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Science: Till this very day no one knows where these walls are. We're in the age of GPS and satellite, we can survey the entire earth now but we cannot tell for certain the walls DQ built. All the walls speculated by Muslims as the walls of Dhul Qarnayn, cannot hold back the so called tribes of Gog and Magog any more since air crafts and missiles capable of flying over walls have been developed by men. Gog and Magog are men. So, either Gog and Magog have trespassed the walls now or the entire Gog and Magog story run the risk of becoming a myth. If Gog and Magog tribes have trespassed the wall, who were they? NB: Muslims once thought the Mongols who destroyed the caliphate in 1258 were the tribes of Gog and Magog. |
15. The Walls of Dhul Qarnayn 18:94 - 96 |
Science: Certain features on the earth couldn't have formed before the heavens were completed. For instance, we know of landforms that were formed after the revelation of Qur'an. The Paricutin mountain of Mexico formed as recent as 1943 from a volcanic eruption in a corn field. |
14. Everything on earth created before the heaven, sky, was completed 2:29All that is on earth here would refer to the natural features of the earth; soil, ocean, minerals, mountains etc. |
Science: Unless we assume the earth is flat, only those living close to the sacred mosque can face it whilst standing on the ground. The farther away from the sacred mosque, the more inaccurate any attempt to face it while standing on earth becomes. This is due to curvature of the earth. Muslims at the other side of the globe, the western hemisphere, opposite Makkah which is in the eastern hemisphere, like in South America just cannot face Makkah, the correct Qibla. For those who continue to insist the earth is flat - obviously because as we've seen so far, the Qur'an seem to imply this - do remember that the earth surface curvature is taken into account for accuracy in calculating time and distance of plane flights across the world. The question again is that, why would the author of Qur'an ask Muslims worldwide to face the sacred mosque, if He created the earth in a shape that makes it impossible to face the sacred mosque from all part of the earth? NB: From what I hypothesize, it might be possible to face Makkah from South America, depending on your definition of "facing". The clearest impossibility in facing Makkah, is if you're at its antipode, in French Polynesia |
13. Facing the sacred mosque from anywhere on earth 2:145 |
Science: At some point in some years, there is no dawn, sunset or night in the poles of the earth. This is known as period of midnight sun. Ramadan sometimes falls in the period of midnight sun, like this year in a place like Norway. So, in 2019, Muslims in Norway could not commence their fast at local dawn and break at night. It begs the question, if the author of Qur'an is the creator of the heaven and earth, why dictate rules for fasting Ramadan, rules that are not possible to fast by in certain years at certain parts of the earth during Ramadan? Also note that during the period of midnight sun, certain salats like Fajr, Maghrib, Isha'i will not be possible as they depend on dawn, sunset and night to tell when they due for observance. |
12. Fast from dawn to night every month of Ramadan 2:187 |
The crappiest defense for wife hitting by Muslims. Ever. To explain how 4:34 can be implemented without this leading to domestic violence, the best analogy and the most relevant I have found is that of law enforcement. Throughout the world, the police have the right to strike a person who is about to break the law, for example a person who wants to set fire to a building. The police are required to sternly warn the person to stop their behavior, and if they do not, they have the right to intervene physically and subdue the person to prevent them from doing harm. The right of the police to strike any citizen they want given the appropriate circumstances establishes a certain type of order within society.A new approach to the Quran’s “Wife-Beating Verse” (al-Nisa 4:34) by THE HAWRAMANI INSTITUTE You can't compare police to husbands. There is a reason why not just any man becomes a police. These are trained officers wielding firearms. Mere presence of the police gives you the chills. Look, if you fear your wife is misbehaving and she does not amend her ways after admonition and separating from bed with her, the best you can do is contact her blood family or offer a divorce. Just find a less violent approach. But if you want to risk a fight with her, and risk your life or her life. Then go ahead and hit her as the Qur'an demands. There are few women that will tolerate all kinds of physical abuse from their significant other, hopefully your wife is one of them. Pragmatic Interpretation of 4:34 Any way, some reformist Muslims have proffered "separate them" or "cite(report) them" as an alternative interpretation for the phrase "wadhribuhunna" which is traditionally interpreted as "strike them". I'd say it is quite a stretch and suffers from re-interpretation bias, but it is more pragmatic interpretation; http://www.quran434.com/wife-beating-islam.html - This argue in favor of the "cite/report them" interpretation. |
