Emytexboy's Posts
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PunkyVeer:hmmm... is that how your panties looking? |
PunkyVeer:hmmm... is that how your panties |
AJCutie:I know what you're thinking |
I caught StephanieEzeh the nairalander last week sniffing my boxers .I don't know what to do to her. help |
StephanieEzeh:it's like you are immune to sniffing guys boxers |
when you talk ill of Biafra
|
koboko69: |
na waah for some people's comments
when I said I love her i was not mincing words. that's my feelings pls |
NinaNigeria:thanks |
Emeka Ugwuanyi
the new Moon showing multiple
colours like Biafra flag here in Benin
republic |
BALLOSKI:what different does it make,? |
Bight of Biafra
Inlet, Africa
Alternative title: Bight of Bonny
Written by The Editors of
Encyclopædia Britannica
Bight of Biafra, also called Bight
of Bonny, bay of the Atlantic
Ocean on the western coast of
Africa, extending east, then
south, for 370 miles (600 km)
from the Nun outlet of the Niger
River ( Nigeria ) to Cape Lopez
( Gabon ). The innermost bay of
the Gulf of Guinea, it is bounded
by southeastern Nigeria,
Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea,
and northwestern Gabon and
receives portions of the Niger
and Ogooué river discharges and
also the Cross, Sanaga, and
many other rivers. Within the
Bight of Biafra are several
islands, the largest of which is
Bioko , belonging to Equatorial
Guinea. Major ports on the bay
are Malabo (on Bioko), Port
Harcourt and Calabar (Nigeria),
Douala (Cameroon), Bata
(Equatorial Guinea), and
Libreville and Port-Gentil
(Gabon).
Between the 16th and the 19th
century the Bight of Biafra was
the scene of extensive slave-
dealing operations, based
mainly on the ports of Brass,
Bonny, Opobo, and Old Calabar
(now Calabar) in Nigeria. By the
1830s the palm oil trade had
surpassed slave trading, and it
has maintained its importance.
Petroleum, discovered in the late
1950s in the Niger River delta, is
a major economic resource.
http://www.britannica.com/place/Bight-of-Biafra |
The quest to look for those Jews of
Nigeria that an Ashkenazi Kew
described as part of the lost
Diaspora of Israel has led me to the
modern synagogues of the Igbos, in
Igbo-land, and in other parts of
Nigeria. The setting up of modern
Jewish communities/synagogues
by the Igbos deserve a story.
According to my friend who is a
Christian pastor; “if the compelling
evidence which exists and shows
that the Igbos are Jews, is not
enough, the starting of modern
Jewish synagogues by the Igbos in
fundamentally and semi-officially
Christian and Muslim Nigeria , is
still a marker/evidence that even the
reckless skeptic should not treat
with levity”. Because, to use his
words, “why would a people who
have nothing to do with Judaism
chose to become Jewish in a semi-
officially and very vibrant Christian
and Muslim country in Africa?”. In
Nigeria Islam and Christianity, and
their adherents receive support,
patronage and recognition from the
government.
Also worthy of mention is what I call
“Igbo Christianity”: the
Sabbatharian Movement, because
unlike the other brands of
Christianity that predominate
among the Igbos, it is Igbo inspired,
and in it could be found some
evidence of the Igbos’
Israelitishness. It has some
distinctive features that are
remarkably Jewish. Igbo
Sabbatharians observe all the feasts
that are in the Old Testament. And
they rest, shun work, and pray on
the seventh day of the week. This is
in sharp contrast with its
equivalents which were founded by
the neighboring Yorubas, Binis,
Ishans, and other Nigerians. My
discovery is that the Christianized
Igbos who founded this movement
threw off “Christianity”, sought to
return to what they thought was the
Igbo religion, and stopped midway.
They came up with a distinct and
new religion which has elements of
Judaism and Christianity. At least
one million Igbos belong to this
religion.
I have also traveled extensively in
Igbo-land while looking for the
Igbos who are still keeping to the
core religious tenets of Omenana.
As I have mentioned previously the
Igbo culture is called Ome na ana,
and is pronounced Omenana; which
literarily means- (“things that will
be done in the land/country”). The
members of this group are called ndi
ogo Mmuo (worshippers of the
Spirit). To the Igbos the Supreme
Being (Chi-ukwu), “Great God”, is a
Spirit. In 2008/9 I visited some
communities in the west of
Anambra State, close to the eri
clans. There the elders who are
mainly those still at home as the
rural-urban migration trends affect
the Igbos quite adversely, are still
full-time adherents of Omenana.
Their territory has not been
materially developed. The houses
are primitive. The roads are
unpaved. The area reminds visitors
of how Igbo-land looked like
hundreds of years ago. But the
people live long, and healthy lives. I
saw men and women that had
became centenarians walking stiffly
erect. When I asked them the secret
of their longevity, in a few words
they summed up what is central in
the Igbo culture; they live lives
based on avoidance of sinfulness,
and they try their best to keep
themselves nso (holy). A few of the
people are aware that the religion
that they are practicing is akin to
the religion of the ancient Israelites.
