Hybrid cars are vehicles that use both gasoline and electricity for power. Hybrid cars use both electric motors and gasoline engines to make the vehicle move. In other words, sometimes the car is solely powered by the electric motor, whereas other times it is solely powered by the gas engine. In some cases, it is powered by both the gas engine and electric motor at the same time.

Almost all the automakers in the U.S. offer some form of a hybrid car and they can range from supercars like the Porsche 918 to minivans like the Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid and pickup trucks like the Ram 1500.

What kinds of hybrid cars are there?
To understand how hybrid cars work, it’s important to learn about the different types of hybrid vehicles. There are four kinds of hybrid cars on the road today. They include:

Parallel hybrid cars – also called just hybrid cars: These cars are the most common type of hybrid and offer an electric motor that works in parallel with a gasoline engine to propel the vehicle. The most common example of this kind of hybrid is a Toyota Prius. Parallel hybrids propel a car in one of three ways:
The electric motor and gasoline engine work together to power the wheels
Just the gasoline engine powers the wheels in certain situations
Just the electric motor powers the wheels in certain situations
Mild Hybrid, Micro Hybrid, or Light Hybrid cars: These are vehicles that sit between full hybrid cars and battery-powered electric vehicles or EVs. The battery is generally used to give an added boost to the gasoline engine. These engines generally don’t offer as much fuel efficiency or savings as a full hybrid vehicle, but they do help increase range for more conventional vehicles. Many new cars on the road today use some form of a mild hybrid system. An example of a mild hybrid car would be the 2020 Mercedes-Benz GLE.

Plug-in hybrid cars or PHEV cars: These are cars that are a blend of a hybrid and an electric vehicle or EV. In order to fully charge a PHEV car, you need to plug it in. Some have gasoline engines and a PHEV system. On short drives, the car uses the battery power to propel the car. On longer drives, the gasoline engine kicks in. An example of a Plug-in hybrid car would be a 2019 Chevrolet Volt or a 2019 Kia Niro.

Series hybrid cars or Range-Extended Hybrids: These are vehicles that use the gasoline engine to recharge the battery pack for the electric motor so that the car can drive. The electric motor drives the wheels, and the gasoline engine simply recharges the battery so that the car can continue to go a little further. These vehicles run off of battery power and need to be plugged in to “refuel.” They only use the engine to recharge the battery. An example of this kind of hybrid would be a BMW i3 with the range extender gasoline engine.



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