Rossinnki:


We can talk of it in terms of what people on the continent we call 'Africa' practised before the colonial takeover of the land.

If we didn't practise language-based ethnicity and consequent tribalism till they introduced it, then the practice is unAfrican.

This is just self indulgence
Some people in Africa practised cannibalism,genocide, slave trading twin killing etc some did not

Is cannibalism African?

The fundamental premise is flawed there is nothing that is practised all over Africa
You also introduce vague or meaningless terms that you need to define

What does it mean to
"Practise language based ethnicity " That may make plenty of sense in your mind but it means nothing to me
How do we recognise this when we see it?

danvon:
You can as well tell Chinese the concept of belonging to a nation is unasian

Mind you Japan Taiwan and China were once together

Now you said Biafra is a Portuguese name but Nigeria itself is gotten from Britain the name Yoruba is a hausa name, the name Africa came from the Romans, people are always named by outsiders

Tribalism is not a Western invention it's a social one, people need groups to satisfy their wants the bigger the wants the more complex the group... In the olden days there were small wants so there were smaller groups like clan etc but as they grew the clan grew bigger

Now what if tribe is a Western invention the phone you are using is also a Western invention but should you get rid of it?

I wonder if your even in Africa at all, look at the xenophobia in South Africa look at Boko Haram in the north how on Earth do you expect people to come together to solve their problems without becoming national or tribal

Read books and stop getting wisdom from kai kai

@ emboldened

Please go over your history books again

Iamgrey5:
@ emboldened

Please go over your history books again

.

danvon:
.

Wikipedia?

Try again!

Iamgrey5:
Wikipedia?

Try again!

What are your contradictory posts

danvon:
What are your contradictory posts

You are funny

Yoruba was used by a writer Amed Baba from Shogai empire in 1600 to describe Yorubas even before Fulani could arrive in Hausa land in large numbers. It's written in your screen shots.


So how can Fulani give Yorubas the name Yoruba ?

Iamgrey5:
You are slow

Yoruba was used by Shogai empire in 1600 to describe Yorubas even before Fulani could arrive in Hausa land in large numbers. It's written in your screen shots.


So how can Fulani give Yorubas the name Yoruba ?

Because your name is what everyone else calls you we call China China and Taiwan Taiwan

Although Taiwan originally called itself China

You can invent whatever funny name you want if most people around you don't recognize that name then it is pointless

So it's very simple to see how Yoruba was invented by Hausas their closest neighbor

0m0nnakoda:


You also introduce vague or meaningless terms that you need to define

What does it mean to
"Practise language based ethnicity " That may make plenty of sense in your mind but it means nothing to me
How do we recognise this when we see it?

Simply identifying yourself with an ethnic group in the African context is practising language based ethnicity.

For instance, calling yourself a Yoruba man, is practising language based ethnicity. A foreign concept to Africa.

In reality there is no such thing as a 'Yoruba man'. There is only a Yoruba-speaking man.

Same applies to the other European-created ''ethnic groups'' we have today in Nigeria and Africa, which we call ''tribes''.

Group formation on the basis of shared language is an imported, European concept.

danvon:
Because your name is what everyone else calls you we call China China and Taiwan Taiwan

Although Taiwan originally called itself China

You can invent whatever funny name you want if most people around you don't recognize that name then it is pointless

So it's very simple to see how Yoruba was invented by Hausas their closest neighbor

Hausa never invented Yoruba

A Islamic scholar in current day Mali probably did by trying to write "Oyo oba" in Arabic. His use of Yoruba was strictly for Yorubas from Oyo..

Yorubas in turn called Malians and Arabs Larubwa because they often referred to Oyo people as Yorubawa when trading with them in the 16th century.

Iamgrey5:
Hausa never invented Yoruba

A Islamic scholar in current day Mali probably did by trying to write "Oyo oba" in Arabic. His use of Yoruba was strictly for Yorubas from Oyo..

Yorubas in turn called Malians and Arabs Larubwa because they often referred to Oyo people as Yorubawa when trading with them in the 16th century.

So according to you an Islamic scholar from mali invented the word Yoruba?

He called Yoruba people from Oyo Yoruba?

I'm not in the mood for unnecessary arguments, know what your saying

PlayerMeji:
Ok, but which came first?

The chicken or the egg?

The language or the people?

The people!!!!!

Look, do you realise that 'Igbos' and 'Yorubas' are merely part of a much larger, ancient group that dispersed at some point in the past and found themselves in separate settlements, altering slightly over centuries of separation, the original common language they once spoke?

In fact, Igbo and Yoruba are virtually the same language, with a few pronunciation variations and word additions from other external cultural encounters.

