₦airaland Forum

Supergene oil palm

*INTRODUCTION TO OIL PALM CULTIVATION*


OIL PALM (Elaeis guineensis ) is a specie of palm commonly called African oil palm. It is the principal source of palm oil. It is native to west and south west Africa, Mature palms are single-stemmed and grow up to 20m tall.

The leaves are pinnate and reach 3-5 m long. A young palm produces about 30 leaves a year. Established palms over 10 years produce about 20 leaves a year.

The flowers are produced in dense clusters; each individual flower is small, with three sepals and three petals.

The palm fruit takes 5–6 months to mature from pollination to maturity. Although the new re-engineered palm does not take this much. It is reddish, about the size of a large plum, and grows in large bunches.

Each fruit is made up of an oily, fleshy outer layer (the pericarp), with a single seed (the palm kernel), also rich in oil. When ripe, each bunch of fruit weighs between 5 and 30kg (11 and 66 lb) depending on the age of the palm tree.

*AGRONOMY PRACTICES FOR OIL PALM PRODUCTION*

1. *CLIMATE* : Oil palm is a humid tropical crop and thrives best in the areas where temperature ranges from 22 degree Celsius to 24 decree Celsius (Minimum) and 20 degree Celsius to 33 degree Celsius (Maximum).

Oil palm require at least 5 to 6 hours of bright sunshine per day and 80% of humidity for optimum growth .The oil palm requires annual evenly distributed rainfall of 2500 to 4000mm or 150 to 150mm monthly .


2. *SOIL REQUIREMENT FOR OIL PALM CULTIVATION*

Generally oil palm can be grown on a wide range of soils .However they thrive best in well drained deep loamy moist and alluvial soil rich in organic matter .These trees require at least 1 meter soil depth . Farmers must avoid highly saline and highly alkaline ,coastal sandy and water stagnant soils such as clay soils.


3. *PROPAGATION OR PLANTING OF OIL PALM*

The propagation of oil palm is done mainly by seeds which are extracted from fruits using depericarper .Pre heating of seeds is required for 75 days for 40 degree Celsius temperature due to their high dormancy.

There after seeds should be soaked in running water and make them to cool down for 4 to 5 days .The seeds start germinating 10 to 12 days and when germinated sprouts should be transplanted to poly bags and raised in nursery .

The single stage nursery system is most popular in Nigeria .It involves the use of black poly bags filled with top soil and rotten or cured manure .The sprouts should be placed at a depth of 2.5cm in the center of the poly bag.

Regular watering and mulching should be carried out for proper growth of seedlings. Use recommended NPK fertilizer for the nursery until they are ready to be transfered into the main field .

About 35 hectares can grow enough seedlings over a three-year period to plant a 5,000-hectare plantation. After eight months in the nursery, normal healthy plants should be 0.8–1 m in height and display five to eight functional leaves.

Although in Nigeria it is advisable to buy high yield and disease free seedlings from reputable nursery . The ones that are ready to be planted to save yourself from stress and unnecessary delays especially during the raining season ideal for planting.


4. *LAND PREPARATION FOR OIL PALM CULTIVATION*

Since oil palm is expected to be done in large scale for good returns on investment ; it therefore imperative that the land for its production be well prepared.

Mechanical land preparation can be done with all weeds removed .The land ploughed to get the soil fine tilth stage. The field should be supplemented with good organic matter to make the soil a rich field .Poultry manure can be incorporated prior to planting.The best time to plant oil palm is from June to July.

Those planted during the dry season must be given alternative irrigation system such as drip irrigation.They should also be mulched adequately alongside growing cover crops with them during the dry season.


The proper approach to oil palm development begins with the establishment of leguminous cover plants, immediately following land clearing.

They help prevent soil erosion and surface run-off, improve soil structure and palm root development, increase the response to mineral fertilizer in later years, and reduce the danger of micronutrient deficiencies.

Leguminous cover plants also help prevent outbreaks of Oryctes beetles, which nest in exposed decomposing vegetation. Both phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are needed to maximize the leguminous cover plants’ symbiotic nitrogen-fixation potential of around 200 kg nitrogen/ha/yr, and are applied to most soils at 115 to 300 kg phosphorus oxide/ha and 35 to 60 kg potassium oxide/ha.

