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Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 11:31am On Jan 10, 2019
9inches:
All you've been saying here is nonsensical, you can try to present sensible arguments. See, it's easy to do what you're doing. Labelling arguments you don't like as incoherent or fallacies doesn't make them as such, especially if you don't "coherently" and credibly refute those arguments. You're being openly dishonest in this conversation.

Come back here and tell all of us how much you tested this and how true/false this is.
I have a feeling I am wasting my time.

- You made a claim.
- You say the claim can be tested via three tests (never mind that there is no universal corroboration of it, but for the sake of indulging you I have allowed it to stand).
- I ask that you tell me how your claim passes the three tests.
- You start ad hominems.

What kind of conversation do you think this is?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 11:15am On Jan 10, 2019
9inches:
The uncreated Supernatural from whom every other thing came into being.
Do you have evidence for such a being?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 7:08am On Jan 10, 2019
9inches:
I totally agree with you. Rhetoric doesn't cut it, and reasonably so. That's why you don't have to take my word for it. Evidence are meant to be tested.

At this your level of faith? You're still struggling with "Preambles of Faith" while asking me to talk to you about "Articles of Faith". Talking to you about deeper matters of faith at this point will sound to you like tales by the moonlight. You'll be lost in confusion. In the Catholic Church, we start from the basics, deal with the fundamentals and work our way deeper. We don't just throw you into the middle of the bible and tell you about 'Works of the holy spirit when you are yet to grasp information about God or Jesus Christ. If you don't know God, how could anything that come out him make sense to you?
Hahaha...see what I am saying. Instead of bringing about coherent arguments...you resort to ad hominems.

My questions to you are simple and I have consistently asked them only for you to keep drumming fallacies. Not going to work.

I will repeat: When I ask of proof, I'm referring to something tangible. Something like claims of the Bible being inspired by God. Something like a believer being a better human than anyone on earth due to the Holy Spirit indwelling. Something like miraculous claims by Christians that have been verified to be true.

Can you provide these tangible proofs of your faith? Take any religious beliefs and your rhetoric will fit like a glove.
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 7:01am On Jan 10, 2019
9inches:
God I believe.
Which of the Gods? And how do you know?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 4:24pm On Jan 09, 2019
9inches:
Merriam-webster: moral law is a general rule of right living especially such a rule or group of rules conceived as universal and unchanging and as having the sanction of God's will, of conscience, of man's moral nature, or of natural justice as revealed to human reason.
Who created this law?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 1:36pm On Jan 09, 2019
9inches:
No sir, uniqueness does not mean validity. I wonder where you got that from. Something can be unique without it being valid or credible or authentic or even good. Check definition of unique.
By the way, I said this [Quote author=joseph1013 post=74566998]
In terms of answers to question is fine.

I'm actually just interested in the verifiable proof you have to belief that Christianity is the one and only true religion.
Got it.

Truth by its very nature is exclusive. If it is true, as Christianity claims, that Jesus was crucified, died and rose again -- that it is not true as islam claims, that Jesus never died in the first place, and that somebody else was killed in his place... both claims cannot be true.
and you mischaracterized my statements and accused me of fallacy

You are being fallacious.

Your argument is akin to this conversation:

John: I am my father's son

Joseph: How do you know?

John: My father told me.

It's called a circular argument.

Jesus died and was crucified. Who told you that? The Bible did. See?


See...you realize that Islam and Christianity agree on certain aspects. They are both Abrahamic religions. They both recognize the Old Testament. Of course, they both disagree. Even Christianity is not singular. These are about 3000 denominations in Christianity, so this exclusivity you intend to give yourself has no validity.Way more than 3000; it's about 33,000 and counting although a lot of them believe precisely the same thing. But even if, let's say, they account for 3000 different beliefs, those differences matter a whole lot, more so, if those are fundamental differences. Like I previously said, every belief system has some good in it; some have more, some have less. But the whole point here is that you should not equivocate different contradicting belief systems even if they share some similarities or have some good in it. It's a postmodern moral relativist and nonsensical thing to do.

That's the point. The claim is that that's what makes the religion unique.Time to check the meaning of the word "unique".

When I ask for proof of Christianity, offering me absurd statements of Christ does not qualify as proof. Other religions offer some absurd claims too.
When I ask of proof, I'm referring to something tangible. Something like claims of the Bible being inspired by God. Something like a believer being a better human than anyone on earth due to the Holy Spirit indwelling. Something like miraculous claims by Christians that have been verified to be true.
Offering me claims I can make doesn't cut it.

