₦airaland Forum

*INTRODUCING HULK F1 351 HYBRID SWEET CORN FROM MALAYSIA *.

*DESCRIPTION*

HULK F1 hybrid sweet corn is a well performing hybrid developed for tropical conditions. It has vigorous ,strong plant growth with large and compact seeds . Good eating quality and high yield.Ears are uniform in size with excellent husk cover and fully filled until the tip. Kernels are straight in row, yellow, sweet and tender.


**FEATURES/CHARACTERISTICS*



* CROP NAME : Sweet Corn (Hulk F1 )

* ORIGIN : Malaysia.

* VARIETY FEATURES : Large Cob, Very Sweet in taste and good shelf life.

* BRIX - 13 (Brix is a measurement of sweetness)

*COLOR : Yellow.

* EARLY MATURITY : 67 days.

* LENGTH (CM) : 20 to 21cm.

* PACK WEIGHT : 500grams.


For Pricing, orders/purchase of the seed or fresh harvested fruits or further enquiries do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 (Whatsapp).Email:seedworldintegratedconceptltd @gmail.com

Vacancy!!!

Business Developers are needed.

Call : 07082638957 for further enquiry.

*MAIZE GROWING TIPS*

The early planting season of maize is between March15 - May 15. Late planting is in August.

For anyone to be successful in maize farming you need the following.

1. Timing : Timing of planting is critical. As early planting of maize always yield better. Same as harvest. Time your harvest for when the rains have gone or are about to go.

2.High yield seeds.
Preferably one that gives yields above 3 tonnes per hectare.

3. Know the appropriate seed quantity per space (Acre or Hectare) . i.e for open pollinated maize seed variety 20kg per hectare and for hybrids 15kg per hectare.

4.Spacing : Your loss will be compounded if you don't space properly. i.e 25cm in between stands and 75 cm between rows. For efficiency avoid manual planting. Buy or hire a planter for precision planting.

5. Fertilizer : Fertilizer can be applied in 3 split applications as follows; at 2 weeks after planting, four weeks after planting and a third at six weeks to eight weeks.

Use Npk and and urea. For efficiency budget a minimum of 4 bags per hectare. 3npk 1 urea.

6.Ensure your farm is free of weeds from the 3-10 leaves stage. Generally make sure ur farm is free of weeds.

7. Avoid land preparation manually. Use a tractor as follows. Ploughing and harrowing. If you are using a planter.

8. Use a powerful pre and post emergence herbicide two days after planting then follow up with weeding as necessary.

9. Harvest only when maize has dried fully, for better accuracy shell at 150days. This is to avoid losses due to Mycotoxin growth during storage.

10. Selling dried shelled maize is by far more profitable than selling fresh.

@Abolaji pls do create a thread for the above purpose.

50kg bag

*INTRODUCING THE HYBRID (SC 510) MAIZE VARIETY*

*Type* Pro Vitamin A variety.

*Variety* :Yellow Maize Hybrid.

*Potential yield* 5-6 Tons/hectare.

*Maturity* Early Maturing (90 days) dry harvest.

*Other Features* Short crop plant allowing increased population for higher yield.

*Resistance* Widely adapted and resistant to most lowland disease.

*Weight* 2kg pack.

*Contact us for pricing ,order placement or further enquiry 07082638957 (WhatsApp) Email : seedworldlimited@gmail.com*

*THE WORLD OF HERBICIDES*

Herbicides are pesticides used to kill or inhibit the growth of unwanted plants (weeds).

Commonly known as weed-killers, herbicides are categorized into selective and non-selective. Some of these herbicides act by interfering with the growth of the weed and are often synthetic mimics of natural plant hormones.

They can be foliage-applied or soil herbicides, pre-emergence or post-emergence .Contact herbicides kill only the plant organs with which they are in contact.

Translocated herbicides are effective against roots or other organs, to which they are transported from above ground treated surfaces (soil).

You can contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 for quality brand herbicides chemicals.

*THE WORLD OF FUNGICIDES*

A fungicide is a specific type of pesticide (chemical or biological in origin) that controls fungal disease by inhibiting the growth of fungal spores or killing the fungus causing the disease.

Different crops are affected by different fungi. One fungal disease can affect more than one crop, similarly, a crop can be affected by more than one fungal disease .Fungicides can be Preventive or Curative or both Preventive and Curative. Fungicides are further categorized into the following :


(a) *CONTACT FUNGICIDES*

Are not taken up into the plant tissue, and protect only the plant where the spray is deposited.

(b) *TRANSLAMINAR FUNGICIDES*

Redistribute the fungicide from the upper, sprayed leaf surface to the lower, unsprayed surface.

(c) *SYSTEMIC FUNGICIDES*

Are taken up and redistributed through the xylem vessels. Some are locally systemic, and some move upwardly.

*Contact SEEDWORLD LTD for quality brand fungicides by calling us (07082638957) whatapp. Email : seedworldlimited@gmail.com*

More Insecticides

*THE WORLD OF INSECTICIDES*

Insecticides are agents of chemical or biological origin used to control insects by; killing them or deterring them from feeding or preventing undesirable or destructive insect behaviour. Insecticides are classified according to the method of application and by the way they enter the insect’s body. Many insecticides take effect in more than one way and target more than one insect.