Young palms are severely set back where grasses are allowed to dominate the inter-row vegetation, particularly on poor soils where the correction of nutrient deficiencies is difficult and costly.

5. *SPACING FOR OIL PALM CULTIVATION*

Triangular spacing pattern which is most recommended requires 9m x 9m x 9m spacing .With this dimension 143 to 145 oil palm plants can accommodate an hectare of land.Planting should be done on pits of 60cm x 60cm x 60cm.

During planting ,mix the soil with 400grams of SSP (Single Super Phosphate ) fertilizer and 50grms of prorate and apply at the base of the pit as soon as planting is done.Do not forgot to water the young tree or seedling immediately after the fertilizer is applied at the base of the pit.


6. *FERTILIZER APPLICATION IN OIL PALM CULTIVATION*

Oil palms requires a balanced and sufficient supply of micro ,macro and secondary nutrients for high production of palm oil.In oil palm cultivation fertilizers should be applied every 3 months interval starting from June or July .

In case of newly planted trees ,first dose of fertilizer should be applied after 3 months of planting.Do not forget to water after each application of fertilizer.

*A SIMPLE GUIDE FOR FERTILIZER APPLICATION FOR THE FIRST 3 YRS*

*NITROGEN*

* Use Urea Fertilizer *

*1st year* - 870grams per palm /per year.

*2nd year* - 1750grams.

*3rd year* - 2600 grams.

*PHOSPHORUS*

* Use SSP (Single Super Phosphate) fertilizer*

*1st year* - 1250 grams* per gram ,per palm /per year*.
*2nd year* - 2500grams
*3rd year* - 3750 grams.

*POTASSIUM*

*Use MOP Fertilizer (Muriate of potash)

*1st year* 670gram, per palm /per year*
*2nd year* 1350 grams.
*3rd year* 2000grams.

*MAGNESIUM*

*Use Magnesium Sulphate fertilizer *

*1st year* Use 125 gram ,per palm /per year*
*2nd year* 250 grams.
*3rd year* 500 grams.

*BORON*
.Use Borax fertilizer.

*1st year* 25grams, per palm/per year*
*2nd year* - 50gram.
*3rd year* - 100grams .



7. *IRRIGATION IN OIL PALM CULTIVATION*

Oil palm requires sufficient irrigation or water supply especially during the dry season when there is no rains.The growth rate of palms is faster and yield higher when there is sufficient water available for them .It is not advised to grow oil palm without availability of water especially in the dry season. Younger growing plant requires about 200litres of water per day .Older plants require a little bit more water in hot season.Drip irrigation systems can be installed under each plant .Sprinkler irrigation systems can also be deployed as alternative irrigation systems for oil palms.

8. *MULCHING IN OIL PALM CULTIVATION*

Mulching is necessary in oil palm cultivation to conserve soil moisture and control weed growth .Mulching can be done with dried leaves ,coconut husk ,male flowers and empty bunches.

9. *WEED CONTROL IN OIL PALM CULTIVATION*

Regular manual weeding or chemical weeding can be carried out in oil palm cultivation. However chemical weed control should be done only with recommended herbicides. For effective chemical control of weeds in oil palm orchard ,glyphosate of 700ml to 750ml per hectare per year should be applied.

Herbicides mixtures of paraquat with Atrazine ,Diuron and Monuron on the ground can effectively control the weeds and this operation should be carried out at least twice a year .

10. *INTERCROP IN OIL PALM CULTIVATION*

Oil palms are usually widely spaced trees and intercrop can be effectively utilized during initial 3yrs period before trees create a canopy.

However,care should be taking with inter crops so it will not compete with the oil palms in terms of water, light and nutrients. The most suitable crops for intercrop with oil palm during the first 3 yrs are vegetables such as peppers,banana, ginger,tumeric, pineapple etc.

11. *PEST AND DISEASES MANAGEMENT IN OIL PALM CULTIVATION*

The common pest and diseases of oil palm include ; Pestalotiopsis leaf spot ,Ganoderma butt rot,oil palm wilt,Rhinoceros beetle ,Mealy bugs.Appropriate control measures should be taken to care for these pests and diseases by contacting experienced agro inputs dealers.

