₦airaland Forum

Aishwarya Rai Bachchan: Bollywood actress and her eight-year-old daughter 'admitted to hospital' with COVID-19

Indian actress Aishwarya Rai Bachchan and her young daughter have been admitted to hospital after testing positive for COVID-19 earlier this week.

The 46-year-old Bollywood star and former Miss World and eight-year-old Aaradhya, who had been self-isolating at home, are being treated at Mumbai's Nanavati Hospital, Indian news agency ANI reported.

It comes just days after her actor husband Abhishek Bachchan, 44, and 77-year-old father-in-law Amitabh Bachchan - a Bollywood legend - were admitted to hospital after testing positive for COVID-19, the disease caused by coronavirus.

Source: https://news.sky.com/story/aishwarya-rai-bachchan-bollywood-actress-and-her-eight-year-old-daughter-admitted-to-hospital-with-covid-19-12031038

SOME INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT NIGERIA

1. Nigeria is currently 7TH MOST POPULOUS country in the world, with estimated population 206 million. It ranks after China, India, USA, Indonesia, Pakistan & Brazil, in that order. Nigeria has approx 15.4% of Africa's 1.34B population, and 2.64% of the world's 7.797B population. (REF: https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/population-by-country/ ).

2. It is 7TH LARGEST PRODUCER OF CRUDE OIL, after USA, Saudi Arabia, Russia, China, Canada & Norway. (REF: https://knoema.com/atlas/topics/Energy/Oil/Production-of-crude-oil ).

3. It is 5TH LARGEST PRODUCER OF COCOA, after Ivory Coast, Ghana, Ecuador & Cameroon. (Ref: https://www.statista.com/statistics/263855/cocoa-bean-production-worldwide-by-region/ ).

4. It is 4TH LARGEST PRODUCER OF SESAME SEED, after Myanmar, India and Tanzania. (REF: https://www.nationmaster.com/nmx/ranking/sesame-seed-production ).

5. Nigeria is the 3RD MOST MULTILINGUAL country on the planet, with at least 515 living languages. It ranks after Papua New Guinea's 840 and Indonesia's 710. Thus, 7.24% of the world’s total 7,117 living languages are found in Nigeria. (REF: https://www.ethnologue.com/enterprise-faq/which-countries-have-most-languages )

6. Nigeria's "Nollywood" is the 2ND LARGEST FILM INDUSTRY in the world by its output of approx 2,500 movies per year, ranking next only to India's "Bollywood". (REF: https://www.videoageinternational.net/2018/01/09/cover-stories/a-new-nollywood-a-close-second-to-bollywood-larger-than-hollywood/ ).

7. It is 2ND LARGEST PRODUCER OF GINGER, after India. (REF: https://www.atlasbig.com/en-gb/countries-by-ginger-production ).

8. Nigeria is the LARGEST ECONOMY IN AFRICA with GDP $496.12B, and is 27th globally. (REF: https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/countries-by-gdp/ ).

9. Nigeria has the current WEALTHIEST BLACK MAN & RICHEST AFRICAN in the world. He is a 63 year old named Aliko Dangote, with net worth over US$7b. (REF: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliko_Dangote ).

10. Nigerians are the MOST SUCCESSFUL ETHNIC GROUP IN THE USA. (REF: https://www.ozy.com/around-the-world/the-most-successful-ethnic-group-in-the-u-s-may-surprise-you/86885/ ).

11. Nigeria has THE BEST JOLLOF RICE in the world. (REF: me, prof2007).

When Maria Grette first discovered that the 58-year-old Danish man with whom she had fallen in love was actually a 24-year-old Nigerian "419" internet scammer, the 62-year-old Swede was distraught. But, soon, her feelings changed.

"The most terrible thing was not that he had cheated me, but that he had lost his innocence," she said. She became consumed with what she describes as "a profound need to make a difference to the people of Nigeria".

Ms Grette's relationship with Johnny (not his real name) began after an evening of fun and games with her girlfriends, during which they playfully created a profile for her on an online dating website. A few years before, she had gone through a traumatic divorce, and her friends teased her about finally starting a new relationship.

But when the fun of creating her profile was over, Ms Grette, who works as an arts teacher, painter and arts therapist, didn't give much further thought to the website. "I received messages telling me people had contacted me, but I never looked at them," she said.

Then, one day, she did. "I still don't know why," she said. "It was like a sudden impulse happening before I could stop it." That particular message was from a man who described himself as a Dane raised in South Carolina, USA; a civil engineer working on a contract in England; a widower with a son in a Manchester university. "I was caught up by the atmosphere and by something in his words," she said.

THE PREAMBLE
Johnny: "I wish I could see through your eyes and see what you like to see"
Maria: "I like to see the truth, and often the truth is more beautiful and greater than people dare to realize"
Johnny: "You talk in parables. I can´t wait to see you"
Maria: "I cant understand how you can think so dedicated of me, when you have never met me. That scares me."

They spent some time writing, then he called from a UK number. Ms Grette, who had lived in different countries across Europe, was surprised that she could not place the man's accent. She mentioned this to him but didn't give it too much thought.

He told her he was planning for his retirement; had Sweden in mind for a place to settle; owned a house in Denmark inherited from his parents; wanted to leave that to his son, Nick, who was very attached to it, while he looked for a new home for himself in Sweden.

"I wanted to meet him because I liked him," she said. "He had a way and a sweetness I had never known in a man before. And he was innocent in a way that puzzled me." Ms Grette put all these qualities down to "an old fashioned upbringing and an isolated life - living in hotels and spending his free time on golf courses owing to much travelling".

After 3 months of communicating, the man agreed to come over and visit her in Sweden. But before that, he and his son needed to make a quick trip to Nigeria for a job interview, he said.

Johnny called to let her know that he was at Heathrow Airport. And to say that he had landed in Nigeria. He also got her to speak with Nick. The next phone call was to tell her that he was in a Lagos hospital. They had been mugged, his son shot in the head, and they were without money and papers. Unfortunately, his bank did not have a branch in Africa, he added, so it would take time to transfer money from his UK account. Meanwhile, the hospital management was requesting €1000 to proceed with treatment.

THE REQUEST
"Honey, I am in the hospital right now using the doctor´s laptop to send you this message so you can know my situation. Honey, if Nick dies I will also die with him, I have been crying, I wish I could call you, I wish I never came here, I will never forgive myself for bringing Nick along with me. I will call you with the doctor´s phone and send you an email later if I have the chance.

"Honey, I am happy to hear from you and I am still at the hospital. The doctor said we were lucky we were not kidnapped. The bank does not have a location in Africa, so it will take time to get money and the management are requesting 1000 euros to proceed with treatment. Nick is all I have got and I will not forgive myself if anything happens to him. I am confused, and I do not know where to turn at the moment......"

"I will never forget how I rushed to the Western Union office, trembling while I did the transfer," Ms Grette said. "All I could think of was to get the two persons in Nigeria out of danger."

The plot developed after that initial transfer. Medical complications called for more money. The doctors demanded more advance fees. Several thousands of euro later, in what she describes as "coming to her senses", Maria realised something was amiss. She stopped responding to his messages.

Three weeks after her silence, he called her and confessed. He told her that he was not who she thought he was. "I said I already knew that. I asked him to tell me his true identity and he did." He was a 24-year-old Nigerian "419" scammer. He had finished university 2 years earlier but had no job.

These kind of advance fee frauds are known as 419 scams in Nigeria after the section of the Criminal Code which covers fraud.

He further described himself as a "devil" who had wronged "a lovely woman". "He said he had never met anyone like me before, that he had been fighting his feelings for me for a long time. He said his scamming mates had warned him about falling in love with a 'client', that he had ignored them because he trusted me and did not want to lose contact with me."

THE REVEAL
From this point on, their communication took a new turn. There were no further requests for cash. "The attraction I started feeling was to the person who was revealing himself to me... It was still him, but with a new name and different age and circumstances," she said.

Johnny sent her a photograph of himself, but Maria was not satisfied with that. "I wanted to meet him," she said. "I could not live with this relationship unless it was adjusted to reality in all senses." Unable to get him a visa to travel to Sweden, she made up her mind to go to Nigeria.

In October 2009, Ms Grette travelled to Africa for the first time in her life. "When I saw him at the airport in Abuja, tears fell over his face, and I knew I had known him all my life." Ms Grette described her two weeks in Nigeria as blissful, a period during which she and Johnny succeeded in transforming their romantic feelings for each other into a good friendship.

She met his friends, many of whom were also scammers. It was while enjoying their company one night in a local bar that she began to wonder how she could make a difference. "I asked myself what I could do to prevent a situation where healthy, good young men fall into this trap," she said.

An idea came to her 2 years later, in 2011, after she saw an article on a Nigerian news website about an arts exhibition. Over the past 6 years, Ms Grette has arranged for a number of African artists to visit Europe for arts exhibitions, workshops, conferences and competitions. She has assisted them to source international grants and other funding to advance their work.

She has also visited Uganda to give talks on art, and is looking forward to another visit to Nigeria scheduled for later this year.

Ms Grette, now 69 and living in Norway, is elated at the opportunity to improve the lives of these young artists. "Johnny has given me more than he took," she said, "Without him, I would not have met Africa." When she'd visited him in Abuja, Johnny promised Ms Grette that he would give up scamming. With her assistance, he left Nigeria shortly afterwards, to study in America.

Although they have not met each other again since, she continued to provide him with financial assistance until he completed his degree a few years ago and got a job in the American oil sector. They still communicate frequently, updating themselves on each other's lives; and last year, he bought one of her paintings which she shipped over to him in America.

