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7. Sylvester Stallone
After seeing this name most of the “Rambo” and “Rocky” fans would get a shock that how could a rich and famous person like Sylvester be homeless. According to Total Film magazine, Sylvester said that he was broke and was basically sleeping in the port authority bus station for three weeks straight. Then he saw a wanted post in the paper about the film The Party at Kitty and studs who were paying $100 a day, he said that the offer was too good that he would do anything for it. So after working 2 days on the set he was finally able to get himself out of the bus station.

8. Jim Carrey
Jim Carrey is an actor, writer, producer and one hell of a comedian. He is my personal favourite comedian; due to his unimaginable talents he has won many hearts over the globe. But it sounds very sad to know that the famous Jim Carrey was once homeless. It was said that even his parents were so poor that they couldn’t afford a place either. While Jim was also struggling as an actor, he and his family, which includes elder brother John Carrey, elder sister Rita Carrey, and parents Percy Carrey and Kathleen Carrey were living in a tent in the backyard of the home of Jim’s elder sister Patricia Carrey who was married.

9. Harry Berry
Halle berry is an Oscar and Emmy award winning actress, and is famous for her role as Storm in X-Men trilogy. In 2007, Reader’s Digest had interviewed berry, in which she told the interviewer that after leaving home for the first time, while she was struggling as an actress she had to live in a homeless shelter. The reason was that her mother had refused to pay her anymore and had given her two choices, either to come home or find a way herself. The actress refused to go back and continued her struggle and now as we can see how successful she is. But not many can even imagine her being homeless.

10. Charlie Chaplin
Charlie Chaplin is a name known to many people. He was the person who had made people laugh their socks off for decades without uttering a single word. The reports were that Chaplin had a very sad childhood. In his early age he had felt a lot of pain as her mother had a mental breakdown because of his father’s death and they didn’t have any place to stay either. After getting famous Chaplin had made people laugh till his death. But from the inside he was still hurt. He often quoted that “I love to walk in the rain because no one could see me crying”.

SOURCE http://facthat.com/site/post/1689

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1. Daniel Craig
Daniel Craig is a British actor who is infamously known for his role as James Bond in the latest Bond movies. It was reported in Daily Mail newspaper, October 14, 2005, that Daniel was found sleeping in a park bench in London while he was struggling as an actor. Now after his big success no one could even think that Mr Bond was so helpless that he had to sleep on a park bench.

2. John Woo
John Woo is a Chinese born film director most widely known for his films, such as Mission Impossible 2, Broken Arrow, and Windtalkers etc. Mr Woo had to witness a brutal event which happened when he was seven. There had been a major fire in Hong Kong on Christmas day in 1953 which destroyed his home along with other 50,000 residents’ as well. He said that they had lost everything and had to live without a home for almost a year.

3. Michael Oher
Michael Oher is an American NFL football player, he is not much known to people as the famous football player. But is widely known because he was the subject of the 2006 book “The Blind Side”, which followed in becoming a movie and the life story of the player was revealed to the world. The movie stated Oher being homeless in his teenage years and had no place to go or had no one to look after him. He was adopted by a family who became very much supportive and brought out his hidden talents which were playing football.

4. Harry Houdini
Harry Houdini is a name known to anyone having slight bit of interest in magic or illusions. He is said to be the best magician who ever lived, and he even died while performing. He left his home at the age of 12 in search of work and had travelled for two years on his own making his way from Wisconsin to Missouri and finally settling in New York City. He said that during his two year journey, he had to live in streets, had to camp outside in the open or sometimes stay in shelters. But his struggle paid off and he got the title of the best magician who ever lived.

5. Hilary Swank
Hilary swank is one of my personal favourite actresses because she is very talented and has starred in some very good movies. I recently found out that at the age of 15 Hilary and her mother moved from Washington to Los Angeles by car because of Hilary’s auditions. They were in so much trouble that they had to live in their car until a friend helped them out by offering them a place. Her mother used pay phones for making appointments in the auditions. But now after the risky choice she had made at that time, it has finally paid off because she has become a successful actress.