*DIFFERENT TYPES OF INSECTICIDES AND MODE OF APPLICATION AND ACTION ON INSECTS*

(a) *STOMACH INSECTICIDES*

Are applied on the surface of plants or are added to the bait. The insecticide is eaten along with the food material by insects that chew such as caterpillars.

(b) *CONTACT INSECTICIDES*

Are sprayed or dusted on the insect’s body. The poison is absorbed through the body wall. Most soft-bodied insects are vulnerable to contact insecticides.

(c) *FUMIGANTS*

Are insecticidal gases. Insects that lurk out of reach of sprays are killed when they breathe the gas. In addition, the soil may be fumigated to destroy grubs or wire worms that attack

(d) *RESIDUAL INSECTICIDES*

Are applied to foliage and they have a long lasting effect as they remain on the surface for a longer time. Insects absorb deadly doses by touching the poisoned surface.

(e) *SYSTEMIC INSECTICIDES*

Are absorbed by plant tissues, so that when insects feed on the sap they are controlled.

*For quality brand insecticides category do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957*

*****INTRODUCING MULCHING FILM*

SPECIFICATIONS:

* 1.2MX500MX.0035,
* 1.2Mx300Mx.0035


* BENEFITS OF USING MULCHING FILM TO THE FARMER*

* Soil Temperature:

-The use of plastic mulch alters soil temperature. Dark mulches and clear mulches applied to the soil intercept sunlight warming the soil allowing earlier planting as well as encouraging faster growth early in the growing season.

* Weed management:

-Plastic mulches prevent sunlight from reaching the soil which can inhibit most annual and perennial weeds.

* Improves crop quality :

-Plastic mulches keep ripening fruits off of the soil. This reduced contact with the soil decreases fruit rot as well as keeps the fruit and vegetables clean.

* Reduction in root damage:

-The use of plastic mulch creates a practically weed free area around the plant, removing the need for cultivation except between the rows of plastic.

For pricing, purchase or further enquiry pls contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 (Whatapp) Email: seedworldlimited@gmail.com

Pics

Attachment pics

More pics

Pics

Pics

*WHAT IS LAND PREPARATION*


***Land Preparation*****

This is one of the foremost operations that are carried out on the farmland in preparation for cropping. Land preparation (also called tillage or cultivation) and crop establishment go together since land preparation influences the ability of the crop to emerge and produce a good, uniform crop stand. For successful farming in Nigeria experience, this step is very crucial.

As a major pre-requisite for a good yield; Land preparation has changed from a manual to a power-assisted activity over the centuries, depending on the availability of different energy sources. Today tractors provide a major power source for tillage that allows many different variations. Manual and animal-assisted tillage is still practiced though. Various activities are associated with land preparation to pave way for planting on the field. The kind of operation to adopt depends on the vegetation present on the field. This includes tree felling, stumping, plowing, harrowing, ridging, etc.

Felling of trees: This involves removing the vegetation and clearing the farm site. It is usually done using a bulldozer, chain saw, etc.
Stumping: The removal of perennial roots and tree stumps present in the soil.

Ploughing: The primary purpose of ploughing is to turn over the upper layer of the soil, bringing fresh nutrients to the surface, while burying weeds, the remains of previous crops, and both crop and weed seeds, allowing them to break down. It also aerates the soil, allows it to hold moisture better and provides a seed-free medium for planting an alternate crop. It can be carried out using manually with a hoe or a plough.

Harrowing: It is often carried out on fields to follow the rough finish left by ploughing operations. The purpose of this harrowing is generally to break up clods (lumps of soil) and to provide a finer finish, a good tilth or soil structure that is suitable for seedbed use. A mounted harrower is used for this purpose.

Ridging: This involves making ridges for planting. Ridge making can be achieved either with animal-drawn ridger or a tractor driven one.
Planting: The act of sowing the desired seeds on a prepared field. There are different fabricated machinery that could be used to achieve this, depending on the type of crop (planter).


Land preparation is important to ensure that the field is ready for planting. A well-prepared field controls weeds, recycles plant nutrients, and provides a soft soil mass for transplanting and a suitable soil surface for direct seeding.



*CONTACT US (SEEDWORLD LTD) FOR THE SUPPLY OF TRACTORS ,HAND TRACTORS AND ATTACHMENTS FOR AN EFFICIENT LAND PREPARATION IN THIS PLANTING SEASON*.



*12HP HAND TRACTOR*

*ATTACHMENT*
*Disc plough*

*Reaper*

*Water pump*

*Rotary cultivator*

*Trailer*

*Ridger*

*Double plough*

*18HP HAND TRACTOR*
18hp hand Tractor -

*ATTACHMENT*
*Trailer*

*Reaper*

*Disc plough*

*Rotary cultivator*


*25HP TRACTOR*

*25hp 2 wheel drive Tractor*

*ATTACHMENT*

*Rotary cultivator*

*Harrow*

*Disc plough*

*Rack*

*Double plough*

*Reaper*

*Tipping trailer*

*35HP*

*35hp 4 wheel drive Tractor*

*ATTACHMENT*

*Disc plough*

*Disc harrow*

*Slasher*

*55HP*

*55hp 4 wheel drive Tractor*

*80HP*

*80hp 4 wheel drive Tractor*

*ATTACHMENT*

*Disc plough*

*Harrow*

*Tipper trailer*

*4 Disc plough*

*Disc harrow 24 blade*


For pricing or further enquiries do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957(Whatspp) (Email : seedworldlimited@gmail.com

Gdm ,the difference is the yield and fruit size and color at harvest. You can contact us on 07082638957 for further enquiries and possible order placement.

