects".
During WWII the Japanese decided not to invade America because they knew most Americans were ARMED!

If you value your freedom, please spread this antigun-control message to all of your friends.
SWITZERLAND ISSUES EVERY HOUSEHOLD A GUN!
SWITZERLAND'S GOVERNMENT TRAINS EVERY ADULT THEY ISSUE A RIFLE.
SWITZERLAND HAS THE LOWEST GUN RELATED CRIME RATE OF ANY CIVILIZED COUNTRY IN THE WORLD!!!
IT'S A NO BRAINER!
DON'T LET OUR GOVERNMENT WASTE MILLIONS OF OUR TAX DOLLARS IN AN EFFORT TO MAKE ALL LAW ABIDING CITIZENS AN EASY TARGET.
Spread the word everywhere you can that you are a firm believer in self-defense!

It's time to speak loud before they try to silence and disarm us.
You're not imagining it, history shows that governments always manipulate tragedies to attempt to disarm the people.

They went from house to house in Benue state, moping up guns from the locals, three days later, the herdsmen came in and slaughtered hundreds burnt down their houses and farm products without any resistance.

Nigerians, think! that command to surrender your guns ( if you have any ) will leave you defenceless when the time comes and the military and the police won't be around to protect you!
Why are they not mopping up weapons from the North especially Muslim populated States? Yet they possess more weapons and AK4s than any other region in this country and they roam around with it killing people at their will!

Look at how innocent citizens of this country is been killed on daily bases, effortlessly, by the Fulani herdsmen and nothing is been done about it! Your family, village or town might be next!

This is another JIHAD WAR GOING ON RIGHT HERE IN NIGERIA. ARM YOURSELF! BE SAFE. BE WISE. DON'T LET SOMEONE WASTE YOUR LIFE FOR HIS OWN COURSE!

Share this post to raise awareness of the impending danger ahead under this government.

Listen to me, there is a well organized ethnic cleansing and genocide going on in this nation that you cannot fold your hands and deny it.

IS THIS A HATE SPEECH? GO ASK BENUE, PLATEAU, TARABA, KOGI, ETC STATES PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN KILLED IN THEIR NUMBERS BY FULANI HERDSMEN!

They cant even rent a befitting venue for the declaration. Biko buru ubiam APC puo na Enugu State. No come infect is with APC poverty.

Nigeria and Kangaroos justice are like 5&6 . That Malam army of AGF have to resign, he kept ridiculing the country.

So more than half of the population are poor!

Nigerian Army and extrajudicial killings is like 5&6. So they are afraid of juju?

Benue people are the dumbest people ever. The more they are oppressed the more they become loyal to their oppressors. A typical Tiv, Idoma and Igede persons prefers their generations to be wiped out by fulanis than have anything to do with the Igbos. The Fulanis will kill them and nothing will happen. By 2019, they will still vote in another gambari. Their memory capacity is 1 mb. Fools fight back as men!

Benue people are the dumbest people ever. The more they are oppressed the more they become loyal to their oppressors. A typical Tiv, Idoma and Igede persons prefers their generations to be wiped out by fulanis than have anything to do with the Igbos. The Fulanis will kill them and nothing will happen. By 2019, they will still vote in another gambari. Their memory capacity is 1 mb. Fools fight back as men!

The foundation is faulty. No country can move forward with this level of hatred and distrust in each other. Just like USSR, Nigeria will collapse irretrievably. Its a matter of time. It will happen without bullet. Every successive government have been driving nails of death on the country, by their underdevelopment and selfish regional centredness policy. We are never one, we are still not one and can never be one. Even those preaching oneness knew they are lying.

Drama nation

What happened to APC campaign promise to revive the 4 refineries. What about modular refineries in the Niger Delta. Stealing of money through fuel subsidy has just shifted gear. Money is needed for 2019 elections to buy votes.

Women making themselves object of fun for men since 1800

So all these your Mungo Park Epistle is to canvass for vote for Eze Mmuo... Biko gbapu ebea ...

Impunity + Insanity = Vanity

Na magic wand dem wan take do am.

