TheBigUrban2:



You can not be reasoned with.


In short, you have stated the very position you denied.

The salvation of Jesus christ belongs to the christian faith only. You say that rejecting christ means going to hell.


Again, you can not see how arrogant, selfish and silly you are when you say that others are going to burn in hell for not being in the right religion. The only difference between you and Boko Haram is that they send infidels literally to hell

DrummaBoy:
[size=20pt]Attention all Presenters/Teachers[/size]


Topics numbered 1, 2, 6, 7 and 9 have not been taken.

The following participants should please choose their topics so we could conclude planning on the convention:

MrAnony1
striktlymi
BabaGnoni
PastorOluT
Yooguyz

We are also still requesting presenters suggestions on the rules that will govern the convention.

Kay17: @anonym1

No matter how you see it . . . .

....abortion is still a means of self control, an affirmation of self autonomy by a woman.

The biological difference between the sexes has to be accounted for. The man equally has full control over his reproductive capabilities albeit does not involve a pregnancy but same concept. So when the right to privacy spills over to the woman, it manifests as abortion.

I couldn't avoid commenting on your analogy and like all your analogies, was remote and reared issues of its own rather than clarify the one at hand. At the time of birth, the child is considered a person and it has its own bundle of rights that can be exercised against its mother. On the other hand, whilst in the mother's womb, .....

.....the mother's health primarily supercedes its life.
Not just physical health but mental. To deprive a woman that, is unjust.

As I have said earlier, marriage is a fusion of man and woman into one union/unit. The alter ego of that union is legally recognised as the man. In effect, the woman's identity dissolves in the marriage. She has no corporate status except through the man. Anony I can guarantee you this is in our marriage statutes and case laws, but I can not take the onerous pain of reproducing all that in here. It is not my style to write long winding posts nor put them up to the academic paper standard.

To further my point, our marriage institution has been influenced by Roman law, where the pater familias or so, is the head of the household and the wife is under his authority. So same sentiment exists here.

Hope you realise that your original claim was that there was no right to education in Nigeria. And if you read Chapter II properly, you know that the State is to ensure free education in as far as practicable. Also implicit in that guarantee is a right to education. Although I find the clearest and broadest right to education IN the right to free thought and conscience; but its too broad.

45.
(1) Nothing in sections 37, 38, 39, 40 and 41 of this Constitution shall invalidate any
law that is reasonably justifiable in a democratic society
(a) in the interest of defence, public safety, public order, public morality or public health; or
(b) for the purpose of protecting the rights and freedom or other persons

(2) An act of the National Assembly shall not beinvalidated by reason only that it provides
for the taking, during periods ofemergency, of measures that derogate from the provisions
of section 33 or 35 of this Constitution; but no such measures shall be taken in pursuance
of any such act during any period of emergency save to the extent that those measures are
reasonably justifiable for the purpose of dealing with the situation that exists during that
period of emergency:
Provided that nothing in this section shall authorise any derogation from the provisions of
section 33 of this Constitution, except in respect of death resulting from acts of war or
authorise any derogation from the provisionsof section 36( of this Constitution.

(3) In this section, a " period of emergency" means any period during which there is in force
a Proclamation of a state of emergency declared by the President in exercise of the powers
conferred on him under section 305 of this Constitution.

This section has an overriding power over the prior sections on human rights...

This is the most dangerous section. With this section, evils can be propped up. With this section, there is ethical, religio-cultural overriding considerations over the prior rights provided. And these considerations are reflections of the society we live in, they form the yardstick with which all rights are measured by.

That's why homosexuality is not considered a human right in Nigeria, because our society is generally against it.

So also, we can not deny the patriarchal attitude of our society: the man is the head of the family. There is an ideal image of a woman, and it is not an outspoken woman. It is the quiet, self absorbed, obedient repressed woman.

A man can strip off his clothes as a political gesture. With such intent, society does not frown at it. In fact it can be admired. He can wear undies on a stage, dance with it and it does not impugn on his reputation. But a woman dare not try that. She would be the image of a bad woman. A woman can not use nudity as a means of self expression because it is sinful and repugnant to our culture. That automatically limits a right.

Same also with education, education on a woman is seen as too excessive especially when it will interfere with her primary duty as a baby machine, child rearer and househelp. We know as a fact that young girls in Northern Nigeria and in the Middle Belt are married off often without education.

The Nigerian constitution (from my point of view) guarantees all male spouses an added value to their citizenship and ensures whatever foreign spouse they choose, enjoys the same benefits of they enjoy. Why the constitution is selective and denies a Nigerian woman that advantage, boils down to the patriarchal values of our society. The man is a window to citizenship, the woman is not AND yet both are Nigerians. The foreigner has no right ordinarily to citizenship but only an affiliation affords him/her the privilege so he/she is not discriminated.

Law is basically philology. Interpreting texts within a context. The manner in which a law is written greatly influences its interpretation. Especially when the draftsman is aware of other means of writing. To select one manner over the other is usually to a purpose.

By a gender sensitive language, I meant a consistent reference to the feminine and masculine third person pronouns. It is a balanced writing, which expressly refers to genders. Unlike the Nigerian constitution, the writer is quiet about the female gender. And that goes a long way in the interpretation of the constitution. Some have espoused the view that in matters relating to the matrimonial setting, the rights of the wife must flow from the husband whom the law directly endows such rights and powers.

carefreewannabe:

Which taxes? You don't even have a job.

