₦airaland Forum

God gave them over to a {m} reprobate mind, to do those things which are not natural;

(11) He proves the unrighteousness of man by referring to many types of wickedness, from which (if not from all, yet at the least from many of them) no man is altogether free.

(m) To a corrupt and perverse mind, by which it comes to pass that the conscience, having been removed by them, and they having almost no more remorse for sin, run headlong into all types of evil.

What goes on inside the brain of a psychopath?
Published Sunday 9 July 2017
By Ana Sandoiu
It is well known that psychopaths can commit violent, and often criminal, acts. But the precise neural mechanisms that underlie this behavior have remained elusive. However, new research reveals the neural circuits that may drive psychopathic behavior.
neurons firing in the brain
New research may change how we perceive psychopaths, as the brain wiring that drives psychopathic behavior is revealed.

What goes on in the mind of a psychopath? From specialized neuroscientific studies to popular psychology books, this head-scratching question has preoccupied scientists, ethicists, and journalists alike for years.

While it is known that psychopaths sometimes display violent or criminal-like behavior, the neurological underpinnings of this condition have remained somewhat of a mystery.

But a team of researchers from Harvard University in Cambridge, MA - led by Joshua Buckholtz, an associate professor of psychology - recently set out to unravel some of this mystery. By examining the brain scans of almost 50 inmates in two medium-security prisons in Wisconsin, Prof. Buckholtz and his team examined what makes psychopaths act the way they do, as well as what drives their decision-making.

We may not yet know what goes on in the mind of a psychopath, but the new findings - which are published in the journal Neuron - may help us to understand what goes on their brain.
Studying psychopaths in prisons

As the authors explain, previous studies have pointed to an association between the impulsive-antisocial factor and reward-anticipating circuits in the brain, as measured by blood-oxygen-level-dependent signaling, which is a standard technique used in functional MRI.

For example, some studies have found a higher volume of striatal gray matter in teenagers with impulsive-antisocial symptoms, as well as in psychopathic offenders.

Additionally, Prof. Buckholtz and team have shown in a previous study that scoring highly on the impulsive-antisocial scale correlated strongly with dopamine-releasing circuits and increased brain activity in areas associated with reward anticipation - namely, the nucleus accumbens.

All of these studies suggested to the researchers that psychopathic behavior may be associated with excessive dopamine transmission and a stronger "functional reactivity to rewards" in the striatum. So they set out to investigate whether or not their hypothesis was correct.

As part of the study, 49 inmates were asked to complete a so-called delayed gratification test while their brains were scanned using mobile scanners. In the test, participants had to choose between receiving a small amount of money right away and being given a larger amount later on.

The researchers then estimated the subjective value that each of the two options presented to the participants. The sum of these subjective values was fed into a model based partially on studies carried out in primates.

The model enabled the scientists to measure the impulsivity of the participants' choices, as well as to detect the brain areas that are key in judging the value of these choices.

The researchers also examined the inmates' psychopathic characteristics using a traditional psychopathy test called the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised.
Psychopathy as 'brain wiring dysfunction'

"[The] more psychopathic a person is, the greater the magnitude of that striatal response," Prof. Buckholtz explains. "That suggests that the way they are calculating the value rewards is dysregulated - they may over-represent the value of immediate reward."

The experiment confirmed the scientists' hypothesis. Prof. Buckholtz and team found that inmates with the highest score on the psychopathy test also showed higher activity in a brain area called the ventral striatum, a region key for assessing immediate rewards.

Normally, the activity in the brain's ventral striatum is also regulated by another brain region, called the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC).

This area is involved in social and moral decision-making, fear learning, and empathic responses. The vmPFC is also responsible for the ability to project the consequences of our actions and decisions into the future.

Thus, the vmPFC can control how the striatum represents the value of a reward, and without this regulation, the value of that reward may be overestimated.

Prof. Buckholtz and team mapped several brain areas that were connected to the ventral striatum to see how they influence decision-making, and they found that the connectivity between the vmPFC and the ventral striatum was weakened.

"[We] found that connections between the striatum and the ventral medial prefrontal cortex were much weaker in people with psychopathy," Prof. Buckholtz explains. "If you break that connection in anyone, they're going to start making bad choices because they won't have the information that would otherwise guide their decision-making to more adaptive ends."