Remember this? Now read the highlighted again.
You can use the following three tests to ascertain what the truth really is:

1. Correspondence theory
2. Coherence theory
3. Explanatory power

Correspondence theory asks the question, "look, what you believe, or what you've placed your trust in, does it correspond to reality? Does it have factual evidence to back it up." For instance, if I were to say to you "last night Manchester United won the football game", that statement is true if and only if Manchester United actually won the football game. That is the Correspondence theory - what I believe must correspond to factual evidence.

Coherence theory asks the question, "look, what you believe or what you've placed your trust in, does it cohere - is there a high degree of internal consistency?" Let's say, you and I we're talking and you say "hey, I just found out you had a new baby boy, is that right?" And I say to you with much enthusiasm "yes, we do and we are so pleased." Then another friend comes in and says "congrats man, I just heard that you have a son" And I say no no no, who told you that?" Now, you're going to look at me and be like "hold on, which is it?" As you already know, both can't be true because there's a contradiction there - there isn't coherence.

Explanatory power simply asks the question "does what I believe or what I've placed my trust in help me make sense of my observations of the world and also my longings and the desires that I have?" The observations that I have of the world - that the world is not the way it ought to be; there are many things wrong with the world. And then, my longing for significance - to matter; my observation that deep down I know I'm capable of doing great things but at the same time I'm deeply flawed.

The question then becomes, "what faith, system of belief or worldview best explains these observations and these longings?

The original Christian faith passes these three tests with flying colors.
This comment is difficult to read, as my comments and yours have been lumped together.

The bone of contention is this:

When I ask of proof, I'm referring to something tangible. Something like claims of the Bible being inspired by God. Something like a believer being a better human than anyone on earth due to the Holy Spirit indwelling. Something like miraculous claims by Christians that have been verified to be true.

Saying the original Christian faith passes these three tests with flying colors by offering rhetoric does not cut it.
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 11:32am On Jan 09, 2019
9inches:
Moral law.
What is moral law? Who created it?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 10:51am On Jan 09, 2019
9inches:
Pardon, what did you think my argument was there? What's your understanding of the word "If"?

Where did I claim Christianityis true from the quoted? You're attacking a straw man now. Not good cry
Isn't the uniqueness of Christianity an argument for its validity? I'm not having this discussion for discussion sake. It's all targeted towards making you tell us why Christianity is true.

Right. So what do you mean by "he recognized Jesus and what he has to say"? Do you think that according to the Christian claim of who Jesus says he is and what he taught...that both religions agree? See, I was pointing out the biggest (fundamental) difference between both faiths to dispel any argument of different religions being valid and true. I even used the law of contradiction, that shows what my argument was - the differences, not the validity of the claims.
See...you realize that Islam and Christianity agree on certain aspects. They are both Abrahamic religions. They both recognize the Old Testament. Of course, they both disagree. Even Christianity is not singular. These are about 3000 denominations in Christianity, so this exclusivity you intend to give yourself has no validity.


Boom! You just helped me with another difference! Now can any rational person say both are equally valid and that their exclusive claims are both true? Of course not! Again, apply law of non contradiction - it's either the Christian claim is false and the Buddhist is the truth or vice versa. Both claims can also both be false but they CANNOT both be true. Do you understand that now?
That's the point. The claim is that that's what makes the religion unique.


Christianity makes those exact claims too, nothing unique here.

Here's one of Jesus' outrageous (special) claims: (John 6:52-58)
"Then the Jews began to argue sharply among themselves, 'How can this man give us his flesh to eat?' Jesus said to them, 'Very truly I tell you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you have no life in you. Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise them up at the last day. For my flesh is real food and my blood is real drink. Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood remains in me, and I in them. Just as the living Father sent me and I live because of the Father, so the one who feeds on me will live because of me. This is the bread that came down from heaven. Your ancestors ate manna and died, but whoever feeds on this bread will live forever.'"

It's either he is a nutjob, as in, a wacko - a crazy lunatic or he's telling the truth. Do you think any religion accepts this claim? Mind you, the group of people Jesus was talking to in this passage all believed in God, yet they were shocked, even a lot of his disciples left him because of such statement.

I asked what type of proof you are asking for. Maybe you can tell it now.
When I ask for proof of Christianity, offering me absurd statements of Christ does not qualify as proof. Other religions offer some absurd claims too.

When I ask of proof, I'm referring to something tangible. Something like claims of the Bible being inspired by God. Something like a believer being a better human than anyone on earth due to the Holy Spirit indwelling. Something like miraculous claims by Christians that have been verified to be true.

Offering me claims I can make doesn't cut it.
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 8:56am On Jan 09, 2019
9inches:
Crime is a different conversation about secular law.