I will recommend the area as a good
location to archeologists,
anthropologists, historians, rabbinic
students, other religious studies
students, and other scholars who
are interested in studying how
ancient Israelite communities lived.
Because I had time I also looked at
the Igbos that became Christians.
These Igbos are more than the Igbos
who are not Christians, because the
British colonial administration all
but made acquisition of Western
education and Christianity the only
tools that could be used to gain
upward mobility in their
administration. Thousands became
Christians when the British ruled.
Today millions of Igbos are
Christians. These Christian Igbos try
to live as Christians, and as Igbos.
At events, you will see these
Christians starting by reciting
Christian prayers, and the Igbo
prayers which they call igo oji ,
because they conduct it with a meal
offering, which is standard Jewish
practice. When they want to get
married they get an Igbo marriage
which is a far cry from the authentic
Igbo inu nwanyi , which still has
some of the rituals that a Jewish
marriage has, including the huppah
(canopy). And they then get a
Christian marriage. And when they
die, they get a watered down
version of the Igbo mourning, which
is still very much similar to the
Jewish mourning, and their pastors
come to give them a Christian
burial.
In addition to the University of Basel
Social Anthropologist Dr. Daniel Lis,
some other Jews have joined the
effort to see the Jews of Nigeria . To
mention a few: Rabbis Howard
Gorin, Brant Rosen, Shlomo Oriel;
Dr. Jeffrey Davidson, Evan Green,
Hartley Springman, Karen Hudes,
J.Helz. Jeff Lieberman who spent a
considerable time among them has
released his film: “Re Emerging: The
Jews of Nigeria ” a few months ago.
And some Jews have joined the
effort to know more about the Igbos.
A very powerful team of Jewish
scholars led by Professor Isaac
Mozeson, and Avraham Phil Van
Riper is leading the effort to
compare the Igbo and Hebrew
languages because many parallels
and similarities have been found to
exist between the two. The
University of London scholar who
published “The Black Jews of Africa”
is presently raising support that she
wants to use to sponsor a DNA
study of the Igbos and the Jews. In
the month of September 2012 a
Northeastern University historian
published “The Jews of Nigeria : An
Afro-Jewish Odyssey”.
An Israeli musician, Irene Orleansky
is visiting Nigeria in the first or
second month of 2013 to begin an
important and fundamental work on
Igbo Jewish (religious) and secular
music, with Igbo musicians. I like to
think of her as following in the
footsteps of Paul Simon who
released ‘Graceland’, a
collaboration between him, and
notable South African musicians like
Hugh Masekela, and Miriam
Makeba.
The writer is the author of “The
Igbos And Israel : An Inter-cultural
Study of The Oldest And Largest
Jewish Diaspora”-
http://www.amazon.com/The-
Igbos- Israel -Inter-cultural- ebook/
dp/B008N2VHBI |
All the interviewees who were very
old men said that the Igbos were
Hebrews. Importantly, they were not
lettered in Western education, and
they had never been Christians, so
their testimonies are very valuable,
because some non Igbo persons
have suggested that because there
are no records (that they know of)
that mentioned Jews migrating to
the rain-forests of West Africa, that
the Igbos might have learnt about
Judaism from the Bibles that the
missionaries brought, when they
colonized the Igbos. This of course
ignores the salient evidence which
is that many important Jewish
customs which are Igbo customs
are not only not in the Tanach, but
also that many which are, are not
discussed at length in the Tanakh. A
topical example is celebration of
marriage under a huppah. This is
not prescribed in the Tanakh, but it
is a long-standing Jewish practice.
Igbo marriages only take place
under an okpukpu (canopy). I
recorded some of the sessions with
the priests and elders on DVD.
During one of the sessions they
enacted some Igbo practices which
observers have noted that they are
Israelitic.
Satisfied with what we found in the
inter-cultural study of Ome na ana
(Igbo culture) and Judaism, and
inspired by the evidence that the
Igbos more than likely moved into
the forests from a drought prone
area I decided to try to trace the
migration routes. To find out if there
are surviving evidences of Jewish
presence in the possible routes that
the Igbos used on their march down
from Israel to the forests of what
has become West Africa, I traveled
to the north of Nigeria , crossed into
Chad, moved up into the desert, and
surveyed some of the ethnic groups
and cultures that live in the desert
country. From Chad I veered west to
the Niger Republic, journeyed into
Mali, and stopped at the border
between Mali and Morocco. In all
the countries that I surveyed I met
interesting ‘tribes’. I met ‘Muslims’
who do not go to mosques at all. I
met Fulani, Tuaregs, Berbers, Arabs,
Hausas, Moors, many other desert
peoples, and a people who might
well be the intriguing and
mysterious Iddao Ishaak whom a
possible Jewish origin has been
ascribed to. Remember that old
Jewish, Arab and other writings
mention that there were Jewish
communities in the Sahara many
centuries ago. Scholars generally
agree that there were well
established Jewish communities in
the four great empires that rose and
blossomed in the Sahel Sahara
region: Ghana, Mali, Songhai, and
Kanem Borno. And, interviewing
some knowledgeable Hausa and
Fulani people in 2008, I was
informed that they heard from their
fathers and mothers that there
were Yehudawa in places like Kano,
Katsina, Rano, Gobir, and other
important Hausa cities, in olden
times. Yehudawa is the Hausa word
for Jew. Asked where those
Yehudawa are now, they responded
that they heard that they were asked
to leave after the society
experienced some changes. We
know that Askia Mohammed’s edict
that all non Muslims should convert
to Islam or to leave resulted in the
emigration of some Jews from
Songhai. History has not revealed
that a similar ploy was employed in
the Hausa States and Borno which
had both come under Islamic
influence more than 1250 years ago.