*INTRODUCING GWG 111 F1 HYBRID MAIZE SEED*

*ORIGIN* MALAYSIA.

*CLIMATE* TROPICAL

*CHARACTERISTICS*

*Easy to grow dark orange flint maize.

*Dark orange kernel.

*Potential Yield* 8-12 ton/ha.

*Able to harvest around 100 days after sowing at tropical area.

* Strong plant, excellent growth rate.

* Easy to grow.

*Weight* 10kg bag .

*For pricing, purchase or further enquiry do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957*

*MAIZE PRODUCTION GUIDE FOR EARLY MAIZE PLANTING*


Maize has a higher sensitivity to drought, it requires water volume of 600 to 800mm/growing period and 80 to 110mm/day for a better growth and yield, and this may be vary geographically. Maize is one of the staple food grown largely globally with America topping the table, followed by China and Brazil; In Africa, Nigeria takes the lead followed by South Africa. Farmers cultivate maize globally either seasonally "rainfed", or all year round under irrigation system of farming.

In the developed world, a yield of 10tons and above per hectare has been achieved under good agricultural practices(farm management), the use of improved planting materials such as hybrid seeds , and a favorable weather condition. Africa is still lagging behind and are yet to record a tonnage above 3tons per heactre under small scale farm business, and less than 6tons per hectare under large scale farm business, most especially in Nigeria. Though drought in Africa may be one of the major factors hindering Africa farmers from attaining higher yield.

I will like to highlight few causes of low yield in most farming zone and which may be applicable to other parts of Nigeria:

* Drought: lack of rainfall and high sun intensity causing high rate of evaporation in plant during the day.

* Land preparation : Maize farmland must be tilled (plough, ridge, heap, or harrow) to enable the tap root and the auxiliaries roots tap nutrients from the soil surface to aid maize growth and develop healthy stalk and cob. Untilled land should not be encouraged.

* Improved planting materials: Lack of good planting materials especially good and viable hybrid maize varieties. This is one of the causes of low yield .Get good maize seeds for planting.

* Poor planting population: Plant 60,000 to 80,000 plant population per hectare. 90days to 110days maize seed gives higher yield compared to 55days or 75days maize seed. But, if your farming zone is prone to early drought or early rainfall stoppage, 55days or 75days maize seed are adviceable.

*Planting spacing: Maintain 25cm x 75cm planting spacing or 20cm x 65cm planting spacing, or 22.5cm x 70cm planting spacing. Many farmers complain it is too close and it gives no room for good aeration between the crop, but I say, it is not. "Tested and Trusted".

*Water: Maize requires 600-800mm/growing season of water.

*Weed: The first weeding in maize farm must be carried out in 2weeks or highest 3weeks after planting. Either manually (hoe) or use of herbicide, or mechanically(motorized weeder). This will eliminate nutrients competition between your maize and the surrounding weeds.


In conclusion, water is very essential in growing crops as its lack or inadequacy is devastating to crop production and farmers livelihoods.


For your hybrid maize seeds such as GWG 111 from Malaysia and 30Y87 Pioneer Maize do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 .

No

No sir,there is lockdown.Until after the lockdown

Gdeven all,hope we are staying safe?

Seedlings

*INTRODUCTION TO JACK FRUIT FARMING*

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) is one of the most remunerative and important fruits of India. It belongs to the family Moraceae.

Jackfruit is the largest tree-borne fruit in the world with a weight varying from a mere 3 kilograms to 36 Kilograms. It is a delicious and exotic fruit packed with many nutrients and benefits.

Jackfruit is popularly called the jack of all fruits. It is a rich source of vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients, carbohydrate, electrolytes, fiber, fat and protein.

In rare cases, this fruit grows from underground roots and in such situations, cracks the ground over it before emerging outside.

However, distinct varieties are not available in jackfruit. Cultivated types are broadly classed into two groups by consumers, namely, soft flesh and firm flesh.

A. Soft flesh

When fully ripe, the fruits yield to the thrust of a finger easily. The pulp is very juicy and soft. The taste varies from very sweet, sweet acidic to insipid.

B. Firm flesh

The rind does not yield to the thrust of finger easily. The pulp is firm and crispy. The taste is variable in degree of sweetness. Some distinct types are capable of maintaining their individuality even after propagation by seeds. These are:

i. Rudrakshi

It produces roundish fruits of the size of the pummelo. The rind is smooth, less spiny than the common jackfruit and the perianth is fleshy but the quality is inferior.

ii. Singapore or Ceylon jack

It has been introduced to India by Sri Lanka. This is highly precocious type, producing fruits after approximately 2½ years of planting the seedling.

The size of fruit is like common jack fruit. Some trees produce light off-season crop between September and December.

*CLIMATE* Jack fruit prefers warm climate to thrive. This is because is a tropical tree crop.The jackfruit is adapted only to humid tropical and near-tropical climates. It is sensitive to frost or cold in its early life and cannot tolerate drought. If rainfall is deficient, the tree must be irrigated.