LANGUAGE SIMILARITIES


Igbo Yoruba

Onu (mouth) Enu (mouth)

Imi (nose) Imu (nose)

Nti (ear) Eti (ear)

Gini (what) Kini (what)

Mbala (backyard) Abala (backyard)

Iba (fever) Iba (fever)

Agba (calabash) Igba (Calabash)

Okute (stone) Okuta (stone)

Aga (barren) Agan (barren)

Ise (amen) Ase (amen)

Ejime/Ejima (twin) Ejire (twin)

Osi (he said) Oso (he said)

Ka (big) Ga (big)

Siri (said) Soro (said)

Miri (water) Omi (water)

Odinma (it is good) Oda (it is good)

Ewu (goat) Ewure (goat)

Awi (grey hair) Ewu (grey hair)

Okunrin (man) Okenye (man)

Obinrin (woman) Aborun (woman)

Owambe (it is there) Onoeba (it is there)

Eniyan (person who..) Onye (person who...)

Were Eniyan (mad person) Onye Ara (madness)

Enyin (elephant) Erin (elephant)

Dimkpa (strong man) Igiripa (strong man)

Wambi (come here) Bia eba (come here)

Kurombe (go away) Puoneba (go away)

Kene (greet) Ki (greet)

Alusi (the gods) Orisa (the gods)

Ifufu (wind) Efufu (wind)

Nata (return) Pada (return)

Ofe (soup) Obe (soup)

Nwu (die) Ku (die)

Anwu (sun) Oorun (sun)

Ebe (place) Ibi (place)

Akpara (basket) Akpere (basket)

Ifena aku (what time it is) Akoko (time)

Aru (abomination) irira (abomination)

Ebe kibi (where do you live?) Ibo longbe (where do you live?)

Giwa kwan (and you?) Iwo nko (and you?)

Udu miri (water pot) Odu omi (water pot)

Ebe (where?) Ibo (where?)

Let it ( ko) Let it (ko)




Yoruba Are 99.9% Genetically Identical To Igbos – Study


Genetic research finds that there is little genetic difference between most African ethnic groups and less so when they are closer together. A study published in the Bio Medical Center found there was little evidence for significant population substructure in the four major West African ethnic groups, the Yoruba and Igbo of Nigeria and Akan and Gaa-Adangbe of Ghana.


The findings, according to the team, “although not entirely surprising given the geographical proximity of these groups, provide important insights into the genetic relationships between the ethnic groups studied and confirm previous results that showed close genetic relationship between most studied West African groups.”

The study was conducted by Adebowale Adeyemo, Guanjie Chen2, Yuanxiu Chen and Charles Rotimi of the University of Ibadan, National Human Genome Center and Howard university. Analysis of Molecular Variance, AMOVA was used.

Adebowale et al made the shocking discovery that whereas there was 99.9% within-population variance, the between-population variance was less than 0.1%. This means that Yorubas, Igbos, Gaa and Akan are 99.9% similar as populations, while within each of the groups there are differences/variations between individuals as high as 99%, i.e. One Igbo may be 99% variant to another Igbo, or one Yoruba to another Yoruba.

http://newsrescue.com/yoruba-are-99-adangbe-study/#axzz4EytOCs6T



In other words, FUNDAMENTALLY SPEAKING, greater genetic differences exist within the ethnic groups than between them!

This was why shared language was NEVER a unifying factor to our ancestors!!

It is a 100% colonial concept!!!

danvon:
So according to you an Islamic scholar from mali invented the word Yoruba?

He called Yoruba people from Oyo Yoruba?

I'm not in the mood for unnecessary arguments, know what your saying

Yes, he wrote it in his book available in top libraries all over the world.

Yorubas have interactions with Malians long before they ever came across Fulanis.

This is as a result of Malian Empire and Songahi empires that traded with tribes and kingdom across west Africa.

It is the reason why Yorubas originally called Islam the Malian's religion "Esin IMali"

And Yoruba was only used to describe Yorubas from Oyo empire until the 19th century

Other names used for Yorubas elsewhere were

Lucumi

Akus Ekus

Anago

Ife

Etc.

Rossinnki:


Simply identifying yourself with an ethnic group in the African context is practising language based ethnicity.

For instance, calling yourself a Yoruba man, is practising language based ethnicity. A foreign concept to Africa.

In reality there is no such thing as a 'Yoruba man'. There is only a Yoruba-speaking man.

Same applies to the other European-created ''ethnic groups'' we have today in Nigeria and Africa, which we call ''tribes''.