"He is very dear to me," she said. "He has asked me so many times to forgive him and I told him that the most important thing is to forgive himself."

SOURCE (abridged): https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-37632259

Per capita, Japan has more elderly than any other country in the world. So, why haven't more people in Japan died from Covid-19? It is a macabre question that has spawned dozens of theories, from Japanese manners to claims that Japanese have superior immunity.

Japan does not have the lowest death rate for Covid-19; in the region, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Vietnam can all boast lower mortality. But in the early 2020, Japan saw fewer deaths than average. This is despite the fact that in April, Tokyo saw about 1,000 "excess deaths' - perhaps due to Covid. Yet, for the year as a whole, it is possible Japan's overall deaths will be lower than 2019.

This is particularly striking because Japan has many of the conditions that make it vulnerable to Covid-19, but it never adopted the energetic approach to tackling the virus that some of its neighbours did.

WHAT HAPPENED IN JAPAN?
At the height of the outbreak in Wuhan in February, when the city's hospitals were overwhelmed and the world put up walls to Chinese travellers, Japan kept borders open. As the virus spread, it quickly became clear that Covid is a disease that primarily kills the elderly and is massively amplified by crowds or prolonged close contact. Per capita, Japan has more elderly than any other country. Japan's population is also densely packed into huge cities.

Greater Tokyo has a mind-boggling 37 million people and for most of them, the only way to get around is on the city's notoriously packed trains. Then there is Japan's refusal to heed the advice of the World Health Organization (WHO) to "test, test, test". Even now, total PCR tests stand at just 348,000, or 0.27% of Japan's population.

Nor has Japan had a lockdown on the scale or severity of Europe. Early April, the government ordered a state of emergency. But the stay-at-home was voluntary. Non-essential businesses were asked to close, but there was no legal penalty for refusing.

Many paragons of Covid strategy, such as New Zealand and Vietnam, used tough measures including closing borders, tight lockdowns, large-scale testing and strict quarantines - but Japan did none of that. Yet, 5 months after the first Covid case was reported there, Japan has fewer than 20,000 confirmed cases and fewer than 1,000 deaths. The state of emergency has been lifted, and life is rapidly returning to normal.

There is also growing scientific evidence that Japan really has contained the spread of the disease - so far. Telecom giant Softbank carried out antibody testing on 40,000 employees, which showed that just 0.24% had been exposed to the virus. Randomised testing of 8,000 people in Tokyo and two other prefectures has shown even lower levels of exposure. In Tokyo just 0.1% came back positive.

As he announced lifting of the state of emergency late last month, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe spoke proudly of the "Japan Model", intimating that other countries should learn from Japan.

IS THERE SOMETHING SPECIAL ABOUT JAPAN?
If you were to listen to Deputy Prime Minister Taro Aso, it is down to the "superior quality" of Japanese people. In a now notorious comment, Mr Aso said he had been asked by leaders of other countries to explain Japan's success. "I told these people: 'Between your country and our country, mindo (the level of people) is different.' And that made them speechless and quiet."

Literally translated, mindo means "people's level", although some have translated it as meaning "cultural level". It is a concept dating back to Japan's imperial era and denotes a sense of racial superiority and cultural chauvinism. Mr Aso has been roundly condemned for using it. But there is no doubt that many Japanese, and some scientists, think there is something about Japan that is different - a so called "Factor X" that is protecting the population from Covid-19.

It is possibly relevant that some aspects of Japanese mores (few hugs/kisses on greeting) have in-built social distancing, but nobody thinks that is the answer.

DOES JAPAN HAVE SPECIAL IMMUNITY?
Tokyo University professor Tatsuhiko Kodama (who studies how Japanese patients react to the virus) believes Japan may have had Covid before. Not Covid-19, but something similar that could have left behind "historical immunity".

This is how he explains it: When a virus enters the human body, the immune system produces antibodies that attack the invading pathogen. There are two types of antibody - IGM and IGG. How they respond can show whether someone has been exposed to the virus before, or something similar.

"In a primary (new) viral infection the IGM response usually comes first," he tells me. "Then the IGG response appears later. But in secondary cases (previous exposure) the lymphocyte already has memory, and so only the IGG response increases rapidly."

SO, WHAT HAPPENED WITH HIS PATIENTS?
"When we looked at the tests we were astonished... in all patients the IGG response came quickly, and the IGM response was later and weak. It looked like they had been previously exposed to a very similar virus."

He thinks it is possible a Sars-like virus has circulated in the region before, which may account for the low death rate, not just in Japan, but in much of China, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and South East Asia. This has been met with some scepticism.

"I am not sure how such a virus could be restricted to Asia," says Professor Kenji Shibuya, director of Public Health at Kings College, London and a former senior adviser to the government. Professor Shibuya does not discount the possibility of regional differences in immunity or genetic susceptibility to Covid. But he is suspicious of the idea of a "Factor X" that explains the mortality differences.

He thinks countries that have done well in the fight against Covid, have done so for the same reason - they succeeded in dramatically reducing transmission. Japanese people began wearing face masks more than 100 years ago during the 1919 flu pandemic and they've never really stopped. If you get a cough or a cold here it is expected that you will don a mask to protect those around you.

"I think it (a mask) acts as a physical barrier. But it also serves as a reminder to everybody to be mindful. That we still have to be careful around each other," says Keiji Fukuda, an influenza specialist and director of the School of Public Health at Hong Kong University.

Japan's track and trace system also goes back to the 1950s when it battled a wave of tuberculosis. The government set up a nationwide network of public health centres to identify new infections and report them to the health ministry. If community transmission is suspected, a specialist team is dispatched to track the infections, relying on meticulous human contact tracing and isolation.

JAPAN DISCOVERED THE THREE Cs EARLY
Japan also discovered two significant patterns early in the pandemic. Dr Kazuaki Jindai, a medical researcher at Kyoto university and member of the cluster-suppression taskforce, said data showed over 33% of infections originated in very similar places.

"Our figures... showed many infected people had visited music venues where there is screaming and singing... we knew that those were the places people needed to avoid." The team identified "heavy breathing in close proximity" including "singing at karaoke parlours, parties, cheering at clubs, conversations in bars and exercising in gyms" as the highest-risk activities.

Second, the team found that the infection's spread was down to a small percentage of those carrying the virus.
An early study found around 80% of those with Sars-CoV-2 did not infect others, while 20% were highly infectious.

These discoveries led to the government launching a nationwide campaign warning people to avoid the "Three Cs":
-- Closed spaces with poor ventilation
-- Crowded places with many people
-- Close contact settings such as face-to-face conversations.

"I think that probably worked better than just telling people to stay at home," Dr Jindai says. Although workplaces were left off the list, it was hoped the "Three Cs" campaign would slow the spread enough to avoid lockdown - and fewer infections means fewer deaths.

For a while it did - but then in mid-March infections in Tokyo jumped and the city looked like it was on the path to exponential growth, like Milan, London and New York. At this point Japan either got smart or got lucky. The jury is still out on which.

TIMING, TIMING
Professor Kenji Shibuya thinks the lessons from Japan are not so different from elsewhere: "To me, it was a timing lesson." Prime Minister Shinzo Abe ordered a (non-enforceable) state of emergency on 7 April, asking people to stay at home "if possible".

"If such measures were delayed, we might have experienced a similar situation like New York or London. The death rate (in Japan) is low. "But a recent study by Columbia University suggests that if New York had implemented lockdown measure two weeks earlier, it would have prevented tens of thousands of deaths," Prof Shibuya notes.

A recent report by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found people with underlying medical conditions such as heart disease, obesity and diabetes are 6 times more likely to be hospitalised if they get Covid-19 and 12 times more likely to die.

Japan has the lowest rates of coronary heart disease and obesity in the developed world. Still, scientists insist such vital signs do not explain everything. "Those kinds of physical differences may have some effect but I think the other areas are more important. We've learned from Covid that there is no simple explanation for any of the phenomena that we're seeing. It's a lot of factors contributing to the final outcome," says Prof Fukuda.

THE GOVERNMENT ASKED, PEOPLE LISTENED
To go back to Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's boast of the "Japan Model" - is there a lesson to be learned? Does the fact that Japan has, so far, succeeded in keeping infections and deaths low, without shutting down or ordering people to stay at home, show a way forward? The answer is yes and no.

There is no "Factor X". Like everywhere else it has depended on the same thing - breaking the chain of transmission. In Japan, though, the government can count on the public to comply. Despite not ordering people to stay at home, on the whole, they did.

"It was lucky but also surprising," Prof Shibuya says. "Japan's mild lockdowns seems to have had a real lockdown effect. Japanese people complied despite the lack of draconian measures."

"How do you reduce contact between infected and uninfected people...? You need a certain kind of response from the public, which I don't think is going to be so easily replicated in other countries," adds Prof Fukuda.

Japan asked people to take care, stay away from crowded places, wear masks and wash their hands - and by and large, that is exactly what most people have done.

SOURCE (abridged): https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-53188847?utm_source=pocket-newtab-global-en-GB

12. IKOGOSI WARM SPRING
Location: Ikogosi Town, Aramoko LGA, Ekiti State.
Founded: Discovered in 1950 by a Baptist Missionary.
Travel time: Approx 5 hours (Lagos to Ikogosi, 282 km via Lagos-Ibadan Expressway & Ibadan-Ilesha Expressway).
Environment: Tropical rain forest, hills, waterfalls, streams and rivers.
Activities: Hiking, rock-climbing, swimming, wildlife trail, fishing, meditation, picnics, warm spring, cold spring, amphitheatre, gym.
Room rates: From N12,500 per night.

