Coronavirus: Majority testing positive have no symptoms

Only 22% of people testing positive for coronavirus reported having symptoms on the day of their test, according to the Office for National Statistics.

This hammers home the role of people who aren't aware they're carrying the virus in spreading it onwards.

Health and social care staff appeared to be more likely to test positive.

This comes as deaths from all causes in the UK fell to below the average for the second week in a row.

Between the end of March and June, there were 59,000 more deaths than the five-year average.

Meanwhile, the UK government's daily figures released on Tuesday showed another 155 people have died after testing positive for the virus. This takes the total number of deaths to 44,391.

It comes after 16 new deaths were reported on Monday, but there are often reporting lags over the weekend.

ONS survey
While the ONS survey includes relatively small numbers of positive swab tests (120 infections in all) making it hard to make any strong conclusions about who is most likely to be infected, there are some patterns coming through in the data:

Those in people-facing health or social care roles, and working outside their homes in general, were more likely to have a positive test.

People from ethnic minority backgrounds were more likely to have a positive antibody test, suggesting a past infection.

White people were the least likely proportionally to test positive for antibodies.

There was also some evidence that people living in larger households were more likely to test positive than those in smaller households.

Although men are more likely to die from coronavirus than women, this study did not find a difference in how likely they were to contract the infection.

The figures are based on tests of people selected at random in homes in England - people living in care homes or other institutions are not included in this study.

Some people testing positive without symptoms might go on to develop symptoms, or they may have already had symptoms and cleared them.


Asymptomatic spread
On Monday, the prime minister talked about how asymptomatic spread may have contributed to coronavirus cases in care homes.

His comments provoked anger in the care home sector when he suggested, "too many care homes didn't really follow the procedures".

Later his Business Secretary Alok Sharma said he'd meant that "nobody at the time knew what the correct procedures were", because of a lack of understanding of levels of asymptomatic transmission at the start of the outbreak.

The asymptomatic transmission was warned off by the World Health Organization and the government's scientific advisors, but they weren't able to quantify how great a risk it was.

While 22% in the ONS study reported symptoms on the day, a larger group - a third (33%) of people testing positive for coronavirus - reported having symptoms either on the day of their test or at their previous or subsequent test.

So the 78% not reporting symptoms on the day of the test includes "pre-symptomatic" people as well as "asymptomatic"- those who will never develop noticeable symptoms.

Meanwhile, weekly deaths in the UK are slightly below average for this time of year with 10,267 registered in the week of 26 June, and lower than the week before, figures show.

There were 651 deaths registered mentioning Covid-19 which remains above the number registered the week lockdown was announced (607).
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Coronavirus: Brazil's President Bolsonaro tests positive

Brazil's President Jair Bolsonaro has tested positive for coronavirus.

He took the test, his fourth, on Monday after developing symptoms, including a high temperature.

Mr. Bolsonaro has repeatedly played down risks of what he has called the "little flu", saying he would not be seriously affected. He has opposed lockdowns, which he says hurt the economy.

Brazil has the second-highest number of Covid-19 cases and deaths in the world, after the US.


What did Mr. Bolsonaro say?
He made the announcement in a TV interview on Tuesday, saying the fever he had been experiencing had gone down and that he felt "very well".

Mr. Bolsonaro said that he had started experiencing symptoms on Sunday. He said he had had a high temperature, a cough, and had felt unwell.

He added that on Monday he had felt worse, which prompted him to take the coronavirus test.

Mr. Bolsonaro is in a higher-risk group because of his age, 65.

He said he was taking hydroxychloroquine - championed by US President Donald Trump - and azithromycin, an antibiotic, to treat the illness. Neither has been proven to be effective against the virus.

Contact tracing and tests will be carried out for the people Mr. Bolsonaro has met recently.

His previous three tests for the virus all came back negative.

The executive director of the World Health Organization, Dr. Mike Ryan, wished President Bolsonaro "a speedy and full recovery from this disease", adding: "I think the message to us all is: we are vulnerable to this virus."


What had he previously said?
Back in April, Mr. Bolsonaro said that even if infected, he would "not have to worry as I wouldn't feel anything, at most, it would be like a little flu or a little cold".



The number of COVID-19-related deaths and infections - at that time under 3,000 and 40,000 - has since soared.



Despite this, President Bolsonaro has argued that regional lockdowns are having a more damaging effect than the virus itself, and accused the media of spreading panic and paranoia.

His other comments on the virus include:

11 March: "From what I have seen until now, there are other kinds of flu which have killed more people than that [coronavirus] one"

18 March: "Today we have information, that because we have a more tropical climate [in Brazil] we've almost reached the end [of the pandemic], or it's already over... the virus doesn't spread as fast in warm climates like ours"

20 March: "After being stabbed, I'm not going to be brought down by a little flu"
He has since continued to rail against measures that he deems "dictatorial" such as the closing beaches or requirements to wear face coverings.

On Monday, he made further changes to a law that would require Brazilians to wear masks in public.

He has attended a number of public events without a mask, even when local rules required him to wear one.

On Sunday, Foreign Minister Ernesto Araújo posted a photo on social media showing himself with President Bolsonaro and others attending an Independence Day celebration at the US embassy in Brasilia.

None of those in the photo is wearing a mask or observing social distancing.

The US embassy said that the ambassador had had lunch with Mr. Bolsonaro and others on 4 July. It added that the ambassador had no symptoms but that he would undergo testing.

The ambassador had earlier tweeted a picture of himself with President Bolsonaro.


What is the state of Covid-19 in Brazil?
Infections in Brazil and Latin America as a whole took a while to take hold but then started to rise, initially for Brazil in its Amazonas region but then more starkly in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.

Brazil became only the second country to pass one million cases on 20 June and has continued to rise, passing 1.5 million. Many experts believe deficiencies in testing mean the overall figures for cases and deaths could be considerably higher.

Nevertheless, lockdowns began to be lifted in many areas even as the cases surged. Both Rio and São Paulo have reopened bars and restaurants in the past week.

Two health ministers - both doctors - have left their posts after disagreements with the president.

One ray of hope though is Brazil's renowned expertise in vaccines. Two major vaccine tests, in partnership with AstraZeneca and Sinovac, are to begin final phase testing on thousands of Brazilian volunteers.
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m

itsmeurLady:


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