While many of the hangovers from our “devolved” past are visible or physical, this is not true for all. Humans have structures in their genetic make-up that were once used to produces enzymes to process vitamin C (it is called L-gulonolactone oxidase). Most other animals have this functioning DNA but at some point in our history, a mutation disbled the gene – whilst leaving behind its remnants as junk DNA. This particular junk DNA indicates a common ancestry with other species on earth, so it is particularly interesting.

I’ll start this list with a classic example of evolution which can be found in many textbooks. Originally, the vast majority of peppered moths (Biston betularia) had a light, mottled coloring which was a good camouflage against predators. Before the industrial revolution, a uniformly dark variant of the peppered moth made up 2% of the species. After the industrial revolution, 95% of peppered moths showed this dark coloration. The best explanation as to why this change in the species occurred is that the light moths lost their advantage of camouflage as light surfaces were darkened by pollution, and so light moths were eaten more frequently by birds. The peppered moth as an example of evolution has been attacked recently, usually as to the cause of the shift in coloration, but the example still stands as a major shift in a species caused by mutations leading to variation and natural selection.

Only-Rebel:


I have be doing justice to your inquest as inquired.

In the first place, how does the Universe come into beign?

How does the life itself form?

How has the Life and Universe Agree so perfectly in undiscribable array of evidence we have known since the day of our Integrated Science to college physics.

When the Big-Bang theory was first propounded, the materialist/atheist kicked against it because it will counter their believe that universe came about by accident. They counter that if indeed there was Big-Bang, then the earth must be expanding. Then a great discovery by great scientist called Edwin Hubble came to the rescue. Edwin Hubble discovered that the universe was expanding. Eventually he found evidence of the "the Big Bang", a cataclysmic event whose discovery forced scientists to abandon the notion of an infinite and eternal universe. Then In 1915, Albert Einstein had concluded that the universe could not be static because of calculations based on his recently-discovered theory of relativity (thus anticipating the conclusions of Friedman and Lemaitre). Shocked by his findings, Einstein added a "cosmological constant" to his equations in
order to make the answer compatible with the atheist view, because astronomers assured him that the universe was static and there was no other
way to make his equations match such a model. Years later, Einstein was to admit that his cosmological constant was the biggest mistake of his career.

So true. I've done an extensive research on the history of the Big Ban.g myself. Don't mind the "noise makers".
The only reason why Einstein did not convert to christianity is because he could not reconcile the perfect structure of the universe which points to a creator (a question of science) to the existence of evil in the world (a moral question). Though Einstein was in error, it should be noted that he was a witness to the misery of two world wars which must have shaken his belief on a personal God.

Here is what he has to say about Jesus Christ:

Albert Einstein received instruction in both Christianity (at a Roman Catholic school) and Judaism (his family of origin). When interviewed by the Saturday Evening Post in 1929, Einstein was asked what he thought of Christianity.

"To what extent are you influenced by Christianity?"
"As a child I received instruction both in the Bible and in the Talmud. I am a Jew, but I am enthralled by the luminous figure of the Nazarene."

"Have you read Emil Ludwig’s book on Jesus?"
"Emil Ludwig’s Jesus is shallow. Jesus is too colossal for the pen of phrasemongers, however artful. No man can dispose of Christianity with a bon mot!"

"You accept the historical existence of Jesus?"
"Unquestionably! No one can read the Gospels without feeling the actual presence of Jesus. His personality pulsates in every word. No myth is filled with such life."

So, although Einstein was not a Christian, he had great respect for Jesus, and recognized that He was an amazing figure in history. Personally having grown up as an atheist in a non-religious home, I initially saw Jesus as a brilliant teacher when I read the gospels for the first time at age 32.

So if the Big-Bang indeed happen then the universe must have evolve from nothingness. This was the submission of the early 21st century scientists. And furthermore this universe had a beginning, contrary to the view of materialism, which holds that "the universe has existed for eternity". The science world concluded that if indeed their was Big-Bang, then there must be "cosmic background radiation" resulting from the Big explosion. This radiation should be detectable and, furthermore, it should be uniform throughout the universe. Within two decades, observational proof of Gamov's conjecture was forthcoming. In 1965, two researchers by the name of Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered a form of radiation hitherto unnoticed. Called "cosmic background radiation", it was unlike anything coming from anywhere else in the universe for it was extraordinarily uniform.

In 1989, George Smoot and his NASA team sent a satellite into space. Called the "Cosmic Background Emission Explorer" (COBE), it took only eight minutes for the sensitive instruments on board the satellite to detect and confirm the levels of radiation reported by Penzias and Wilson. These results conclusively demonstrated the existence of the hot, dense form remaining from the explosion out of which the universe came into being. Most scientists acknowledged that COBE had successfully captured the remnants of the Big Bang.

The problem with atheist was that, if the Big-Bang should be firmly prooved, this will be a blow to their believe of accident universe formation contrary to Big-Bang pointing to creation of universe.

The science world firmly accepted the Big Bang which point to creation. 1 - 0 , against the materialist/atheist.