APC rewriting Onto State script in Anambra.

OneHead:
BREAKING! Court Ruling Stops Obiano Campaign

A Federal High Court Abuja has delivered a ruling to serve Governor Willie Obiano of Anambra state through substituted means in a prayer to ask him to stop parading himself as the governorship candidate for the All Progressive Grand Alliance in November 18th gubernatorial election.

Several other prayers were equally granted, See Today’s SUN newspaper page 30 for more details..or see link

http://www.naaija.com/2017/10/breaking-court-ruling-stops-obiano-campaign/

With the election boycott in Kenya, IPOB boycott may receive more support, giving rooms for rigging and manipulation of the election.

Gathering of witches, after flying in with their brooms. Anambra don't need a thug governor.

DaInferno:
Nice, but flying without engine!?!

Lots of shits happen when flying that if we knew, Will scare the hell outta us

lanes have changed a lot since the days of the Wright Brothers (or, perhaps more accurately, Brazilian inventor Alberto Santos). Those first wood-and-cloth contraptions are an entirely different species than the sleek Boeing Dreamliners of today.
With the continual advancements in aerospace technology, it's hard to keep up with all the amazing things planes today are capable of doing (and withstanding). Below, 11 things you didn’t know about airplanes and air travel.
Airplanes are designed to withstand lightning strikes
Planes are designed to be struck by lightning—and they regularly are hit. It’s estimated lightning strikes each aircraft once a year—or once per every 1,000 hours of flight time. Yet, lighting hasn’t brought down a plane since 1963, due to careful engineering that lets the electric charge of a lightning bolt run through the plane and out of it, typically without causing damage to the plane.
There is no safest seat on the plane