No, the gateman hasn't done an evil deed.
Which other law are you referring to? Spiritual law?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 7:54am On Jan 09, 2019
9inches:
Got it.

Truth by its very nature is exclusive. If it is true, as Christianity claims, that Jesus was crucified, died and rose again -- that it is not true as islam claims, that Jesus never died in the first place, and that somebody else was killed in his place... both claims cannot be true.
You are being fallacious.

Your argument is akin to this conversation:

John: I am my father's son

Joseph: How do you know?

John: My father told me.

It's called a circular argument.

Jesus died and was crucified. Who told you that? The Bible did. See?


It's like asking why Jesus is the only way. Nobody else in history made the claims Jesus did. Nobody else claimed to be able to deal with the problem of the human heart like he did. Nobody else claimed as Jesus did to be "God with us!" So, whether you believe his claims or not, it's evident Jesus was utterly unique.

Note that christianity does not make the argument that other religions are totally false. That would be totally a false assertion. There is some good and truth in just about every other religion. If you apply the law of non contradiction - "A" and "B" cannot both be true at the same time. Either one of them is true or both are false.

So, now you know Christianity and islam could be said to be superficially similar but fundamentally different because they both make contradicting truth claims.
Again, you are being fallacious.

Claiming Christianity is true because of the claims of Jesus is nothing short of nonsensical.

Take any religion in the world, and I will show you what makes them unique.

Mohammed in Islam claims he is the final prophet sent from God. He recognized Jesus and what he has to say, but claims his prophethood is final and complete — no messenger will come after him.

Buddhists claim Buddhism is the most unique religion to have ever existed. They say unlike the barbaric Abrahamic God, there is no almighty God in Buddhism, no one to hand out rewards and punishments. They claim that while all religions teach some forms or variations of stabilizing/single-pointedness meditation, only Buddhism emphasizes Vipassana (Insight) meditation as a powerful tool to assist one in seeking liberation/enlightenment.

I have heard a Hindu say that asking about the uniqueness of Hinduism would be belittling its profundity. He says Hinduism is unparalleled in breadth and depth of exploration, documentation and expression of a Godward aspiration, God-discovery, God-realisation and manifesting this Knowledge in life through art, poetry, scripture and simple life.

So you see, there is nothing special about the claims of Jesus. I can make much more absurd claims and start a movement. Does that mean my religion is the one and only because of that?

You have not offered me any verifiable proof as to why Christianity is true. You can do better, right?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 7:20am On Jan 09, 2019
HellVictorinho:
"Can" in English means possibly.
'Objective'and 'Subjective' have different meanings in English.
In terms of morality, it can either be objective or subjective. Context matters in English language.
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 7:19am On Jan 09, 2019
9inches:
I said "it is", which means yes. I don't set to confuse. But mind you, we're not talking natural sciences where theories are reduced to short formulas and concise sentences. However, I understand what you mean.
Okay. You believe murder is objectively evil. If a hired assassin comes to your abode, and while getting a vintage point to take you out, your gateman kills him, has your gateman committed a crime? Is your gateman done an evil deed?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 3:05pm On Jan 08, 2019
9inches:
1. In what form do you want the results? The result is the readily available (a.k.a already-made) answers to just about every one of the ever burgeoning questions man could have. If that's what you're asking, then I can point you to where and how to search for information/answers.

2. I thought I've answered that.
In terms of answers to question is fine.

I'm actually just interested in the verifiable proof you have to belief that Christianity is the one and only true religion.
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 3:02pm On Jan 08, 2019
HellVictorinho:
It can be objective.
It can be subjective.
So it is not fixed.
Do you understand that your answer means morality is subjective?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 1:16pm On Jan 08, 2019
HellVictorinho:
Your question can't be answered simply to effect logic.
So you don't know if morality is objective or subjective?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 12:51pm On Jan 08, 2019
HellVictorinho:
Morality is not fixed.
All these people sef. They cannot answer questions simply. smh
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 12:17pm On Jan 08, 2019
HellVictorinho:
Murder is a crime-fact.
"Good"/"Evil" are just words.
Do you also believe that morality is objective?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 12:04pm On Jan 08, 2019
9inches:
it is.
Cathechism [2269] says: The fifth commandment forbids doing anything with the intention of indirectly bringing about a person's death. The moral law prohibits exposing someone to mortal danger without grave reason, as well as refusing assistance to a person in danger.

The acceptance by human society of murderous famines, without efforts to remedy them, is a scandalous injustice and a grave offense. Those whose usurious and avaricious dealings lead to the hunger and death of their brethren in the human family indirectly commit homicide, which is imputable to them.

