What is diabetes?

Diabetes arises when your body isn't able to take up sugar (glucose) into its cells and utilise it for energy. This leads in a build up of excess sugar in your system.

Poorly treated diabetes can lead to catastrophic repercussions, including damage to a wide range of your body's organs and tissues - including your heart, kidneys, eyes and nerves.

Why is my blood glucose level high? How does this happen?

The breakdown of the food you eat into numerous nutrient sources is part of digestion. A simple sugar is produced in your body when you consume carbs (such as those found in bread, rice, and pasta) (glucose). It takes a "key" to transfer glucose from your bloodstream into your cells, where it will be used to fuel your body's various tissues and organs. insulin is the "key" or "help"

Your pancreas, which is positioned behind your stomach, produces insulin. Insulin is released into your bloodstream by your pancreas. As the "key," insulin opens the cell wall "door," allowing glucose to enter your cells. Fuel or energy is supplied to tissues and organs via glucose.

If you're diabetic:

It's possible that your pancreas doesn't produce any insulin or that it doesn't produce enough.
Or

In spite of the fact that your pancreas produces insulin, the cells in your body do not respond to it and hence cannot utilize it to its full potential.
It is impossible for glucose to enter the cells of your body, and as a result, your blood glucose level rises.

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https://medicalcaremedia.com/symptoms-that-tell-you-have-diabetes/