Group formation on the basis of shared language is an imported, European concept.

And Africa is all about Yorubas?
You are not well informed on this subject, that much is evident immediately.
Just remove the term African because it is impossible to define here.
Anyhow there is no other way of existence other than ethnic identity anywhere on earth.
There are strong and weak affinities but affinities exist.
During the slave trade for example this was very important.
Hence we have tribal marks.
Even your Yoruba example is wrong.
There were identities like Ekiti,Ijebu,Egba etc and that is why the term EMPIRE is used to describe Oyo.
That is why they have Orikis
They saw themselves as nations and the YORUBA originally were the Oyo. What colonisation did was to extend that term to Ekitis,Ijebus,etc who all previously used it to refer to Oyo
The Fulani identity is of existential importance to their nomadic ways,ditto for the Masai.
Even in Calabar province there is clear identity awareness

I don't understand Yoruba


quote author=Rossinnki post=86877684]

The people!!!!!

Look, do you realise that 'Igbos' and 'Yorubas' are merely part of a much larger, ancient group that dispersed at some point in the past and found themselves in separate settlements, altering slightly over centuries of separation, the original common language they once spoke?

In fact, Igbo and Yoruba are virtually the same language, with a few pronunciation variations and word additions from other external cultural encounters.

LANGUAGE SIMILARITIES


Igbo Yoruba

Onu (mouth) Enu (mouth)

Imi (nose) Imu (nose)

Nti (ear) Eti (ear)

Gini (what) Kini (what)

Mbala (backyard) Abala (backyard)

Iba (fever) Iba (fever)

Agba (calabash) Igba (Calabash)

Okute (stone) Okuta (stone)

Aga (barren) Agan (barren)

Ise (amen) Ase (amen)

Ejime/Ejima (twin) Ejire (twin)

Osi (he said) Oso (he said)

Ka (big) Ga (big)

Siri (said) Soro (said)

Miri (water) Omi (water)

Odinma (it is good) Oda (it is good)

Ewu (goat) Ewure (goat)

Awi (grey hair) Ewu (grey hair)

Okunrin (man) Okenye (man)

Obinrin (woman) Aborun (woman)

Owambe (it is there) Onoeba (it is there)

Eniyan (person who..) Onye (person who...)

Were Eniyan (mad person) Onye Ara (madness)

Enyin (elephant) Erin (elephant)

Dimkpa (strong man) Igiripa (strong man)

Wambi (come here) Bia eba (come here)

Kurombe (go away) Puoneba (go away)

Kene (greet) Ki (greet)

Alusi (the gods) Orisa (the gods)

Ifufu (wind) Efufu (wind)

Nata (return) Pada (return)

Ofe (soup) Obe (soup)

Nwu (die) Ku (die)

Anwu (sun) Oorun (sun)

Ebe (place) Ibi (place)

Akpara (basket) Akpere (basket)

Ifena aku (what time it is) Akoko (time)

Aru (abomination) irira (abomination)

Ebe kibi (where do you live?) Ibo longbe (where do you live?)

Giwa kwan (and you?) Iwo nko (and you?)

Udu miri (water pot) Odu omi (water pot)

Ebe (where?) Ibo (where?)

Let it ( ko) Let it (ko)




Yoruba Are 99.9% Genetically Identical To Igbos – Study


Genetic research finds that there is little genetic difference between most African ethnic groups and less so when they are closer together. A study published in the Bio Medical Center found there was little evidence for significant population substructure in the four major West African ethnic groups, the Yoruba and Igbo of Nigeria and Akan and Gaa-Adangbe of Ghana.


The findings, according to the team, “although not entirely surprising given the geographical proximity of these groups, provide important insights into the genetic relationships between the ethnic groups studied and confirm previous results that showed close genetic relationship between most studied West African groups.”

The study was conducted by Adebowale Adeyemo, Guanjie Chen2, Yuanxiu Chen and Charles Rotimi of the University of Ibadan, National Human Genome Center and Howard university. Analysis of Molecular Variance, AMOVA was used.

Adebowale et al made the shocking discovery that whereas there was 99.9% within-population variance, the between-population variance was less than 0.1%. This means that Yorubas, Igbos, Gaa and Akan are 99.9% similar as populations, while within each of the groups there are differences/variations between individuals as high as 99%, i.e. One Igbo may be 99% variant to another Igbo, or one Yoruba to another Yoruba.

http://newsrescue.com/yoruba-are-99-adangbe-study/#axzz4EytOCs6T



In other words, FUNDAMENTALLY SPEAKING, greater genetic differences exist within the ethnic groups than between them!