11. PANDAM GAME RESERVE
Location: Pandam Town, Qua’an Pan LGA, Plateau State.
Founded: 1972
Travel time: Approx 3.5 hours (Jos to Pandam, 186 km via Makurdi-Jos Road).
Environment: Elevated hills, savanna grasslands, plateaus, rocks, waterfalls, rivers, gorges, lakes.
Activities: Hiking, wildlife watching, camping, rock-climbing, sport fishing, boating, meditation, picnics, Pandam forest, Pandam Improvised Museum, Pandam Lake.
Room rates: From N12,000 per night.
Caveat: Currently deemed unsafe due to activities of hoodlums along the Pandam-Namu road.

10. KAINJI NATIONAL PARK (first National Park in Nigeria)
Location: Niger & Kwara States.
Founded: 1978.
Travel time: Approx. 3 hours (Ilorin to Kainji, 208 km).
Environment: Savanna forest with rivers.
Activities: Wildlife watching, boating, wildlife museum, conservation lectures, Hydropower facility tour, fishing, sightseeing, camping, indoor games.
Room rates: From N7,700 per night.

9. OBA OF BENIN ROYAL PALACE (UNESCO Heritage Site)
Location: Benin City, Edo State.
Founded: c.1255 AD (designated a World Heritage Site 1999).
Travel time: 5 hours (Lagos to Benin, 319 km via Sagamu-Benin Expressway).
Environment: Savanna/urban.
Activities: Sightseeing, Benin wall and moat, Lady Emotan statue, Benin bronzes, Ivory and wood carvings, Okomu National Park, Igue Festival, Benin City National Museum, University of Benin, Egedege N'Okaro (first storey building in Benin Kingdom & whole of Mid-Western Region i.e. present Edo/Delta States. Built 1906 by Late Chief Iyamu, Inneh of Benin Kingdom and great grandfather of Osagie Ize-Iyamu).
Room rates: From N6,000 per night.

8. OSUN OSOGBO GROVE (UNESCO World Heritage Centre)
Location: Osogbo, Osun State.
Founded: Before 1400 AD. Declared a National Monument 1965 (designated a World Heritage Site 2005).
Travel time: 4.5 hours (Lagos to Osogbo 225 km via Lagos-Ibadan Expressway).
Environment: Primary high forest, riverine.
Activities: Sightseeing, meditation, wildlife watching, Osun-Osogbo festival, Osun River procession, Iwopopo or street cleansing, lighting of Atupa Oloju-Merindinlogun (16-eyed lamp, reportedly built in 1373 AD).
Room rates: From N7,500 per night.

7. NGWO PINE FOREST
Location: Ngwo-Asaa, Enugu State.
Founded: Unknown
Travel time: Approx 8.5 hours (Lagos to Enugu, 560 km via Sagamu-Benin Expressway).
Environment: Pine forest.
Activities: Hiking, picnics, meditation, waterfall, natural pool, limestone cave.
Room rates: From N3,800 per night.

6. YANKARI NATIONAL PARK, GAME RESERVE & RESORT (Nigeria’s biggest National Park)
Location: Bauchi State.
Founded: 1956 (designated a National Park in 1991 via Decree 36).
Travel time: Approx. 2 hours 40 mins (Gombe to Yankari).
Environment: Savannah grassland with patches of woodland, rolling hills.
Activities: Wildlife watching, Tennis, Children's playground, Swimming pool, Fitness Center, Outdoor games, BBQ Facilities, Dukkey Wells, Tunga Dutse rock, Wikki warm spring, Dimmil warm spring, Gwana warm spring, Mawulgo warm springs, Tungan Maliki cool spring, Kalban Hill, Marshall caves, Kariyo Hill, Tonglong gorge.
Room rates: From N2,500 per night.

5. IBENO BEACH (Longest beach in Africa, 45km long)
Location: Ibeno LGA, Akwa Ibom State.
Founded: First occupied c.1200–1500 BC by the Ibeno tribe.
Travel time: Approx. 11 hours (Lagos to Ibeno, 748 km via Sagamu-Benin Expressway).
Environment: Coastal.
Activities: Swimming, beach strolls, sea watching, boat rides, beach volleyball, water sports, beach soccer, sunbathing, archery, horse-riding.
Room rates: From N5,500 per night.

4. OGBUNIKE CAVES (UNESCO Heritage Site)
Location: Ogbunike Town, Oyi LGA, Anambra State.
Founded: Discovered approx 4,000 years ago, by Ukwa, a man from Umucheke family of Ifite-Ogbunike. Added to UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List 2007.
Travel time: Approx 7 hours (Lagos to Ogbunike, 468 km via Sagamu-Benin Expressway).
Environment: Tropical rain forest.
Activities: Exploration of caves, Bat colonies, Nwanyi Akpanyi ("Talking Stone" ), River Nkissa, Ime Ogbe Festival, Ada Ogbunike beauty pageant.
Room rates: From N7,000 per night.

The Federal Government has halted subsidy on Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) aka petrol. Minister of State for Petroleum Resources, Timipre Sylva, announced this on Thursday. He said the decision was in line with the deregulation of the downstream oil sector.

Sylva, in a statement, noted that the move would boost the economic growth and development of Nigeria. He said that the government cannot continue to subsidise petrol because it had no economic value. He said after a thorough examination of the economics, “the government concluded that it was unrealistic to continue with the burden of subsidising PMS to the tune of trillions of naira every year”.

Sylva pointed out that the subsidy was benefiting the rich rather than the poor and ordinary Nigerians. “Deregulation means that Government will no longer continue to be the main supplier of Petroleum Products, but will encourage the private sector to take over the role of supplying Petroleum Products,” he said.

The minister added that henceforth, market forces will determine the price at the pump. He assured that the government would continue to play its role of regulation to ensure that the commodity was not priced arbitrarily by private sector suppliers.

SOURCE: https://dailypost.ng/2020/07/09/nigerian-govt-ends-subsidy-on-petrol/

3. OKE-IDANRE HILLS (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Location: Idanre Town, Ondo State.
Founded: Discovered by Rev. Gilbert Carter in 1894, added to UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List 8 Oct 2007.
Travel time: Approx 5 hours (Lagos to Idanre, 293 km via Sagamu-Benin Expressway).
Environment: Forest, Hills and valleys.
Activities: Visits to Owa's Palace, Shrines, Old Court, Belfry, Iraye tree, Orosun Hill, Arun River, Agbooogun footprint, thunder water (Omi Apaara), Aghagha Hill, Orosun Festival, Mare Festival.
Room rates: From N7,750 per night.

2. GASHAKI-GUMPTI NATIONAL PARK
Location: Taraba/Adamawa States, along the Cameroon border.
Founded: 1991
Travel time: Approx 10 hours (Jos to Serti).
Environment: Savannah grassland, rolling hills, gorges, montane forests.
Activities: Chimp-tracking, visit to Fulani villages, hiking, sight-seeing of wild animals (primates, lions, elephants, hippos, buffaloes), visit to Chappal Waddi (Nigeria’s highest mountain).
Room rates: From N1500 a night (but you must bring your own food).

The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted tourism negatively. However, as the saying goes, "this too shall pass away". Listed below are some interesting tourist destinations in Nigeria...

1. OBUDU MOUNTAIN RESORT
Location: Cross River State.
Founded: 1951
Travel time: Approx 5 hours (Calabar to Obudu).
Environment: Tropical rain forest.
Activities: Swimming, hiking, golf, gym, horse-riding, bonfires, cable cars, canopy walkway.
Room rates: From N25,000 per night.

babytoun:
so wetin 'Edo' man dey find for NDDC job na ?

"NDDC EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN
The position of Executive Chairman of the NDDC has been a subject of much debate. A compromise was reached where the position would be rotated within the nine oil producing states in alphabetical order: Abia, Akwa Ibom, Bayelsa, Cross River, Delta, Edo, Imo, Ondo and Rivers."

Do you perform oven baking?

Week 1: PERSISTENCE

Galations 6:9. "And let us not grow weary of doing good, for in due season we will reap, if we do not give up.".

Romans 12:21 "Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good."

Philippians 4:13 "I can do all things through Him who strengthens me."

INVESTIGATION
The only source of water for some remote communities in Karshi council has been ruined by mine workers with Hongao Mining Company Ltd, a Chinese firm. The miners who are being protected by security operatives have made residents vulnerable to COVID-19 as the people have been unable to wash their hands as frequently as they should in this era.

A stream which serves Angwandadi (location of the company site) and at least 8 neighbouring communities is no longer safe for use, no thanks to Hongao Mining which has been using the water (that runs by the site) to wash its stones.

Farmers depend on the stream to water their crops and quench their thirst. But they now have to trek long distances to find alternative means of water. The road to the village is so bad that it has become a breeding ground for kidnappers.

Heading towards Kutasa where Angwandadi is located, a first-timer would immediately notice it is totally cut off from the nation’s capital in terms of infrastructural development. It lies about 70 km north of Abuja. The road to the village is covered by bushes, battered by erosion and occasionally plays host to kidnappers — some persons were abducted along the road a few days before one of the visits.

Not only does the community lack accessible roads, it also grapples with lack of electricity while hospitals and schools remain imaginary luxuries for the villagers. But none of these issues trouble the community like the activities of Hongao.

