HEAT
DEFINITION
Total Kinetic energyof a body is known as HEAT.
OR
Transferof energyfrom a hot body to a cold one is termed as Heat.
Heat is measured by usingan measurement centimeter.
UNITS
Since heat is a force of energy therefore its unit is Joule (J).
TEMPERATURE
DEFINITION
The average kinetic energyof a body is known as Temperature.
OR
The quantitative determinationof degree of hotness may be termed as Temperature.
SCALES OF TEMPERATURE
There are three main scalesof temperature.
1. Celsius Scale
2. Fahrenheit Scale
3. Kelvin Scale
Celsius and Fahrenheit scales are alsoknown as Scalesof Graduation.
1. Celsius Scale
The melting point ofice and boiling point ofwater at standard pressure (76cm of Hg) taken to be two fixed points.On the Celsius (centigrade) scale the interval between these two fixed points is divided into hundred equal parts.Each part thus represents one degree Celsius (1°C). This scale was suggested by Celsius in 1742.
Mathematically,
°C =K – 273
OR
°C =5/9 (°F – 32)
2. Fahrenheit Scale
The melting point ofice and boiling ofwater at standard pressure (76cm of Hg) are takento be two fixed points. On Fahrenheit scale the lower fixed point is marked 32 and upperfixed point 212.The interval between them is equally divided into 180parts.Each part represents one degree Fahrenheit (1°F).
Mathematically,
°F =9/5 (°C + 32)
3. Kelvin Scale
The lowest temperature on Kelvin Scaleis -273°C. Thus 0° on Celsius scalewillbe 273on Kelvin scale written as 273K and 100on Celsius scalewillbe 373K. The size of Celsius and Kelvin scales are same.
Mathematically,
K =°C +273
THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM
Heat flows fromhot body to cold body till thetemperature of the bodiesbecomes same,then they are said tobe in ThermalEquilibrium.
THERMAL EXPANSION
DEFINITION
The phenomenon due to which solidexperiencea change in its length,volumeor area onheatingis known as ThermalExpansion.
Explanation
If we supply some amount of heat to any substance then size or shape of the substance willincrease. This increment is known as Thermal Expansion.Thermal expansion is due to the increment of the amplitudes of the molecules.
Types of Thermal Expansion
There are three types of Thermal Expansion.
1. Linear Expansion
2. SuperficialExpansion
3. Volumetric Expansion.

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