So we all accept the Big Bang Now. Good my first plane has landed.

Again, how did the Big Bang really form and the after effect? Here we go again...

A Zebroid is the collective name for any zebra hybrids, and comes about when a male zebra is crossed with a female animal from the equidae family. These hybrids never occur in nature, and many zebroids can be born with a form of dwarfism and are almost always infertile. There are many different animals that would fall under the Zebroid group, including the Zorse (Zebra and a horse), Zonkey (zebra and donkey) and the zoni (zebra and pony). These remarkable animals usually have the build of the female animal, and the stripes of the male zebra, although the stripes never cover their whole bodies, and is usually limited to the feet and legs, or can be found in patches over the animals body

The Dzo or yakow is a bovine Hybrid, and comes about from cross breeding a Yak with a domestic cow. The resulting animal is much larger than a cow or a yak, and is thought to be much more productive in milk and meat production. All the females born from this cross are fertile, and they can be bred back with either of the original species. The males born from this cross are always infertile. These animals where originally bred in Tibet and Mongolia as working animals, as they are a lot stronger than either of their parental counterparts.

The Cama was created in a laboratory in Dubai, and came from breeding a male Dromedary camel with a Lama. This animal was created with the purpose of making something with the size and strength of a camel, but with the easier temperament and higher wool production of the lama. Interestingly the cama are one of the few hybrids that are always fertile and this results from both the dromedary camel and the lama having the exact same amount of chromosomes. As the lama is six times smaller and lighter than a camel, the only way to obtain a cama is by artificial insemination, and there have only been about 6 successful cama births.

The Liger is a hybrid cross between a male lion and a female tiger, thus both its parents are from the Panthera genus, but from different species. Ligers are the biggest of all the big cats, growing to almost the lion and tigers combined size. They carry characteristics from both parents, for instance their love of swimming from tigers and their highly social behavior from lions. Nowadays, Ligers can only be found in captivity as their territories don’t overlap, but in history there have been stories of ligers found in the wild. Ligers were long thought to be sterile, but this theory was disproved in 1953, when a 15 year old liger was successfully mated with a male lion. The cub survived into adulthood, despite having poor health.

At Jungle Island, a theme park in Miami, you can see Hercules. Hercules is a huge liger, with a weight reaching over 410Kg. Hercules holds the Guinness World record for being the largest big cat in the world. He is very healthy and is expected to live a long and happy life.

Though the atheist/materialist did not take this without a fight. They later came-up with fallacious theories (like theory of EVOLUTION-The greatest lie still propagated in existence), the oscillating universe model and the "quantum model of universe. These were immediately counter by science world which most of its bright brains are atheist. The the Big Bang Theory now becomes a model.

The implication of Big Bang is this: If there was this great explosion, which gives birth to over 300 billion galaxies in the universe pride with different shapes and forms. And each contains about as many stars as the universe contains galaxies. One of these stars, the Sun, has nine major planets rotating around in it in great harmony. All of us live on the third of those planets counting from the Sun. Kindly examine, is there any disorder in the scheme of things. If there is no-one regulating the Big-Bang, with such great explosion there must definitely be a huge disorder and disarray. God is great!

If nothing else, humans are fantastic builders. The cities, roads, and factories that adorn our planet are a testament to that fact. What other animal could build skyscrapers, towering hundreds of metros above them? Or highways and roads stretching for thousands of kilometers? Some animals build too. Certain birds and apes build sophisticated nests, rabbits dig warrens to live in, and ants will even prune and cultivate trees to grow in a way which suits them as a home. The greatest builders, however, are Nigerian termites. They build fantastically huge mounds with internal ventilation, heating, and cooling systems through specially designed tunnels so that the termites living inside enjoy a pleasant climate at all times. They even have self-contained nurseries, gardens, cellars, chimneys, expressways, and sanitation systems. A termite is less than half a centimeter long yet its mound is 4m tall. For comparison, that is like a group of humans making a building over 1.5km tall.

Can all this harmony be by accident. If indeed is an accident what is the probability of this occuring. The mathematics of probability refutes coincedence. According to the great mathematicians, Roger Penrose, the odds against such an occurrence were on the order of 10^10123 (10 to the power of 10123) to 1. As we all know in elementry statics that the probability of 10^123(10 to the power of 123) = 0. This fact refutes atheist claim of accident universe.

Niflheim: If nothing else, humans are fantastic builders. The cities, roads, and factories that adorn our planet are a testament to that fact. What other animal could build skyscrapers, towering hundreds of metros above them? Or highways and roads stretching for thousands of kilometers? Some animals build too. Certain birds and apes build sophisticated nests, rabbits dig warrens to live in, and ants will even prune and cultivate trees to grow in a way which suits them as a home. The greatest builders, however, are Nigerian termites. They build fantastically huge mounds with internal ventilation, heating, and cooling systems through specially designed tunnels so that the termites living inside enjoy a pleasant climate at all times. They even have self-contained nurseries, gardens, cellars, chimneys, expressways, and sanitation systems. A termite is less than half a centimeter long yet its mound is 4m tall. For comparison, that is like a group of humans making a building over 1.5km tall.