*SOIL TYPE*

The jackfruit tree flourishes in rich, deep soil of medium or open texture, sometimes on deep gravelly or laterite soil. It will grow, but more slowly and not as tall in shallow limestone. It cannot tolerate "wet feet" or root. If the roots touch water, the tree will not bear fruit or may die.

*AGRONOMY OR CULTURAL PRACTICES FOR JACK FRUIT CULTIVATION*

1. LAND PREPARATION :

Jackfruit grows well on all climatic types although warm and moist surroundings are best. Prepare the land for planting before the onset of the rainy season. For flat to gently rolling lands, plow the field once and harrow two or more times. These operations are dispensed with in very hilly areas.


2. PROPAGATION

Jackfruit is generally propagated by seeds and this leads to immense variation and prolonged juvenility. The seeds are sown immediately after extraction either in beds, polythene bags, earthen pots or in coconut husk pieces containing enough soil to cover the seeds.

Heavier seeds should be used for sowing purposes. The seeds should be soaked 24 hours in water and thereafter treated with some germination boosting chemicals ;which results in improved germination and enhanced seedling growth.You can contact SEEDWORLD LTD for such.

Propagation by vegetative means offers handicap or is fruitless . Different methods of grafting have not given encouraging results or success.

However, inarching and layering have been found effective in multiplying the jack fruit and it should be done from June to August.

The poor success in budding of jackfruit is probably due to severe oozing out of latex from the freshly cut surfaces.

Under good conditions, success has been reported by budding, when it is performed from mid-May to mid-August after collecting buds from a defoliated shoots.

In recent years, epicotyl grafting has also given encouraging results. It has been observed that often there is a poor establishment of air layered shoots in their permanent places because of their non-fibrous and brittle root system.

Stool layering has proved better as there is no problem of establishment in field due to the presence of fibrous roots. The lifting of seedlings from beds as well as the transplanting of the grafts from the nylons to the field should be done with care, as the seedling plants have pronounced tap root system.

Any injury to roots or breaking of earth ball will lead to the poor establishment of the plants at their permanent position. Direct sowing of seeds in the field and budding in situ from promising strains have been found beneficial to ensure better establishment of plants.

*PLANTING METHOD*

For jackfruit plantation, 1 x 1 x 1 m pits are dug at least 10 days before planting. About 30 kg well rotten farmyard manure and 500g super phosphate are mixed with the soil of each pit and the pit is refilled.

Approximately, 2g/litre chloropyriphos active ingredient should be applied in the pit to avoid insect attack.


Planting of 3 to 4 seed per pit leads to stronger plants. But nursing and raising of a large number of plants in this way is difficult. After planting, the soil is pressed firmly to avoid waterlogging in pits during rainy season.

This is important for jackfruit plantation as the jackfruit can not withstand waterlogging. The best time for planting grafts or seedling is June to August.

Prolonged dry weather after planting may lead to the death of plants. The tap root should not be disturbed while planting, to avoid damage to the plants.

The square system of planting is commonly practiced for planting but hexagonal system may be followed in less fertile soils.

*SPACING*

In fertile soils, a spacing of 12 x 12 m accommodating 70 plants per hectare will suffice for this fruit crop.

On average soil, trees may be planted 11m apart. High density planting can be practiced in lighter and poorer soils.

3. CARE FOR YOUNG JACK FRUIT PLANTS.

The leaves of jackfruit are favourite feed for goats. Thus, the young plants are frequently damaged by stray goats and cattle unless adequately protected by providing iron mesh or gabions for about two years. Gabions may have to be replaced after a year.

Hand watering of young plants during one or two times daily during dry periods is necessary for assured survival and good growth of plants.

Frequent weeding and mulching are necessary to achieve normal plant growth.

4. FERTILIZER APPLICATION

In Jackfruit plantation, an application of 20:10:10 of NPK per year respectively up to 8 years and thereafter, the dose of 8th year taken as the constant dose for subsequent years, should be followed in jackfruit trees.

It has been observed that the young fruits (0.5-1.0 kg) suffer from browning and mature fruits show the symptoms of developing spongy and corky tissues along with whitish pockets in the fruit mesocarp.

This malady is believed to be caused due to lack of boron in the soil which can be controlled by spraying the trees with 1 % solution of Borax at monthly intervals starting from January to May or by adding borax @ 250g per tree along with fertilizer application.

5. IRRIGATION OF JACKFRUIT PLANTATION.

Jackfruit tree is sensitive to drought, therefore, irrigation during dry periods is considered essential in arid regions for normal plant growth.

Generally, ring system of irrigation should be adopted for irrigating jackfruit trees as it also economises the use of water.Drip irrigation or sprinkler system is most recommended.

For young orchards, hand watering is necessary during first two to three years. The frequency of irrigation will depend on the soil moisture condition.

6. INTERCROPPING

It starts bearing after 5 to 7 years of its transplanting. Therefore, during this period the interspaces of the orchard should be properly utilized. Suitable crops should be grown every year till the trees reach bearing stage.

When the soil moisture is not a limiting factor, vegetable crop like okra,Pepper especially chilli, tomato, Potatoes and watermelon etc. can be grown. These crops will also improve the nitrogen status of the soil.

