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Tauhid A Myth In The Light Of History by DanSama: 8:12am On Jan 12, 2013 |
."The Tauhid fact or fiction?". For over centuries Muslims have fanatical proclaimed their faith in a doctrine known as Tauhid. They dogmatically assert that their doctrine is the only principle inspired by God. They presumptuously believe that the tauhid is the only doctrine that reveals the True God. However is this dogmatic believe based on history, facts or myths? It is imperative to examine the doctrine that exhilarate Muslims so that facts and history can be separated from fiction and myths. First lets examine who Allah is. Allah is an Arabic name for God. It is an Arabic word thus it should have its origin from Arabic antiquities. However, there is no historical evidence to support that Allah was the personal name for a One True God hitherto the 7th Century. Since we all believe in One God. Except for the pagans and polythiest. For instance there is no Scripture predating the 7th century indicating that Allah is one God. Why these silence? Is it because the name Allah was revealed in the Quran? Numerous excavations with inscriptions dating to periods before the 7th Century form the name Allah or al-ilah on walls and rocks, mountains and wall murals. In fact the Encyclopedia of Religion has extensive research and thesis on the identity of Allah. According to Encyclopedia Britannica, I:643"Allah is found ... in Arabic inscriptions prior to Islam". According to Encyclopedia of Islam, ed. Gibb, I:406 "Allah was known to the pre- Islamic Arabs; he was one of the Meccan deities". According to Encyclopedia of World Mythology and Legend, "The Facts on File", ed. Anthony Mercatante, New York, 1983, I:41)"The name Allah goes back before Muhammed". According to Encyclopedia of Islam, eds. Lewis, Menage, Pellat, Schacht; Leiden: E.J.Brill, 1971, III:1093"Ilah ... appears in pre-Islamic poetry ... By frequency of usage, al- ilah was contracted to allah, frequently attested to in pre-Islamic poetry". So who is this Allah? The oldest reference to “Allah” was discovered in Northern and Southern Arabia by by Kenneth J. Thomas. dating back to the fifth century B.C Archeological records which can found in the Epic of Atrahasis chiseled on several tablets dating to around 1700 BC reveals that “Allah” was worshipped as a deity. In this ancient tradition Allah was a god of “violence and revolution”. The name Allah been spelt as Alla. It reads "Then Alla made his voice heard and spoke to the gods his brothers,’ Come! Let us carry Elil, the counselor of gods, the warrior, from his dwelling. Now, cry battle! Let us mix fight with battle!’ The gods listened to his speech, set fire to their tools, put aside their spades for fire, their loads for the fire-god, they flared up.". Source: Atrahasis, tablet i, OBV i, i-ii, trans. Stephanie Dalley, in her Myths from Mesopotamia, p. 10, underline mine. Archeological sources reveal that Allah was one of the deities in Arabia hitherto the formation of Islam. The name occurs as Hallah in the Safa inscriptions five centuries before Islam and also in a pre-Islamic Christian Arabic inscription found in umm-al-Jimal, Syria, and ascribed to the sixth century. Etimologically the name Allah is linked with Al-lat the femine deity. From historical references, it is clearly evident that she was highly scared and worshipped as the feminine form of Allah. Little is known about the origin of the name Al-lat and Allah. It is highly probably that Allah and Allat evolved from the same polythiestic mythical tradition. Allat is an alternative name of the Mesopotamian goddess of the underworld, The Greek historian Herodotus, writing in the 5th century BC, considered her the equivalent of Aphrodite. From the foregoing, since Al-lat and Al-ilah are Arabic words from deities what do they originally mean? According to Muslims Allah means "the god" but what about Al-lat? Does it mean the goddess. Etimologically some names didn't originally mean god in languages but over time emerged with meanings akin to the word "god". For example the word "God" is derived from the German polythiest tradition for a chief deity. Thus Allah and Allat probably share the same origin in a polythiestic culture and traditions. Now that we've examined the historicall sources lets delve into the sources of Islam to unravel what Allah means. The Quran is book widely believed by Muslims to be a revelation from Allah to Mohammed in the 7th Century. This is the Book Muslims base their believe on. However there is no iota of evidence to show that the Quran existed in the 7th century. All the references to the Quran only evolved in the late 8th century. For instance, through