37.The privacy of citizens, their homes, correspondence, telephone conversations and
telegraphic communications is hereby guaranteed and protected.
38.(1) Every person shall be entitled to freedom of thought, conscience and religion,
including freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom (either alone or in
community with others, and in public or in private) to manifest and propagate his religion or
belief in worship, teaching, practice and observance.
(2) No person attending any place of education shall be required to receive religious
instruction or to take part in or attend any religious ceremony or observance if such
instruction ceremony or observance relates to a religion other than his own, or religion not
approved by his parent or guardian.
(3) No religious community or denomination shall be prevented from providing religious
instruction for pupils of that community or denomination in any place of education
maintained wholly by that community or denomination.
(4) Nothing in this section shall entitle any person to form, take part in the activity or be a
member of a secret society.
39.(1) Every person shall be entitled to freedom of expression, including freedom to hold
opinions and to receive and impart ideas and information without interference.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1) of this section, every person shall
be entitled to own, establish and operate any medium for the dissemination of information,
ideas and opinions:
Provided that no person, other than the Government of the Federation or of a State or any
other person or body authorised by the President on the fulfilment of conditions laid down
by an Act of the National Assembly, shall own,establish or operate a television or wireless
broadcasting station for, any purpose whatsoever.
(3) Nothing in this section shall invalidate any law that is reasonably justifiable in a
democratic society -(a) for the purpose of preventing the disclosure. of information received in confidence,
maintaining the authority and independence of courts or regulating telephony, wireless
broadcasting, television or the exhibition of cinematograph films; or
(b) imposing restrictions upon persons holding office under the Government of the
Federation or of a State, members of the armed forces of the Federation or members of the
Nigeria Police Force or other Government security services or agencies established by law.
40.Every person shall be entitled to assemblefreely and associate with other persons, and
in particular he may form or belong to any political party, trade union or any other
association for the protection of his interests:
Provided that the provisions of this section shall not derogate from the powers conferred by
this Constitution on the Independent National Electoral Commission with respect to political
parties to which that Commission does not accord recognition.
41.(1) Every citizen of Nigeria is entitled to move freely throughout Nigeria and to reside in
any part thereof, and no citizen of Nigeria shall be expelled from Nigeria or refused entry
thereby or exit therefrom.
(2) Nothing in subsection (1) of this section shall invalidate any law that is reasonably
justifiable in a democratic society-
(a) imposing restrictions on the residence or movement of any person who has committed
or is reasonably suspected to have committed a criminal offence in order to prevent him
from leaving Nigeria; or
(b) providing for the removal of any personfrom Nigeria to any other country to:-
(i) be tried outside Nigeria for any criminal offence, or
(ii) undergo imprisonment outside Nigeria in execution of the sentence of a court of law in
respect of a criminal offence of which he has been found guilty:
Provided that there is reciprocal agreement between Nigeria and such other country in
relation to such matter.
42.(1) A citizen of Nigeria of a particular community, ethnic group, place of origin, sex,
religion or political opinion shall not, byreason only that he is such a person:-
(a) be subjected either expressly by, or in the practical application of, any law in force in
Nigeria or any executive or administrative action of the government, to disabilities or
restrictions to which citizens of Nigeria of other communities, ethnic groups, places of
origin, sex, religions or political opinions are not made subject; or
(b) be accorded either expressly by, or in the practical application of, any law in force in
Nigeria or any such executive or administrativeaction, any privilege or advantage that is
not accorded to citizens of Nigeria of other communities, ethnic groups, places of origin,
sex, religions or political opinions.
(2) No citizen of Nigeria shall be subjected to any disability or deprivation merely by reason
of the circumstances of his birth.
(3) Nothing in subsection (1) of this section shall invalidate any law by reason only that the
law imposes restrictions with respect to the appointment of any person to any office under
the State or as a member of the armed forces of the Federation or member of the Nigeria
Police Forces or to an office in the service ofa body, corporate established directly by any
law in force in Nigeria.
43.Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, every citizen of Nigeria shall have the
right to acquire and own immovable property anywhere in Nigeria.
44.(1) No moveable property or any interestin an immovable property shall be taken
possession of compulsorily and no right over or interest in any such property shall be
acquired compulsorily in any part of Nigeria except in the manner and for the purposes
prescribed by a law that, among other things -
(a) requires the prompt payment of compensation therefore and
(b) gives to any person claiming such compensation a right of access for the determination
of his interest in the property and the amount of compensation to a court of law or tribunal
or body having jurisdiction in that part of Nigeria.
(2) Nothing in subsection (1) of this section shall be construed as affecting any general law.
(a) for the imposition or enforcement of any tax, rate or duty;
(b) for the imposition of penalties or forfeiture for breach of any law, whether under civil
process or after conviction for an offence;
(c) relating to leases, tenancies, mortgages, charges, bills of sale or any other rights or
obligations arising out of contracts.
(d) relating to the vesting and administration of property of persons adjudged or otherwise
declared bankrupt or insolvent, of persons ofunsound mind or deceased persons, and of
corporate or unincorporate bodies in the course of being wound-up;
(e) relating to the execution of judgements or orders of court;
(f) providing for the taking of possession of property that is in a dangerous state or is
injurious to the health of human beings, plants or animals;
(g) relating to enemy property;
(h) relating to trusts and trustees;
(i) relating to limitation of actions;
(j) relating to property vested in bodies corporate directly established by any law in force in
Nigeria;
(k) relating to the temporary taking of possession of property for the purpose of any
examination, investigation or enquiry;
(l) providing for the carrying out of work on land for the purpose of soil-conservation; or
(m) subject to prompt payment of compensationfor damage to buildings, economic trees or
crops, providing for any authority or person toenter, survey or dig any land, or to lay,
install or erect poles, cables, wires, pipes, or other conductors or structures on any land, in
order to provide or maintain the supply or distribution of energy, fuel, water, sewage,
telecommunication services or other public facilities or public utilities.
(3) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this section, the entire property in and
control of all minerals, mineral oils and natural gas in under or upon any land in Nigeria or
in, under or upon the territorial waters and the Exclusive Economic Zone of Nigeria shall
vest in the Government of the Federation and shall be managed in such manner as may be
prescribed by the National Assembly.
45.(1) Nothing in sections 37, 38, 39, 40 and 41 of this Constitution shall invalidate any
law that is reasonably justifiable in a democratic society
(a) in the interest of defence, public safety, public order, public morality or public health; or
(b) for the purpose of protecting the rights and freedom or other persons
(2) An act of the National Assembly shall not beinvalidated by reason only that it provides
for the taking, during periods ofemergency, of measures that derogate from the provisions
of section 33 or 35 of this Constitution; but no such measures shall be taken in pursuance
of any such act during any period of emergency save to the extent that those measures are
reasonably justifiable for the purpose of dealing with the situation that exists during that
period of emergency:
Provided that nothing in this section shall authorise any derogation from the provisions of
section 33 of this Constitution, except in respect of death resulting from acts of war or
authorise any derogation from the provisionsof section 36( of this Constitution.
(3) In this section, a " period of emergency" means any period during which there is in force
a Proclamation of a state of emergency declaredby the President in exercise of the powers
conferred on him under section 305 of this Constitution.
46.(1) Any person who alleges that any of the provisions of this Chapter has been, is being
or likely to be contravened in any State in relation to him may apply to a High Court in that
State for redress.
(2) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, a High Court shall have original jurisdiction
to hear and determine any application made to it in pursuance of this section and may make
such orders, issue such writs and give such directions as it may consider appropriate for the
purpose of enforcement or securing the enforcing within that State of any right to which the
person who makes the application may be entitled under this Chapter.
(3) The Chief Justice of Nigeria may make rules with respect to the practice and procedure
of a High Court for the purposes of this section.
(4) The National Assembly -
(a) may confer upon a High Court such powers inaddition to those conferred by this section
as may appear to the National Assembly to be necessary or desirable for the purpose of
enabling the court more effectively to exercise the jurisdictionconferred upon it by this
section; and
(b) shall make provisions-
(i) for the rendering of financial assistance to any indigent citizen of Nigeria where his right
under this Chapter has been infringed or with a view to enabling him to engage the services
of a legal practitioner toprosecute his claim, and
(ii) for ensuring that allegations of infringement of such rights are substantial and the
requirement or need for financial or legal aid is real.

Chapter IV
Fundamental Rights
33.(1) Every person has a right to life, and no one shall be deprived intentionally of his life,
save in execution of the sentence of a court inrespect of a criminal offence of which he has
been found guilty in Nigeria.
(2) A person shall not be regarded as having been deprived of his life in contravention of
this section, if he dies as a result of the use, to such extent and in such circumstances as
are permitted by law, of such force as is reasonably necessary -
(a) for the defence of any person from unlawful violence or for the defence of property:
(b) in order to effect a lawful arrest or to prevent the escape of a person lawfully detained;
or
(c) for the purpose of suppressing a riot, insurrection or mutiny.
34.(1) Every individual is entitled to respect for the dignity of his person, and accordingly -
(a) no person shall be subject to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment;
(b) no person shall he held in slavery or servitude; and
(c) no person shall be required to perform forced of compulsory labour.
(2) for the purposes of subsection (1) (c) of this section, "forced or compulsory labour" does
not include -
(a) any labour required in consequence of the sentence or order of a court;
(b) any labour required of members of the armed forces of the Federation or the Nigeria
Police Force in pursuance oftheir duties as such;
(c) in the case of persons who have conscientious objections to service in the armed forces
of the Federation, any labour required instead of such service;
(d) any labour required which is reasonably necessary in the event of any emergency or
calamity threatening the life or well-being of the community; or
(e) any labour or service that forms part of -
(i) normal communal or other civic obligations of the well-being of the community.
(ii) such compulsory nationalservice in the armed forces of the Federation as may be
prescribed by an Act of the National Assembly, or
(iii) such compulsory national service which forms part of the education and training of
citizens of Nigeria as may be prescribed by an Act of the National Assembly.
35. (1) Every person shall be entitled to his personal liberty and no person shall be deprived
of such liberty save in the following cases and in accordance with a procedure permitted by
law -
(a) in execution of the sentence or order of a court in respect of a criminal offence of which
he has been found guilty;
(b) by reason of his failure to comply with the order of a court or in order to secure the
fulfilment of any obligation imposed upon him by law;
(c) for the purpose of bringing him before a court in execution of the order of a court or
upon reasonable suspicion of his having committed a criminal offence, or to such extent as
may be reasonably necessary to prevent his committing a criminal offence;
(d) in the case of a person who has not attained the age of eighteenyears for the purpose
of his education or welfare;
(e) in the case of persons suffering from infectious or contagious disease, persons of
unsound mind, persons addicted to drugs or alcohol or vagrants, for the purpose of their
care or treatment or the protection of the community; or
(f) for the purpose of preventingthe unlawful entry of any person into Nigeria or of effecting
the expulsion, extradition or other lawful removal from Nigeria of any person or the taking
of proceedings relating thereto:
Provided that a person who is charged with an offence and who has been detained in lawful
custody awaiting trial shall not continue to bekept in such detention for a period longer
than the maximum period of imprisonment prescribed for the offence.
(2) Any person who is arrested or detained shall have the right to remain silent or avoid
answering any question until after consultation with a legal practitioner or any other person
of his own choice.
(3) Any person who is arrested or detained shall be informed in writing within twenty-four
hours (and in a language that he understands)of the facts and grounds for his arrest or
detention.
(4) Any person who is arrested or detained inaccordance with subsection (1) (c) of this
section shall be brought before a court of law within a reasonable time, and if he is not tried
within a period of -
(a) two months from the date of his arrest or detention in the case of a person who is in
custody or is not entitled to bail; or
(b) three months from the date of his arrest or detention in the case of a person who has
been released on bail, he shall (without prejudice to any further proceedings that may be
brought against him) be released either unconditionally or upon such conditions as are
reasonably necessary to ensure that he appears for trial at a later date.
(5) In subsection (4) of this section, the expression "a reasonable time" means -
(a) in the case of an arrest or detention inany place where there is a court of competent
jurisdiction within a radius of forty kilometres, a period of one day; and
(b) in any other case, a period of two days orsuch longer period as in the circumstances
may be considered by the court to be reasonable.
(6) Any person who is unlawfully arrested or detained shall be entitled to compensation and
public apology from the appropriate authority or person; and in this subsection, "the
appropriate authority or person" means an authority or person specified by law.
(7) Nothing in this section shall be construed -
(a) in relation to subsection (4) of this section,as applying in the case of a person arrested
or detained upon reasonable suspicion of having committed a capital offence; and
(b) as invalidating any law by reason only that it authorises the detention for a period not
exceeding three months ofa member of the armed forces of the federation or a member of
the Nigeria Police Force in execution of a sentence imposed by an officer of the armed
forces of the Federation or of the Nigeria police force, in respect of an offence punishable by
such detention of which he has been found guilty.
36.(1) In the determination of his civil rights and obligations, including any question or
determination by or against any government or authority, a person shall be entitled to a fair
hearing within a reasonable time by a court or other tribunal established by law and
constituted in such manner as to secure its independence and impartiality.
(2) Without prejudice to the foregoing provisions of this section, a law shall not be
invalidated by reason only that it confers on any government or authority power to
determine questions arising in the administration of a law that affects or may affect the civil
rights and obligations of any person if such law -
(a) provides for an opportunity for the persons whose rights and obligations may be
affected to make representations to the administering authority beforethat authority makes
the decision affecting that person; and
(b) contains no provision making the determination of the administering authority final and
conclusive.
(3) The proceedings of a court or the proceedings of any tribunal relating to the matters
mentioned in subsection (1) of this section (including the announcement of the decisions of
the court or tribunal) shall be held in public.
(4) Whenever any person is charged with a criminal offence, he shall, unless the charge is
withdrawn, be entitled to a fair hearing in public within a reasonable time by a court or
tribunal:
Provided that -
(a) a court or such a tribunal may exclude from its proceedings persons other than the
parties thereto or their legal practitioners in the interest of defence, public safety, public
order, public morality, the welfare of persons who have not attained the age of eighteen
years, the protection of the private lives of the parties or to such extent as it may consider
necessary by reason of special circumstances in which publicity would be contrary to the
interests of justice;
(b) if in any proceedings before a court or such a tribunal, a Minister of the Government of
the Federation or a commissioner of the government of a State satisfies the court or
tribunal that it would not be in the public interest for any matter to be publicly disclosed,
the court or tribunal shall make arrangements for evidence relating to that matter to be
heard in private and shall takesuch other action as may benecessary or expedient to
prevent the disclosure of the matter.
(5) Every person who is charged with a criminaloffence shall be presumed to be innocent
until he is proved guilty;
Provided that nothing in this section shall invalidate any law by reason only that the law
imposes upon any such person the burden of proving particular facts.
(6) Every person who is charged with a criminal offence shall be entitled to -
(a) be informed promptly in the language that he understands and in detail of the nature of
the offence;
(b) be given adequate time and facilities for the preparation of his defence;
(c) defend himself in person or by legal practitioners of his own choice;
(d) examine, in person or by his legal practitioners, the witnesses called by the prosecution
before any court or tribunal and obtain the attendance and carry out the examination of
witnesses to testify on his behalf before the court or tribunal on the same conditions as
those applying to the witnesses called by the prosecution; and
(e) have, without payment, the assistance of an interpreter if he cannot understand the
language used at the trial of the offence.
(7) When any person is tried for any criminal offence, the court or tribunal shall keep a
record of the proceedings and the accused personor any persons authorised by him in that
behalf shall be entitled to obtain copies of the judgement in the case within seven days of
the conclusion of the case.
( No person shall be held to be guilty of a criminal offence on account of any act or
omission that did not, at the time it took place, constitute such an offence, and no penalty
shall be imposed for any criminal offence heavier than the penalty in force at the time the
offence was committed
(9) No person who shows that he has been tried by any court of competent jurisdiction or
tribunal for a criminal offence and either convicted or acquitted shall again be tried for that
offence or for a criminal offence having the same ingredients as that offence save upon the
order of a superior court.
(10) No person who shows that he has been pardoned for a criminal offence shall again be
tried for that offence.
(11) No person who is tried for a criminal offence shall be compelled to give evidence at the
trial.
(12) Subject as otherwise provided by this Constitution, a person shall not be convicted of a
criminal offence unless that offence is defined and the penalty therefor is prescribed in a
written law, and in this subsection, a written law refers to an Act of the National Assembly
or a Law of a State, any subsidiary legislation or instrument under the provisions of a law.

Kay17:
1. So at the end of the day! Who wants the unwanted foetus?! The. Woman should reserved the right to abort an unwanted foetus PROVIDED nobody wants it transferred to their bodies.

2. Anony I can not drag tomes into this forum, you have to look them up yourself. It is physically impossible for me to do that. I have made my stand, a marriage dissolves the identity of the woman. It is left to you to prove to the contrary. It just proves you had no idea about it before.

3. It is not vague. I referred you to a single book - Nigerian constitution. Check Chapter II if that makes you feel better, but its preferable you read the whole thing.

Chapter II
Fundamental Objectives and Directive Principles of State Policy
13.It shall be the duty and responsibility of all organs of government, and of all authorities
and persons, exercising legislative, executive or judicial powers, to conform to, observe and
apply the provisions of this Chapter of this Constitution.
14.(1) The Federal Republic of Nigeria shall be a State based on the principles of
democracy and social justice.
(2) It is hereby, accordingly, declared that:
(a) sovereignty belongs to the people of Nigeria from whom government through this
Constitution derives all its powers and authority;
(b) the security and welfare of the people shall be the primary purpose of government: and
(c) the participation by the people in their government shall be ensured in accordance with
the provisions of this Constitution.
(3) The composition of the Government of the Federation or any of its agencies and the
conduct of its affairs shall be carried out in such a manner as to reflect the federal character
of Nigeria and the need to promote national unity, and also to command national loyalty,
thereby ensuring that there shall be no predominance of persons from a few State or from a
few ethnic or other sectional groups in that Government or in any of its agencies.
(4) The composition of the Government of a State, a local government council, or any of the
agencies of such Government or council, and the conduct of the affairs of the Government
or council or such agencies shall be carried out in such manner as to recognise the diversity
of the people within its area of authority and the need to promote a sense of belonging and
loyalty among all the people of the Federation.
15. (1) The motto of the Federal Republic of Nigeria shall be Unity and Faith, Peace and
Progress.
(2) Accordingly, national integration shall be actively encouraged, whilst discrimination on
the grounds of place of origin, sex, religion, status, ethnic orlinguistic association or ties
shall be prohibited.
(3) For the purpose of promoting national integration, it shall be the duty of the State to:
(a) provide adequate facilities for and encourage free mobility of people, goods and services
throughtout the Federation.
(b) secure full residence rights for every citizen in all parts of the Federation.
(c) encourage inter-marriage among persons from different places of origin, or of different
religious, ethnic or linguistic association or ties; and
(d) promote or encourage the formation of associations that cut across ethnic, linguistic,
religious and or other sectional barriers.
(4) The State shall foster a feeling of belonging and of involvement among the various
people of the Federation, to the end that loyalty to the nation shall override sectional
loyalties.
(5) The State shall abolish all corrupt practices and abuse of power.
16.(1) The State shall, within the context of the ideals and objectives for which provisions
are made in this Constitution.
(a) harness the resources of the nation and promote national prosperityand an efficient, a
dynamic and self-reliant economy;
(b) control the national economy in such manner as to secure the maximum welfare,
freedom and happiness of every citizen on the basis ofsocial justice and equality of status
and opportunity;
(c) without prejudice to its right to operate orparticipate in areas of the economy, other
than the major sectors of the economy, manage and operate the major sectors of the
economy;
(d) without prejudice to the right of any person to participate in areas of the economy
within the major sector of the economy, protect the right of every citizen to engage in any
economic activities outside the major sectors of the economy.
(2) The State shall direct its policy towards ensuring:
(a) the promotion of a planned and balanced economic development;
(b) that the material resources of the nation are harnessed and distributed as best as
possible to serve the common good;
(c) that the economic system is not operated in such a manner as to permit the
concentration of wealth or the means of production and exchange in the hands of few
individuals or of a group; and
(d) that suitable and adequateshelter, suitable and adequate food, reasonable national
minimum living wage, old age care and pensions, and unemployment, sick benefits and
welfare of the disabled are provided for all citizens.
(3) A body shall be set up by an Act of the National Assembly which shall have power;
(a) to review, from time to time, the ownership and control ofbusiness enterprises
operating in Nigeria and make recommendations to the President on same; and
(b) to administer any law for the regulation of the ownership and control of such
enterprises.
(4) For the purposes of subsection (1) of this section -
(a) the reference to the "major sectors of the economy" shall be construed as a reference to
such economic activities as may, from time totime, be declared by a resolution of each
House of the National Assembly to be managed and operated exclusively by the
Government of the Federation, and until a resolution to the contrary is made by the National
Assembly, economic activities being operated exclusively by the Government of the
Federation on the date immediately preceding the day when this section comes into force,
whether directly or through the agencies of a statutory or other corporation or company,
shall be deemed to be major sectors of the economy;
(b) "economic activities" includes activitiesdirectly concerned with the production,
distribution and exchange of weather or of goods and services; and
(c) "participate" includes the rendering of services and supplying of goods.
17.(1) The State social order is founded on ideals of Freedom, Equality and Justice.
(2) In furtherance of the social order-
(a) every citizen shall have equality of rights, obligations and opportunities before the law;
(b) the sanctity of the human person shall be recognised and human dignity shall be
maintained and enhanced;
(c) governmental actions shall be humane;
(d) exploitation of human or natural resources in any form whatsoever for reasons, other
than the good of the community, shall be prevented; and
(e) the independence, impartiality and integrity of courts of law, and easy accessibility
thereto shall be secured and maintained.
(3) The State shall direct its policy towards ensuring that-
(a) all citizens, without discrimination on any group whatsoever, have the opportunity for
securing adequate means of livelihood as well as adequate opportunity to secure suitable
employment;
(b) conditions of work are just and humane, and that there are adequate facilities for leisure
and for social, religious and cultural life;
(c) the health, safety and welfare of all persons in employment are safeguarded and not
endangered or abused;
(d) there are adequate medical and health facilities for all persons:
(e) there is equal pay for equal work without discrimination on account of sex, or on any
other ground whatsoever;
(f) children, young persons and the age are protected against any exploitation whatsoever,
and against moral and material neglect;
(g) provision is made for public assistance in deserving cases or other conditions of need;
and
(h) the evolution and promotion of family life is encouraged.
18.(1) Government shall direct its policy towards ensuring that there are equal and
adequate educational opportunities at all levels.
(2) Government shall promote science and technology
(3) Government shall strive to eradicate illiteracy; and to this end Government shall as and
when practicable provide
(a) free, compulsory and universal primary education;
(b) free secondary education;
(c) free university education; and
(d) free adult literacy programme.
19.The foreign policy objectives shall be -
(a) promotion and protection of the national interest;
(b) promotion of African integration and support for African unity;
(c) promotion of international co-operation for the consolidation of universal peace and
mutual respect among all nations and elimination of discrimination in all its manifestations;
(d) respect for international law and treaty obligations as well as the seeking of settlement
of international disputes by negotiation, mediation, conciliation, arbitration and
adjudication; and
(e) promotion of a just world economic order.
20.The State shall protect and improve the environment and safeguard the water, air and
land, forest and wild life of Nigeria.
21.The State shall -
(a) protect, preserve and promote the Nigerian cultures which enhance human dignity and
are consistent with the fundamental objectives as provided in this Chapter; and
(b) encourage development of technological and scientific studies which enhance cultural
values.
22.The press, radio, television and other agencies of the mass media shall at all times be
free to uphold the fundamental objectives contained in this Chapter and uphold the
responsibility and accountability of the Government to the people.
23.The national ethics shall be Discipline, Integrity, Dignity of Labour, Social, Justice,
Religious Tolerance, Self-reliance and Patriotism.
24.It shall be the duty of every citizen to -
(a) abide by this Constitution, respect its ideals and its institutions, the National Flag, the
National Anthem, the National Pledge, and legitimate authorities;
(b) help to enhance the power,prestige and good name of Nigeria, defendNigeria and
render such national service as may be required;
(c) respect the dignity of other citizens and the rights and legitimate interests of others and
live in unity and harmony and in the spirit of common brotherhood;
(d) make positive and useful contribution tothe advancement, progress and well-being of
the community where he resides;
(e) render assistance to appropriate and lawful agencies in the maintenance of law and
order; and
(f) declare his income honestly to appropriate and lawful agencies and pay his tax promptly.

4. I didn't say equal treatment of sexes nor meant that. Rather I emphasized on equal rights. For equal rights to emerge in the workplace, the employer must be legally obliged to satisfy the greivances of the workwoman. Hence I quoted Bismarck.

5. Chapter IV of the constitution.

6. It is not written in a gender sensitive language.

7. Who is being discriminated against, the Nigerian woman or the Nigerian man?

Kay17:

1. But does the woman have the right to transfer this living human foetus to your body for example? No. The world would seek for your consent first (at least). That's because they find your body so sacred, that you are the only authority over it.

2. Go through Nigerian statutes on marriage. And read the case law.

3. The labour laws we have are entirely tailored after the workman not the workwoman. There are no mandatory obligations on the employer to provide insurance for miscarriage induced by work, or nurseries for babies at the workplace, or sufficient maternity leave, nursing breaks and leaves etc. There is harldly any job security for pregnant women on the job.

4. Read your constitution, you'd find it.

5. Am I supposed to help your imagination too?! I pick the FEMEN tactic of nudity. If a woman tries that in Nigeria, she can be locked up. While a man who uses his nudity as a political or social statement, will be let free.

6. If you compared the Nigerian constitution with the SA and other gender sensitive constitutions you'd find the differences. The woman is entirely omitted.

7. It is actually the other way round, the Constitution confers on the male spouse the privilege/right of conferring his foreign spouse by relation a Nigerian citizenship. The same Constitution clearly does not extend the same flavour to the Nigerian female spouse. So that's how the constitution weighs the value of the man's citizenship and the woman's.

BlackKenichi: It's funny how black feminists like carefreewannabe seem to argue in circles. I'll say it once and I'll say it again - Black feminists are some of the most unoriginal thinkers on the f*cking planet.
Where ever you see a black feminist look out for the white massa/mistress that's pulling their strings.

Also notice how black feminists love white men and white d1ck?

Kay17: 1. Yes although men do not get pregnancy, yet they have full control and autonomy over their bodies because privacy is the enjoyment against state interference over the use of one's body (for example). So same ought to be applied to women. The state shouldn't decide when and how a woman should be pregnant or not be pregnant. So the governing premise: I do whatever I want with my body.

2. If you bother to go through the marriage laws, you'd find the idea that a marriage is a union and the husband is the CEO. In other words, the woman's identity submerges with the man's. It is hardly a partnership which is a better model.

3. When von Bismarck was drawing up labour laws in Germany, he said the concerns of the workman form the parameters. The workman is worried about whether he would always find work and whether he would always be healthy to work and eventually after his working years are over, his helpless state.

In other words, the peculiarities of the woman worker and her grievances ought to dictate the labour laws obtainable. In addition to insurance, the employer ought to oblige the woman worker with nurseries, flexible work periods, childcare, maternity leaves etc.

4. Check your constitution.

5. Good. Note that free speech is not limited to "speaking" rather widely covers all expressions. However, the Nigerian constitution imposes a limitation on that right (justifiable at times), an ethical limitation. Expressions, acts which are considered ethically inappropriate for women automatically become illegal for women.
And such considerations are determined by how the society sees the woman.

6. The Nigerian constitution is written in such a manner, that women seem to have been forgotten.

Also, man can confer his foreign wife a nigerian citizenship but not a woman.

carefreewannabe:
If you believe that females should have the same economic, political and social rights, then you are, by that definition, a feminist.
If you belive that women are inferior and should therefore not have these rights, then you are not.

So what do you believe?

You said there is no need for feminism in Nigeria. Is the North not Nigeria? Are you sure women in the North have the same economic, political and social rights as men?

If young girls are LEGALLY married off to men who could be their fathers or grandfathers and the law does not protect them, then we need change URGENTLY.

If young boys are married off to grandmas, then we need to protect them too. Very simple.

Definitely, I never said something else.

Do your research and you will find such companies. I am not going to defame any. There is research on that too. Even in Western countries women are not paid equally for doing the same job in many companies.

Who said an employer should spend more money on anyone?

There are enough women, including me, who say that women do NOT have equal rights. Why do you want to muzzle them?

Even the primitive practice of paying a bride price shows how unequal men and women are treated. The fact that people think that I, as a woman, can be sold off and bought, and become a man's property, shows that there is no social and cultural equality. This is one of the minor problems in Nigeria but reflects very well how sich the mindset in the society is.

carefreewannabe:
No, too many girls are brought up to believe that a man will take care of them.

They should equally teach their boys not to give belle to someone else's daughter and teach them that they will have to take responsibility if they do because it will be their child. They should also teach them that they are not immune to STDs.

I am not fighting for equal respect for promiscuity. I am not fighting at all. I just think that society should teach boys to be decent too. It would do a lot of good. However, male hoes are seen as heroes.

I agree but nobody should tell me that it is my primary role to be a mother and nobody should tell me that it is me who has to stay at home with the children.

I have no problem with that description. I will definitely tell my boys, if I have some in the future, that they are not obliged to spend their hard-earned money on their girlfriends.

First of all, I do not see myself as a victim. Secondly, I do not think women are victims. In fact, I blame it many times on their own stupidity. It seems that the IQ of many women is proportional to the IQ of the highheels they walk in that rather look like a limp.

Furthermore, there is nothing wrong with playing roles which are suited to the needs of every family but I refuse to accept that my assigned role is that of a housewife and that all a father has to do is to provide money. I believe that men can also stay at home and women can also provide financially. I believe that every family must decide on the roles their members will play according to personal taste and circumstances.

I have no problem with stay-at-home moms and I didn't say there is such a law but why does society expect me to give up my career when I have a child but not the father?

carefreewannabe:
You are a feminist

By the way, the North is also part of Nigeria.

If there is no law against child brides and no persecution of grown up men marrying children, then there is no education for all female children and the society is far from sanity.

Additonally, there is a recent British Council report that shows that women are not paid the same in Nigeria.

https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/67333/Gender-Nigeria2012.pdf

Look, I am not anti-men or anti-boys. I just feel like helping girls. If you feel like helping boys, please do it. I will even support you but my main interest is with girls. Simply because I am a woman.

carefreewannabe:
I really appreciate a discourse with someone who disagrees in a respectful way.

You are right but men are brought up to be independent and have greater choices in life to face the pressure and take a stand. Correct me if I am wrong.

There are plenty of posts on NL of men and women who say that they will give their teenage boys freedom that they will not give their daughters. It is ok for many people to see their teenage boys with girls but they will freak out if their daughters have a boyfriend.

In the pop culture boys call themselves "baddest boy" with pride but women will rather not. It is ok for a man to mess around but women are suppossed to act like they have no needs.

A woman should choose if she wants to be a mother or not. A woman, like a man, should choose what their primary roles are. It should not be determined by gender.

My point is that girls are raised in a way that they believe that a man will take care of themselves and later do not aspire to having their own. Instead of taking pride in academic achievements, they take pride in their mirror reflection because this is what will get them men and therefore a roof over their, sorry, empty heads. Society expects women to marry quite young, have children and support their husbands. Society does not encourage women to discover what they are really good at and how they can make a change outside the home.

I have no problem with stay-at-home moms but not every woman was meant to be one.

I think it is enough for the moment.

Kay17:

1. A right to abortion. Men are allowed full privacy rights, while women are denied the right to abort.

2. A woman lacks a corporate status in a marriage. The man assumed to speak for the union. Her identity dissolves in the marriage.

3. Labour laws in Nigeria are tailored to the needs of men. The legal obligations an employer has to the male employee do not exactly match those required for a woman.

4. The child girl is not fully guaranteed a right to education. Cultural regimes which indulge in early/child marriage are tolerated.

5. The woman doesn't have the right to free speech as a man. Her right is limited to cultural/moral/public considerations. And the typical post colonial African idea of a woman, is a housekeeper.

I will be back with more.

TV01:
I see your point here; extreme feminists demonise men while "regular" feminists either don't or indeed demand "equality" for men as well?

This presents problems as you are attempting to define feminists outside of feminism. Specifically it's tenets.

No fault divorce and the criteria for child custody and asset division is unfair to men. None of the feminist types "as described" are fighting against this.

Full reporductive rights for women, not only excludes men, but in it's fullness allows women to garnish responsibilities from men without affording them the attendant rights. Again, I do not see any feminsits as you've defined railing against this.

Your point is overly reductionist and simplistic. I feel feminism should be judged by it's outworkings on society as a whole - it's tenets and their implications - not just on whether some loathe men and some do not.

Just as we have men that hate women, we take action only against those who hate women and would deny or violate their rights. If some feminsits hate men, but are not acting in a way or promoting ideologies that actively harm them, what is the problem?


TV

pickabeau1:

I have taken d liberty of defining demonize .. see below and quoted the most apt definition

"Demonize: to mark out or describe as evil or culpable: the technique of demonizing the enemy in the run-up to war"

I ask you again

1. When you say demonize is that a group characteristic or a personal one as most of the comments i read by our resident feminists involve one comment saying men are dogs, men are cheats, evil etc bla bla bla

2. Are you saying that until i hear them speak, then i know whether they are radical or regular

TV01:
Thanks. Not that I believe CarefreeWannabe has answers. Her feminism is merely a question of women being treated as if they were men.

Now to this;

Firstly, the notion of rights is a recent one and oft times subject to perceptions and desires. Having said that, I totally get your point, so allow me too clarify mine;

Take the vote for example. There was a time when women were not allowed the vote. On the face of it, that seems discriminatory. Now delve deeper. Only heads of households were allowed to cast the vote as it was considered the household voted as a block. The Husband was typically the head, so he cast the vote. And perhaps the most pertinent point here is that other adult males who did not head households/own homes, were also denied an individual vote.

So to potray it as denying women their universal human rights is purposefully skewed. Things have changed, progress has been made and now the vote is universal. It was not truly a question of violation or of withholding in the first instance.

Again, a feministic reading of history. Feminists as in women did not single-handedly fight and win anything. And certainly not the recent 3 waves. To follow your ealier analogy, it would be like black people claiming they single-handedly abolished slavery.

It's outworkings destroy the fabric of society. One example;

The insistence on unrestricted sexual licence up to and including the convenience murder of unborn children.
As you have clearly heard Carefreewanabe and others argue, under the guise of equality and "reproductive health" they want women to be as promiscuous as they please and be sole determinants of the life and death the natural outcome of human coitus - and the whole reason we are complimentary not competitive - babies.

Further, they push for the resposibility that goes with this right to be bourne by men. Men are to be responsible for the children women decide to unilaterally have - and usually without custody or care rights for the men.

As we have seen recently, they also want to be able to have this "reproductive freedom" and men to pay for their contraceptive or abortion costs. Rights without repsonsibility.

Then there is no-fault divorce. A woman can commit adultery and decide to leave a man who has married, housed and provided for her and their kids unselfishly for years. He is then forced to leave the home but to continue to provide for his ex-wife and children.

The toxicity; . But further we can see the now fractured relationships between the sexes. Marriage breakdowns and hyper-delinquency due to the prevalence of broken homes.

Men are wising up and simply refusing to engage. Commiting to women is a risky and low value proposition for men. The indigenous peoples of most Western nations are in decline. Birthrates are falling.

Well the OP made the situation in Finland clear.

TV
^{**and I'm aware that in a narrow sense Finland is not technically Scandinavia. However, in a wider sense, Finalnd and other surrounding nations are grouped alongside. And more importantly, the social situation in view here is somewhat similar**}

Kay17: @crackhaus

@anony1

Those issues crackhaus diligently made can be resolved if women have the requisite rights. Because most Igbo women are not accorded the human right to dignity of a person, they are treated in such manner. Because most women lack economic rights, they fall into poverty upon divorce or widowship.

Adichie is obviously right. Women are not accorded respect, they are treated like objects, yet if they do have rights which translates to power,they become self assertive EVEN in their sexuality.

pickabeau1: Dude or Dudette

What i hear u say is the insults is what differentiates a radical feminist from radical one and you used a post from a poster as an example
Whati if i bring out posts where she has insulted people.. she suddenly becomes radical// thats weak men

I expected something along the lines of ideological differences not something which is a personality issue

Insulting or using cuss words should not be an ideological characteristic but a personal one

crackhaus:
All these you just listed are just ideologies based on competition which you have disguised as equality. I won't even bother picking them out one by one, but believe me when I say I have good refutations to each.

But see I'm your friend, let me tell you what feminism in Nigeria should be fighting against/for as the case may be.
I only want to help because as I have always known, feminists are a pretty confused bunch, so imma help out:

1. Mama Ngozi just lost her husband, she was made to undergo some traditional rites that were barbaric, she was locked in a room for three days and was given minimal food, she was maltreated because they accused her of killing her husband.

Carefree, as a feminist, this is your fight and should be the fight of all genuine feminists and pro-equalists.

2. Mama Kamilu is old and tired, she has lost her children. She now walks on the street begging alms because her village council banished her on the ground that she is a witch.

Feminists, focus please. This is what you should be fighting against.

3. Blessing and Charity are sisters, they have a brother. John (brother) wasn't asked to go with his Aunt to Spain, instead it was his two sisters who were deceived into prostitution in Spain by their Aunty under the guise of going for schooling.

Carefree, as a feminist, this is what you and your comrades should be championing and fighting against.

I hope you get the point...

TV01:
Women have the right and opportunity to marry or not. That some believe - as I do - that marriage is central for both men and women and should be entered into mindful of biological imperatives, does not call for a "movement" to still dissenting beliefs


Why is the celebration of bad boys a social issue? Are they bad by themselves? And if they are bad, is the answer to enjoin women to be equally bad?


Women are designed for motherhood. why is it wrong for men and or women to consider this a primary role? Why is it an issue if some believe this? Why mist feminism eradicate different convictions?


Where are women legally refused the right to inheritor own property?


Needlessly so. Feminism is causeless and the gains often attributed to it happened despite it, not because of it. Progress would always have been made in terms of equality. Fact. Feminism has just co-opted and claimed those gains, Now given it's head, it is clearly evident how destructive it is.


TV

TV01:
Progress made by women was handed to them by men - and in many cases, rightly so - just don't make it sound like women fought and single-handedly achieved the gains.

Why are you making it sound like feminism is no longer extant in the West? Especially when it's toxicity is deeply evidenced in society.

And with hope and time to avoid the mess in places like Scandinavia.

carefreewannabe:
Social issues such as the name calling of women who are not married and past 30.

Social issues such as the celebraion of "bad boys" but discrimination of women who are not ashamed of having a libido.

Social and economic issues such as the conviction that a woman's primary role is motherhood.

Economic issues such as the ownership of properties.

I could go on and on.

carefreewannabe:
Now answer my questions, please:

- Do you believe women should have the right to vote?

- Do you believe women should be paid the same salary as men doing the same work?

- Do you believe women should have the right to be educated?

pickabeau1:


Bro.....you have not answered it
Rather just said a radical feminist demonizes men

How do I recognise a regular feminist or a radical one

Do they not use the same language...

carefreewannabe: . . . . .Like I said, you are talking about feminism without getting the idea behind it. I am a feminist and I do not hate men.

coogar:

no, it hasn't been achieved!
until men are forced to implant wombs in their tummies and carry babies for 9 months like women, the movement is just only starting.

Kay17:

In your belief, what were the goals of feminism in the past that are redundant today?

pickabeau1:



Let's discuss here

What's the definitions of a feminist and what is the difference between these two mind you

There are so many categories

Christian feminist
Pro-life feminist
Radical feminist
Islamic feminist


So many..just discuss on those two for now

coogar:

of course - there are different kinds of terrorists too. radical terrorists & liberal ones. be deceiving yourself.

coogar:

there's no difference. a woman is either a feminist or she's not. saying it's different defeats the purpose of the cause.