Importantly, the effect of weak corticostriatal connectivity was so clear that the researchers were able to predict the number of criminal convictions that the inmates had each received.

"The same kind of short-sighted, impulsive decision-making that we see in psychopathic individuals has also been noted in compulsive over-eaters and substance abusers."

"If we can put this back into the domain of rigorous scientific analysis, we can see psychopaths aren't inhuman, they're exactly what you would expect from humans who have this particular kind of brain wiring dysfunction."

KingSango:
Michelle Obama is a man

KingSango:
God gave them over to a {m} reprobate mind, to do those things which are not natural

KingSango:
God gave them over to a {m} reprobate mind, to do those things which are not natural

Nigerian Pedophile 419 Scammer CRUCIFIED
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Radio 419 MegaHertz
Published on Nov 22, 2014
A pedophile who trains Thai children how to do 419 scams is captured. This hardcore Nigerian criminal goes from stubborn denial to full confession without even a finger being laid upon him. Ernest Prince Okonkwo also known as Don Prince or as Tony Jamaica built his own estate and church on the Laos border where he ran his scam operations, he also built a small coffeeshop to try and account for his lavish lifestyle.

Tony Jamaica is an infamous figure in the South-east Asian underworld for arranging accounts for 419 scammers to launder money being received from scam victims. The arrest of Tony Jamaica means that police now have deep details of a global network of Nigerian scammers which will lead to a large number of arrests in Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia and Malaysia.

32 year old Tony was arrested with his 15 year old female accomplice named "Candy" who ironically was "shared" with a large number of Nigerian criminals in Bangkok. After working and sleeping with Nigerian drug dealers Candy met Tony Jamaica near a church notorious for criminals run by Prophet Nanje Noah in the Hua Mak district of Bangkok - an area renowned for its Nigerian drug and scam cartels.

Those viewers that are sincere and serious about stopping scammers or pedophiles or pedophile scammers should take a few seconds to give this video a thumbs up and share this video with as many people and websites as possible as this is not childish scam-baiting or an amateurish website like 419eater.com but a real proactive force against 419, demon fetish pedos, drug-dealers and kidnappers. Posting pictures of the small boys that work with big scammers is not justice, you must learn to catch the real devil, whip the devil, beat the devil, chain him up, throw him in a cage and then throw away the key because you are a fool if you try and compromise with the devil.

Ironically Candy admitted her introduction to prostitution started when a Caucasian Australian offered her 300 dollars to buy her and train her at the age of 14. Candy went on to explain that she then had Thai customers paying 100 dollars a pop before moving into the African market where the price was much much lower but she enjoyed the affection of Nigerian boys and eating their food which she found more similar to Thai food than Australian food. She explained that her mother warned her to stop finding bank accounts to recieve money from Australia as the amounts were suspiciously large and that she was still a novice at scamming and had not so much success as the older Thai women that hang out in Nigerian churches such as Global Transitional Outreach and nightclubs.

Investigations has now shown that many children become prostitutes because they wrongly believe that Europeans, Americans and Australians have higher ethics and also because they use much larger amounts of cash as a lure, instead of living in central Bangkok many caucasian pedophiles are now known to be residing in the more distant suburbs sometimes disguising themselves as teachers. As the children get used and abused by Europeans the children loose popularity and are subsequently picked up by African groups as sex workers to be trained as drug mules as the Ice, heroin and cocaine are often swallowed as well as inserted into their vaginas and anuses. This channel also has videos of the famous Canadian Pedophile that picked up kids for sex training in Internet cafes around Bangkok and now these kids have grown older and have been abandoned by their Caucasian initiators they are now moving drugs for Nigerians or in prison for doing so, the more unlucky ones were executed for their crimes.

That idiot - the devil is now in chains - the devil is now chained. If you know you are a man come and battle against the devil. For Nigerian viewers the word Caucasian refers to what you call "the white man". Nigerian viewers should also educate themselves to learn that humans do not just come in black and white but also exist in other colors such as various shades of brown, pink, cream and yellow. Drug dealers, 419ers and pedophiles are cowards, losers, idiots and diseased people that destroy culture and unity in civilized society whilst bringing curse on their family and land.

KingSango:
God gave them over to a {m} reprobate mind, to do those things which are not natural