“The water was good for various uses before they (the Chinese company) came and spoilt it. The one we have at home is being contaminated too by cattle. No borehole, no hospital. This is how we live in Kutasa. No water; we suffer to get water to drink,” Mariamu Bahago, whose farm is not so far from the company site, told TheCable.

LOCATION OF HONGAO OPERATION SITE VS PATH OF VOOVO STREAM
For 2 months, TheCable monitored operations of the company. Documents and interviews with more than a dozen contacts showed some of their activities are not in line with laid-down procedures. Even though the company has exploration licences EL28811 and EL28644, it is illegally using water from the stream to wash stones extracted after which the waste finds its way back to the river in contravention of the Minerals and Mining act.

Worse still, the company failed to provide a borehole for the community despite fervent pleas. Section 61 of the mining act states that every holder of an exploration licence shall:
“(a) conduct exploration activities in a safe, friendly, skilful, efficient, and workmanlike manner in accordance with the regulations;
(b) conduct exploration activities in an environmentally and socially responsible manner; and ….
(e) not abstract, divert or discharge water or effluent from any Watercourse except in compliance with a water use permit and regulations.”

COMPANY SITE LOCATED BY THE STREAM
During one of the visits to the site, TheCable reporter, hiding in nearby undergrowth to avert the gaze of gun-wielding policemen, observed how the miners carried out their operations. Going too close, one of the villagers told the reporter, will be “too dangerous.”

We watched how, with the aid of an excavator, the operators dug out sand from the ground which is then washed with water diverted from the stream, to sieve preferred stones from the sediments. After that process, the water meandered into the stream and ultimately into the body systems of the residents of Kutasa and their neighbours.

A technical officer at the FCT mines and steel development’s mines inspectorate department (the office empowered by law to approve guidelines for miners and enforce mining regulations) told TheCable they have no records of Hongao. The official, who pleaded anonymity because he was not authorised to speak on the matter, said he could not confirm activities at the site, but added that a team would be raised to inspect the place.

While in the community, one could hear clearly the sound of the machines used by Hongao. TheCable learnt that the Chinese company first came to the village long before November 2019 when they signed a “compensation agreement” with the 7 owners of the land for “small-scale mining operations”. Yuan Jian, secretary/director of Hongao, signed on behalf of the company, as seen in document obtained by TheCable.

That payment, Ishaya Bahago (traditional ruler of Kutasa) said, has been the only form of compensation the community has received from the company. At least 5 other villagers including Samaila Tabo, the youth leader, said they met brick-wall in the requests to the company for a borehole.

Although no law mandates miners to provide water supply for their host communities, it is illegal to ruin existing water supply. It is on this basis Hongao is expected to create an alternative source for the residents after contaminating their water source.

A laboratory analysis carried out by TheCable confirmed the water is highly turbid and unfit for drinking. In the analysis done at the FCT water board, Okobi O. Y. who signed the report on behalf of the general manager, noted that “physio-chemical analysis shows high levels of turbidity, nitrate and iron” and that “water may need further treatment.”

REPORT OF LAB ANALYSIS ON THE WATER
When contacted by TheCable, Austine Akpuma, a director at Hongao, admitted that through its activities, the company has contaminated the water source of the villages but he gave security challenge as an excuse for not providing a borehole for the people whose lives have been badly affected.

He said Hongao has contacted 9 companies to drill borehole in the community but most of them refused to “because of kidnappers” who are usually on the road to Kutasa. A borehole which the company finally built for the community in May is still not functional till date.

U. J. Elimelechi, an armed policeman who accompanied the officials, said he was not aware of any form of illegality in the company’s operations. Akpuma had earlier said Hongao applied to the force headquarters before the policemen were sent.

Yusuf Bulus, a geologist who often visits the area for research purposes, explained the excavation process at the site: “They are alluvial minerals — deposits formed when minerals are eroded from their source, and then transported by water to a new locale, but they are able to operate now because the river is not flowing as it used to deep into the rainy season.

“What now happens is that the water they are using to wash the stones is entering the paths of that river and flowing that way to the neighbouring communities that also use it. It is meant to be natural water that will flow to other channels but it is not the case; the water flowing now is being controlled by men.”

Frank Mba, police spokesman, did not answer calls to his phone, and had not responded to a message sent to him at the time this report was filed. Anjuguri Manzah, spokesman of the FCT police command, was also contacted for comments but no response.

GAINING AT THE EXPENSE OF THE LAW
Ishak Magaji, a mining researcher and lawyer acting on behalf of the community, told TheCable that Hongao did not reach any legal agreement with the community before it started extracting minerals.

“From our findings, we discovered that before they started operating, they did not enter any form of agreement with the community,” he said. “Exploration helps you know if a mining site is viable or not. But in respect of this company, what we have seen is (that) they are carrying out full-scale mining because the machines we saw operating there, I have never seen a gold processing machine bigger than that or a washer bigger than what this company is using.”

Although the company denied they have started mining, one of their labourers alleged they get up to 10kg of gold, a claim we could not verify.

TheCable reporter had, during one of numerous visits to the site, posed as a businessman looking to buy gold. The labourer explained how the company operates: “This machine, if it starts work, e dey go continuous for one week … the gold wey e dey carry am for house, I know say e go pass 10 kilo, any day.”

He added that one gram of gold sells for N15,000 on the site and could go for N17,000 in the market around Suleja, Niger state.

"WE ARE HELPLESS"
In 2019, Bahago said the community and Hongao allegedly agreed to construct a primary school block but none of these promises — borehole or school — has been fulfilled.

“The Chinese are not responding and we are tired of the whole issue,” the traditional ruler groaned, adding that all efforts to seek redress from the government have failed. Gado, who is in his 50s, laments the community is frustrated and doesn’t know what to do

Tabo, the youth leader, said the residents are planning to protest against the miners. He also said the company had given “all kinds of excuses” to further delay drilling a borehole for them as they no longer have any reliable water source.

HOW DANGEROUS CAN MINING BE TO THE HUMAN BODY AND THE ENVIRONMENT?
Johnson Amobi, a senior lecturer at geology department of the University of Nigeria Nsukka, spoke of how impurities from gold mining can pollute farm lands and water bodies.

Amobi, who has worked as a mining consultant in northern Nigeria, explained: “Gold just like other metallic minerals in nature are in their crude form; this implies they occur with other impurities which are called gangue while the metal gold is the essential material.

“The percentage of the essential material (here gold) to the gangue defines the rank for that particular deposit. As rank varies from deposit to deposit, the gangue form the non-essential materials which are the impurities which vary from deposit to deposit.”

HOW NIGERIA LOSES BILLIONS IN SOLID MINERALS SECTOR
Although there are no official up-to-date estimates as to how much Nigeria loses to illegal mining of gold or in the solid minerals sector, data reviewed and interviews conducted by TheCable showed the country could be losing tens of billions of naira in unaccounted revenue.

In 2019, Bawa Bwari, former minister of mines and steel development, was quoted as saying “about 6 tonnes of Nigeria’s gold — valued at about N350 billion — had been traded in the international market yearly since 2016, with no impact on the economy or the national GDP.”

Apart from the major sources of loss which are mostly through licences, royalties and tax that should have been paid, Nigeria also loses a considerable amount of money as a result of the largely unregulated mining by individuals, 80% of which are artisanal miners.

Reporting on shady operations of licensed companies, the Nigeria Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (NEITI) noted in its 2018 audit report of the solid minerals sector that out of the 47 companies that engaged in export that year, there is no evidence that 30 paid royalties, adding: “It may result in revenue loss to the tune of ₦45,318,640.50 for 23.585 metric tons.”

The report further stated that there are 302 companies that paid royalties in 2018 but are not in the mining register, a loophole it said could open the sector up for illegal activities and huge revenue loss to the government.

Unlike the colonial era when mining sustained the economy, contributing majorly to the GDP alongside agriculture, total earnings from the solid minerals sector between 2009 to 2018, was N398 billion (or $1.94 billion), according to data from NEITI. In 2018, which has the most recent update, the government receipts from the sector was N69.5 billion, mostly from value added tax (VAT) which amounted to N40 billion, while 720 companies paid royalties of N2 billion.

Godwin Mbogo, an industrial expert who works at NEITI, blames poor record keeping and lack of the right fiscal framework for inadequate revenue in the sector “The mining sector is a relatively less regulated sector largely because of the large number of artisanal miners,” Mbogo said.

“One of the major issues with revenue generation in the solid minerals sector is the absence of a clear fiscal regime for the sector.” He also said there have been occasions where companies fail to send various returns as requested by NEITI.

To curb illegal activities in the mining sector, NEITI had recommended increased investment in the solid minerals sector and capacity building for states’ mines officers and surveillance teams.

While that is yet to happen, many communities, like those in Karshi, will continue to suffer unjustly.

SOURCE (abridged): https://www.thecable.ng/investigation-how-chinese-miners-endangering-fct-residents-enjoy-police-protection

All schools in Kenya will remain closed until next January because of the coronavirus pandemic. Final year exams, usually taken in October and November, have also been cancelled. Education Minister George Magoha said students would repeat a year as schools had closed in mid-March, 3 months after the school calendar had begun.

But colleges and universities are to reopen in September if they abide by strict guidelines. The East African country has confirmed more than 8,000 cases of coronavirus with at least 164 deaths and there has been a recent surge in new infections.

On Monday, President Uhuru Kenyatta announced a phased reopening of the country, including lifting of travel restrictions in the main cities of Nairobi and Mombasa. However, he did extend a nationwide overnight curfew from 21:00 to 04:00 local time for a further 30 days.