This was why shared language was NEVER a unifying factor to our ancestors!!

It is a 100% colonial concept!!!







[/quote]

Rossinnki:


The people!!!!!

Look, do you realise that 'Igbos' and 'Yorubas' are merely part of a much larger, ancient group that dispersed at some point in the past and found themselves in separate settlements, altering slightly over centuries of separation, the original common language they once spoke?

In fact, Igbo and Yoruba are virtually the same language, with a few pronunciation variations and word additions from other external cultural encounters.

LANGUAGE SIMILARITIES


Igbo Yoruba

Onu (mouth) Enu (mouth)

Imi (nose) Imu (nose)

Nti (ear) Eti (ear)

Gini (what) Kini (what)

Mbala (backyard) Abala (backyard)

Iba (fever) Iba (fever)

Agba (calabash) Igba (Calabash)

Okute (stone) Okuta (stone)

Aga (barren) Agan (barren)

Ise (amen) Ase (amen)

Ejime/Ejima (twin) Ejire (twin)

Osi (he said) Oso (he said)

Ka (big) Ga (big)

Siri (said) Soro (said)

Miri (water) Omi (water)

Odinma (it is good) Oda (it is good)

Ewu (goat) Ewure (goat)

Awi (grey hair) Ewu (grey hair)

Okunrin (man) Okenye (man)

Obinrin (woman) Aborun (woman)

Owambe (it is there) Onoeba (it is there)

Eniyan (person who..) Onye (person who...)

Were Eniyan (mad person) Onye Ara (madness)

Enyin (elephant) Erin (elephant)

Dimkpa (strong man) Igiripa (strong man)

Wambi (come here) Bia eba (come here)

Kurombe (go away) Puoneba (go away)

Kene (greet) Ki (greet)

Alusi (the gods) Orisa (the gods)

Ifufu (wind) Efufu (wind)

Nata (return) Pada (return)

Ofe (soup) Obe (soup)

Nwu (die) Ku (die)

Anwu (sun) Oorun (sun)

Ebe (place) Ibi (place)

Akpara (basket) Akpere (basket)

Ifena aku (what time it is) Akoko (time)

Aru (abomination) irira (abomination)

Ebe kibi (where do you live?) Ibo longbe (where do you live?)

Giwa kwan (and you?) Iwo nko (and you?)

Udu miri (water pot) Odu omi (water pot)

Ebe (where?) Ibo (where?)

Let it ( ko) Let it (ko)




Yoruba Are 99.9% Genetically Identical To Igbos – Study


Genetic research finds that there is little genetic difference between most African ethnic groups and less so when they are closer together. A study published in the Bio Medical Center found there was little evidence for significant population substructure in the four major West African ethnic groups, the Yoruba and Igbo of Nigeria and Akan and Gaa-Adangbe of Ghana.


The findings, according to the team, “although not entirely surprising given the geographical proximity of these groups, provide important insights into the genetic relationships between the ethnic groups studied and confirm previous results that showed close genetic relationship between most studied West African groups.”

The study was conducted by Adebowale Adeyemo, Guanjie Chen2, Yuanxiu Chen and Charles Rotimi of the University of Ibadan, National Human Genome Center and Howard university. Analysis of Molecular Variance, AMOVA was used.

Adebowale et al made the shocking discovery that whereas there was 99.9% within-population variance, the between-population variance was less than 0.1%. This means that Yorubas, Igbos, Gaa and Akan are 99.9% similar as populations, while within each of the groups there are differences/variations between individuals as high as 99%, i.e. One Igbo may be 99% variant to another Igbo, or one Yoruba to another Yoruba.

http://newsrescue.com/yoruba-are-99-adangbe-study/#axzz4EytOCs6T



In other words, FUNDAMENTALLY SPEAKING, greater genetic differences exist within the ethnic groups than between them!

This was why shared language was NEVER a unifying factor to our ancestors!!

It is a 100% colonial concept!!!

i don't think igbos and yorubas are related apart from their languages belonging to the same language family,,,
i've stayed in the north and i was amazed how some words coincidentally sound alike while having a similar meaning in both igbo and hausa,,
some fews words sounding alike is not a good parameter to measure ancestry

0m0nnakoda:



And Africa is all about Yorubas?
You are not well informed on this subject, that much is evident immediately.
Just remove the term African because it is impossible to define here.