12. *HARVESTING OF OIL PALMS*

The first oil palm will be ready for harvesting in 3yrs after planting in the main field. Determining harvest time is very important in oil palm cultivation as it greatly impacts the quality and quantity of oil.Harvesting can be done when the fruits on the palm turn into yellowish to orange color and 5 to 8 fruits drop on their own.

Harvesting takes place throughout the year and generally done in 10 to 14days internal with the help of sharp knief or sickle. A stalk length of 5cm should be left while harvesting the fruit bunches.

*YIELD POTENTIAL OF OIL PALM*

Any crop yield depend mainly on the soil type ,Variety, climatic conditions and farm management practices.

*During initial period of 4 to 8yrs of the palms yield ranges from 10 to 12 tonnes per hectare*

*After the 8th year yield can increase from 18 to 20 tonnes per hectare*


*THE NEW SUPERGENE HYBRID OIL PALM VARIETY YIELD & CHARACTERISTICS IS SHARED BELOW*



*SuperGene* – Most Productive Oil Palm Hybrid.

Earlier harvest (22 to 24 months) compared 36 to 48 months for Tenera standard seedling. First year harvest 7 to 8 tonnes of palm oil per hectare ,Significant higher yields for each and every year throughout the 25year lifespan.Life span average yield of 44 tons.

Dwarf Palm – annual growth rate of 25 to 35 cm compared to 60 cm of tenera. Extends the economic cropping cycle beyond the normal 25-year lifecycle.

Shorter Tree … Easy to reach speeds up harvesting … Harvesting cost is reduced.
Tree diameter and circumference is bigger supports more branches & more fruits, this reduces gravity effect allowing easy transfer of nutrients from soil to fruit.

This allows the tree to thrive better in dry season. Wider gap between leaves stem results in an increase in photosynthesis for more robust growth.

More Disease Resistant
Higher Oil-to-Bunch Ratio more than 25% bigger seed, thinner shell and smaller kernel.More Female Flowers, ratio is 2 times higher than the normal species.

Longer Tree Lifecycle 30 years for fruit bearing as well as income generating period is longer.

Average yield over 25 years lifespan – 44 tons /hectare or over 10 tonnes of Oil based on Oil Extraction Rate of 23%.Yields can be enhanced with the use of high performance liquid plant fertilizers and high yield hybrids.

*Interested in this oil palm variety, further enquiries or wishes to purchase other economic tree seedlings we supply ,pls do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 (whatsapp) Email: seedworldlimited@gmail. com*

Gdeven ,Yes sir ,do contact us by calling us on 07082638957 or whatsapp.

*HERBS AND VEGETABLES SEEDS AVAILABLE GARDEN PACKS*

*5gm to 20gm depends on types*.

Asparagus
Angled Luffa-Greenland
Basil Dark Opal
Basil Dolce Fresca
Basil Purple Ruffles
Butterfly Pea
Bitter Gourd
Holy Basil
Lemon Basil
Sweet Basil
Carrot Purple Elite
Catnip
Celery
Cili Paid
Curly Parsley
Dill Dukat
Dill Fernleaf
Garden Rocket (Arugula)
Garlic Chives
Greek Oregano
Green Shiso
Italian Giant Parsley
Holy Basil
Kale Semi Tall Curled
Kale Toscana Organic
Kale Hong Kong
Lemon Balm
Lemon Basil
Lettuce Red Salad Bowl
Leek
Oregano, Wild Marjoram
Ornamental Pepper Mixed Neon
Pepper Early Jalapeño Organic
Pepper Habanero
Pepper Mad Hatter
Peppermint
Plain Parsley
Pot Marigold
Purple Shiso
Radish
Red Frill Mustard
Red Giant Mustard
Red Russian Kale
Rosemary Rosy
Sage
Spearmint
Summer Thyme
Sweet Basil
Sweet Marjoram
Swiss Chard Mixed
Tarragon
Zucchini Black Beauty
Asparagus
Arugula
Parsley
Roselle

For further enquiry do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957.

No

Contact us on 07082638957

*INTRODUCING GWG 111 F1 HYBRID MAIZE SEED*

*ORIGIN* MALAYSIA.