out the 7th century, no Arab historian ever mentioned the Quran as a book from Mohammed. Not even a verse in the Quran is quoted by anyone from the 7th century. It is even quite intriguing that Muslims believe that the Quran was memorised but none of the early Arab Muslim historians ever quoted a verse from it until the middle of the 8th century. Ibn Ishaq was the first to narrate stories of Mohammed and the Quran yet he never quoted a verse in it. Is that historical? Describing a book without narrating its contents? These evidently shows that the Quran is a myth that began with stories and not history. What makes this silence so obvious is that in the Quran, it is never stated that Mohammed received it a a book. I mean nowhere do we find any information in the Quran that Mohammed received the Quran as a book. It is only in the hadiths of the 8th and 9th centuries that we receive such information. According to the Quran all prophets and apostles received a book either the Torah, Gospels or Psalms. Quran6:89"Those are the ones to whom We gave the Scripture and authority and prophethood. But if the disbelievers deny it, then We have entrusted it to a people who are not therein disbelieved". Quran57:25"We verily sent Our messengers with clear proofs, and revealed with them the Scripture.....". Quran40:70"Those who reject the Book and the (revelations) with which We sent our apostles:..". Thus within the Quran, how do we know that Mohammed received the Quran as a book? The word Quran is derived from a root words "Iqra" which means read. Just as the word Scripture is derived from the Latin word "writing". If the Quran means "read" how can it be a book? A Book is read not and "Read" been read. It quite ambiguous. All books are "read". One of the oldest manuscripts of the Quran is in Kufic. It is the oldest calligraphic form of the various Arabic scripts and its name is derived from the city of Kufa in Iraq. Kufic writing evolved in the 8th century thus the Kufic Scripts only date after the 8th century. According to scholars like Martin Lings and Yasin Hamid Safadi, did not appear until the late eighth century. Despite that the Kufic Script shows how the Quran has been altered. The Samarkand Kufic Quran in the in the Hast Imam library, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. The Modern Arabic text in Surah37:103 reads "they had both submitted their wills " while the Arabic text of the Tashkent MSS gives the exact opposite meaning, "they did not submitted their wills". There are many more differences. The Quran in Sura16:101 & 13:38 indicates that it was abrogated and interpolated many times. Quran13:38 "It was not for any apostle to come up with a miracle or sign unless it was granted our permission. For every age there is a book revealed. Ar-Rahman abrogates, blots out, or confirms". Quran16:101 "And when We exchange a verse in place of another verse and Allah knows very well what He is sending down they say thou art a mere forger! Nay, but the most of them have no knowledge". Why was the Quran abrogated if it was a revelation? A revelation simply means to discover something that is hidden. So how can a revelation be abrogated? It only shows that ideas and doctrines were constantly abrogated and interpolated over the ages. Probably it took a period of two hundred years. So what kind of verses were interpolated and abrogated? According to Islamic historians and theologians, Ibn Ishaq,Ibn Tabari & Ibn Sa'ad Katab Muhammed received some revelations from satan in favour of the pagan goddess and were later abrogated. Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul, P.g 165-166 "....Satan, when he was meditating upon it, and desiring to bring it to his people put upon his tongue, (these are the exalted Gharaniq whose intercession is approved)". Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul, P.g 165-166, "Thus Allah relieved his prophet's grief, and made him feel safe from his fears and annulled what Satan had suggested in the words used above about their gods by his revelation". Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul, P.g 165-166,"When the annulment of Satan had put upon the prophet's tongue came from God, Quraysh said: Muhammed has repented of what he said about the position of your gods with Allah, altered it and brought something else". ....With his love for his tribe and his eagerness for their welfare it would have delighted him if some of the difficulties which they made for him could have been smoothed out, and he debated with himself and fervently desired such an outcome. Then God revealed: By the Star when it sets, your comrade does not err, nor is he deceived; nor does he speak out of (his own) desire… and when he came to the words: Have you thought upon al- Lat and al-‘Uzza and Manat, the third, the other? Satan cast on his tongue, because of his inner debates and what he desired to bring to his people, the words: These are the high-flying cranes; verily their intercession is accepted with approval. When Quraysh heard this, they rejoiced and were happy and delighted at the way in which he spoke of their gods, and they listened to him, while the Muslims, having complete trust in their Prophet in respect of the messages which he brought from God, did not suspect him of error, illusion, or mistake...". The History of al-Tabari, translated and annotated by W. Montgomery Watt and M.V. McDonald [State University of New York Press (SUNY), Albany 1988], Volume 6, pp. 107-112) "…Then the Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, approached them (Quraysh) and got close to them, and they also came near to him. One day he was sitting in their assembly near the Ka‘bah, and he recited: "By the Star when it setteth", till he reached, "Have ye thought upon Al-Uzza and Manat, the third, the other". Satan made him repeat these two phrases: These idols are high and their intercession is expected...". Ibn Sa’ad’s Kitab Al- Tabaqat Al-Kabir, English translation by S. Moinul Haq, M.A., PH.D assisted by H.K. Ghazanfar M.A. (Kitab Bhavan Exporters & Importers, 1784 Kalan Mahal, Daryaganj,..". Al-Bukhari records the story in an obscured manner. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 2, Book 19, Number 177 Narrated Ibn Abbas: The Prophet I prostrated while reciting An-Najm and with him prostrated the Muslims, the pagans, the jinns, and all human beings. The Quran in Surah22:52 indicates that the mystery of abrogation and interpolation. It indicates that Allah's prophets receive revelations from satan thus they are abolished. Quran22:52" Never did We send a Messenger or a Prophet b4 you, but when he did recite the revelation or narrate or spoke, Shaitan threw falsehood in it. But Allah abolishes that which Shaitan throws in. Then Allah establishes His revelations....". The contradiction is obvious. If the Quran is abrogated to replace better verses according to . Does it mean that the earliest verses of the Quran were satanic and all abrogated? ....With his love for his tribe and his eagerness for their welfare it would have delighted him if some of the difficulties which they made for him could have been smoothed out, and he debated with himself and fervently desired such an outcome. Then God revealed: By the Star when it sets, your comrade does not err, nor is he deceived; nor does he speak out of (his own) desire… and when he came to the words: Have you thought upon al- Lat and al-‘Uzza and Manat, the third, the other? Satan cast on his tongue, because of his inner debates and what he desired to bring to his people, the words: These are the high-flying cranes; verily their intercession is accepted with approval. When Quraysh heard this, they rejoiced and were happy and delighted at the way in which he spoke of their gods, and they listened to him, while the Muslims, having complete trust in their Prophet in respect of the messages which he brought from God, did not suspect him of error, illusion, or mistake...". The History of al-Tabari, translated and annotated by W. Montgomery Watt and M.V. McDonald [State University of New York Press (SUNY), Albany 1988], Volume 6, pp. 107-112) "…Then the Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, approached them (Quraysh) and got close to them, and they also came near to him. One day he was sitting in their assembly near the Ka‘bah, and he recited: "By the Star when it setteth", till he reached, "Have ye thought upon Al-Uzza and Manat, the third, the other". Satan made him repeat these two phrases: These idols are high and their intercession is expected...". Ibn Sa’ad’s Kitab Al- Tabaqat Al-Kabir, English translation by S. Moinul Haq, M.A., PH.D assisted by H.K. Ghazanfar M.A. (Kitab Bhavan Exporters & Importers, 1784 Kalan Mahal, Daryaganj,..". Al-Bukhari records the story in an obscured manner. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 2, Book 19, Number 177 Narrated Ibn Abbas: The Prophet I prostrated while reciting An-Najm and with him prostrated the Muslims, the pagans, the jinns, and all human beings. The Quran in Surah22:52 indicates that the mystery of abrogation and interpolation. It indicates that Allah's prophets receive revelations from satan thus they are abolished. Quran22:52" Never did We send a Messenger or a Prophet b4 you, but when he did recite the revelation or narrate or spoke, Shaitan threw falsehood in it. But Allah abolishes that which Shaitan throws in. Then Allah establishes His revelations....". The contradiction is obvious. If the Quran is abrogated to replace better verses according to Quran2:106 . Does it mean that the earliest verses of the Quran were satanic and all abrogated? Quran2:106"And for whatever verse We abrogate or cast into oblivion, We bring a BETTER or the like of it; knowest thou not that God is powerful over everything?". The verse was replaced into these. It clearly shows that the Muslims during this period worshipped Allah and the female deities. From the foregoing, Allah is a monothiestic bastardization of a polythiestic pagan god. Quran53:19-24"Now tell me about Lat and Uzzu; And Manat, the third one, another goddess. `What! for you the males and for Him the females?' That, indeed is an unfair division. These are but names which you have named - you and your fathers - for which ALLAH has sent down no authority. They follow naught but conjecture and what their souls desire, while there has already come to them guidance from their Lord. Can man have whatever he desires?". Surprisingly, the Quran in Surah38:5 indicates that the reaction was that all the gods were made into one Allah.0Quran38:5‘What! has he made all the gods into one God? This is, indeed, an astounding thing.’. This evidently shows that Allah was derived from a polythiestic myths. Despite the obvious that the Quran alludes that Allah is one with plural persons as Spirit Muslims try to contradict these. There is a difference between one and single person. The word one means a whole and a single digit. Whole means a combinations of things united together. Even the Quran confirmed that all the gods were made into one Allah. How possible is this? Gods made into one? This reflects the historical changes of Allah's identity into one compound. The Quran uses the word one to describe the believers. Does that mean the believers are one single person? It only logical to conclude that the believers are united as one but not one person. Surah49:10 indicates that Quran49:10"The believers are but on single brotherhood.". The same Quran uses the believers in plural because it is obvious that they are no single person. Quran3:52"When Jesus found Unbelief on their Part He said: “Who will be My helpers to Allah?” Said the Disciples: “We are Allah’s helpers: WE BELIEVE in Allah, And do thou bear witness That we are Muslims.”. Where does the Quran emphatically state dat Allah is a single person? Its an open challenge. Why does Allah speak in plural form if he is a single digit according to Muslims? For instance Allah says in Qur'an 49:13 "O mankind! We created you from a single pair.....". If Allah is right. Who are the we that Allah is refering to if he is a singular soul? If Allah is just a soul why does he rely on his spirit to create mankind in Quran38:71-75? Quran38:71"When thy Lord said to the angels, 'See, I am creating a mortal of a clay. When I have shaped him, and breathed My spirit in him,...". What is the difference between Allah his Spirit? If his Spirit proceeds from him and creates as well? Quran 58:22 "For those, Allah has written faith upon their hearts and strengthened them with a spirit from Him.". This obviously refutes Muslim arguements that Allah is a single soul. With the Quran can Muslim prove to us that Allah is not a Spirit? With the Quran can Muslims state dat the Spirit of Allah is different from Allah? Its an open challenge. State just two differences between Allah and his Spirit. Why does Allah use his Spirit to create? Why does the Spirit of Allah proceed from Allah? Why does Allah speak in plural form? From the foregoing the Quran nowhere teaches the doctrine Tauhid. For instance the Quran in Surah13:15 & 41:37 prohibits worship or sujud to someone else yet angels worship Adam in Surah18:50, 2:34 & 20:116. Quran18:50"And when We said to the angels, Bow yourselves to Adam, so they bowed themselves, except Iblis, he was one of the Jinn, and committed ungodliness..". To bow is Sujud which is a form of Islamic worship for Allah according to Sura13:15 & 41:37. Quran41:37"And of His signs are the night and the day the sun and the moon. Bow not yourselves to the sun, and moon but bow to God who created them". Quran13:15"And unto Allah alone falls in postration whoever is in the heavens and earth, willingly or unwillingly and so do their shadows in the mornings and in the afternoon". We wonder why these stories contradicts each other if not for fabrications, alterations and so on. The Quran nowhere teaches the tauhid and the historical myth and identity of Allah shows that he was a bastardization of a polythiestic gods |
Re: Tauhid A Myth In The Light Of History by Nobody: 11:52am On Jan 12, 2013 |
Too long... |
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