Unintentional killing is not morally imputable. But one is not exonerated from grave offense if, without proportionate reasons, he has acted in a way that brings about someone's death, even without the intention to do so.
Let's make this discussion as direct and obfuscation-free as possible. Many words when a few words would do can render points hidden and trying to untangle them could provide a waste of time.

It's a simple question. Murder, is it objectively evil? This question demands only a Yes or No.

Your response seem to be that it is objectively evil. Correct?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 11:28am On Jan 08, 2019
9inches:
1. It has been subjected to more than those tests over the centuries. And the results are there to be seen. Infact, it's even christians that ask most of the hard-hitting and difficult questions.
I won't conclude without saying, "why not be the scholar and test it out yourself?"

I don't know your level of understanding and appreciation of the idea of God. Generally, I think for people without faith at all it's better not to plunge them into the religion and the bible right off the bat. Proper route to lasting knowledge is to start from the fundamentals and master the basics so you don't get shaken up when the more complicated information starts arriving.

2. Yes, I can say that I have knowledge of the other world religions. Belief systems can be grouped and understood in a nutshell. For example, if the Abrahamic religion is false, Judaism, christianity and Islam will fall in one fell swoop and your search for the truth focuses on the other religions. But if the Abrahamic religion is true, then your search narrows down to only the Abrahamic religions.
1. Where are the results? Please show us your results.

2. In other words, you have tested the Abrahamic religions and found them to the true, and therefore conclude that the others are false (without looking into them). Is that correct?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 9:31am On Jan 08, 2019
9inches:
It realized truth is objective and that we live our daily lives knowing, albeit unconsciously, that somethings are absolutely evil, and that we can also recognize some things are absolutely good. So, due to some personal research, I got to understand these terms: postmodernism, moral relativism, naturalism, deism, etc. I paid attention to both popular and unpopular atheists, christians, scientists... But here's the most fascinating/revealing part of it all for me, watching religious people of different faiths who became atheists and also atheists who became religious. Let's just say, I've heard loads and loads of argument. Not just heard but paid attention to them.
A quick example, is murder objectively evil?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 9:30am On Jan 08, 2019
9inches:
You can use the following three tests to ascertain what the truth really is:

1. Correspondence theory
2. Coherence theory
3. Explanatory power

Correspondence theory asks the question, "look, what you believe, or what you've placed your trust in, does it correspond to reality? Does it have factual evidence to back it up." For instance, if I were to say to you "last night Manchester United won the football game", that statement is true if and only if Manchester United actually won the football game. That is the Correspondence theory - what I believe must correspond to factual evidence.

Coherence theory asks the question, "look, what you believe or what you've placed your trust in, does it cohere - is there a high degree of internal consistency?" Let's say, you and I we're talking and you say "hey, I just found out you had a new baby boy, is that right?" And I say to you with much enthusiasm "yes, we do and we are so pleased." Then another friend comes in and says "congrats man, I just heard that you have a son" And I say no no no, who told you that?" Now, you're going to look at me and be like "hold on, which is it?" As you already know, both can't be true because there's a contradiction there - there isn't coherence.

Explanatory power simply asks the question "does what I believe or what I've placed my trust in help me make sense of my observations of the world and also my longings and the desires that I have?" The observations that I have of the world - that the world is not the way it ought to be; there are many things wrong with the world. And then, my longing for significance - to matter; my observation that deep down I know I'm capable of doing great things but at the same time I'm deeply flawed. The question then becomes, "what faith, system of belief or worldview best explains these observations and these longings?

The original Christian faith passes these three tests with flying colors.
What makes you think the Christian faith passes the three tests? Do you have knowledge of the other world religions?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 7:10pm On Jan 07, 2019
raphieMontella:
ahh...this Joseph guy still de
Bros, too many things to do at once for a mortal before we death comes calling, but we still dey here kampe. grin
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 7:09pm On Jan 07, 2019
9inches:
Lol, I have no idea. You have to put in the work to seek for the truth, only the truth, the absolute truth that when you know it and appreciate it, you will change your siggy to "I will die for this TRUTH." tongue

I probably was in your shoes - once a believer, acquired some college degrees, started questioning but wasn't getting answers that made sense to me; considered atheism, made some sense for a while...... long story short, became agnostic!

But here's what I can guarantee you: you won't find the COMPLETE truth elsewhere (bragging toh bahd! cheesy). I can only point you the way and stay available for questions; the rest of the journey is on you.
Interesting journey.

Then let me ask you, what informed your going back to religion?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 6:34pm On Jan 07, 2019
9inches:
Interesting. So, how do you determine truth?
Great question.

