Hypertension is broadly classified into two types based on the causes.

1. Essential hypertension
This occurs as a result of genetic and environmental interactions. It accounts for more than 95% of hypertension. Most of my discussion here is related to essential hypertension. The factors that increase the risk of having essential hypertension are outlined below.
• Race – A black man is more likely to develop hypertension compared to a white man under the same conditions. The tendency for us to develop hypertension is inherited just like our colour, height and other traits are inherited.
• Age – the older one gets the more likely the risk of having hypertension
• Sex - a male is likely going to have hypertension earlier than a female. However, after menopause the incidence becomes equal.
• Diet – High salt diet intake and excessive alcohol ingestion have been linked to the development of hypertension.
• Smoking
• Lack of exercise.
• Sedentary lifestyles.

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