The FAA says there is no safest seat on the plane, though a TIME study of plane accidents found that the middle seats in the back of the plane had the lowest fatality rate in a crash. Their research revealed that, during plane crashes, “the seats in the back third of the aircraft had a 32 percent fatality rate, compared with 39 percent in the middle third and 38 percent in the front third.”
However, there are so many variables at play that it’s impossible to know where to sit to survive a crash. Oh, and plane crashes are incredibly rare.
Some airplanes have secret bedrooms for flight crew
On long-haul flights, cabin crew can work 16-hour days. To help combat fatigue, some planes, like the Boeing 777 and 787 Dreamliners, are outfitted with tiny bedrooms where the flight crew can get a little shut-eye. The bedrooms are typically accessed via a hidden staircase that leads up to a small, low-ceilinged room with 6 to 10 beds, a bathroom, and sometimes in-flight entertainment.
The tires are designed not to pop on landing
The tires on an airplane are designed to withstand incredible weight loads (38 tons!) and can hit the ground at 170 miles per hour more than 500 times before ever needing to get a retread. Additionally, airplane tires are inflated to 200 psi, which is about six times the pressure used in a car tire. If an airplane does need new tires, ground crew simply jack up the plane like you would a car.
Why cabin crew dims the light when a plane is landing
When a plane lands at night, cabin crews will dim the interior lights. Why? In the unlikely event that the plane landing goes badly and passengers need to evacuate, their eyes will already be adjusted to the darkness. As pilot Chris Cooke explained to T+L: “Imagine being in an unfamiliar bright room filled with obstacles when someone turns off the lights and asks you to exit quickly.”
Similarly, flight attendants have passengers raise their window shades during landing, so they can see outside in an emergency and assess if one side of the plane is better for an evacuation.
You don’t need both engines to fly
The idea of an engine giving out mid-flight sounds frightening, but every commercial airplane can safely fly with just one engine. Operating with half the engine power can make a plane less fuel-efficient and may reduce its range, but planes are designed and tested for such situations, as Popular Mechanicsreported. Any plane scheduled on a long-distance route, especially those that fly over oceans or through uninhabited areas like the Arctic, must be certified by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) for Extended-range Twin Operations (ETOPS), which is basically how long it can fly with one engine. The Boeing Dreamliner is certified for ETOPS-330, which means it can fly for 330 minutes (that’s five and a half hours) with just one engine.
In fact, most airplanes can fly for a surprisingly long distance with no engine at all, thanks to something called glide ratio. Due to careful aeronautical engineering, a Boeing 747 can glide for two miles for every 1,000 feet they are above the ground, which is usually more than enough time to get everyone safely to the ground.
Why there are ashtrays in the bathrooms
The FAA banned smoking on planes years ago, but eagle-eyed passengers know that airplane lavatories still have ashtrays in them. As Business Insiderreported, the reason is that airlines—and the people who design planes—figure that despite the no-smoking policy and myriad no-smoking signs prominently posted on the plane, at some point a smoker will decide to light up a cigarette on the plane. The hope is that if someone violates the smoking policy, they will do so in the relatively confined space of the bathroom and dispose of the cigarette butt in a safe place—the ashtray, not a trash can where it could theoretically cause a fire. If you do smoke in the bathroom, expect a massive fine.
What that tiny hole in the airplane window does
It’s to regulate cabin pressure. Most airplane windows are made up of three panels of acrylic. The exterior window works as you would expect—keeping the elements out and maintaining cabin pressure. In the unlikely event that something happens to the exterior pane, the second pane acts as a fail-safe option. The tiny hole in the interior window is there to regulate air pressure so the middle pane remains intact and uncompromised until it is called into duty.
Why airplane food taste so bad
Airplane food has a bad reputation, but the food itself isn’t entirely to blame—the real fault lies with the plane. A 2015 Cornell University study, reported by Time, found that the environment inside an airplane actually alters the way food and drink tastes—sweet items tasted less sweet, while salty flavors were heightened. The dry recycled air inside the plane cabin doesn’t help either as low humidity can further dull taste and smell making everything in a plane seem bland. According to a 2010 study from the Fraunhofer Institute for Building Physics in Germany, it’s about 30 percent more difficult to detect sweet and salty tastes when you’re up in the air. Next time you fly, skip the meal, and maybe try a glass of tomato juice instead.
About those oxygen masks
The safety instructions on most flight include how to use the oxygen masks that are deployed when the plane experiences a sudden loss in cabin pressure. However, one that thing that the flight attendants don’t tell you is that oxygen masks only have about 15-minutes worth of oxygen. That sounds like a frighteningly short amount of time, but in reality that should be more than sufficient. Remember, oxygen masks drop when the airplane cabin loses pressure, which means the plane is also losing altitude. According to Gizmodo, a pilot will respond to that situation by donning an oxygen mask and moving the plane to an altitude below 10,000 feet, where passengers can simply breathe normally, no extra oxygen required. That rapid descent usually takes way less than 15 minutes, meaning those oxygen masks have more than enough air to protect passengers.
Why planes leave trails in the sky
Those white lines that planes leave in the sky are simply trails of condensation, hence their technical name of “contrails.” Plane engines release water vapor as part of the combustion process. When that hot water vapor is pumped out of the exhaust and hits the cooler air of the upper atmosphere, it creates those puffy white lines in the sky. It’s basically the same reaction as when you see your breath when it’s cold outside.

http://www.timestelegram.com/zz/lifestyle/20161117/11-crazy-things-you-never-knew-about-planes

LOkOJA - AJAOKUTA- ANKPA Road leading to the South East. Ignored strategically. This government and hypocrisy is like 5 & 6.

This reporter go school so? Watch out, a very dirty story is about to come up from Sahara Reporters. Those in the story are the ones writing this trash!

safarigirl:
This AGT that always has white winners. Preferably the little, blonde girls.

Not one non-white winner, tomorrow they will say America is for all

America is still better than Nigeria where all are blacks, but equality is their way of life.

In Kukasheka Voice. The Army is on top of the situation. We are studying the video to ascertain if its genuine. Until they purge the military of corruption, the insurgency will not stop.

Granted it's a crime, when did it become EFCC's duty to arrest oil thieves? Where is Civil Defense, JTF, Police etc. Funny country, tomorrow don't be surprised Road Safety or NDLEA will arrest oil bunkers