Truth, by definition, is a proposition that agrees with the facts. This agreement is comparatively easy to test in matters that science deals with. There is a scientific method that has been proven to be the most reliable method of truth verification in human history. In fact, it's the reason you can ask me this question right here and now.

In other matters that science has not been able to provide an answer to, I withhold calling my opinion the truth since I have no reliable way of knowing.

How do you determine your own truth?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 6:27pm On Jan 07, 2019
9inches:
Which means there's a chance you have flawed belief....but you're always open to consider other ideas/beliefs. Am I right?
Definitely. In fact, it's what my questions have been about.

You think you can change my mind about Christianity?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 9:48am On Jan 07, 2019
TATIME:
Hmmmmmmmmm UNTENABLE excuses as usual from a determined atheist! wink wink
Well why not ask Muslims saying "Jihadists aren't TRUE Muslims" to PRESENT, POINT, NAME or SHOW you a group that's PRACTICING Islam in their assumed PEACEFUL way?
For your information, you're discussing with a former Muslim, i studied Islam to it's root and found out that it's all about exterminating INFIDELS as we would call unbelievers back then!
The religion sprout from the race of Ishmael (Abraham's first son by Sarah's slave girl) God's angel foretold what will become of Ishmael and his descendants that "they will become TERRORISTS" {Genesis 16:11,12}
Now how do you expect a descendant of Ishmael (the father of TERRORISM) to fair if such should claim to be sent by God to propagate pure worship. huh huh
Don't you think that will be disastrous. embarassed embarassed
So don't think that's a hard nurt to crack for somebody like me who has dedicated all his life to read,study and meditate on several religious books before concluding on Christianity!
It's interesting that your view about Islam is gotten from the Bible. Why should we trust the bible and what it says?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 9:45am On Jan 07, 2019
TATIME:
@joseph1013
God's ORIGINAL purpose for humans (the only intelligent creature on earth) is to supervise other creatures and keep their environment in conducive conditions! Genesis 1:26-28
That's what will bring honor to any landlord whose tenants are taking good care of the house in which they're living! Hebrew 3:4
Mankind have spent thousands of years on earth and realized the need for worship! That's why there is NO place no matter how primitive those existing there on earth where the inhabitants won't have any sign of worship!
Pure worship is what mankind couldn't resolve for centuries till now. The only nation God revealed HIMSELF to on earth is ISRAEL,but they love the customs and practices of surrounding nations. They keep killing God's messengers (prophets) in their midst and finally they killed Jesus (God's model for everyone to attain to purity or holiness) Matthew 23:37
That's why Jesus called the Christians the CHOSEN nation that will replace natural ISRAEL(Matthew 19:28)Israelites are supposed to exhibit the qualities God requires from humans to live forever,this they're to learn from Jesus!Matthew 3:17,17:5
But Israelites rejected Jesus(Matthew 27:18-25)so that glorious privilege was given to Christians who accepted the teachings of Jesus! Wherever you may come from, you're to be as illuminators of those divine required standard as you keep exhibiting Christlike qualities.
That's why Satan immediately moved into action to establish his own deceptive religious sects all claiming Christians today! Matthew 13:24-30
But Jesus has warned honest hearted persons that it's "BY THEIR FRUIT" you will fish out false religious groups claiming Christians! Matthew 7:15-20
The FRUITS in question means deeds that everyone can SEE, so it's unfair after knowing all these to continue categorising Christianity with all false religions created by Satan!
Know today that mankind is inclined to worship,so you shouldn't let it escape your notice that it's impossible for FAKES to exist without the ORIGINAL somewhere!
That's why i was determined to find that single original, and i'm obliged to tell you that it's Christianity the one and only group fitting all that was written in the Bible today are Jehovah's Witnesses!
First of all, humans are not the only intelligent creatures on earth. Humans are not even the most intelligent creature on earth.

Second, how do you know God's original purpose for humans?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 9:42am On Jan 07, 2019
9inches:
Your signature says you don't believe truth is absolute. Is that really how you live your life?
I means that I live my life in a way that if I see a truth that contradicts what I have held, I can change my belief, regardless of how hard it may be.

Do you have something against that?
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op):
"THE SECULAR IDEAL

What then is the secular ideal? The most important secular commitment is to the TRUTH , which is based on observation and evidence rather than on mere faith. Seculars strive not to confuse truth with belief. If you have a very strong belief in some story, that may tell us a lot of interesting things about your psychology, about your childhood, and about your brain structure – but it does not prove that the story is true. (Often, strong beliefs are needed precisely when the story isn’t true.)