Kenya’s academic year runs from January to November. “The 2020 school calendar year will be considered lost due to COVID-19 restrictions,” Mr. Magoha said. This would apply to public and private schools, he said. The government-run Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development has been providing school programmes via the radio, television, and online since students stopped going to classes in March.

But while some have been able to cover the syllabus using these resources, there are many others who do not have access to the technology. Mr. Magoha said his ministry would explore how to make online learning accessible to all pupils.

SOURCE: https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/07/coronavirus-kenyan-schools-to-remain-closed-until-2021/

About seven cows belonging to a Fulani herder, Alhaji Abdullahi, in Elepo Village, Ifon, Osun State were in the early hours of Tuesday struck dead by thunderstorm. The incident which reportedly occurred during an early morning rain, threw the village into panic.

The cows were said to have been tethered in a place in the village, when a loud deafening noise was heard around where the animals were kept. Seven of them were found dead after the incident, though there were more cows on tether at the spot that were not affected.

A resident of Ifon, Alao Saheed, while commenting, said it was the first time such an incident would occur in the town. He called on relevant government agencies to move to the scene of the incident and evacuate the dead animals to prevent the outbreak of an epidemic.

Alhaji Sulaimon Oloruntoyin, Seriki Fulani in Osun State, confirmed the incident to our correspondent in a chat. Oloruntoyin told our correspondent that the cows belongs to Alhaji Abdullahi, son of Seriki Fulani of Ifon Orolu. Seriki added, “I was told that the cows belong to Alhaji Abdullahi, son of Seriki Fulani of Ifon. I was told the incident happened before daybreak during rainfall that occurred in the early hours of today.

“Those animals that died were not the only ones at the spot where the thunder truck them. They belong to Alhaji Abdullahi, son of Seriki Fulani of Ifon Orolu. I will give you details later please. Seven cows died in the village.”

SOURCE: https://punchng.com/thunderstorm-kills-seven-cows-in-osun/

Many people are faithfully wearing masks, to prevent others being infected with COVID-19. But those with glasses have to deal with another problem: fogged-up lenses. When you wear a mask and your warm breath hits the relatively cool surface of your glasses, the result will be fog.

This can be really irritating, especially if you walk from a hot street into an air-conditioned store, suddenly can’t see, and don’t want to handle your glasses without washing your hands first. Here are some ways to keep your glasses and vision clear, when you’re wearing a mask.

1. USE A MASK WITH A NOSE BRIDGE
If your mask fits loosely over your nose, your breath is certain to escape up to your glasses. Many masks being sold have nose bridges sewn into them — flexible strips that allow you to bend and shape them so they fit your nose. These serve several purposes: they make the masks more effective (because less moisture can escape), make them more comfortable, and help prevent your breath from hitting your glasses.

If your mask doesn’t have its own bridge, you can make your own using twist ties or pipe cleaners, or you can tape the mask down.

2. PUT YOUR GLASSES OVER YOUR MASK
Just pull up your mask so the top sits higher on your nose, and wear your glasses on top of the material. Any escaping breath should miss your glasses.

3. USE SOAP AND WATER
If you don’t have a special coating on your glasses, try washing them in soapy water and then letting them air dry or very gently drying them. The idea is that the soap leaves behind a film that prevents glasses from fogging. It’s best to avoid soaps that are made with lotion.

4. PUT TISSUE ON THE INSIDE OF THE MASK
If you tape a folded tissue under your mask at the bridge of your nose, it may absorb escaping moisture.

5. BUY A COMMERCIAL ANTI-FOGGING PRODUCT
There are a number of commercially available anti-fogging sprays and wipes that may be worth trying, but we can’t vouch for their effectiveness.

SOURCE (abridged): https://www.theverge.com/21301830/face-mask-glasses-fogging-how-to-stop-clear

Apex Igbo socio-cultural organisation, Ohanaeze Ndigbo, has said it is working with other geopolitical zones for realisation of the Nigerian President of Igbo extraction in 2023. National Publicity Secretary of the organisation, Uche Achi-Okpaga, said this in an interview with The PUNCH on Wednesday.

Speaking about desire of Ndi’igbo for a President of Igbo extraction by 2023, he said, “The presidency of Nigeria, no doubt, is not what a particular tribe or geopolitical zone can aspire to get without reaching out to other zones.”

Achi-Okpaga further said, “Ohanaeze Ndigbo Worldwide under the leadership of Chief Nnia Nwodo has been able to bridge the supposed gap between the South-East and other geopolitical zones. Since 2017 when the present NEC was inaugurated, we have reached out appreciably.

“Today, Ohanaeze, Afenifere, PANDEF and Middle Belt Forum speak with one voice on all contemporary and emerging national issues. In many fora, Ohanaeze has demonstrated her capacity to galvanise these other bodies representing their respective geopolitical zones to reach a consensus.”

SOURCE: https://punchng.com/no-region-can-produce-nigerias-president-alone-ohanaeze/

When attacked by rapists, most women try as much as they can to resist, an author and researcher, the late Prof Sue Lees, wrote in The Guardian UK in 2000. “In my survey, I found women did this in all sorts of ways: by screaming, fighting and biting, running away, refusing to cooperate, pretending they were pregnant or had AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) and by attempting to reason,” she said.

Sue Lees, whose research works focused on injustices of the legal system towards rape victims, said at times, resisting worked for some rape victims while at times it didn’t. “Much depended on where the assault took place. Most rapes are planned and rapists are careful to isolate their victim first. Resisting may be effective where there is an escape route but in an underground car park or deserted spot, or where faced with an assailant much stronger than oneself, it may not be practicable or sensible,” she said.

Of recent, rape has been a topic widely discussed in the country due to tragic incidents involving the rape and murder of girls who were just starting their lives. The incidents had led to several rape victims coming out to speak of their experiences, especially through social media.

With no end in sight to rape, psychologists have said it is now important more than ever before for girls to start taking steps to protect themselves from sexual assault. According to a psychologist, Mrs Peace Adefemi, personal safety must begin with women, especially girls who are perhaps more prone to sexual assault.

Therefore, below are helpful steps (culled from villageofshorewood.org and bustle.com) for girls to protect themselves from rapists.

1. INSTALL A DOOR VIEWER
Replace or re-key locks when you move into a new home or apartment. Install a door viewer and a one-inch deadbolt lock and use them. Look before opening your door to anyone.

2. DON'T LET STRANGERS INTO YOUR HOUSE
Require all strangers to show identification. If you haven’t called for a repairman, don’t let one inside. Leave him waiting outside and call his place of business to verify his reason for coming to your house.

3. AVOID UNSAFE SITUATIONS AND STRANGERS
If you are being followed while walking, go to the nearest police or any place where several people will be, e.g., a shop or petrol station.

4. DON'T WALK ALONE AT NIGHT
As a lady, don’t walk alone at night if possible. Walk with someone, or walk in areas where there are other people. Unless the rapists are many, it will be hard for one rapist to overpower two or three persons.

5. ENGAGE IN PASSIVE OR ACTIVE RESISTANCE
Passive resistance is to think and talk your way out of a situation. Active resistance is to react immediately to startle your attacker. Use any available item (hairspray, keys, purse, etc.) as a weapon. You can also yell or scream to attract attention. Carry a whistle that will make a loud noise.

6. AVOID WALKING IN LONELY AREAS
Stay in well-lighted areas, away from alleys, bushes, and entryways. Avoid shortcuts through parks, vacant lots, and other deserted places.

7. DON'T ACCEPT RIDES FROM STRANGERS
Don’t accept rides from strangers. If a driver stops to ask you directions, avoid getting near the car. If you are being followed, go to the nearest business or residence for help. If you are harassed by the occupants of a car, simply turn and walk the other direction. The driver will have to turn around to follow you.

8. AVOID CARRYING VALUABLES AROUND
Hold your purse close, not dangling, and avoid carrying extra money or valuables around. When you return home, have your door key ready so that you can enter without delay.

9. NEVER WALK ACROSS A PARKING LOT DIGGING IN YOUR PURSE FOR KEYS
Have them in your hand before leaving the building.

10. LET YOUR CAR BE IN GOOD CONDITION
If you have a car, always ensure it is in good condition. For instance, you don’t want to be driving and get stuck on the Lagos-Ibadan Expressway or the Third Mainland Bridge, particularly in the night. Also make sure you have enough fuel in your car to get to your destination. If possible, travel on well lit, busy streets and avoid isolated back roads and short cuts. If you are being followed, drive to the nearest open business for help, or to the police or petrol station.

If you have trouble with your car, raise the bonnet and stay in your vehicle while you wait for your mechanic, family or friend to help you. When someone offers assistance, roll the window down just enough to talk to them. Never get into their car if they offer to get you home.

11. DON'T CARRY A STRANGER
Women driving alone, don’t stop to help a stranger in a stalled vehicle. Proceed to an open business, and report the stalled vehicle to the police.

12. TAKE A SELF-DEFENCE COURSE
Taking a self-defence course like karate is a great way to work off some adrenaline and help keep yourself safe. You may never have to use these moves, but the confidence of knowing how to protect yourself will show in your stride.

13. PARTY RESPONSIBLY
With recreational prescription drugs now common among youths, it’s easy to accidentally make yourself prone to rape at a party. Hence, avoid such drugs. Excessive alcohol can also incapacitate you. If you are intoxicated, with alcohol, drugs, or both, you are unable to consent to sex. But unfortunately, that will present an opportunity to a rapist.

Date rape drugs are becoming more common and can be easily slipped into an unattended beverage without leaving any visible trace or odour. When you are at a party and you have to step away, finish your drink before stepping away. But if you can’t finish the drink, don’t drink it again when you return. If you still feel like drinking, buy a new one.

14. TRUST YOUR INSTINCTS
If something just isn’t right, speak up, whether you are on a date with someone and you suddenly feel uncomfortable or watching someone carry a drunk girl up the stairs at a party. Do your part to stop sexual assault by being vocal.

It’s also okay to lie in some circumstances. If something about a location or situation feels off to you and you want to leave immediately, don’t feel bad about making up an excuse. Your safety is your most important concern.

15. KEEP YOUR ONLINE LIFE PRIVATE
This is definitely hard to do with Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and the self-disclosure they all promote. You may already know by now that putting your address on the Internet is incredibly dangerous, but also think twice about sharing your current location. Try to refrain from tagging your location every time you post, and definitely use the privacy options to your advantage. If anything, it will keep you safe and give you an element of mystery.

16. TELL A TRUSTED PERSON YOUR MOVEMENTS
Don’t leave your house without telling at least one person where you’re going and who you’re going to meet. If you’re dating someone, make sure you let someone close to you know about the person. If you’re going on a date with the person, tell the trusted person. This may seem like it’s stripping you of your freedom, but remind yourself that you aren’t asking permission, you are only keeping yourself safe.

17. SPEAK UP
If you hear someone making light of sexual violence or condoning it, speak up. If you see someone being harassed or assaulted, call the police right away.

18. HELP OTHERS
You may be a potential rape victim but you may see one and it can be intimidating to approach such a situation alone. Therefore, enlist another person to support you. For instance, you can ask someone to come with you to approach the person at risk. When it comes to expressing concern, sometimes there is power in numbers.

Ask someone to intervene in your place. For example, you could ask someone who knows the person at risk to escort them to the bathroom.

19. BE CONSCIOUS OF YOUR ENVIRONMENT
It’s hard to resist scrolling through texts or cranking up an inspiring playlist when you’re walking down the street, stuck in traffic, or on morning jog. “But being distracted from your immediate environment ups your odds of becoming a target. So unplug, open your eyes and ears, and clue in to what’s going on around you,” Avital Zeisler wrote on shape.com.

Note the people on the street, if there’s a foot or car traffic, and whether you can quickly dart into a nearby house or store in case a creep appears. You’ll get good at sizing up potentially threatening situations and getting out of them before anything happens.

20. IMAGINE HOW YOU’D REACT IN DANGEROUS SITUATIONS
Zeisler, who is a rape survivor, recommended that girls should imagine how they would react when in a dangerous situation. She said, “You know how a fire drill familiarises you with what to do to make it out of a real blaze? It’s the same principle here. Visualising yourself being threatened by an attacker ahead of time lets you do a mental run-through of the right way to respond at the moment.

“That would be by staying calm, looking for an escape route, and then, if necessary, physically fighting your attacker off. Sure it sounds scary–who wants to think about being victimised? But it’ll actually help you come up with practical, effective responses you’ll remember if it happens.”

21. USE FORCE AS A LAST RESORT
Zeisler said force should be used when other strategies had failed. She said, “Fighting back raises the stakes. But if an attacker is approaching and there’s nowhere to run, it’s an option that can save your life – thanks to the force of the blow combined with the element of surprise. Memorise and practice these easy, effective, no-black belt-required moves now, so you’re prepared.

“SHIN KICK: Lift your leg and drive the length of your shin to your attacker’s groin, drawing on the strength of your hips for more power.

“PALM STRIKE: Drive your outer palm into your attacker’s chin, nose, or jaw. As you push upward, draw on your core muscles to deliver as much force as possible.”

SOURCE: https://punchng.com/20-ways-to-protect-yourself-from-rapists/

Many of us have heard about "The Holocaust", but do we know what it really entailed? Well, here are some facts from history...

1. TIMELINE
The "Holocaust" refers to the period from 30 Jan 1933, when Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany, to 8 May 1945 (V-E Day), the end of World War 2 in Europe.

2. "FINAL SOLUTION"
The term "Final Solution" refers to Germany's plan to murder all Jews in Europe. The term was used at the Wannsee Conference in Berlin on 20 Jan 1942, where German officials discussed its implementation.

3. HOLOCAUST NO OF JEWS KILLED
Statistics indicate total was over 5.86m. Six million is the round figure accepted by most authorities.

4. HOLOCAUST OTHER NON-JEWISH VICTIMS
Approximately 5m non-Jews were also killed. Among those that Nazis and their collaborators murdered and persecuted were: Gypsies, Serbs, Polish intelligentsia, resistance fighters from all the nations, German opponents of Nazism, homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses, habitual criminals, and the "anti-social," e.g. beggars, vagrants, and hawkers.

5. NAZI PERSECUTION OF JEWS VS OTHERS
Jews were the only group singled out for total annihilation by the Nazis. The only option for Jews to escape the death sentence was to leave Nazi-controlled Europe. Every single Jew was to be killed, according to the Nazis' plan. In the case of other criminals or enemies of the 3rd Reich, their families were usually not held accountable.

6. DEATH CAMPS
A death (or mass murder) camp is a concentration camp with special apparatus specifically designed for systematic murder. Six such camps existed: Auschwitz-Birkenau, Belzec, Chelmno, Majdanek, Sobibor, Treblinka. All were located in Poland.

7. FIRST CAMP
The first concentration camp, Dachau, opened 22 March 1933. The camp's first inmates were primarily political prisoners (e.g. Communists or Social Democrats); habitual criminals; homosexuals; Jehovah's Witnesses; and "anti-socials" (beggars, vagrants, hawkers). Others considered problematic by the Nazis (e.g. Jewish writers and journalists, lawyers, unpopular industrialists, and political officials) were also included.

8. NAZI HATRED OF JEWS
Nazis had a distorted world view which saw history as a racial struggle. They considered Jews a race whose goal was world domination and therefore, an obstruction to Aryan dominance. They believed all of history was a fight between races which should culminate in the triumph of the "superior" Aryan race. Therefore, they considered it their duty to eliminate the Jews, whom they regarded as a threat. Moreover, in their eyes, the Jews' racial origin made them habitual criminals who could never be rehabilitated and were, therefore, hopelessly corrupt and inferior.

9. EFFORTS TO SAVE THE JEWS BEFORE WW2
Various organizations attempted to facilitate emigration of Jews (and non-Jews persecuted as Jews) from Germany. Among the most active were the Jewish Agency for Palestine, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, HICEM, the Central British Fund for German Jewry, the Reichsvertretung der Deutschen Juden (Reich Representation of German Jews), which represented German Jewry, and other non-Jewish groups such as the League of Nations High Commission for Refugees (Jewish and other) coming from Germany, and the American Friends Service Committee.

10. REASON FOR LOW NO OF REFUGEES BEFORE WW2
The key reason for the relatively low number of refugees leaving Europe prior to World War II was the stringent immigration policies adopted by prospective host countries. In the USA, for example, the number of immigrants was limited to 153,744 per year, divided by country of origin.

11. ADOLF HITLER'S REASON FOR WW2
Hitler's ultimate goal in launching World War II was establishment of an Aryan empire from Germany to the Urals.

12. GERMAN OPPOSITION TO THE NAZIS
Throughout the course of the 3rd Reich, there were different groups who opposed the Nazi regime and certain Nazi policies. They engaged in resistance at different times and with various methods, aims, and scope.

13. JEWISH RESISTANCE EFFORTS
Despite difficult conditions to which Jews were subjected in Nazi-occupied Europe, many engaged in armed resistance against the Nazis. This resistance can be divided into 3 basic types of armed activities: ghetto revolts, resistance in concentration and death camps, and partisan warfare.

14. GERMANY'S WW2 ALLIES VS THE FINAL SOLUTION
Neither the Italians nor Japanese, both of whom were Germany's allies during World War II, cooperated regarding the "Final Solution." Although the Italians did (upon German urging) institute discriminatory legislation against Italian Jews, Mussolini's government refused to participate in the "Final Solution" and consistently refused to deport its Jewish residents. Moreover, in their occupied areas of France, Greece, and Yugoslavia, the Italians protected the Jews and did not allow them to be deported. However, when the Germans overthrew the Badoglio government in 1943, the Jews of Italy, as well as those under Italian protection in occupied areas, were subject to the "Final Solution."

The Japanese were also relatively tolerant toward the Jews in their country as well as in areas which they occupied. Despite pressure by their German allies urging stringent measures against Jews, the Japanese refused to do so. Refugees were allowed to enter Japan until spring 1941, and Jews in Japanese-occupied China were treated well.

15. NUREMBERG WAR-CRIME TRIALS
"Nuremberg Trials" refers to two sets of trials of Nazi war criminals conducted after WW220 . The first trials were held 20 Nov 1945 to 1 Oct 1946, before the International Military Tribunal (IMT), which was made up of representatives of France, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and the United States. It consisted of the trials of the political, military and economic leaders of the 3rd Reich captured by the Allies.

SOURCE: http://www.museumoftolerance.com/education/teacher-resources/holocaust-resources/36-questions-about-the-holocaust.html

Commissioner of Police, Lagos State Police Command, CP Hakeem Odumosu, last Wednesday, at the command headquarters in Ikeja, refunded N500,000 cash to a businessman who was extorted by a team of policemen.

The businessman (names withheld) was arrested by policemen for violating the 10p.m. curfew. The officers were said to have threatened to detain him till the next day from where he would be charged to court. In the process, they were said to have collected N500,000 from him before he was released. However, the victim petitioned the command, following which the CP ordered an investigation into the matter.

Briefing journalists on the outcome, Odumosu said the erring policemen were subsequently arrested and transferred to the State Criminal Investigation Department, SCID, Yaba, from where they were subjected to Orderly Room Trial.

A visibly angry Odumosu warned that under his watch the command would not tolerate such unprofessional conduct from policemen. The Lagos CP said: “Appropriate disciplinary measures will be taken against the policemen.”

On his part, the victim was full of praise for the command but refused to explain what transpired between him and the offending officers.

SOURCE: https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/07/lagos-cp-refunds-n500000-extorted-from-lagosian-arrests-4-officers/

The National Information Technology Development Agency has kick-started a job and wealth creation programme where 130 farmers will each receive seed funding of N100,000. The programme will be supervised by the Federal Ministry of Communication and Digital Economy.

According to a statement from the agency, the National Adopted Village for Smart Agriculture (NAVSA) programme is in line with the government’s drive to lift 100 million Nigerians out of poverty, and it will start with 130 farmers in Jigawa state.

The target of the programme is to adopt farmers in 774 LGAs across the country, open the platform to all agriculture ecosystem players with access to information, facilitate and improve productivity, reduce cost of production, and facilitate access to local and international markets. With all of this in place, it is expected that the farmers will be able to build sustainable business models and digital business opportunities that will create not less than 6 million well-paying jobs in the next 10 years.

“NAVSA Platform is aimed at digitalising agriculture to drive Digital Economy, as part of President Buhari’s agenda to leverage on technology and innovation to revolutionise the agriculture value chain,” the statement read.

Among other things, the farmers will be empowered with a digital platform, smart devices (tablets), connectivity for data and calls, Digital agripreneurship skills, and enrolment with telecom operators and the National Identity Management Commission (NIMC) for identification.

All of these will be given to them at the end of the programme, which will last from July 1 to July 13, 2020.

SOURCE: https://nairametrics.com/2020/06/30/130-farmers-to-receive-seed-funding-of-n100000-each/

By Chioma Gabriel, Editor Special Features

Just recently, governors of the southeast and other political leaders in the region including Ohanaeze Ndigbo met in Enugu where they discussed myriad of problems confronting Igbo including security and economic issues. They feared southeast could be under siege following recent movement of youths from northern states despite the Covid-19 pandemic lock-down.

The meeting however ended with a loud silence on politics of 2023. Barely 3 days after taking position on regional security and instruction to Houses of Assembly to expedite work on the bill to give the initiative a legal backing, the governors reverted to working with the Inspector General of Police on community policing which was their initial position.

The Igbo man seems to be battling with decisive indecision, discordant concord and absolute confusion. Although Buhari has spent only a year into his 2nd term in office, issues of 2023 are already creeping up in the polity. Subtle campaigns for 2023 presidency have begun and agitation for presidency to move south has begun. Southwest is gearing up for another turn with complete disregard for southeast and yet, governors and political leaders would meet and keep mum on the issue.

Indeed, controversy over which region should produce the next president is already an issue and every zone seems to have interest. North plans to keep the presidency after the 2 terms of President Buhari. Asiwaju Bola Tinubu, leader of All Progressives Congress (APC), is gearing up, with some saying he has an alliance with the ruling APC for power to return to the west through him in 2023.

There are also Prof Yemi Osinbajo, current vice-president; Ekiti State Governor, Kayode Fayemi, and former Ogun State governor, Senator Ibikunle Amosun who are among those touted to have interest in the highest office. They are from southwest.

South-south also seems interested, on the premise its son, Jonathan, was not given opportunity to serve 2 terms like others. Southeast, the only zone in the south yet to produce a president should be eyeing the position but seems lacklustre about it. Whenever issue of presidency of Igbo extraction comes up, it becomes difficult to decide whether southeast wants Igbo presidency, restructuring or Biafra. Known for individualism, most political leaders in southeast are driven by selfish tendencies and this has affected the people over the years.

Will a president of Igbo extraction be realised when people are not united and cannot speak with one voice and on top of it, are perceived to play bad politics? Apart former Anambra governor, Mr Peter Obi who genuinely selflessly fights for Igbo causes, and Senators Ike Ekweremadu and Enyinnaya Abaribe, many other politicians seem nothing to write home about.

Politicians of APC appear under illusion that after Buhari's tenure in 2023, power will be handed over to the Igbo. But that is not the way politics is played in Nigeria or anywhere else. Southeast has missed so many chances. The people seem to be groping in the dark since return to democracy in 1999. Aside the great Dr Azikiwe and Dr Alex Ekwueme, the present crop of Igbo political leaders appear weak and lacking what it takes to negotiate profitably for their people. Most clearly seek selfish interests.

BUHARI’S 2ND TERM
It would be recalled that before Buhari won 2nd term, a powerful delegation of Igbo APC leaders led by Ogbonnaya Onu, Minister of Science and Technology, endorsed him for another term in office. They said the President did enough to merit a 2nd term. That delegation comprised former Deputy Governor of Imo State, Eze Madumere, who represented Rochas Okorocha before they fell out; serving members of APC in the last national assembly, former governors, former ministers, members of the then national working committee and national executive committee of APC.

They endorsed Buhari without negotiating terms of endorsement. Many tagged them naive. There was no question of what Buhari would do for Ndigbo during his 2nd term. They were happy the president received them. That was not the first time Igbo leaders would play daft. Since 1999, southeast has been all out for PDP. It supported former President Jonathan to the moon and back in 2015 but Jonathan lost the election. South-east also lost.

Then the ‘Pharaoh who did not know Joseph’ came into power and the fate of south-east deteriorated from playing 3rd and 4th fiddle to no fiddle at all. That has been the situation till date. To make matters worse, the Indigenous People of Biafra, IPOB, tend to be making things more impossible for the Igbo. Due to activities of this group, many would not trust the Igbo and would rather not have anything to do with them.

Of course, nothing was wrong with endorsing President Buhari for another term in office but what is there for the Igbo leaders in APC? What were their terms for supporting Buhari? He won another term in office and recently marked one year in office in his 2nd term. Will he address the Igbo question? Will he care to do that when he knows that aside APC members, majority of Igbo did not vote for him?

DISREGARDING THE IGBO
Presidential request for senate approval of 22.7bn dollars loan from China’s Exim bank recently received their nod. The loan, according to President Buhari, would be invested in improvement of infrastructure. He said the loan was to “ensure prompt implementation of projects under the borrowing plan with specific emphasis on infrastructure, agriculture, health, education, water supply, growth and employment generation, poverty reduction through social safety nets programmes, governance and financial management reforms, among others.

Details revealed Southeast was excluded from the projects. Available details indicate Southwest will get $200m; South-South (excluding Edo) $4,270m; North West $6,372m; Northeast $300m; North Central $6,531m and $5,853.9m reserved for general expenses. This has set the Southeast zone grumbling.

Authorities appear indifferent to the Igbo question. In the midst of these, the self-serving nature of Igbo has not helped matters. They work for their individual pockets. If Igbo APC leaders who endorsed Buhari believed he would hand over to southeast, did they discuss that with him? Or were they happy that South East has least number of states in Nigeria, least Senators, least House of Reps members, least number of State Houses of Assembly members, least Ministers at federal level, least revenue allocation, least federal presence or investment, least local governments, least wards and the least of everything in Nigeria?

The endorsers commended Buhari on efforts he was making to ensure development in south-east. Railways were mapped out across states in Nigeria; south-east got none. South-east was never given any position of consequence in the present administration. What projects have been sited in Igboland to create jobs? What developmental programmes have been considered for South East? Or don’t Ndigbo have resources and manpower to lead the nation? With slow pace of work on 2nd Niger Bridge, will it be completed soon or used for another campaign in 2023? In the past, it used to be Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo but now, its Hausa, Yoruba, South-South, then Igbo.

GENERAL GOWON
Not long ago, General Yakubu Gowon, Nigeria’s wartime Head of State, said he does not have any problem if power shifts to Igbo for the 2023 Presidency as long as doing so would enhance peace. Answering a question on agitation by south easterners that Igbo produce the President in 2023, Gowon said, “If doing so will bring peace, it should be done; if the people so desire.”

He added “There was a time PDP started rotational presidency, if that was continued, maybe Igbo would have produced a President but that didn’t happen. If that can be done now, I don’t have a problem with it. Anybody can govern. There are many people in Nigeria, if God gives them and they will govern with fear of God and love for Nigerians, we will make desired progress.” This statement by Gowon was later construed to mean Igbos have hired Gowon to campaign for Igbo presidency which Ohanaeze denied.

SELFISHNESS
Pronounced disunity and infighting among Igbo would make it difficult for them to make any kind of progress in politics. Southeast APC leaders never showcased what Buhari promised Igbo and from all indications, in the next 20 years, an Igbo man may not rule Nigeria. Other major ethnic groups have schemed to dominate political power.

When pro-Biafra agitators started, the idea was to bring the Igbo question to the fore and many supported them but along the line, it was clear the agitation became a personal business enterprise. Many believe the whole thing was mismanaged. Today followers of IPOB have done nothing about herdsmen invasion of southeast. This is where they ought to have been very effective because foreigners have invaded Igboland and IPOB has done nothing about it.