*CLIMATE* TROPICAL

*CHARACTERISTICS*

*Easy to grow dark orange flint maize.

*Dark orange kernel.

*Potential Yield* 8-12 ton/ha.

*Able to harvest around 100 days after sowing at tropical area.

* Strong plant, excellent growth rate.

* Easy to grow.

*Weight* 10kg bag .

*For pricing, purchase or further enquiry do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957*

*INTRODUCING KIRIKUO F1 HYBRID OKRA SEED **


**DESCRIPTION**

*Company* : TECHNISEM SEEDS.

*KIND* : F1 hybrid Okra


*MATURITY*: 55 to 60days.

*FRUIT DIMENSIONS*: 8cm to 9cm .

*COLOR* Medium Green.


*SPECIAL FEATURES* Very high yield, fleshy and very slimy fruits

*WEIGHT*: 50grams per tin.

*For Purchase or further enquiries do contact SEEDWORLD LTD on 07082638957 or WhatsApp .Email : seedworldintegratedintegratedconceptltd@gmail.com*

Mowe Ogun state .Pls do contact us on 07082638957 (WHATSAPP ) or call.

Fruit

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*RAMBO F1 TOMATO VARIETY FOR TRAINING SEASON*



*Characteristics*:

• Determinate
• Maturity 75 days from transplanting
• Fruit weight 150 grams
• Yield potential 30 tonnes per acre
• Very good shelf life and transportability
• Vigorous plant with uniformly set and firm
fruits
• Excellent fruit grade out up to 90% in grade
one

*Resistances / Tolerances*:

• High bacterial wilt tolerant
• Fusarium Wilt (Fol: 1,2)
• Verticillium Wilt (Vd & Va)
• Bacterial Spot
• Nematode

*Weight* : 10grams


*For purchase or pricing do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082738957*

Seed pack 25gram.

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*INTRODUCING DARINA F1 HYBRID CUCUMBER VARIETY*

Darina F1 cucumber seed is one of the most productive slicing cucumber seeds available in the market. This variety of hybrid cucumber seed can support a lot of big cucumber fruits at a time if well fed with nutrients.

The fruits of Darina F1 are deep green in colour, cylindrical in shape and big. This variety is pathernocarpic in nature, that is, it has predominantly female flowers and may not necessarily need bees for pollination.

Darina F1 seeds can be planted all year round in Nigeria and in any other location with tropical conditions. You can plant this variety in the rainy season and in the dry season.

This variety of cucumber seed is also tolerant and resistant to a number of diseases and pest. To make money in your cucumber business, you are advised to cultivate this type of seed.

*FEATURES OF DARINA CUCUMBER*

*Plant Type: Vigorous growing and strong .

*Plant Fruit type: Beautiful dark green colour fruits with white thorns measuring 20-23cm.

*Potential Yield: High yielding variety, 30t/acre .

*Maturity: Matures early 45-50 days.

*Resistant: Resistant to cucumber vein yellowing virus and Scab (Cladosporium spp.) disease.

*Intermittent resistant to cucumber mosaic virus and powdery mildew.

*SEED PACK WEIGHT : 25 grams Available.


For purchase or further enquiry pls call SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 (WHATSAPP).

Email: seedworldlimited@gmail.com

#700

*INTRODUCING ESPARTANO F1 HYBRID SWEET/BELL PEPPER **


**DESCRIPTION**

* Company : SAKATA SEEDS.

* KIND : F1 hybrid pepper (Capsicum L.)

* TYPE: ESPARTANO F1 HYBRID.

*MATURITY: Early

* FRUIT DIMENSIONS: Approximately 10 x 10 cm (app. 250 – 270 grams)

* FRUIT SHAPE: Large blocky pepper.

* FRUIT WALL: Thick

* SMOOTHNESS: Smooth surface with medium shallow lobes. Shoulders can be medium deep.

* FRUIT COLOUR: Dark green turning to yellow.

* PLANT TYPE: Medium compact.

* APPLICABLE : Greenhouse and Open field .

* DISEASE REACTION (SCIENTIFIC): High resistance: (TMV - Tobacco Mosaic Virus) 0-2.

* PLANT POPULATION GUIDE: Open field: 20,000 – 25,000 plants per ha.