In addition, seculars do not sanctify any group, any person or any book as if it and it alone has sole custody of the truth. Instead, secular people sanctify the truth wherever it may reveal itself – in ancient fossilised bones, in images of far-off galaxies, in tables of statistical data, or in the writings of various human traditions. This commitment to the truth underlies modern science, which has enabled humankind to split the atom, decipher the genome, track the evolution of life, and understand the history of humanity itself.

The other chief commitment of secular people is to COMPASSION. Secular ethics relies not on obeying the edicts of this or that god, but rather on a deep appreciation of suffering. For example, secular people abstain from murder not because some ancient book forbids it, but because killing inflicts immense suffering on sentient beings.

There is something deeply troubling and dangerous about people who avoid killing just because ‘God says so’. Such people are motivated by obedience rather than compassion, and what will they do if they come to believe that their god commands them to kill heretics, witches, adulterers or foreigners?

Of course, in the absence of absolute divine commandments, secular ethics often faces difficult dilemmas. What happens when the same action hurts one person but helps another? Is it ethical to levy high taxes on the rich in order to help the poor? To wage a bloody war in order to remove a brutal dictator? To allow an unlimited number of refugees into our country? When secular people encounter such dilemmas, they do not ask ‘What does God command?’ Rather, they weigh carefully the feelings of all concerned parties, examine a wide range of observations and possibilities, and search for a middle path that will cause as little harm as possible.

Consider, for example, attitudes to sexuality. How do secular people decide whether to endorse or oppose rape, homosexuality, bestiality and incest? By examining feelings. Rape is obviously unethical, not because it breaks some divine commandment, but because it hurts people. In contrast, a loving relationship between two men harms no one, so there is no reason to forbid it.

What then about bestiality? I have participated in numerous private and public debates about gay marriage, and all too often some wise guy asks ‘If marriage between two men is OK, why not allow marriage between a man and a goat?’

From a secular perspective the answer is obvious. Healthy relationships require emotional, intellectual and even spiritual depth. A marriage lacking such depth will make you frustrated, lonely and psychologically stunted. Whereas two men can certainly satisfy the emotional, intellectual and spiritual needs of one another, a relationship with a goat cannot. Hence if you see marriage as an institution aimed at promoting human well-being – as secular people do – you would not dream of even raising such a bizarre question. Only people who see marriage as some kind of miraculous ritual might do so.

So how about relations between a father and his daughter? Both are humans, so what’s wrong with that? Well, numerous psychological studies have demonstrated that such relations inflict immense and usually irreparable harm on the child. In addition, they reflect and intensify destructive tendencies in the parent. Evolution has shaped the Sapiens psyche in such a way that romantic bonds just don’t mix well with parental bonds. Therefore you don’t need God or the Bible to oppose incest – you just need to read the relevant psychological studies.

This is the deep reason why secular people cherish scientific truth. Not in order to satisfy their curiosity, but in order to know how best to reduce the suffering in the world. Without the guidance of scientific studies, our compassion is often blind.

The twin commitments to truth and compassion result also in a commitment to EQUALITY. Though opinions differ regarding questions of economic and political equality, secular people are fundamentally suspicious of all a priori hierarchies.

Suffering is suffering, no matter who experiences it; and knowledge is knowledge, no matter who discovers it. Privileging the experiences or the discoveries of a particular nation, class or gender is likely to make us both callous and ignorant. Secular people are certainly proud of the uniqueness of their particular nation, country and culture – but they don’t confuse ‘uniqueness’ with ‘superiority’. Hence though secular people acknowledge their special duties towards their nation and their country, they don’t think these duties are exclusive, and they simultaneously acknowledge their duties towards humanity as a whole.

We cannot search for the truth and for the way out of suffering without the freedom to think, investigate, and experiment. Secular people cherish freedom, and refrain from investing supreme authority in any text, institution or leader as the ultimate judge of what’s true and what’s right. Humans should always retain the freedom to doubt, to check again, to hear a second opinion, to try a different path. Secular people admire Galileo Galilei who dared to question whether the earth really sits motionless at the centre of the universe; they admire the masses of common people who stormed the Bastille in 1789 and brought down the despotic regime of Louis XVI; and they admire Rosa Parks who had the courage to sit down on a bus seat reserved for white passengers only.

It takes a lot of COURAGE to fight biases and oppressive regimes, but it takes even greater courage to admit ignorance and venture into the unknown. Secular education teaches us that if we don’t know something, we shouldn’t be afraid of acknowledging our ignorance and looking for new evidence. Even if we think we know something, we shouldn’t be afraid of doubting our opinions and checking ourselves again. Many people are afraid of the unknown, and want clear-cut answers for every question. Fear of the unknown can paralyse us more than any tyrant.