7. INSECT , PEST AND DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH JACKFRUIT .

*Insects and Pests*

There are about 7-8 insects attacking jackfruit but three of them are of economic importance. Two common pests are described here:

i. Shoot and trunk borer

It is often a serious pest . It bores into the tender shoots and buds. After sometime the affected parts become dried and ultimately the (buds) drop off.

To control this pest, chemical application spray is advisable. Affected parts should be nipped off and destroyed.

ii. Brown weevil

It is also reported to bore into the tender buds and shoots. They may be controlled by destroying fallen fruits and buds and by collecting grubs and adults.

In addition, mealy bug and jack scale are also found to attack jack fruit which can be controlled by use of a suitable contact insecticide.

*Common Diseases for Jackfruit*

Soft rot and pink disease are common diseases in jackfruit.

i. Soft rot

It is a fungal disease found in jackfruit. In this disease, male flowers and small fruits are badly affected, whereas female flowers and mature fruits escape this disease.

Humid atmosphere facilitates the spread of this disease. To control this disease, spray applicable copper related chemicals in the month of January, February and March at an interval of 21 days should be done.

ii. Pink disease

White or pink spots are formed on the affected branches. It gradually covers the whole branch. When the disease becomes serious, peeling of the bark takes place.

All the affected branches should be severed .
To check the further spread of the disease, spray of (2.75 kg copper sulphate + 1.8 kg slaked lime + 200 litres of water) should be sprayed.

8. FLOWERING AND FRUITING.

Jackfruit is a monoecious fruit tree. Large number of flowers is borne on club-shaped rachis. The female spikes are borne on footstalks while male spikes appear both on the footstalks as well as the terminal branchlets.

Footstalks bearing female spikes are vigorous and have granular surface, while the male spikes are in the central and top region of the tree with thinner stalks and smoother surface.

Sex of a spike can be easily identified when it is small. The length and diameter of female spikes are much more than those of the males. Surface of a young male spike is smooth, while in the case of a female flower it is granular.

Both pollination and fertilization completes within 3 to 6 days after the opening of flowers (anthesis).Irrespective of method of propagation, the tree starts bearing from the 7th or 8th year after transplanting.

The flowers generally start appearing in December and continue up to March and the fruit ripens in dry season.

At higher altitudes, jack fruit growth may continue up to September. Occasionally, though rare, off-season flowering may be noticed. The axis of inflorescence, the multiple fruit, botanically called sorosis, the pericarp around each seed and the fleshy perianth are edible.

Jackfruit is a multipurpose fruit tree. It can be cooked as vegetable, ripe fruits used for table purpose and green mature fruit can be used for making pickles. The fruits develop during raining season and dry season. The fruits become ready for harvest in June or early July.

If the flowers on all sides are not pollinated, the fruit does not develop normally. The size is small and the shape may be irregular in less pollinated fruits.

However, lack of pollination may lead to the drop of female spike.

9. HARVESTING AND YIELD OF JACK FRUIT.

Bearing in jackfruit starts from the 7th to 8th year when a few fruits may develop, while the tree reaches its peak bearing stage within 15th to 16th years after planting.

Tender fruits are harvested for use as vegetables during early spring and summer until the seeds harden. The fruit matures towards the end of June. Period of fruit development is February to June.

Harvesting is done by cutting the stalks carrying the fruits. Normally, a tree bears a few to 250 fruits annually at this stage. The weight of the fruit varies widely depending on the type. Individual jackfruit may weigh up to 50 kg.

10. STORAGE AND MARKETING OF JACK FRUIT.

In Jackfruit plantation, storage is also very important. Jackfruit has a good storage quality because of its thick peel.

Jackfruit storage life of about 6 weeks is expected when the temperature is 0.1 to 12.7 0C and humidity between 85 to 90 per cent.

The initial quality and stage of maturity at harvest are important factors on which the storage life depends. Because of its good storage life, it can be transported to distant places for marketing. It does not need any packing or wrapping before sending to markets.

*Interested in jack fruit seedlings do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 (WHATSAPP) Email : seedworldlimited@gmail.com*

We wish you all a HAPPY EASTER.

We wish you all a HAPPY EASTER .Pls stay safe in this season.

*INTRODUCING BUSH MANGO( OGBONO ) FARMING*

The scientific name is irvingia gabonensis, English name is African mango, wild mango or bush mango. Ogbono grows naturally in the wild and the fruits fall on their own when they mature.

The fruits are then allowed to decay or eaten for the seeds that are broken for the nut.
There are different varieties of ogbono in Nigeria; the slippery and the non slippery types.

Ogbono farming is mostly done in African countries such as Congo, Angola, Cote d’ voire, Cameroun, Ghana, Togo, Benin republic and Uganda.

In Nigeria it is cultivated in orchards by few states; Edo, Ebonyi, Cross River and Benue. Ogbono plants are mostly grown for their nuts, the fruit is like mango, oval in shape and can be eaten same way..

Their juice is used in the production of jams, wine, jelly, etc. Ogbono is used for soup . This a kind of soup that is so loved by many, it has great taste and amazing flavour.
That’s one of the reasons ogbono demand is always on the increase.

*CLIMATIC REQUIREMENTS FOR GROWING OGBONO*

Ogbono tree can grow up to about 40m in height with a temperature between 20-37°C; annual rainfall is between 120-150cm. They are planted in deep soil and also a seasonal crop.

*OGBONO CULTIVATION RATE IN NIGERIA*

Studies shows that it is only aged persons that are into ogbono farming
Only very little has been done to increase their cultivation in Nigeria.


There is still a wide gap between supply and demand of ogbonor in Nigeria and beyond. The ogbono seeds we have in Nigeria is not enough to go round mainly because of population increase.

Entrepreneurs and investors are forced to go to other African countries in other to meet up with the high demands.This is why we need more people to venture into ogbonor farming in Nigeria.


*OTHER HEALTH BENEFITS OF OGBONO APART FROM SOUP INGREDIENT*

Aside the weight reduction advantages of its consumption, as well as its age-long dietary aid for humans, there are many other health benefits derivable from consuming the African mango.

* African mango is rich in potassium and pectin. Pectin is a fibre you need to reduce your cholesterol level inside your blood vein.


* Consuming African mango can be one of the best treatments to prevent kidney stones according to some research works.


* The bark of the African mango tree can be decocted and used for treating dysentery and diarrhea.


* The fruits and seeds can serve as fodders fed to farmland livestock such as goat, sheep, cow, cattle, etc.


*Antioxidants are important in fighting free radicals. Irvingia gabonensis (ogbono) African Mango is a potent source of antioxidants.


* African Mango appears to reduce blood sugar levels, as well as having a beneficial effect on insulin resistance and glycemic index control in obese diabetic patients.


* African mango surprisingly has almost same proportion of potassium and Vitamin K to optimal potassium absorption into the blood and cells.


* By consuming African mango at least three times a week, you can say good bye to constipation forever.


* African mango has numerous amount of Vitamin E which stimulates the body to produce sexual hormones to raise your sexual desire.


* Methanolic extract of the African Mango can be used for treating bacterial and fungal infections.


* Ogbono works much better to strengthen your memory and concentration because it has an important protein; glutamine acid.



*AGRONOMY PRACTICES FOR OGBONO CULTIVATION*

1. LAND PREPARATION :

The importance of land preparation cannot be over emphasized in farming because of its benefits.Land preparation for planting of ogbonor is done between November and March .

Acquire a land in a farm area. The operations involves : Clearing ,felling of unwanted trees ,cross cutting ,packing and burning . Mechanical operations can also be deployed using tractors and harrow.

Make the land ready for planting by clearing the debris. Ogbono is best planted in a sandy loam soil that is rich in organic matter. They are planted in deep soil of about 150cm, with acidic PH of 4.5-7.0.So confirm your soil pH by carrying out a soil test .

2. PLANTING / PROPAGATION.

Ogbono can be propagated through seeds and grafting, marcoting, cutting, air layering and budding. But propagation through seed is difficult and may likely fail except you are well experienced or have a technical know how on how to go about it.That is why we recommend seedlings.

*PLANTING SPACING*

The spacing of 7m x 7m is recommended for Ogbono planting .This gives a population of about 200 stands per hectare.After making out ,dig planting holes of 60cm x 60cm x 45cm .

*HOW AND WHEN TO TRANSPLANT OGBONO SEEDLINGS*

Transplanting of ogbono seedlings is done in the early part of the raining season as soon as the rains stabilize that is between May to June .

Fill the holes with well decomposed organic manure or farm yard manure and top soil two weeks before transplanting of seedlings .

Pls note, do not put inorganic or chemical fertilizers like NPK or UREA in planting holes at transplanting of seedlings. This may be harmful to the young seedlings.

Seedlings should be transplanted with the ball of earth (Sand) around the roots of the plant in the nursery nylon.If budded seedlings are planted,regularly check and prune off all side shoots especially under the budded root stock.


3. FERTILIZER APPLICATION IN OGBONO CULTIVATION :

Fertilizer application starts one year after field establishment. If the planting holes were well prepared ( with decomposed organic manure and top soil) no chemical fertilizer is required in the first year of establishment.

1 to 4yrs after planting if the soil is fairly rich ,an application of 0.25kg (250grams) per tree stand or NPK (15:15:15, 20:10:10 ) or any other compound fertilizer having NPK can be applied.

Fertilizer application should be done during the raining season. If the soil is poor ,the dosage could increase to 0.5kg (500grams) per tree stand.The plant are ring weeded before broadcasting the fertilizer around each tree stand once a year.

4. TOPPING IN OGBONO CULTIVATION :

Topping is a management practice whereby all the growing shoots of the plant are shaped by clipping (Pruning or Training) . This is a Taming process .

*ADVANTAGES OF TOPPING IN OGBONO CULTIVATION*

(a) It gives the trees desired shape instead of conical shape that the tree is naturally prone to.

(b) It exposes more leaves to sunlight thereby enhancing photosynthesis and facilitating more fruits formation.

(c) It encourages early flowering.

(d) It controls the height of the plant.

*WHEN TO DO OR START TOPPING*

Between the second and third year ,and towards the end of the rains ,do the first (Prunning) .This is achieved by cutting back all the growing shoots .Repeat this yearly for the next 3 to 4 years.

5. IRRIGATION IN OGBONO CULTIVATION :

Seedlings transplanted in May/June or June / July depending on location ,may be adversely affected by the following dry season (Nov to March ) especially if the dry season comes early and extends to March and April of the following year.

During this time it is recommended to provide alternative irrigation system such as drip irrigation or sprinklers and mulch round each tree stand with grasses and supply at least 20 to 25litres of water per tree per week.This will enhance survival rate and early productivity .