Science Women are not children that can so easily be disciplined by a bit of hitting or spanking by their husbands. Even parents have to cease hitting their kids at a certain age. An adult should never hit another adult except in self defense, as this can trigger retaliation, leading to full blown fight with dire consequences for either of the adults. |
11. Wife hitting 04:34 |
Science: The atmosphere, the sky, the blue or grey view we perceive when we look up is a layer of void, with mostly gases, dust and radiation. Likewise outer space. It is not something solid that make crack, split or fall upon the earth. In the old days, men thought the sky we see above us to be a solid dome above the earth, with window or slits that open to let down the rain. This is has been disproved. If you still believe that the sky is a dome as Abrahamic religions teach, and that there is a conspiracy to mislead people from God. Just remember that commercial air planes fly as high as the stratosphere, above where the rains falls from. |
What is the state of the sky according to Qur'an? Solid, Liquid, Gas? 22:65All of these imply the sky, the upper troposphere and apparently all the atmosphere and outer space is solid held without pillars from falling upon the earth, protected from cracks like we see on our roofs, and at end time will be split asunder with the clouds so that the angels can descend. Tafsir; https://quranx.com/Tafsirs/22.65 https://quranx.com/Tafsirs/25.25 https://quranx.com/Tafsirs/50.6 https://quranx.com/Tafsirs/13.2 |
10. Sky is a solid mass First, sky in Qur'an is where the rain come from, upper troposphere of the atmosphere. 22:65No issue with this verse. But let's see what else the Qur'an tell us of the sky. |
Rashduct: Ultramane as well as usermane (and other atheists) are here to malign and denigrate Islam and you will not succeed. The real question is what is the closest meaning of the word "Alaq?I have decided to let Rashduct be, since he don't seem in mood for Socratic dialogue, but rather prefers adhominem and cheap jibes like - "Oh usermane is an atheist" or "Oh look, usermane is not a Muslim any more". @underlined. When we read the Qur'an we don't rely entirely on root word. The root word is only a start, after looking at root words, then we'll have to look at context of the verse. Keep in mind that traditional Muslims claim the classical scholars are the preferred choice to learn the Qur'an from. They've refused to consider modern re-interpretation of Qur'an especially on legal matters, thus it wouldn't be sincere to let them re-interpret verses only when it suits them on scientific information. Alaqa also mean "clinging substance", but what exactly is a clinging substance? It is a very vague description. We often say that the Qur'an is clear and pin point precise in its choice of word. As such, specific meaning of words should be preferred over generic meaning. Alaqa mean 'leech' too and Muslim apologists have taken the pain to explain the embryo at earliest stage is "like a leech." Qur'an didn't say man is created from "something like alaqa", it state man is created from "alaqa". Muslim apologist sites show pictorial comparison between 25 days embryo and a typical leech. Their pictures are mostly doctored. For all the similarities between leech and the embryo they'll show, it remain a fact that a leech is basically a blood sucking worm. An embryo is never. Now, I'll explain with linguistic and contextual proof from the Qur'an, showing that alaqa is unlikely clinging substance or leech. 1. Alaqa as clinging substance does not fit the sequence of embryonic development according to 23:13-14 [quote author=23:13-14]Then placed him as a drop (of seed) in a safe lodging; Then fashioned We the drop a alaqa, then fashioned We the clot a little lump, then fashioned We the little lump bones, then clothed the bones with flesh.[/quote]The phrase "placed him as a drop in a safe lodging" is already indicating clinging. No need to mention "we fashioned the drop a clinging substance" again, as it is basically repeating the earlier statement. Hence, more likely than not, alaqa cannot mean a clinging substance. 