Anyhow there is no other way of existence other than ethnic identity anywhere on earth.
There are strong and weak affinities but affinities exist.
During the slave trade for example this was very important.
Hence we have tribal marks.
Even your Yoruba example is wrong.
There were identities like Ekiti,Ijebu,Egba etc and that is why the term EMPIRE is used to describe Oyo.
That is why they have Orikis
They saw themselves as nations and the YORUBA originally were the Oyo. What colonisation did was to extend that term to Ekitis,Ijebus,etc who all previously used it to refer to Oyo
The Fulani identity is of existential importance to their nomadic ways, ditto for the Masai.
Even in Calabar province there is clear identity awareness

This one is just arguing with himself.

Please, take your problem to the various world class researchers who wrote Encyclopeadia Britannicca and other respected sources. They've told you the deal. Stay there arguing with the wind.

Antivirus92:
i don't think igbos and yorubas are related apart from their languages belonging to the same language family,,,
i've stayed in the north and i was amazed how some words coincidentally sound alike while having a similar meaning in both igbo and hausa,,
some fews words sounding alike is not a good parameter to measure ancestry

So what does it measure then? First of all, that study I posted above shows 99.9% genetic similarity between ''Yoruba'' and ''Igbo'' people.

So language is just a tiny criteria in the measure.

Look man. Our original history goes all the way back to Egypt, Nubia, and the so-called Middle East.

Our originally united people spoke a common language there, and migrated southwards from those lands in antiquity, fleeing desertification and foreign invasions from Assyria, then Greece, then Rome, then finally Arabs. 'Igbos' may have come via East Africa, and northern Cameroun, while 'Yorubas' appear to have taken a more direct route from Egypt and Nubia (Sudan).

As we fled we split into various groupings, each of which settled briefly in various lands on its southern journey. Centuries later they finally all landed in the southern Nigerian forest regions, well away from the foreign invaders and arid deserts. (The Sahara was once a fertile, peopled region by the way)

On their newly settled regions, they now speak different languages, which are somehow mysteriously similar, using the exact same words and terminology for most common terms!

But the elders know the ancient connections, even if the rabble don't.

Rossinnki:


The people!!!!!

Look, do you realise that 'Igbos' and 'Yorubas' are merely part of a much larger, ancient group that dispersed at some point in the past and found themselves in separate settlements, altering slightly over centuries of separation, the original common language they once spoke?

In fact, Igbo and Yoruba are virtually the same language, with a few pronunciation variations and word additions from other external cultural encounters.

LANGUAGE SIMILARITIES


Igbo Yoruba

Onu (mouth) Enu (mouth)

Imi (nose) Imu (nose)

Nti (ear) Eti (ear)

Gini (what) Kini (what)

Mbala (backyard) Abala (backyard)

Iba (fever) Iba (fever)

Agba (calabash) Igba (Calabash)

Okute (stone) Okuta (stone)

Aga (barren) Agan (barren)

Ise (amen) Ase (amen)

Ejime/Ejima (twin) Ejire (twin)

Osi (he said) Oso (he said)

Ka (big) Ga (big)

Siri (said) Soro (said)

Miri (water) Omi (water)

Odinma (it is good) Oda (it is good)

Ewu (goat) Ewure (goat)

Awi (grey hair) Ewu (grey hair)

Okunrin (man) Okenye (man)

Obinrin (woman) Aborun (woman)

Owambe (it is there) Onoeba (it is there)

Eniyan (person who..) Onye (person who...)

Were Eniyan (mad person) Onye Ara (madness)

Enyin (elephant) Erin (elephant)

Dimkpa (strong man) Igiripa (strong man)

Wambi (come here) Bia eba (come here)

Kurombe (go away) Puoneba (go away)

Kene (greet) Ki (greet)

Alusi (the gods) Orisa (the gods)

Ifufu (wind) Efufu (wind)

Nata (return) Pada (return)

Ofe (soup) Obe (soup)

Nwu (die) Ku (die)

Anwu (sun) Oorun (sun)

Ebe (place) Ibi (place)

Akpara (basket) Akpere (basket)

Ifena aku (what time it is) Akoko (time)

Aru (abomination) irira (abomination)

Ebe kibi (where do you live?) Ibo longbe (where do you live?)

Giwa kwan (and you?) Iwo nko (and you?)

Udu miri (water pot) Odu omi (water pot)

Ebe (where?) Ibo (where?)

Let it ( ko) Let it (ko)




Yoruba Are 99.9% Genetically Identical To Igbos – Study


Genetic research finds that there is little genetic difference between most African ethnic groups and less so when they are closer together. A study published in the Bio Medical Center found there was little evidence for significant population substructure in the four major West African ethnic groups, the Yoruba and Igbo of Nigeria and Akan and Gaa-Adangbe of Ghana.