We are not also speculating that it
was strictly those Jews of the
Sahelian empires and kingdoms
that were expelled that became the
Igbos, but we are bold enough to
say that more likely than not, that
some of them ended up in what is
today Igbo-land, to join other
Hebrew émigrés already there.
People are drawn to water. Certainly
the rivers in what is Southern
Nigeria today would surely magnet
a people who are looking for a place
to settle, especially if there are
disturbances where they lived. Our
objective is to show that Jews
existed in the Sahel, and that there
were conditions that made them to
emigrate. Ismail Haidara who is a
Malian and lives in Mali presently is
a living testimony to this assertion
that there were Jewish communities
in Mali. Haidara is a descendant of
the Sahelian Jews. Another great
story is that of Yehuda (Judah)
Pasha, the man that led the
Moroccan army that sacked the
Songhai Empire. As I have
mentioned on several occasions; in
one of my earlier books, and in a
recently released film about the
Jews of Nigeria ; only a Jew would
have borne the name “Judah” in the
Maghreb, and in the Sahara many
centuries ago. The Arab variant of
Judah is “Yahuza”. So Judah Pasha
could not have been an Arab, a
Moor, or a Muslim. We can say with
some reasonable degree of certainty
that Judah Pasha was Jewish. A
Jew in the service of the Moroccan
sultan in power then. Hopefully one
day there will be academic interest
in this Jew who led an army into
the southern recesses of the Sahara,
as there is growing interest in
Christopher Columbus, that other
possible Jew, or New Christian who
discovered the Americas for the
Europeans. And it must be noted
that if there was one Judah Pasha,
there must have been countless
other unnamed ones. Also very
important to mention is that in old
Arab writings there were Jewish
communities in Kokia which was in
the Kanem Borno Empire, and which
is presently called Kukawa. Kukawa
is in the present day Yobe State of
Nigeria. In some of the places that I
visited I saw recognizable survivals
of Jewish culture. But because what
I primarily went to do was to
confirm if there was actually Jewish
presence in the Sahara, as pointed
out in some old records, and not to
conduct intensive studies on the
peoples that I found in the areas I
did not spend enough time studying
them in order to determine their
ethnic origins definitively. But in
some places such as Kukawa,
Maiduguri, and other areas of Borno
and Yobe, which were in the old
Kanem Borno Empire; the identity is
still very clear. There I met the
Shuwa, who are ethnically what?
Good old Arabs! They cannot
remember when they immigrated
into the Sahel, and what is today
Northern Nigeria . They are known as
Shuwa Arabs in Nigeria . In the same
area I also met the Kanuri, the (Beri-
beri), those descendants of astute
warriors whom Berber ancestry has
been ascribed to. When I met them,
interviewed them, and heard their
stories what came to my mind was;
if the Arabs whose entry into Africa
is relatively recent have reached
Northern Nigeria , why couldn’t the
Jew whose period of entry is so
ancient, have reached nearly to the
sea? The period of Jewish
penetration of Africa is so ancient
and lost in antiquity that the best
that scholars have managed to say
is that the ‘Jews entered in an
unknown time’,
Next I began to look at the
experiences of the Igbos, and to
compare them with those of the
Jews. After-all I was advised to
look at everything, and everywhere.
The unique experiences of the Jews
have been seen by many scholars in
many experiences of the Igbos.
Some Jews have even opined that
they hear echoes of the Holocaust in
the Igbo experiences between 1966
and 1970. Indeed the Igbos have
been addressed as “Jews” by their
Nigerian neighbours, and by many
foreigners before, and especially
during the anti-Igbo Pogroms in
Nigeria, and the Nigerian Civil War
which occurred in 1966, and
1967-1970 respectively, and in
which millions of Igbos died from
bullets, strafing and starvation.