* GREENHOUSE - 2 – 2.3 stems per m²

* SPECIAL FEATURES: Large fruit which turn from dark green to
yellow.

* PACKAGE : 500 Seeds Per satchet.

*For Purchase or further enquiries do contact SEEDWORLD LTD on 07082638957 or WhatsApp .Email : seedworldintegratedintegratedconceptltd@gmail.com*

Dont deal on that.Except COCOPEAT grow media.

Sorry for the ommision

I have sent it severally 07082638957 u can call or WHATSAPP.

Below is the dimension.

*INTRODUCING SEED TRAYS AS A GOOD SEED STARTING MEDIUM*

With the campaign for improved living standards, people have higher and higher demands for quality vegetables.

Whether flowers or vegetables, seedling tray is a transformation of modern gardening which provides a guarantee for fast and large volume production.Seedling tray has become an important agricultural supplies in the process of industrialized seedling production.


A seed starting tray is a gardening tool specifically designed to hold multiple seeds, starting from the germination stage, until the seedlings are ready for transplanting .

Using such a tray ensures better
nutrient availability for each seed, and eliminates the need for
multiple planting.

Seed starting trays also help keep the seeds.

Our seedling trays comes in different sizes base on cell or number of holes ranging from 98,104,124,128 and 200holes.

*Benefit of using seed trays for vegetable nursery*:


1. Seeds saving, reduction of production costs.

2. Can be used with a variety of manual and automatic planter, for centralized management to improve efficiency.

3. Seedling neatly, and maintain consistency in plant seedling growth.

4.Uniformity of growth.

5. It allows Plants to be potted with a minimum of root damage.

6. It makes sowing, handling and planting seeds extremely easy in terms of management.

7. It makes very efficient use of space .

8.They are easy to stack together for easy storage

9. It is possible to re-use them from season to season .

*For purchase of quality seed trays do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 0708638957.Email:seedworldlimited@gmail.com*

15 tonnes currently available .

*2020 DRIED RAW CASHEW NUT*

ORIGIN: KOGI STATE.
NUT COUNT: *170-185*
OUTTURN: *45-50KOR*
MOISTURE: *10% MAX*
DEFECTIVE: *2% MAX*
FOREIGN MATTER: *0.5%*

CONTACT : 07082638957 For further enquiry.

Pls desist from this for the second time .

i have habanero ,contact us on 07082638957.

.

Other active fungicide pics

Pics of some fungicides

Fungi attack on tomatoes sample pics.

UNDERSTANDING FUNGAL INFECTIONS - SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT ESPECIALLY IN TOMATO FARMING IN THE RAINING SEASON.

IDENTIFYING FUNGAL INFECTIONS
Fungal infections on plants occur when environmental conditions favour growth and spread of fungi on external parts of the plant and the parts in contact with soil.

This is when there is a lot of moisture and high temperatures, mostly during rain seasons.

Wind is also another factor, it spreads the fungi spores from infected plants to other plants hence making the infection sporadic.

The fungi that grows on the plants is parasitic, feeding on the plant, and is identified by conspicuous black patches on leaves, stems and flower clusters.

Yellowing of infected leaves is also noticeable.

TREATMENT
There are many chemical compounds in spray able or foliar form that can be used to curtail or protect established fungal infections in plants.

These are fungicides chemicals with the active ingredients below:
1. Carbendazim
2. Metalaxyl
3. Sulphur
4. Triadimefon
5.Macozeb

These fungicides chemicals you can get from us (SEEDWORLD LTD ) ,different active brands for prevention such as Cabrio duo,Ridomil gold,Saaf,Team etc.

*PREVENTION OR POSSIBLE SOLUTION FOR FUNGI INFECTION*
Prevention they say is better than cure.

• Avoid overcrowding plants that are susceptible to infections.
• Removing old and infected plants and disposing them away from the farm
• Stalking plants to avoid contact with soil.
• Alternating spray chemicals used to avoid creating resistance to treatment.
• Regular spray of treatment chemicals after every rainfall.
• Use adjuvants and spray stickers to avoid the chemicals from being washed away by rain.
• Avoid overhead irrigation like spray tubes.
• Crop rotation.

For purchase of fungicides chemicals ,insecticides and herbicides that are active do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957.

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