The findings, according to the team, “although not entirely surprising given the geographical proximity of these groups, provide important insights into the genetic relationships between the ethnic groups studied and confirm previous results that showed close genetic relationship between most studied West African groups.”

The study was conducted by Adebowale Adeyemo, Guanjie Chen2, Yuanxiu Chen and Charles Rotimi of the University of Ibadan, National Human Genome Center and Howard university. Analysis of Molecular Variance, AMOVA was used.

Adebowale et al made the shocking discovery that whereas there was 99.9% within-population variance, the between-population variance was less than 0.1%. This means that Yorubas, Igbos, Gaa and Akan are 99.9% similar as populations, while within each of the groups there are differences/variations between individuals as high as 99%, i.e. One Igbo may be 99% variant to another Igbo, or one Yoruba to another Yoruba.

http://newsrescue.com/yoruba-are-99-adangbe-study/#axzz4EytOCs6T



In other words, FUNDAMENTALLY SPEAKING, greater genetic differences exist within the ethnic groups than between them!

This was why shared language was NEVER a unifying factor to our ancestors!!

It is a 100% colonial concept!!!

There are many things that are put into consideration before a group of people are considered an ethnic group
language,tradition,religion,proximity,physical appearance etc
Ethnicity is real, smaller groups have always been absorbed by the larger ones. If some small group of people pointing to their origin outside their immediate ethnic group is the reason why you said language is not a good yardstick to measure one's ancestry, then yes, migrations did occur in the past.
But know it that people did not just wake up having the same language, custom and tradition etc
ethnic groups are real!

Rossinnki:


So what does it measure then? First of all, that study I posted above shows 99.9% genetic similarity between ''Yoruba'' and ''Igbo'' people.

So language is just a tiny criteria in the measure.

Look man. Our original history goes all the way back to Egypt, Nubia, and the so-called Middle East.

Our originally united people spoke a common language there, and migrated southwards from those lands in antiquity, fleeing desertification and foreign invasions from Assyria, then Greece, then Rome, then finally Arabs. Igbos may have come via East Africa, and northern Cameroun, while Yorubas appear rto have taken a more dirct route from Egypt and Nubia (Sudan).

As we fled we split into various groupings, each of which settled in various other lands on its southern journey. Centuries later they finally all landed in the southern Nigerian forest regions, well away from the foreign invaders and arid deserts. (The Sahara was once a fertile, peopled region by the way)

On their newly settled regions, they now speak different languages, which are somehow mysteriously similar, using the exact same worlds for most common terms!

But the elders know the ancient connections, even if the rabble don't.

All these things you wrote are just assumptions and nothing more,
You find it difficult to believe that a group of people who live closely together ,speak same language, share similar culture are related but you believed that people living very far away from each other with some few words of their languages sounding alike and having similar meaning are related?

^^I don't think you understand..

Antivirus92:
There are many things that are put into consideration before a group of people are considered an ethnic group - language, tradition, religion, proximity, physical appearance etc

Considered by whom? That is the question!

Certainly not by our ancestors!

The only thing that bound a people together as one in the past was lineage. Tracing themselves to a common ancestor.

Anything else was irrelevant. If people of one lineage happened to speak one language, or one dialect of a language, fine. But it was not the language or dialect they spoke that united them. It was the lineage.

In decentralized societies like 'Igboland', if you were of a different lineage, say from a community that settled 20 miles away, you considered them more a less a foreign country, despite the fact that you both spoke Igbo.

That is how it was before the colonial era.

Remember in Things Fall Apart?

Umuofia and Mbaino?

These two communities were NEIGHBOURS, but they actually acted like they were two different countries:

Excerpts:


''Ogbuefi Ezeugo was a powerful orator and was always chosen to speak on such occasions. He moved his hand over his white head and stroked his white beard. He then adjusted his cloth, which was passed under his right arm-pit and tied above his left shoulder.

“Umuofia kwenu”, he bellowed a fifth time, and the crowd yelled in answer. And then suddenly like one possessed he shot out his left hand and pointed in the direction of Mbaino, and said through gleaming white teeth firmly clenched: “Those sons of wild animals have dared to murder a daughter of Umuofia.”

He threw his head down and gnashed his teeth, and allowed a murmur of suppressed anger to sweep the crowd. When he began again, the anger on his face was gone and in its place a sort of smile hovered, more terrible and more sinister than the anger. And in a clear unemotional voice he told Umuofia how their daughter had gone to market at Mbaino and had been killed. That woman, said Ezeugo, was the wife of Ogbuefi Udo, and he pointed to a man who sat near him with a bowed head. The crowd then shouted with anger and thirst for blood.''