6. Carmen Electra
Carmen Electra is an actress and a model. Her acting career is pretty much known by her spoofs of movies such as epic movie, disaster movie, meet the Spartans etc. In 2009, she gave an interview about her being homeless; she said not many people even knew about this. She said that in her early 20s her savings were stolen by her boyfriend. This resulted in her being homeless.

SOURCE http://facthat.com/site/post/1689

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In a historic move, Reverend Libby Lane is the first woman in England to be named a bishop. The Church of England’s stained-glass ceiling has been smashed at last.

On Wednesday, the Rev. Elizabeth Lane was named as the first female bishop in the Church of England, just a month after the church made a change to its canon law to allow female bishops. Beginning on Jan. 26, Lane will serve as Bishop of Stockport, an assistant bishop in the Diocese of Chester.

The Church of England first allowed female priests in 1992 and the battle to have female bishops began shortly after. Female bishops are already common in the Anglican churches in Canada, the U.S. and Australia, but in the Church of England traditionalists argued that only men should serve in the role of bishops, claiming it was sanctioned by scripture. Others argued that allowing female bishops was ethical and necessary to keep the church relevant. In July, the church’s legislative body, known as the General Synod, voted to allow female bishops and formally enacted a change to canon law in late November.

So who is the woman who will be the Church of England’s first female bishop?

Lane — who goes by “Libby” — was ordained as a deacon in 1993 and a priest in 1994 after being educated at the University of Oxford and trained for ministry at Cranmer Hall, a theological college at Durham University in north-east England. Since 2010 she has been the Dean of Women in Ministry for the diocese of Chester, a post created to support other women within the church. As a bishop’s selection advisor since 2003, she has spent the last ten years making recommendations to the church about candidates offering themselves for ordination.

Speaking at a town hall on Wednesday in Stockport, Lane said that it was a “remarkable day for me and a historic day for the Church.” She continued: “On this historic day as the Church of England announces the first woman nominated to be bishop I am very conscious of all those who have gone before me, women and men, who for decades have looked forward to this moment.”

The Archbishop of Canterbury, Justin Welby, has backed the push for women bishops. He issued a statement about Lane’s appointment on Wednesday, saying: “Her Christ-centered life, calmness and clear determination to serve the Church and the community make her a wonderful choice. She will be bishop in a diocese that has been outstanding in its development of people, and she will make a major contribution.”

Lane’s appointment, which was approved by the Queen, was also endorsed by the U.K.’s Prime Minister David Cameron, who congratulated Lane in a statement on Wednesday, saying: “This is an historic appointment and an important step forward for the Church towards greater equality in its senior positions.”

While Lane’s appointment is being lauded as a moment of progress, the church still has a way to go until it reaches gender equality. As the Guardian reports: “About half of female clergy are unpaid. They are also less likely to hold senior positions… [and] only three of the 44 English cathedrals are run by women today and the overwhelming majority of female clergy are not running their own parishes.”

But having a woman bishop is a significant first step. For her part, Lane seems to believe her new role could lead to further appointments for women, telling the Telegraph: “Today I pray will not be simply about one woman called up a new ministry in the church but much more than that, an opportunity to acknowledge all that has gone before and to look ahead to what is still to be done.” It’s that resolve to look to the future that allows other women to believe Lane won’t be the Church of England’s only female bishop.

http://time.com/3637369/church-of-englands-first-female-bishop/

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So mods no wan push this thread to the front page despite it's popularity
www.nairaland.com/1975957/15-facts-changed-since-primary

rottable:
can you explain the "purchasing power" better ? why is a particular commodity cheap in benin republic and expensive in nigeria?

http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity

15 "facts" that have changed since you were in secondary school.

https://www.nairaland.com/1975957/15-facts-changed-since-primary

11. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb: It is not clear who invented light bulbs, but they were being used as electric lights more than 50 years before Thomas Edison patented his famous invention in 1879. Edison only invented what became the world's first commercially viable incandescent light bulb.

12. Sugar causes diabetes: Sugar doesn’t directly cause diabetes, but consuming sugary foods can predispose you to diabetes. Sugar increases the quantity of calories in the body; too many body calories lead to weight gain and weight gain significantly increases a person’s likelihood to develop type 2 diabetes.

13. The Whites kidnapped Africans and sold them into slavery: This is not entirely true. Most slaves that were shipped into the Americas were actually captured by their own kinsmen and sold to the Europeans. At first, the Europeans organized abduction raids to capture slaves, but in no time they realized that it was too dangerous a venture since they were not familiar with the inland terrains. They subsequently found people that will do their dirty jobs. Local chiefs and merchants were given passed this responsibility in exchange for money and other privileges. At the height of the slave trade, this practice became a lucrative business along Nigeria’s Atlantic coast.

14. The United States of America is the world’s largest economy: That was until 2014. The US is still the richest country when measured by reserves and national wealth, but it no longer has the world's largest economy. To be precise, the United States officially lost its status as the world’s number one economy to China in October 2014, according to the International Monetary Fund. In the IMF's indices, China’s GDP is now worth $17.61 trillion compared with the US’ $17.4 trillion. The IMF’s calculation is based on purchasing power parity, which adjusts the GDP for inflation based on the fact that the prices of goods and services and cost of living vary from country to country. To make this simpler, assuming the economies of the US and Nigeria are both worth $100 currently, the Nigerian economy will be higher when measured based on the purchasing power parity, because you can buy a lot more things over here in Nigeria with a $100 bill than it the US. The purchasing power parity method of calculating GDP is preferred to the nominal method that does not adjust for inflation by most economists. However, when not adjusted for inflation, the US is still the world’s largest economy with a GDP worth $16.8 compared with China’s $10.3 trillion.

15. China has always been a poor country: For most parts of the last 2000 years, the Chinese Empire was one of the three richest States in the world along with the Holy Roman Empire and India. But following the weakening of the Holy Roman Empire by several bloody and costly wars, and the British invasion of India, it became the richest. It was only in the middle of the 19th century that things began to downhill for China. Its economy tanked and was overtaken by the newly-industrialized Britain and the United States. The cause of this downfall has often been linked to overpopulation, leadership crisis and conflicts with the Japanese Empire. China was then plunged into poverty and hunger, but that would only last for less than two centuries. Today, China has again become the world’s largest economy, though a great number of its population still live in poverty.

By @ChineduJayhson
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6. Humans evolved from apes: This is a great misconception that has stuck with us since the days of Charles Darwin and everyone has pretty much heard about it. According to his Theory of Evolution – which by the way is not generally accepted by scientists – humans and the modern-day apes evolved from a single now-extinct ancestor; in the course of time they began to evolve differently and eventually went their separate ways.

7. Mount Everest is the highest place on earth: Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world, but it’s not the part of the world closest to outer space. Here's the trick: the Earth does not have a perfectly round structure like the world globes you’ll find in most schools. Geographers call this anomaly an oblate spheroid, which means that the earth has a bulge towards the equator. As a result of this bulge, places that are close to the equator are higher up than places that are far away from it. Countries like Ethiopia, Kenya, Gabon, Colombia and the Democratic Republic of Congo that straddle the equator are higher up and they are actually closer to outer space than places that lie towards the north and south poles, like the Scandinavia, Russia, Canada, the United States and Iceland. Going by this, the title of the highest spot on Earth belongs to a mountain in Ecuador you may not have heard of. The unspectacular Mount Chimborazo in the Andes of South America has been identified as the highest point on earth and its closest part to outer space. The peak is in reality 1.5 miles higher than Mount Everest, because it sits atop the Earth’s bulge though it only measures 20,564 ft from sea level while Everest measures 29,029 ft. For the records, Everest is still the highest mountain in the world from sea level but if you are coming from space you'll encounter Chimborazo first before you'll encounter Everest.

8. Europeans brought Christianity to Africa: The world’s largest religion, Christianity, was brought to Africa around the same time it was brought to Europe. Mark, one of the 12 apostles of Jesus Christ, is credited by historians with bringing Christianity to Africa in 42 AD, about 12 years after the crucifixion of Christ.. There he founded the first church in Africa, the Church of Alexandria in Egypt. Here is a fun fact: Jesus Himself was recorded in the Bible to have been taken away to Egypt by Mary and Joseph as an infant during Herod the Great’s Massacre of the Innocents in Palestine where Jesus was born. Philip, another apostle of Christ, was documented in the Acts of the Apostles to have baptised an Ethiopian eunuch on the road leading to Gaza from Jerusalem in around AD 30, about two years after the crucifixion. It's not clear to historians and Bible scholars when Christianity was first preached in what is now Europe. Antioch, reputed to be the first place the followers of Christ were called Christians, is in modern day Turkey, the Asian part of Turkey.

9. The Bible and the Church believed that the Earth was flat: The idea that the Church in the Middle Ages believed that the earth was flat has been ignorantly taught in schools and published in many books. According to the notion, it was not until Genoese explorer Christopher Columbus had “sailed round the world” without "falling of the earth's cliff" and discovered what he believed to be South East Asia (which turned out to be North America) that the Church leaders came to believe that the Earth is indeed spherical. Contrary to this, Greek astronomers and pretty much everyone else then had known long before the birth of Christ that the Earth was spherical. The early Greeks were renowned astronomers who made predictions that are still correct today. The Bible also believed in a round earth. A quote found in Isaiah 40:22 says that “He (God) sits enthroned above the circle of the earth.” It was only a few scholars in the Middle Ages claiming to represent the whole Church that believed in a flat Earth.

10. Michael Faraday invented electricity: No-one actually invented electricity. It has been there since the beginning of the world. Electricity as a form of energy occurs in nature. A lightning bolt, for example, produces electricity.

By Chinedu Jayhson

A lot of things you were taught way back in your primary school days are no longer true today. Though some of them were correct at some point, the world has since moved on. New discoveries are being made by scientists on a regularly basis and old theories are subsequently trashed. Historians are stumbling on new documents and evidences everyday and history is being rewritten. The world is simply moving on.

Here are 15 surprising historical and scientific “facts” that are no longer facts in the world today:

1. There are six classes of food: Everybody was taught – and some are still being ignorantly taught – that there are 6 classes of food, namely: proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, fats and oil, minerals and water. This used to be true until nutritionists decided to increase the number a little bit. Officially, there are now SEVEN classes of food: proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins (or vegetables), fibers, fats and oil, minerals and water. Newcomer, fiber, is the indigestible portion of the food we eat that is derived from plants. What it does in the body is simply to alter or modify the way other nutrients and chemicals are absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.

2. There are nine planets in the solar system: Just as astronomers are discovering hundreds of planets all over the galaxy, the number of planets in our own solar system has been reduced from nine to eight. Pluto is no longer considered a planet. At 2006’s 26th General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union held in Prague, Czech Republic, Pluto was demoted to the status of a dwarf planet. It turns out that it’s just a huge ball of ice and rock orbiting the sun in an area beyond the planet Neptune known as the Kuiper Belt. There are over 70,000 icy objects in this Kuiper Belt, Pluto being one of them. Eris, another dwarf planet within the Kuiper Belt, was discovered by a group of astronomers in 2005. Eris was found to be even larger than Pluto and has approximately 25% more mass.

3. There are four oceans: That was until 2000 when a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, was controversially added by the International Hydrographic Organization. Since then, however, hydographers are yet to agree on its exact geographical coordinates, but most sources will tell you that it borders Australia and New Zealand to the south, lies just south of the tip of South America and completely surrounds the uninhabited continent of Antarctica. So there are now five oceans: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern and Arctic.

4. There are three states of matter: Old fashioned, not-so-enlightened teachers and university lecturers these days still teach that there are only three states of matter observable in everyday life: solid, liquid and gas. But according to physicists, plasma is another state of matter that is observable in everyday life. In fact, scientists claim that plasma is the most abundant form of matter in the universe, because most of the stars, including our own Sun, are in a plasma state. The neutron-degenerate matter, Bose-Einstein condensates, liquid crystals, superfluids, quark-gluon plasmas, quantum hall state, supersolid, string-net liquid, superglass and dark matter are some of the rare and theoretical forms of matter listed by physicists.

5. Humans have only five senses: Sight, hearing, touch, smell and taste are not the only sensory responses human beings exhibit. They can also have sensory receptors that detect and respond to pain (nociception), changes in temperature (thermoception), changes in balance (equilibrioception), position (proprioception), magnetic direction (magnetoception) and the passage of time (chronoception).