2. Alaqa as a leech does not fit with "alaq", the plural of the noun. I have mentioned 96:2 for a reason. And that is because it is the only verse on embryology that uses alaqa in its plural form. "He created the man from "alaq". The man, al-insan is singular and thus the object man is created from should be singular, not plural. Those who say alaqa mean leech have to translate this verses as "He created the man from leeches". There is only one object in the womb during gestation. So 'leeches" won't work here. But blood clot would work here because the singular and plural form of clot are interchangeable. A blood clot can be an aggregated mass of blood clots. |
JeromeBlack:@usermane here. Sorry for the belated reply. I think the reasons why Atheists are maltreated in Muslim states boils down to religion. Apostasy is punishable by death in mainstream Islam. And sure, we rarely ever get news of apostates killed, but the existence of such a penalty for apostasy in the sacred texts cultivate a culture of hate against apostates. Even if an apostate from Islam don't get executed; he doesn't get to keep his marriage, he doesn't get to inherit from his Muslim kins, he doesn't get to be buried near his dead Muslim relatives, no one will attend his burial, his family may disown him. There is so much discrimination against ex/non-Muslims under mainstream Islam. To better understand this, it is important to study the status of dhimmi(religious minorities) under sharia according to classical tafsir, hadith & fiqh. But wait, Torah stipulates death for apostasy right? So, why aren't Jews & Christians hostile to apostates? Simple answer is the enlightenment. The enlightenment helped Jews & Christians to see the limitation of their faith. They began to discover that absolute reliance on the Bible won't get them far. And so, they were able to unclutch themselves from the shackles of scriptural legalism and literalism. The thing with the Muslim world is they didn't get the enlightenment. They can't still see the limitation of their faith. Compare to Jews, how many Nobel Prizes have Muslims won? If you ask any Muslim why how they can lead the world once again in science and technology, they'll probably tell you it is by returning closer to Islam. They don't get it. So, why is the Muslim world most hostile to atheism? Religion. And why religion? Lack of enlightenment. If you follow me on Islam section you can see how much ignorance I have to contend with. People who are not enlightened & never took the time to examine Qur'an verses especially on science, will make bold statements like "Qur'an is a clear book or perfect book". And they will not have second thought about Islamic literalism or legalism. Of course, there are enlightened Muslims out there denying the limitations and doubts in the Qur'an & Islam either out of dishonesty or delusion. But these are few, the majority of Muslims are just not enlightened enough to examine their faith and scripture. Hope this helps. If you got more questions, leave it for me. I'll do my best to reply even if not immediately. |
Science: None can travel till when they reach rising (place) of the sun. |
Here is what the scholars state; until, when he reached the rising of the sun, the place where it rises, he found it rising on a folk, namely, Negroes (zanj), for whom We had not provided against it, that is, [against] the sun, any [form of] cover, in the way of clothing or roofing, as their land could not support any structures; they had underground tunnels into which they would disappear at the rising of the sun and out of which they would emerge when it was at its highest point [in the sky].Now, the sun is hottest at noon. Going by the tafsir, Qur'an mean that the people Dhul Qarnayn met were living so close to the sun's rising that they felt its heat even more in the morning as it rose above them than at noon. It is not possible on any part of the earth to feel this much scorching heat in the morning at sun rise than at noon, unless the Qur'an is implying the people were living in proximity to the literal place where the sun rises or ascends into the sky from. |
9. The same man as before traveled till when he reached rising (place) of the sun 18:90 -Tafsir: https://quranx.com/Tafsirs/18.90 The Flaw in the Apologist Argument Apologist say this means he traveled till the time of sunrise. This could've been more convincing if the verse reads; "he traveled till rising of the sun", not "he traveled till when he reached rising of the sun" Also, note that there is no reason to include "setting/rising (place) of the sun" in Dhul Qanayn's story because they add basically nothing. Qur'an could've omitted them, unless of course Qur'an is implying Dhul Qarnayn reached the place the sun literally descends down from the sky or ascends up the sky. |
Science: A person can travel "till setting of the sun", but not travel till when they reach the setting (place) of the sun. A person cannot be said to find people near the sun. This is because the sun is extremely far from the earth and larger than the earth. |
Interestingly, here is Maulana Ali & Shakir's translation: Until, when he reached the setting-place of the sun, he found it going down into a black sea, and found by it a people. We said: O Dhu-l-qarnain, either punish them or do them a benefit. |
As we see, people were reading this verse and discerning DQ say the sun literally set in the spring. That's why Al Qurtubi is correcting them. When an object sets in to something, it descends into or onto it. Previously, men thought the sun descends from the sky into or onto some place, thus they called it sunset. Although modern science proved this wrong, the term "sun set" have stuck with us and we continue to use it for the moment we stop seeing the sun everyday. Al Qurtubi is telling the people not to take the phrase, "He found it setting in a muddy spring" literally. The implication of this is that the Qur'an is unclear and people can't understand what it is stating by merely reading its verses. |
Al Qurtubi's View: It is not meant by reaching the rising or setting of the sun that he reached its body and touched it because it runs in the sky around the earth without touching it and it is too great to enter any spring on earth. It is so much larger than earth. But it is meant that he reached the end of populated land east and west, so he found it - according to his vision - setting in a spring of a murky water like we watch it in smooth land as if it enters inside the land. |
8. A man traveled till when he reached the setting (place) of the sun. He found the sun setting in a spring of muddy water, and found near it a people. 18:85-86:Tafsir; https://quranx.com/Tafsirs/18.86 |
Science: Night and day are phenomena on only rocky, opaque masses in space as the planets. The heavens is space, with some gas, dust and radiation. Further away from the earth lithosphere and atmosphere, the heaven or sky remain constant in appearance. The concept of time, night or day is not applicable. The brightness or dullness of outer space or heaven may fluctuate with shadows of traveling planets or light from travelling stars but to say the heaven have night that is darkened and morning that is brought out is improper. In the old days, people erroneously taught that the sky is a solid dome and it became dark at night and illuminated by day. |
7. Heaven or Interstellar/Interplanetary space have Night and Day: 79:27 - 29:Tafsirs: https://quranx.com/Tafsirs/79.29 |
Science: Night & Day are not tangible objects, they don't run in orbits or trajectories in space as does the sun and moon. |
6. Night and Day run in orbits 36:40 -Tafsir; https://quranx.com/Tafsirs/36.40 https://quranx.com/Tafsirs/21.33 |
Science: The sun does not run to any resting place every day, at night. It is there in the sky even when we don't see it at night. This explains why we have time-zones. People in ancient times erroneously thought that at sunset, the sun took a break from illuminating the earth. |
Next, there are hadith that explicitly proves this verse - the sun running to its resting place - as daily event. Here; Sahih al-Bukhari » Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an: |
What is the resting place of the sun: Scholars are divided on this verse. Is the "resting place of the sun" where the sun reaches at sunset or stops at end time? There is a strong likelihood that the former is the case. First, look at the context of the verses immediately before and after 36:38. 36:37 - Tells us how day transitions to night. 36:39 - Tells us about the moon and its phases. 36:40 - Tells us day and night again. All these verses deal with daily phenomenon. It is thus likely Qur'an refers to the 'sun running to it resting place' as a daily phenomenon. Now, if the Qur'an implies the resting place is rather where the sun comes to rest at end time, it is more appropriate that this verse would've been placed among verses that address end time and its astronomical events, that are not intertwined with daily events like day and night or moon phases. |
5. The suns runs to a resting place for it. 36:37-40 -Tafsir: 36:38: https://quranx.com/Tafsirs/36.38 |