PRESIDENCY OF 2023
As 2023 approaches, nationalities across Nigeria are once again strategizing and negotiating within parties under which they hope to realise their dream. Igbo, whose position have remained precarious in the Nigerian political landscape don’t seem to be doing anything. They have not started talking seriously about 2023. They have taken it for granted that power should be transmitted to them.

From PDP to APC, Igbo have been missing chances. It would be recalled that by the time Jonathan was warming up for another term in office, he made a million promises which he hoped would be fulfilled in his 2nd term. To support him, former Anambra governor, Mr Peter Obi decamped from All Progressive Grand Alliance, APGA, to PDP.

And for Jonathan’s 2nd term, Igbo leaders made up of then Secretary to FG, Chief Anyim Pius Anyim; Deputy Senate President, Ike Ekweremadu; then Deputy Speaker of House of Representatives, Emeka Ihedioha; Senator Hope Uzodinma; then Minister of Labour & Productivity, Emeka Wogu; then National Publicity Secretary PDP, Mr Olisa Metuh; Mr Ifeanyi Ubah and former Governor Peter Obi stormed Dover Hotel at Lekki Phase 1 to woo Ndigbo Lagos for President Goodluck Jonathan’s 2015 presidential bid.

At Dover Hotel, they met eminent and prominent Igbo leaders, namely then President General Ohanaeze Ndigbo, Chief Gary Enwo-Igariwey; President Ndigbo Lagos, Professor Anya. O. Anya; President Aka Ikenga, Chief Goddy Uwazurike; former Chairman Diamond Bank, Chief Pascal Dozie; former Governor Lagos State, Rear Admiral Ndubuisi Kanu(rtd); former President Nigerian Stock Exchange, Dr Raymond Obieri; Eze Ndigbo Ikeja, Eze Uche Dimgba and then President Ohanaeze Ndigbo Lagos, Fabian Onwughalu and many other eminent Igbos in Lagos.

They campaigned support for Jonathan’s 2nd term in office. But Jonathan lost the election. The Igbo have been nowhere since then. Or don’t Ndigbo have resources and manpower to lead the nation? Unless the people are united, 2023 will be an illusion because the reckoning system has changed .

IGBO MUST SUCCEED BUHARI — OHANAEZE
Ohanaeze Ndigbo recently renewed its quest for a Nigerian of Igbo extraction to succeed Buhari in 2023. The group’s Spokesman, Chuks Ibegbu said demand for South East to produce the next occupant of the topmost office in the land was in the spirit of equity, justice and fair play, as the move would strengthen unity and promote sense of belonging.

Ibegbu said Ohanaeze would not relent in promoting issues that engender unity and development, as the current advocacy falls within its precincts. He urged all political stakeholders nationwide to ensure the presidency was zoned to Igboland in 2023 as an indication of the seriousness in the claim of “one Nigeria.”

According to Ibegbu : “In 1999, the ticket was Olusegun Obasanjo versus Olu Falae; In 2007, it was the late Yar’Adua versus Muhammadu Buhari; and in 2019, it was Buhari versus Abubakar Atiku. So in 2023, it should be Igbo versus Igbo. With this arrangement, Nigerians can then make their choice among the array of Igbo candidates.” He also assured that Ohanaeze Ndigbo is fully committed to restructuring of Nigeria, adding that such would be the ultimate panacea to its multifarious challenges.

IT'S TURN OF IGBO PRESIDENCY IN 2023, —YAKASAI
Alhaji Tanko Yakasai was amongst those that declared unequivocally it should be the turn of Igbo to produce the next President of Nigeria. Yakasai based his declaration on the logic that other regions and zones have ruled the country, except the Igbo of the South-east.

Yakasai, in an interview said: “Nigeria has 3 major blocks. Two of these namely, the North and West have had opportunity of producing the President. Therefore, Igbos have a good argument because out of the 3 siblings, two have already succeeded at producing the President but the Igbos have not. “They (the Igbo) deserve the sympathy of all Nigerians for them to get it in 2023 or later.

My opinion is that this is not a matter that one will lie down and think it will come to him. Effort is needed. How do you go about it? This can only be done by persuasion to convince other Nigerians about need for an Igbo to emerge President of Nigeria. “I for one – I am in support of it. I did it before in the era of NPN (National Party of Nigeria) when we had arrangement that the next president after late President Shehu Shagari would come from the East.

We would have settled this problem long ago if not for the military intervention. So, I spoke in support of Igbo presidency. I did not want to fix a date because I am not in position to do that. I said the Igbo should go out and lobby other Nigerians and try to get their support to produce the president in 2023 and where they are not able to do that in 2023 they will put a trajectory for them to produce the President next time.”

AMBASSADOR GEORGE OBIOZOR
In his own reaction, former ambassador to USA, George Obiozor said: “The Igbo thing is not about the Igbo being president. Who told you if an Igbo man becomes president, there will be no more problems? If the Igbo man is partial, if the Igbo man is parochial, if the Igbo man is biased, then people will also vote against him.

What Nigeria needs is a great leader, a good leader. In fact, Nigeria has reached a point where leadership of the country is not determined by where you come from but ability in terms of what you can offer the country, what you can do. If a leader is good, you don’t even ask where he comes from. Countries that have good leaders don’t bother about where the leaders come from.

But when a country has problem such as we and nothing is being done as quickly as possible as a response to national crises, then what do you think people would do? “Everything is lopsided in Nigeria. Take a look yourself at any institution you like and examine the level of equity in it. Look at the issue of federal revenue allocation. Look at issue of revenue from oil and how it is shared. The details will shock you.

Go and find the list of appointments in Nigeria in different areas. It will shock you. Go and see even list of retirements in some of the agencies. It will shock you. So, the issue we are talking about is emanating from failure of leadership and insensitivity in the way we do things.

“Every zone has 6 states but South-East has 5. Is that good? And if they speak ,you’d say they are talking about marginalisation. A just leader will not leave things that way. If that visible difference is not marginalisation, then what is it? It affects everything else: revenue sharing, membership in federal house, membership in senate and everything affecting south east. When people are complaining, a good leader should look into what is going on and redress injustice whether real or imagined.

“The average Igbo knows he is suffering because the civil war over 50 years ago never ended. There is no doubt that the war didn’t end. It continued in other ways. People are asking what Igbos want in Nigeria and I tell you, Igbos want justice. People who ask what Igbos want are so prejudiced and narrow-minded. What the Igbos want is unity but not unity of slaves and masters.

“Leaders are failing the people, they are not speaking with one voice. People are putting blame on them but you have to see that even these are victims of the system. And what voice are you looking for? A people cannot speak with one voice when they have been intimidated and frightened as the people of South East. The South-East people have been frightened by the system. How can they control what they didn’t create?

Igbo and their leaders are victims of the system they find themselves. That is the lopsidedness of the federal system. Citizens of South-East are in near-permanent disadvantage. So, you have to look at the situation in a wholistic way.”

IGBO ARE TREATED AS CONQUERED PEOPLE —MBAZULIKE AMAECHI
1st Republic politician, Chief Mbazulike Amaechi had this to say: “More than any other race in Nigeria, the South-East, the Igbo have been dealt with, especially since the end of the civil war. They were treated at all times as a conquered people. Igbo have been treated as slaves.

During the Shagari era, South-East got a reprieve. But simply because of a feeling South-East might get into power, they staged a military coup and took over government. Everybody knew it at that time. So, Igbos have been treated as slaves in this country and it is time to put a stop to it because the other areas are beginning to sympathise with Igbos.

Look, if we don’t come to terms with the Igbo question, there will be a terrible implosion or explosion. People are collectively suffering. They are collectively being punitively treated. They are victims. Even those who go to Abuja to collect hand-outs are all victims. They are suffering together.”

OUR PROBLEMS STARTED FROM NOT HAVING FREE, FAIR AND CREDIBLE ELECTIONS —MARIA OKWOR
An associate of Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe in the 2nd republic and leader of Igbo Women Assembly, Maria Okwor had this to say: “What we had in the past worked better for us. I’m talking about regions and the time people like Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe and Awolowo held sway.

Every region developed at its own pace and contributed to the centre. Now, reverse is the case. They just give you anything they like from the centre. This presidential system we operate today, I have always maintained it is too wasteful and encourages corruption. See what is happening in our country: imposition of candidates and leadership failure. Nigeria has not got it right with leadership.

Nigerians are not allowed to choose those they want to lead them. They just impose people on the electorate and when they assume office, they don’t care about anybody except themselves, their families and friends. Some will even tell you that whether you vote or not, a winner must emerge. We have been battling with square pegs in round holes. That is the origin of our problems.

The South-East is on the spot. The situation is dicey. Igbo cannot continue being slaves in this country.”

SOURCE (abridged):ww.vanguardngr.com/2020/07/2023-what-counts-against-igbo-presidency/

This dad, who is a rapper from Baltimore named B-doe, decided to battle-rap his baby son Quentin. And even though this smol bean can’t even talk yet, he wins the fight using the deadliest weapon there is. LAUGHTER.

The dad thought he had everything under control. He had his sick rhymes prepared and everything was going smoothly. Until something cracked Quentin up. That was the moment it became absolutely clear who will be the winner of this historical rap battle.

But you know what they say about laughter—it’s absolutely contagious. Especially when it comes to baby laughs. Suddenly they’re both giggling, and the dad can’t stop either! Watch the video and decide the winner for yourself...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r0pq2TCZ4Ko


SOURCE: https://www.boredpanda.com/baby-dad-rap-battle-laughing/