See you because you are not a wide reader. Go see the wonder of the creation in bees how it builds it hexagonal honey comb with precision. Who thought bees to do this. Mind you bees started these when it is still presumed at infancy. I bet no-one can do this without their technical drawing tool, you forget that board we carry about as technical drawing student. Have you any thought about termitarium-the termite hill. These are the wonder of creation. Other animals did so much that man can't do. Have you thought of housefly manhouvering, upside down on the ceilling, ability to land on anything that is not stable and affirm stability, can fly and land from any direction. Has human made any helicopter of this capability. Continue with your ignorance. This world , I mean the universe is creation from God and all happening in it is inspiration. Atheist come down from your high horse.

Universe can't possibly be an accident have we thought of the creation of element that makes life possible. How Sun manages its factory utilising Hydrogen and Helium. How Red Giant produces its store of Carbon, one of the most important element in the periodic table which forms huge basis of life. There is wonder in the work of God. What is our thought about photosynthesis, ability of plant to produce the glucose as food for the sustenace of you and me, from the so called carbon. How water was formed with perfet covalent bond between Hydrogen and Oxygen. How your DNA has carbon molecules in its combination. Can all these be by accident? How water behaves different from other liquid in universe. Water that form the basis of life in its own right. Its viscosity, surface tension and ability to freeze from top to bottom as seen in ocean, unlike other liquid from bottom to top. Have we thought of implication of all these. Brother, these can't be accident. Have you thought of the capability of the earth roof (oxon), allowing the right rays to reach the earth. Have you thought of the ability of plant to use CO2 and give out O2, which animals consume. We will definetely be overwhelm if we start all these. The only problem of atheist is arrogance. All fact of existence point to an order that can't come by accident.

To all theists....until you can tangibly prove that the God of the Christian religion who you all so believed is the sole creator of the universe exists you have no proof whatsoever just a claim. Richard Dawkins is against organised religions and theistic doctrines nevertheless he suspected that for an intelligent design to exist there ought to be a intelligent designer but not the genocidal, infanticidal, megalomaniacal, Sadistic...God (Yaweh) of the Christian religion and ofcourse Allah of the muslims. Then again Dawkins views was of the reason that perhaps we may encounter God from the realm of scientific knowledge. As for me, I am only athesitic towards two of the three Abrahamic faiths. I remain a Neo-paganic deist. There's a particular aspect of the Yoruba ancestral belief system called 'ishegun' (craft of ogun) which is an embodiment of what some might erroneously called occultic knowledge/powers, satanic/demonic by Christian/Muslim religionists or arcane/esoteric knowledge by parapsychologists and metaphysicist. I call it African science. Ofcourse the white man: Newton who conceptualised a force that is responsible for pulling all matters towards the earth had no reason to think beyond the 5 senses and that is the limit of oyinbo man's science i.e. Physical reality but Africa man science specifically the Yoruba psychic/scientist popularly known as BABALAWO knows both the physical science and beyond for instance he knows how to make an object defy gravity. He's equipped with the ancient knowledge to know what and what to combine with certain incantations to achieve egbe (moving thru space and time aka teleportation), the babalawo knows what to do to achieve afeeri (invisibility; a technological feat modern science is eating billions of dollars to perfect in the field US millitary active camouflage where they attempt to bend and manipulate light waves, didn't they taught us waves are unbendable in science class?)

The logic is is fair enough that whatever can be proved by evidential demonstration can be accepted to be true. Jeovah God hitherto still remain a ruse. Same goes for Allah and Buddah. Ogun and Shango are damn true because I have experienced their effect if any Nigerian theists or pure atheists disagrees then its simple let all or any of our politicians and lawmakers desist from swearing by the holy books of the imposed foreign religions and make their oaths under the activated presence of Ogun, Amadioha or Shango and let all see what would happen whenever our money is embezzled or missappropriated. Ofcourse you all know that won't happen because Christianity and Islam brainwashed us that out ancestral deities are demons and agents of satan. But ask yourself if the word 'satan', 'demonic', etc are Calabar, Igbo, Yoruba? If the answer is NO then why would you agree to another white man's interpretation of our stuff. They should try and translate Ibadan to English too na!. So is also the soul just like one poster said up there somewhere that it's a theological proposition to shape the concept of a self entity that is divine property of another theological concept called 'God'. I have been researching about the human soul since I was like 13 and I can authoritatively say regardless of any religious meaning is just thd human 'mind'. A zombie is a souless body which doesn't think for itself nor capable of reasoning unless you command it to obey an instruction just like a computer. Now as human we can think, we can reason, we can deduce, we can exhibit all spectrum of emotions so therefore something must be behind all these sensibilities and we may conveniently ascribe it to the machinations of a concept called 'mind', however if one is to imagine it from an ethereal perspective as something tangible then it's called 'soul' from a theological viewpoint, so depending on what perspective you look at it, its still the same thing. Mind = Soul. In conclusion if a cloned human can think and reason on his/her own therefore he/she isn't souless.