6. REPLACEMENT OF DEAD PLANTS WITH NEW OGBONO SEEDLINGS :

Plants or seedlings that fail to survive should be replaced the next rainy season.This practice should continue until all the missing tree stands are filled up.Before replanting the dead plants ,the planting holes should be properly checked to find out the cause of the death.

If the death is caused by disease or pest ,adequate measures should be taken to clean up the planting site and planting materials before and after replanting.

7. WEED CONTROL IN OGBONO CULTIVATION :

In the first 2yrs of field establishment ,it is recommended to ring weed 1meter from the base of the plants.This can be done consistently as they grow on. Chemical weed control can also be done with proper caution.You can contact SEEDWORLD LTD for the applicable chemical recommendation.

8. INTER CHOPPING OGBONO :

Within the first 5yrs of field life and until the tree's start creating canopy ,food crops such as Yam ,Cassava,Ginger,Cocoyam and vegetables can be planted within the ogbono tree stands.

Spreading or crawling crops especially sweet potato is highly recommended as intercrop for ogbono ,because apart from.the edible sweet potato roots,the sweet potato will also serve as a cover to check erosion and to control weed growth.

After canopy is formed in a few years ,only cocoyam,yam and potatoes can be intercropped because they are shade tolerant crops.

8. DISEASES AND PEST IN OGBONO CULTIVATION.

*DISEASES* Most of the diseases associated with ogbono in the nursery or field includes;

(a) *Damping off* : Ogbono is susceptible to damping off disease caused by two fungi - (Pythium Spp and Phytophtora Spp). The seedlings remain susceptible till the cotyledons drop 3 - 4 weeks after planting.

*Control* Avoid waterlogging conditions in the field or nursery.You can also use copper based fungicides such as (Red force) for treatment.For chemical recommendations you can contact SEEDWORLD LTD.

(b) Leaf Spot : There are two types of leaf spot namely ;
(i) Clorotic to necrotic spots caused by two fungi - Rhizoctonia Spp and Collectrotirichum Spp.

(ii) Reddish Purple spots caused by Rhizoctonia Spp .These are controlled as stated above for damping off.


*PESTS*

The pest that affect ogbono includes the following.

(a) Insect Pest : Young seedlings are attacked by grasscutters,Caterpillars, Scale insects etc.Leaf miners and fruit borers occasionally attack mature plants .These insects are controlled by spraying monthly with a broad spectrum insecticide .You can contact SEEDWORLD LTD for recommended brands of insecticide.

For other pest we would state them below because of time.You can contact us for possible control measures.

(b) Rodents.
(c) Epiphytes (A parasite)

*Other natural destroyers of Ogbono plantation include* ;

(d) Fire

(e) Weed .


9. HARVESTING OF OGBONO .

Local Ogbono that grows in the wild from seed could take 10yrs to maturity.Improve Ogbono varieties take a shorter period of 4 to 5yrs .

Fresh ogbono comes into market between June and August and is most scarce between March and April. The two varieties of Ogbono have different flowering / fruiting cycles as stated below .

(a) *VARIETY* : Gabonensis

*FLOWERING TIME* : Nov to March and June .

*FRUITING* : April to July and Sept to Oct.

(b) *VARIETY* : Excelsa


*FLOWERING TIME* Sept to Oct.

*FRUITING* December to March.

When fruits mature they fall to the ground and are collected for processing .Mature fruits can equally be plucked manually or mechanically.

Picking of ripe fruits is an organized annual event in areas where ogbono grow in the wild on commercial lands .

*YIELD POTENTIAL*

An average kernel yield of 25kg per stand of Ogbono is considered good.Kernel yield could be up to 30 to 35kg per plant in good years and could be as low as 20kg per stand in bad fruiting years.

*Interested in improved Ogbono seedlings or further enquiry do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 WhatsApp
Email : seedworldlimited@gmail.com

Exotic Agbalomo seedlings .

*INTRODUCING THE AFRICAN STAR APPLE*

The African star apple Cherry, botanically called (Chrysophyllum albidum), belongs to the family of sapoteacea.

It is locally called cherry, is in full bloom. You can see the fruits on sales along the highways and roadsides all over the country, especially in the Southern part of Nigeria.

It is a tropical fruit mainly distributed in the low land rain forest zones and frequently found in villages. It is popularly called Udara in Igbo, Agbalumo in Yoruba, and Otien in Edo.

The arrangement of the seeds are in form of asterisks and the name star apple was coined from this. The chemical compositions includes tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, proteins, carbohydrates and resins.

Cherry is a fruit that is difficult to ignore. While many find the taste not so pleasant, some find the sticky nature of the inner pulp of the fruit unattractive. It is difficult to predict the taste of the cherry fruit until you actually taste it. Unlike fruits like banana, Mango and cashew which taste one can predict, cherry could be sour, sweet or in-between sour and sweet.

African star apple is a seasonal economic tree crop that start producing during the dry season from December to April.

The health benefits of cherry is what makes it difficult to ignore. Compared with other fruits, cherry is among the healthiest fruits available.

*BENEFITS OF CHERRY TO MAN*

Cherry is a good source of calcium providing about 10% of the amount needed by the body.

Calcium lends strength to the bones and teeth and it may also lessen symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.

Cherry is highly recommended for pregnant women because it reduces salivation and is one of the best natural sources of Vitamin A and C.

In fact, the Vitamin C found in the pulp of cherry is said to be higher than the ascorbic content of Orange and guava.

The fruit also provides calories which makes the fruit a good snack. The fruit possesses antioxidant properties which gives the body a better chance of fighting and avoiding heart disease and cancer.

The fruit contains fiber which aids digestion and it is also ideal for weight watchers.

While most people seem to be interested only in the cherry fruit, all other parts of the plant is infact very useful.

The leaves contains hypoglycemic (lowering blood sugar) properties and anti-platelet activities. The stem can be used as chewing stick as it contains anti-bacterial properties and is a natural remedy for tooth ache, constipation and indigestion.

Remember to swallow your spit when using the stem as chewing stick.The roots and barks when boiled are excellent remedies for cough, yellow fever, high blood pressure and Diabetes.

An infusion of the leaves can be used to wash wounds as an antiseptic, and as remedies for diarrhea, and constipation.

In this age when many people are struggling with obesity, cherry is a good fruit to have around. The fruit is excellent for maintaining a healthy metabolism, and therefore good for losing weight.

It is unfortunate that after eating the pulp of the cherry fruit we always throw away the skin. The cherry skin is infact one of the most medicinal part of the cherry plant.

I recommend chopping the skin into pieces and then blend a handful in half liter of water. This is one of the best preparation for weight loss and for diabetes. Blending the skin gives you access to the full benefits of the fiber and you will be amazed at the burst of energy you will feel after drinking the solution.


It is worthy of note that the African star apple is one of the endangered plants in Nigeria and Africa. While many of us eat cherry and value its health benefits, we don’t seem to care about the cultivation of this wonderful plant.

People are busy harvesting cherry from the wild and there is hardly any interest in cultivation of the plant.
The implication is that there will be less and less African star apple plant available and eventually we may wake up one day to find that our precious cherry is no more available to purchase.

Having known the several health benefits, it becomes expedient to take advantage of this economic tree by cultivating it especially for commercial production.

*SELECTING YOUR AFRICAN STAR APPLE VARIETY*

You need to know that there are different varieties or species of African star apple otherwise known as Udara or Agbalomo .

They can be distinguished by their shapes,sizes as well as their taste .So , before venturing into African star apple farming ,you need to decide on the variety to plant.Before now the local African star apple takes 8yrs to reach maturity and start yielding fruits .But with the new improved or exotic varieties it takes lesser from 3yrs to start production after transplanting to the field.This is the type we supply at SEEDWORLD LTD.


*AGRONOMY PRACTICES FOR STAR APPLE CULTIVATION*

1. LAND PREPARATION :

Land preparation is the foundation for a good farming enterprise.The objective of land preparation is to develop potential tree growth ,survival and uniformity of a crop about to be established.

Through proper land preparation factors that limit tree growth are reduced. The land to be use for growing African star apple should be properly prepared.

Clear the land and till any soil that is hardened in other to loosen it for water and nutrients penetration or absorption.The soil should be a well drained sandy loam rich in organic matter with a good PH .

2. PLANTING / PROPAGATION :

African star apple can be propagated by seed or through the use of grafted seedlings. When planting your African star apple from seed ensure you use seeds that are not more than 4 months old.When planting it is advisable to plant during the raining season .

This is because they need adequate water during their early stages for seed germination or seedlings growth.If you decide to plant them during the dry season do ensure you have alternative irrigation system in place especially drip irrigation or sprinklers.

Always buy your seedlings from trusted and recognized nursery farms or suppliers.We at SEEDWORLD LTD provide you quality and trusted seedlings for commercial farm establishment.

3. *FERTILIZER APPLICATION*

It is good to apply fertilizer to your farm as it improves soil fertility and increases output. You can choose to use organic or compound fertilizers such as NPK to improve the soil fertility.You can contact us for the right fertilizer recommendation .

4. PRUNING OF AFRICAN STAR APPLE .

It is necessary to prune the trees so they can produce healthy fruits.This makes them develop a very good structure which will make harvesting very easy and simple.Pruning the trees will also promote higher fruit yield.


5. PEST AND DISEASE CONTROL IN AFRICAN STAR APPLE FARMING.

If you desire to have a bountiful harvest in farming African star apple ,you must have a pest and disease control program as the need arises. It is often said that " Prevention is better than cure".

You must try at all cost to prevent pest end diseases which bring about low productivity of your trees .You can prevent pest and diseases through the use of good cultural practices and application of the right chemical control.You can contact us (SEEDWORLD LTD) for any advice on the right chemicals to use per time .

6. HARVESTING OF THE AFRICAN STAR APPLE.

The African star apple is mostly harvested during December period. However ,the taste is not always sweet .It is far better to allow the fruit for the rain to meet it before you can harvest it.This allows for a sweet taste of the fruits.You know the fruits are ready for harvest when it turns from green to yellow.

*Interested in improved African star apple (Agbalomo or Udara ) seedlings ,do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 (WHATSAPP) Email: seedworldlimited@gmail.com*

Thanks sir ,and God bless you real good .We look forward to hearing from you in the days ahead.Pls stay safe in these pandemic times.

Yours Truly,
SEEDWORLD LTD.

Pics