-Things Fall Apart, China Achebe


See, these are clearly not ''one people'', or people of ''one ethnic group''.

Such a concept was totally alien to them.

.

Beachside:
All indices point to the fact that Nigeria is a failed state with an even bleaker future with the caliber of it's citizenry. The educational and social systems are failure. That's what happens when people fail to look at the foundation and causes of things and also fail to use their brains to do the right thing .

Dude please carry your nonsense elsewhere. Don't go and hustle like your mates. Mr failed state.

.

Rossinnki:
This is not just about Igbos, even though Igbos draw attention because of IPOB's ethnicity-based secession ideology.

But here's what research equally says about Yorubas:

''The Yoruba have shared a common language and culture for centuries but were probably never a single political unit. They seem to have migrated from the east to their present lands west of the lower Niger River more than a millennium ago.''

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Yoruba


The same is true of Hausas:

''Because of their wide geographical distribution and intermarriage and interaction with different peoples, the Hausa are a heterogeneous people, with a variety of cultural and physical features as well as diverse histories.'' [In plain English, they are not One people]

https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences-and-law/anthropology-and-archaeology/people/hausa


Same is true of the Edo people:

''Edo-speaking peoples include not only the Edo proper but also the Ishan, the Etsako, the Ivbiosakon, the Akoko Edo, the Ineme, the Urhobo, and the Isoko.'' [in plain English, there's nothing like an ''Edo ethnic group'' or ''Edo tribe''. What we have are ''Edo-speaking peoples'']


https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/asia/japanese-political-geography/edo
.
.

It goes on and on...

Nigerians, Isn't it a shame that the white man knows your history better than you?

And then some of us, when we try to educate you, we are met by abuse and curses?

Why are you allergic to the truth?

Which is that THERE IS NO BASIS for the ethnicity you practise today.

ZERO BASIS.

It's all a colonial CON JOB to divide us.

And boy did they succeed.

Read those quotes above one more time.

They are telling you (in so much big grammar) that before they invaded & colonised you, you did not differentiate yourselves on ethnic basis!

Not only that. You did not identify yourselves on ethnic basis.

Heck, our ancestors likely considered it an abomination to do so.

Every day you wake up, and see yourself as an ''Igbo man'', or a ''Yoruba man'', or a ''Hausa man'', especially in opposition to other so-called ''ethnic groups'', you are simply acting out the colonialist's agenda. The agenda of Babylon. You are being a slave and a robot to European political machination. A very TRIBUTE to European social engineering, and a vivid, sad demonstration of your colonial conquest and conditioning.



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ff_7HsTYHnw

Why do you not take this your idiotic slide to English, Scottish, Walsh and Irish? Even the names of the people from these groups indicate their ethnic background.

Rossinnki:


Considered by whom? That is the question!

Certainly not by our ancestors!

The only thing that bound a people together as one in the past was lineage. Tracing themselves to a common ancestor.

Anything else was irrelevant. If people of one lineage happened to speak one language, or one dialect of a language, fine. But it was not the language or dialect they spoke that united them. It was the lineage.

In decentralized societies like 'Igboland', if you were of a different lineage, say from a community that settled 20 miles away, you considered them more a less a foreign country, despite the fact that you both spoke Igbo.

That is how it was before the colonial era.

Remember in Things Fall Apart?

Umuofia and Mbaino?

These two communities were NEIGHBOURS, but they actually acted like they were two different countries:

Excerpts:


''Ogbuefi Ezeugo was a powerful orator and was always chosen to speak on such occasions. He moved his hand over his white head and stroked his white beard. He then adjusted his cloth, which was passed under his right arm-pit and tied above his left shoulder.

“Umuofia kwenu”, he bellowed a fifth time, and the crowd yelled in answer. And then suddenly like one possessed he shot out his left hand and pointed in the direction of Mbaino, and said through gleaming white teeth firmly clenched: “Those sons of wild animals have dared to murder a daughter of Umuofia.”

He threw his head down and gnashed his teeth, and allowed a murmur of suppressed anger to sweep the crowd. When he began again, the anger on his face was gone and in its place a sort of smile hovered, more terrible and more sinister than the anger. And in a clear unemotional voice he told Umuofia how their daughter had gone to market at Mbaino and had been killed. That woman, said Ezeugo, was the wife of Ogbuefi Udo, and he pointed to a man who sat near him with a bowed head. The crowd then shouted with anger and thirst for blood.''

-Things Fall Apart, China Achebe


See, these are clearly not ''one people'', or people of ''one ethnic group''.