People throughout history worried that unless we put all our faith in some set of absolute answers, human society will crumble. In fact, modern history has demonstrated that a society of courageous people willing to admit ignorance and raise difficult questions is usually not just more prosperous but also more peaceful than societies in which everyone must unquestioningly accept a single answer. People afraid of losing their truth tend to be more violent than people who are used to looking at the world from several different viewpoints. Questions you cannot answer are usually far better for you than answers you cannot question.

Finally, secular people cherish RESPONSIBILITY. They don’t believe in any higher power that takes care of the world, punishes the wicked, rewards the just, and protects us from famine, plague or war. We flesh-and-blood mortals must take full responsibility for whatever we do – or don’t do. If the world is full of misery, it is our duty to find solutions.

Secular people take pride in the immense achievements of modern societies, such as curing epidemics, feeding the hungry, and bringing peace to large parts of the world. We need not credit any divine protector with these achievements – they resulted from humans developing their own knowledge and compassion. Yet for exactly the same reason, we need to take full responsibility for the crimes and failings of modernity, from genocides to ecological degradation. Instead of praying for miracles, we need to ask what we can do to help.

These are the chief values of the secular world. As noted earlier, none of these values is exclusively secular. Jews also value the truth, Christians value compassion, Muslims value equality, Hindus value responsibility, and so forth. Secular societies and institutions are happy to acknowledge these links and to embrace religious Jews, Christians, Muslims and Hindus, provided that when the secular code collides with religious doctrine, the latter gives way. For example, to be accepted into secular society, Orthodox Jews are expected to treat non-Jews as their equals, Christians should avoid burning heretics at the stake, Muslims must respect freedom of expression, and Hindus ought to relinquish caste-based discrimination.

In contrast, there is no expectation that religious people should deny God or abandon traditional rites and rituals. The secular world judges people on the basis of their behaviour rather than of their favourite clothes and ceremonies. A person can follow the most bizarre sectarian dress code and practise the strangest of religious ceremonies, yet act out of a deep commitment to the core secular values. There are plenty of Jewish scientists, Christian environmentalists, Muslim feminists and Hindu human-rights activists. If they are loyal to scientific truth, to compassion, to equality and to freedom, they are full members of the secular world, and there is absolutely no reason to demand that they take off their yarmulkes, crosses, hijabs or tilakas.

For similar reasons, secular education does not mean a negative indoctrination that teaches kids not to believe in God and not to take part in any religious ceremonies. Rather, secular education teaches children to distinguish truth from belief; to develop their compassion for all suffering beings; to appreciate the wisdom and experiences of all the earth’s denizens; to think freely without fearing the unknown; and to take responsibility for their actions and for the world as a whole."

~ Yuval Noah Harari's "21 Lessons for the 21st Century"
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 10:04am On Jan 01, 2019
ogyunging:
Joseph1013

Most people tend to believe they are the centre of the world, and their culture is the linchpin of human history. Many Greeks believe that history began with Homer, Sophocles and Plato, and that all important ideas and inventions were born in Athens, Sparta, Alexandria or Constantinople. Chinese nationalists retort that history really began with the Yellow Emperor and the Xia and Shang dynasties, and that whatever Westerners, Muslims or Indians achieved is but a pale copy of original Chinese breakthroughs.

Hindu nativists dismiss these Chinese boasts, and argue that even airplanes and nuclear bombs were invented by ancient sages in the Indian subcontinent long before Confucius or Plato, not to mention Einstein and the Wright brothers. Did you know, for example, that it was Maharishi Bhardwaj who invented rockets and aeroplanes, that Vishwamitra not only invented but also used missiles, that Acharya Kanad was the father of atomic theory, and that the Mahabharata accurately describes nuclear weapons?

Yo friend.
I read the Mahabharata and Ramayana growing up, I always thought the stories had a bit of truth in them. Your write up just blew my mind. I have to go back and devour them. Bless
First time I'm hearing about it. I have to read more about them. Astonishing.
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 10:02am On Jan 01, 2019
TATIME:
Most people likes lying to their own soul! You're blaiming all "believers" for evil deeds committed in the name of religion. I've been trying to explain to you that TRUE Christians NEVER participate in killing of any kind.
But you've resolved to blame everyone claiming believers for your choice to become FAITHLESS!
Know today that true Christians are now been separated from the religious confusion that Satan created to turn everyone against the true God!
According to Jesus, before the destruction of ungodly people true worshippers will be
*SEPARATED from other religious groups.
*known for love amongst themselves.
*have nothing to do with WORLDLY politics.
*preaching and teaching globally.
*have youths well mannered.
*hated for purity and equity.
So if you're now blaming religion for your faithlessness, know today that your claims are unjustified. It could be during the dark ages when TRUE Christianity wasn't standing out!
Apologies for ignoring you.

I've been on the road most of the time and would want to finish the books I planned to read last year, so the time and brain to craft replies to you have been eluding me.

I will still get to them, or may be we will just start afresh when I'm ready.

But a quick one, what you just wrote up there is an example of a No True Scotsman fallacy. Remember the way liberal Muslims say that Jihadists are not true Muslims for their terrorist activities.

You may want to look up the logical fallacy. Fallacies are not valid arguments.
Christianity EtcRe: My Thoughts And Questions About Religion by joseph1013(op): 8:36am On Jan 01, 2019
"THE BIRTH OF BIGOTRY

What about monotheism, then? Doesn’t Judaism at least deserve special praise for pioneering the belief in a single God, which was unparalleled anywhere else in the world (even if this belief was then spread to the four corners of the earth by Christians and Muslims more than by Jews)?

We can quibble even about that, since the first clear evidence for monotheism comes from the religious revolution of Pharaoh Akhenaten around 1350 bc, and documents such as the Mesha Stele (erected by the Moabite King Mesha) indicate that the religion of biblical Israel was not all that different from the religion of neighbouring kingdoms such as Moab. Mesha describes his great god Chemosh in almost the same way that the Old Testament describes Yahweh.

But the real problem with the idea that Judaism contributed monotheism to the world is that this is hardly something to be proud of. From an ethical perspective, monotheism was arguably one of the worst ideas in human history.

Monotheism did little to improve the moral standards of humans – do you really think Muslims are inherently more ethical than Hindus, just because Muslims believe in a single god while Hindus believe in many gods? Were Christian conquistadores more ethical than pagan Native American tribes? What monotheism undoubtedly did was to make many people far more intolerant than before, thereby contributing to the spread of religious persecutions and holy wars.

Polytheists found it perfectly acceptable that different people will worship different gods and perform diverse rites and rituals. They rarely if ever fought, persecuted, or killed people just because of their religious beliefs. Monotheists, in contrast, believed that their God was the only god, and that He demanded universal obedience. Consequently, as Christianity and Islam spread around the world, so did the incidence of crusades, jihads, inquisitions and religious discrimination.

Compare, for example, the attitude of Emperor Ashoka of India in the third century bc to that of the Christian emperors of the late Roman Empire. Emperor Ashoka ruled an empire teeming with myriad religions, sects and gurus. He gave himself the official titles of ‘Beloved of the Gods’ and ‘He who regards everyone with affection’. Sometime around 250 bc, he issued an imperial edict of tolerance which proclaimed that:

Beloved-of-the-Gods, the king who regards everyone with affection, honours both ascetics and the householders of all religions … and values that there should be growth in the essentials of all religions. Growth in essentials can be done in different ways, but all of them have as their root restraint in speech, that is, not praising one’s own religion, or condemning the religion of others without good cause … Whoever praises his own religion, due to excessive devotion, and condemns others with the thought ‘Let me glorify my own religion’, only harms his own religion. Therefore contact between religions is good. One should listen to and respect the doctrines professed by others. Beloved-of-the-Gods, the king who regards everyone with affection, desires that all should be well learned in the good doctrines of other religions.

Five hundred years later, the late Roman Empire was as diverse as Ashoka’s India, but when Christianity took over, the emperors adopted a very different approach to religion. Beginning with Constantine the Great and his son Constantius II, the emperors closed all non-Christian temples and forbade so-called ‘pagan’ rituals on pain of death. The persecution culminated under the reign of Emperor Theodosius – whose name means ‘Given by God’ – who in 391 issued the Theodosian Decrees that effectively made all religions except Christianity and Judaism illegal (Judaism too was persecuted in numerous ways, but it remained legal to practise it).

According to the new laws, one could be executed even for worshipping Jupiter or Mithras in the privacy of one’s own home. As part of their campaign to cleanse the empire of all infidel heritage, the Christian emperors also suppressed the Olympic Games. Having been celebrated for more than a thousand years, the last ancient Olympiad was held sometime in the late fourth or early fifth century.

Of course, not all monotheist rulers were as intolerant as Theodosius, whereas numerous rulers rejected monotheism without adopting the broad-minded policies of Ashoka. Nevertheless, by insisting that ‘there is no god but our God’ the monotheist idea tended to encourage bigotry. Jews would do well to downplay their part in disseminating this dangerous meme, and let the Christians and Muslims carry the blame for it."

~ Yuval Noah Harari's "21 Lessons for the 21st Century"

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