I surveyed the Lost Tribes of Israel ,
and I published the book in 2004,
and updated and revised it two
years after. In 2007 I revised it
again. The revisions were primers
for what I like to see as my most
definitive work so far: my latest
book; “The Igbos And Israel : An
Inter-cultural Study of The Oldest
And Largest Jewish Diaspora”
which was released as an eBook on
the 1st of June 2012. In this I
decided to just concentrate on the
similarities between the Igbo, and
the Jewish cultures, because I
realized that all the topics that I
have been dealing with deserved
separate books. The book was
reviewed by many authorities on
Afro-Jewish studies including a
professor emeritus of the Harvard
University, a professor of the
University of Basel who earned his
doctorate with his groundbreaking
work on the contemporary
relationship between the Igbos and
the Jews. In this book I looked at
and compared Igbo culture and
Jewish culture comprehensively. As
the University of Basel
anthropologist put it in his review of
the book; ‘In his book, Ilona focuses
on Igbo rituals during life cycle
events (chapter one). Those include
the rituals surrounding the birth of
children, eight-day circumcision of
males, seclusion of newly delivered
mother, marriage, levirate marriage
and so on. Remy also enters the
long debate about the Igbo
conception of a supreme God,
(chapter two); Igbo rituals
surrounding death (chapter three);
feast and festivals (chapter four);
Igbo social organization (chapter
five); Igbo understanding of clean/
unclean (chapter six); Igbo
sacrifices and offerings (chapter
seven); Igbo classes (chapter eight);
socio-religious customs (chapter
nine); Code of moral behavior
(chapter ten); Igbo code for crime
and other offenses (chapter eleven);
sexual behavior (chapter twelve);
the Igbo connection to the land
(thirteen); the importance of ritual
cleanliness (chapter fourteen); the
distinction between clean and
unclean food and ritual slaughter
(chapter fifteen); similarities
between Igbo and Semitic manners
of dress, (chapter sixteen); parallels
between the Igbo and the Hebrew
reckoning of time (chapter
seventeen); joining the Igbo and
Jewish peoples and leaving them
(chapter eighteen), a detailed study
of the organization of the Igbo
society (chapter nineteen), and
concludes (chapter twenty) with an
Igbo rhyme that actually resembles
the Jewish had gadya sung during
the Passover; the section that
relates what the Igbos and non
Igbos have said and written about
the Igbos Israelite origins; and
finally using Igbo agricultural
practices and lores he makes a case
that the Igbos actually migrated into
what is called Igbo-land presently,
from somewhere drier’.
By the time that I finished writing
the inter-cultural study I was sure
that I had found what numerous
Igbo scholars had discovered; which
was that the Igbos are the Jews of
Nigeria. Reinforcing this conviction
is the fact that no Igbo has been
able to prove convincingly that the
Igbos came from somewhere else.
In the words of two United States
based Igbos; Gavriel Ogugua, and
………..to |
Emytexboy:http://newsghana.com.gh/discovering-the-jews-of-nigeria/ |
By Remy Ilona
How did I discover that the Igbo
people who are up to 30% of the
Nigerian population are of Jewish
descent?
In 2002 I began to seriously
investigate the origins of the Igbo
people of Nigeria who have also
been known as the “Ibos”, and
during the Nigerian Civil War as the
“Biafrans”. I began by studying the
lore of the Igbo people. Their lore is
intriguing. Most of them talk about
droughts, famines, hunger, and relief
when the rains began to fall, in
ancient times. This is abnormal and
unusual for a people who are
thought to have ‘always lived in the
rain forests of Nigeria ‘, where the
real worry is about flooding and
erosion. Most parts of Igbo-land
have heavy rainfall for up to ten
months every year, and irregular
rainfall for the remaining two
months. Presently (at the time that I
am writing this story) large parts of
Igbo-land are submerged by flood
water. Accordingly, that droughts
and famines have become ingrained
in the collective memory of the Igbo
people certainly raises questions.
And careful examination of the
stories of droughts and famines lead
a researcher to observe that the
stories are intended to teach a
lesson. One can safely surmise that
the Igbo people must have passed
through experiences that were
remarkable and compelling enough
to make them to save stories of
droughts, and famines in their lore.
Based on the foregoing, and other
issues which I will bring up soon,
we can say with a certain degree of
certainty that those experiences that
made such an impact on the Igbos
were not experienced in the Igbos
present location, but in a place
where droughts and famines occur.
After making this observation I
decided to take a closer look at the
oral traditions of the Igbos.
Taking a closer look I saw what
could be seen as an Igbo version of
the “had gadya”; a rhyme sung by
Jews on the Passover Night. Every
Igbo child learns the nursery rhyme
which begins with ‘o gini mere nwa
aniga, nwa aniga o nwa aniga….’.
At this stage I began to think that
perhaps the Igbo claim of an
Israelite origin might have some
substance.
A prominent group of Igbos who
inhabit the Ubulu/Uburu clans
believe that they are descended from
Jacob’s son Zebulun. A principal
Ubulu clan is Ozubulu in the
Nigerian Igbo state called Anambra.
The Uburu Clan in Ebonyi State is in
this group. Another large group
believe that they descended from
Jacob’s grandson Menashe
(Manasseh). Several clans that
belong to this group have the word
‘ichi’ or ‘chi’ in their names.
Examples are the Nnewi Ichi Sub-
Clan, the Ichi-da Clan, and the Ichi
Clan in Anambra. The Ame-chi
Awkunanaw clan in the Enugu area.
And the Am nna –chi Clan in the
Igbo state called Imo. We also have
some group of clans that are said to
have Judahite origins. The Uda clan
in the Enugu area belongs to this
group. A large section of the Igbo
population that live in the western
part of the Nigerian Igbo state of
Anambra believe that they are
descendants of Eri, one of the sons
of Gad, who was a son of the
Biblical Jacob. Interestingly the
names of some of the families/clans
of the claimants have the prefix eri.
Prominent examples are Umuleri,
and Aguleri (Umu-eri, and Agu- Eri).
There is talk that the later were their
names, and that the l’s were added
by the colonizing British who could
not pronounce the Igbo names. And
the Nri clan which traditionally
provides a certain class of priests
for the Igbos very interestingly bears
an attribute that was allotted to
Levi; the priestly tribe of Israel .
Every knowledgeable Igbo agrees
that the Nri priests take precedence
in certain ritual matters among the
Igbos.
Reflecting on these actually spurred
me to begin a systematic study of
the Igbo people. With American
Jewish and Ethiopian Jewish
support I began to compare the Igbo,
and the Jewish cultures. I can recall
a great Ashkenazi Jew saying that
the research is worthwhile, and that
the ‘differences’ between the Igbo
and the Jewish cultures will
disappear if subjected to the
searchlight of real research, if the
Igbos actually came from Israel ,
because according to him; ‘the Beta
Israel (Ethiopian Jewish) culture
which was not influenced by
Rabbinical Judaism has been found
to be incredibly similar to
Rabbinical Jewish culture’. What he
was saying, put another way, was
that if Igbo culture is Israelite, even
though the Igbos were not
influenced by Rabbinical Judaism,
that the similarities to Israelite
culture would still be manifest. One
of the Ethiopian Jews recommended
that we look seriously at the
agricultural, food storage, and
religious practices of the Igbos,
because, according to him, they
would yield evidence of Judaism if
the Igbos actually came from Israel.
And one of my associates, an Afro-
American Israeli suggested that we
should look at everything, and
explore every cultural practice,
because according to him,
overwhelming evidence is necessary
to be found for the Igbos to be
believed to be descendants of Israel .
In other-words that the cultural
similarities have to be found to be
so many and significant that they
could not be said to be merely
coincidental. I like to think that what
he meant was that the Igbo culture
should be proved to be more similar
to Judaism than Arab culture. The
Arab peoples, the Edomites and
some other peoples are believed to
be ethnically close to the Jews, and
it is thus believed that their cultures
are similar to Jewish culture.
We began to work in earnest. The
first fruit of our labor was entitled
“Uri’s Travels”. The book is a
compilation of many Igbo traditions
centered around a legendary
Israelite soldier called Uri who
migrated to what is now Igbo-land,
and produced the Igbo people. This
book will be published soon, and a
screen play of it is been written by
an American Igbo- Israel activist.
Encouraged we began to look at the
cultural similarities. The results
came out, and are still coming out.
While working on my second book
“The Igbos: Jews in Africa”, I visited
Nri, the premier religious clan of the
Igbos which I had mentioned before.
I interviewed many of the priests
and elders. I asked them questions
about the origins, history and
culture of the Igbos. Their answers
were very enlightening. |
PrinceBundu: ![]() |
the mods can ban or remove it.who cares ![]() |
https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=506634972838447&id=100004758463167&refid=17&_ft_=og_action_id.506634979505113%3Atop_level_post_id.506634972838447%3Atl_objid.506634972838447%3Athid.100004758463167%3A306061129499414%3A2%3A0%3A1443682799%3A-6973337740921325821&__tn__=%2As |
Nnamdi Kanu traveling to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from Kuala Lumpur International Airport From eternity to eternity I will praise you Elohim. I join the angels of heaven in saying Nma! Nma!! diri gi Chineke, Onye kere elu-igwe na uwa. This is the highest praise that can be rendered unto you even as the angels circling your throne of grace in heaven will say. Your ways O'Lord is not that of man because you are immortal, invisible and the only wise. This morning, before the commencement of our Atonement unto thee here in the Far Eastern part of this earth that only you made; you decreed through your deeds that we must come to this place where this great journey started, in this land of Malaysia, to preach your word to your children that they may be healed and restored to the land which you gave to their ancestors in your Kingdom on this earth which is Biafra for their habitation. Accept every praise, glory and honour for journey mercy granted unto us from Hong Kong to Kuala Lumpur. We pray for your divine protection and everlasting love amongst we your chosen children IPOB scattered all over the world that we may be found worthy in thy sight. Renew and sustain us in this effort to bring adoration to your holy name through the restoration of the Republic of Biafra in our time......Iseee! Kuala Lumpur International Airport
|
FTC
.
BIAFRA THE GREAT |
iseeeeeeeeeeeee! |
In director;s voice, we're live and direct |
By Henry Umoru ABUJA- FORMER Director of Publicity, Peoples Democratic Presidential Campaign Organisation, PDPPCO, Chief Femi Fani- Kayode Monday lampooned the Convener of the Coalition of Northern Politicians, Academics, Professionals and Businessmen, Dr. Junaid Mohammed, describing his comments that President Muhammadu Buhari owes Igbos nothing as most most insensitive, cruel and Puerile. Responding to comments credited to Junaid, Fani- Kayode in a message to Vanguard noted that his statements that If the igbo feel marginalised they should attempt to break away again, was most uncharitable and careless, warning that if there was any attempt to butcher the Ibos or a repeat of what happened in 1966, it would be resisted by not only the Ibos, but by all Nigerians, with attempt to secede, which according to him, would be successful. According to him, the like of Junaid must learn from history, our mistakes, preach peace and peaceful coexistence, rather that boast and beat our chests for yet another round of war. Fani- Kayode reacting to a statement titled, ” If the igbo feel marginalised they should attempt to break away again”- Dr. Junaid Mohammed, The Punch Newspaper, 17th August 2015, said, “Given the immense suffering that the igbo were subjected to both before, during and after the civil war this is one of most insensitive, cruel and puerile comments that I have heard in recent times. “I daresay that if Junaid Mohammed’s Nigeria ever butchers over 100,000 innocent igbo civilians again, as they did in the north in 1966 just before the civil war, there will indeed be another attempt to secede, but this time it will not only be successful, but they will also take many others with them. “Rather than boast and beat our chests, we must learn from our history and we must never repeat its mistakes.” Dr. Junaid Mohammed, had in an interview in one of the national dailies( not Vanguard) , dismissed the sentiments shared by a former Governor of Anambra State that the Igbo have not been treated fairly in the governance of Nigeria. Junaid who noted that people of the Igbo nation have enjoyed favourable treatment, said it was wrong to reward the Igbo simply on the basis of the Nigerian Civil War, which lasted between 1967 and 1970. Mohammed had said, “If it is about Buhari making the appointments based on merit, I have no problems with it. I don’t believe Buhari or Nigeria owes any Igbo anything. I don’t care what Ezeife says; if they had seceded, there would have been no Nigeria today. As people who acted outside the interest of Nigeria as a country, to expect compensation is a very odd logic. “If the Igbo don’t like it, they can attempt secession again. If they do, they must be prepared to live with the consequences. Nobody owes them anything and nobody is out to compensate them for anything.” http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/08/if-igbos-are-butchered-again-nigeria-will-break-fani-kayode-warns/
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First and foremost, to take over
Owerri was impossible. Owerri is
the heartland of the Igbo nation.
The heart land of our domain.
Enugu is our foremost town which
was prepared by the colonial
masters as an administrative
headquarters. Just as Lagos is to
the West, even though Ibadan was
the heartland of the Yoruba. So,
also in the North, they have
Kaduna State, which now they
have Abuja, even though they
have Sokoto, Maiduguiri and
those other places.
Nigeria is centered on a tripod,
whichever way you push it, all
that come to the surface are the
Hausa nation, the Yoruba nation
and the Igbo nation. Each of these
nations has minorities. Today, all
that people talk about are the
minorities within the East, within
the Igbo nation because of
economic interest. If oil has not
been the main source of income
for the totality of Nigerians,
nobody would care how the Ijaws,
how the Itsekiris, the Ibibios,
Kalabairis, the Efiks and so on, are
faring. This is so because they’ve
been in existence before the
arrival of the Europeans.
http://thenationonlineng.net/biafra-did-not-surrender-achuzia/ |
We were also mindful of the fact
that during the pogrom in the
North, the majority of the soldiers
as far as the North was
concerned, Midwest was an Igbo
land. It was in fact an afterthought
when they tried to woo the Benins,
the Urhobo’s and so on, forgetting
that the Benins and Urhobos were
some of those they killed during
the pogrom.
So, ranging them against us by
pacifying them as they did when
they created Cross-River and
Rivers States, it was not done to
appease the North. No. it was
done to range them against the
Igbo people by telling them that
they were sufficient to be on their
own as states. And that they
should not be an appendage of the
Igbos. They even forgot that we
could have done the same by
moving into the North, bringing
the Middlebelt against the
Fulanis.
But we didn’t do that. So, that
was what it was like.
Okay, were all these part of the
blunders that prolonged the war?
Of course, yes. If we had played
the game the way Nigeria played
it, we would still be in the battle
field today. But our people have a
saying that the hen with so many
chicks doesn’t know how to run in
a battle situation.
At what point did the Biafran high
command begin to consider some
of the officers as saboteurs and
what did it take one to be so
considered?
In many war situations, the word
sabotage is a constant and
recurrent decimal. This is so
because not all believe in the
cause that brought about the war
situation. People have different
ideas and ideals. And some
people, according to their belief,
put themselves in the position
where they were either the
loyalists or considered anti-war
efforts. This was what gave rise to
the word saboteur. So it happens
everywhere and it occurs
everywhere.
You have nicknamed the Air Raid.
How did this name come about?
Oh, no, no. I can’t continue to
dwell on this.
But you’ve not told it to us before?
Okay, why I say so is that soldiers,
especially in a conflict situation
have the tendency for giving one
name or the other to their officers,
depending on the situation they
find themselves. So, they did that
when they wanted.
You didn’t start out as a
commissioned officer, but rose to
be a force to reckon with. How did
it happen?
No, no. you see, people don’t
seem to understand that
soldiering is an art. Just like
engineering or medicine, when a
doctor is made to be so. You
cannot just go into an operating
room, pick up your instruments
and begin to work, if you haven’t
been trained. So also in a war
situation. You cannot go into
battle field and carry out all the
norms necessary for an officer
who had been trained over the
years.
A civilian cannot plan war and
execute war. It requires a trained
military officer to confuse and
configure the situation and
operate. That is why many a time
people say what they like and I
don’t care. It doesn’t affect people
like me; I am not interested. The
situation occured within the
purview of my duty and I operated
just to show what I was trained
for. After that I retired into a
civilian life.
What really happened – did you
actually kill Haliday, the owner of
Silver Valley Hotel in the presence
of his wife and daughter as
alleged by General Alani
Akinrinade?
That’s a lie. You see, when the
war ended, Nigerian officers didn’t
know what to do about me. First,
they couldn’t reach me. Every
effort made to kill me did not
succeed. Haliday was a friend.
My house, before the war started,
was a stone’s throw from Chief
Haliday’s house. If such a thing
happened, why was it only at the
end of the war that we started
hearing that I was the one that
killed him?
I commanded; I took over in Port
Harcourt, when Port Harcourt was
falling. And all that participated
there will give testimony that I
never picked a gun and shot him.
I never picked my gun and shot at
somebody. Why should I? I had
soldiers who could do that. But
instead, they tried to foist the
death of Haliday on me. That
exactly was what they’ve been
saying; that I had been killing
people indiscriminately while the
war lasted. That also is not true.
It took the way the war ended for
most Biafrans to realise that it
was really a lie that whenever I
saw somebody I’d shoot. Shoot
for what? For what purpose? And
if that was the case, would I lay
my life on the line to bring the war
to an end? After all, the people
who asked that the war be
brought to an end are still alive.
People like P.K. Nwokedi, a former
justice of Enugu. Louis Mbanefo
too. These were the people who
came to my house and pleaded
that I should try to stop the war.
Normally, I would have called for
their arrest, because they were
members of Biafran Exco. They
were party to the last meeting we
held with Ojukwu to ask Ojukwu
to go to the conference that was
to hold in Monrovia, Liberia. That
conference was engineered by Dr.
Nnamdi Azikiwe.
It was this meeting that we
arranged laboriously for where
Ojukwu could stay so that there
won’t be any sabotage against
us. Hence, Felix Houphet- Boigny
was one of those that recognised
Biafran efforts. And the French
were also partially assisting us.
So, from Liberia, it was planned to
move Ojukwu to Gabon and then
to Ivory Coast. But we hadn’t
settled down in Ivory Coast in
readiness for the meeting when
members of the EXco came
requesting that I should bring the
war to an end.
How come then you were the man
everybody wanted to see to end
the war?
I was the person in charge of
operations. I was also visible.
Yes, I was.
Do you think because the Yoruba
officers were the ones that saw to
the end of the war, it has caused
any friction between them and the
Igbo people?
No, because a day after my
declaration, I started the
announcement from 9a.m. Every
15 minutes, my broadcast was
on. Sir Louis Mbanefo crafted the
statement that we gave Philip
Effiong to read. After it was read, it
became necessary because in my
broadcast, we said we had sent
emissaries to various Nigerian
military formations to inform
them that we had decided to end
the war.
It is only people with authority
who could do that. Any army on
the run will not make such
statement. So, we did it on a
friendly basis. Today Akin is still
my friend. We meet from time to
time. He visits me here too. No, it
has not caused any friction at all.
Why was it possible for the Owerri
battle front to be inclusive as it
were? |
Col. Joe Achuzia was one of the
major figures that held Biafra
together while the Nigerian Civil
war lasted. He commanded
almost all the major sectors in the
Biafran Army and also ensured
that discipline was enforced
throughout the duration of the
war. Before the war ended, he was
in charge of operations in the
whole enclave called Biafra. This
position made it possible for him
to begin the necessary overtures
to end the war. While Ojukwu was
away, he took over control of the
forces and then made the
appropriate contacts to bring the
war to an end. In this interview
with Edozie Udeze, he debunks
some of the claims made by Gen.
Alabi Isama and Gen. Alani
Akinrinade in their recent
interviews.
Gen. Alabi Isama in his latest
book on the war alleged that Mid-
western officers were alienated. Is
it really true that as the
Commander-in-Chief of the
Biafran Armed Forces,
Chukwuemeka Odumegwu
Ojukwu, did not trust some of the
Midwestern Igbo officers while the
war lasted?
It is not true. Why I say it is not
true is that for Biafra to have
lasted so long, it was as a result
of the efforts of the Mid-western
officers. This was because Biafra
was really being hard pushed until
the mid-west operation began.
And the Midwest officers that
were supposed to go across,
Alabi-Isama was one of them.
Even then my own journey into
the mid west when Banjo crossed
into Mid west, Alabi too was one
of those that I contacted. But
somewhere along the line, after
our meeting, after we gave him
some instructions to follow
across, Alabi defected. And he
didn’t come back. So, for him to
say that Ojukwu didn’t like some
Mid west officers couldn’t be true.
This was so because it was the
Mid-west officers, all the way to
the lower ranks, that really held
Murtala from crossing over the
bridge thereby entering Biafra.
This was when Murtala started
his so-called operation to cross
the Niger. It was mid western
officers who fought and sustained
the momentum. These were the
52 and 57 brigades that are also
manned by the Mid west officers.
It is unfortunate that many people
from hindsight now after over 40
years of the war are writing books
on the war. This is an after-
thought after having read over
other people’s works on the war,
reading newspaper comments
and other people’s statements
and interviewing people. Now,
they have got themselves in the
position as being authority on the
war.
I wouldn’t take Alabi’s document
as a serious one. The only aspect
of his statement that really
deserves comment and which
shows his inability to appreciate
the war situation and reporting it
as it were, was his reporting what
did not happen in his presence.
He talked about the end of the
war, mentioning the participants.
He is not in the position to say
what he said about the end of the
war. He wasn’t there.
The first person who was there
was General Alani Akinrinade.
Also Tomoye. Then Tomoye was
not a substantive colonel. The
command that reached Orlu was
Tomoye’s command. And it was
Tomoye’s officer that my men and
in a night operation and captured
them that made it possible for me
to take the step I took by declaring
that everybody should lay down
their arms. Then I said we could
be announcing it until I was able
to bring Akinrinade into my
headquarters. The narrative by
Alabi shows ignorance of what
happened that day. That’s what I
can say about that. The only
person that many a time I look at
and say let sleeping dogs lie is
General Akinrinade. This was
because of his behaviour from the
moment we met was officer-like.
And he conducted himself in a
way that endeared him to me that
up till date, we are still friends.
Alabi, however, was right in one
thing that the war had already
ended before General Obasanjo
came into the picture. And he
came on the scene after I allowed
General Akinrinade to make a call
to him. And he told him that if he
didn’t come, he might stand to
lose his officers who were under
my control then. When Akinrinade
came, he came with only a few
soldiers. We met at Orlu, I didn’t
go to Owerri to look for any of
them.
Now, we told Tomoye to phone
him because Tomoye stood to
lose all his officers and in Brigade
they ventured into our territory
near Orlu.
We assured Tomoye that we had
already started to take steps to
bring the war to an end. His
officers that were collected were
already deposited near my office
in Igbo-ukwu. As a result, it
wasn’t proper for me to claim that
I went to Owerri looking for who
to surrender to. Surrender who or
what to who? After all, it was in
my house while discussing with
Akinrinade that we decided that in
that instance we were bringing
the war to an end. There was
indeed no winner, no vanquished.
The war had deteriorated into a
state of stalemate, whereby we
were trading one bullet for
another.
By this time our men were crisis-
crossing the war front because
both the Nigerian soldiers and our
soldiers were tired of the whole
thing; the whole episode.
Could you please elaborate more
on the last days of the war?
Let me also elaborate more on the
events of the last days…
I read in the internet Akinrinade’s
rejoinder. So I asked for it to be
printed out. Akinrinade is the last
person I expected to sanction
what Alabi-Isama wrote or said
about the end of the war. Isama
wasn’t there. Akinrinade was
there. Tomoye was there. The rest
were just junior officers. Those
collected that night of 11th were
junior officers and they were in
charge of a battalion which made
it possible for us to move. It was
almost a disaster. We could have
capitalised on it but we were on
the quest to bring the war to an
end. Hence, we detained them at
the DMI office in Igbo-ukwu, got
them to send a message to their
commander, Tomoye. Tomoye
replied that he would contact
Owerri. The officer at Owerri
tactical headquarters, Col. Oni
who replied that Obasanjo said he
would send his chief-of-staff,
Akinrinade, to come and negotiate
with us.
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