Such a concept was totally alien to them.

intra- tribal war has been in existence for centuries, we are constantly at loggerheads with each other as humans. Even siblings do fight amongst them sometimes bitterly.
scandinavians(denmark,sweden,norway) are know to be of the same origin but in the past they always figh amongst themselves.
igbos are of the same origin before some other groups came and got assimilated.

Rossinnki:


So what does it measure then? First of all, that study I posted above shows 99.9% genetic similarity between ''Yoruba'' and ''Igbo'' people.

So language is just a tiny criteria in the measure.

Look man. Our original history goes all the way back to Egypt, Nubia, and the so-called Middle East.

Our originally united people spoke a common language there, and migrated southwards from those lands in antiquity, fleeing desertification and foreign invasions from Assyria, then Greece, then Rome, then finally Arabs. 'Igbos' may have come via East Africa, and northern Cameroun, while 'Yorubas' appear to have taken a more direct route from Egypt and Nubia (Sudan).

As we fled we split into various groupings, each of which settled briefly in various lands on its southern journey. Centuries later they finally all landed in the southern Nigerian forest regions, well away from the foreign invaders and arid deserts. (The Sahara was once a fertile, peopled region by the way)

On their newly settled regions, they now speak different languages, which are somehow mysteriously similar, using the exact same words and terminology for most common terms!

But the elders know the ancient connections, even if the rabble don't.

Save us the beer parlour science and fake studies 99.9 %?
What does that mean?
You think you are in a beer parlour.
There is not 99.9 % genetic similarity between brothers of the same parents so stop trying to spread fake studies

0m0nnakoda:

Save us the beer parlour science and fake studies 99.9 %?
What does that mean?
You think you are in a beer parlour.
There is not 99.9 % genetic similarity between brothers of the same parents so stop trying to spread fake studies

Don't be dumb. Did you even go through the link? These studies were conducted by scholars, not motor park touts.


http://venturesafrica.com/controversies-trail-canadian-prime-ministers-visit-to-africa/

https://newsrescue.com/yoruba-are-99-adangbe-study/#axzz4EytOCs6T

Beachside:
You are an old fool with lack of insight . You reason like the monkey you are.

An African is a monkey to a brainwashed slave.

We understand..

Rossinnki:


An African is a monkey to a brainwashed slave.

We understand..

So according to your logic, ethnicity was invented by the colonialists and is therefore evil and “unAfrican” (whatever that means) but Nigeria itself which was conceived, midwifed, birthed and even suckled by these same colonialists is somehow the embodiment of African virtues and good.

Somehow, according to your reasoning (to stretch the meaning of that term) a poisonous tree can produce both good and bad fruits.

Just stay where you are,Kamalu has an important message for you.

This doesn't make sense.

Tribal communities existed way before national entities in Africa, otherwise the colonialists of various stripes wouldn't have gone to Africa to perform amalgamation of various ethnicities.

The Yorubas which I'm guessing you know naught of, were already a nation on their own.

Even though they had internal bickerings, they recognized themselves as having the same progenitor, having the same language, and sharing the same history as a people.

Saying that ethnic affiliation which has survived centuries and centuries is inferior to some faux-nation created by white supremacists mainly for their own convenience makes absolutely no sense.

There are tribes today in Plateau state who go around stark naked and have no idea whatsoever that they belong to some entity called Nigeria.

They are totally removed from the political and socio-cultural boiling pot called Nigeria. Yet, they live in Plateau state of Nigeria as an entity.

It is not by force that Nigeria should remain one. It was an experiment. It has failed woefully as we have shown that we are a people who can't learn from history.

It's done and dusted.

We should now move on.

Clinging to a country that has refused to walk, not to talk of joining it's mates soaring in the skies is downright sad and pathetic really, for all concerned.

If the Yorubas don't know yet that they need to start working towards an Oodua Republic, I'll just chill where I am and watch the light dawn on them when it will.

Nigeria CANNOT succeed. Nigeria CANNOT work.

It is heartbreaking to admit that, but we should get over ourselves already and face the facts.

A country where the second daughter of the president can use a whole security department like the DSS to harass and lock up a citizen like herself just because he bought a SIM card to use for his phone?

Next!

danvon:
What are your contradictory posts

Wikipedia can be edited by anyone.

The word Yoruba was not originated by the Hausa or the Fulani. The word predates them.

That they used it doesn't mean they originated it.

Even the pictures you posted said they popularized it at some point. Popularization of a concept doesn't mean initiator or generator of that idea.

If you want to know where that word comes from, you'll have to truly dig in places where merely curious and passing glance will not think to search.

For example, here's an excerpt written many years ago about the Yoruba people: