* For an Eclipse to occur, the celestial bodies(Sun, Earth, Moon) must align(on a straight line).
* Two types of Eclipses: Solar Eclipse(Eclipse of the Sun) & Lunar Eclipse(Eclipse of the Moon).
* Solar Eclipse: the Moon(the blocking) is inbetween the Sun(the unblocked) & the Earth(the blocked).
* Lunar Eclipse: the Earth(the blocking) is inbetween the Sun(the unblocked) & the Moon (the blocked).
* Two types of Lunar Eclipse: Total & Partial Lunar Eclipse.
Lets focus on recent Lunar Eclipse:
* It was a Total Lunar Eclipse.
* The body you saw near the Moon(eastward), is planet Mars(it's the closest it has been round the Earth).
* Weather is a factor on viewing the Eclipse.
* One could view Lunar Eclipse without eye protection(Polaroids) unlike the Solar Eclipse.
* Lunar Eclipse can occur 2-4 times in a year.
* During the Lunar Eclipse, the Moon passes the Earth's Penumbra(rare shadow) to Umbra(Earth's shadow), hence the red/brown color, then to be seen normal.
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* This is the longest Lunar Eclipse in 21st Century.
* The Moon was too small in the sky because it was away(farther) from the Earth in its elliptical orbit; and also the longest Lunar Eclipse because of the same reason/fact. This is because, according to Kepler's (3rd) Law of Planetary, a satellite(moon, planets) will move faster as it is closer to the Sun(or other bodies), and it will move slower as it is farther to the Sun(or other celestial bodies) in the Solar System.
* NASA's satellite won't capture Earth's image during a Lunar Eclipse, due to its satellite makes use of Solar(Sun) energy/power.
* Finally, in my Research, I would say that the red/brown color of the Moon during Lunar Eclipse is effect of Diffraction & Refraction of white(Monochromatic) beam from the Sun travelling at different wavelengths(which detects its color), knowing the Moon as an opaque body.
Please, add your observations/facts below...
Cc: Drnice.

Lalasticlala, what do you think about this topic?