It's never too early - or too late - to develop good study habits. The sooner you get into a good study groove, the easier everything will be and the more your chances of getting good marks will improve.

The way most students study makes no sense.
That's the conclusion of Washington University in St. Louis psychologists Henry Roediger and Mark McDaniel — who've spent a combined 80 years studying learning and memory, and recently distilled their findings with novelist Peter Brown in the grade (Make It Stick: The Science of Successful Learning.)

USING ACTIVE LEARNING STRATEGIES IS MOST EFFECTIVE

The majority of students study by re-reading notes and textbooks — but the psychologists' research, both in lab experiments and of actual students in classes, shows this is a terrible way to learn material.

Using active learning strategies — like flashcards, diang yourselrecalling
ch more effective, as is spacing out studying over time and mixing different topics together.

The first line of actions to take before you start studying your reading material is don't allow your brain and your body at large to be distracted by Girl friend/Boy Friend,food,family problems, television, music, friends e.t.c. when reading.

One brain can't do more than one things perfectly at a time,your brain is not a machine[even machines do rest] avoid over using it.

When you are reading,focus with one mind and avoid diversion. Moreso,some students are also distracted by meaningless things like games,social medias e.t.c. When reading,that shouldn't be,focus your brain on what you are reading.

Be absorbed in your study silent your phone or switch it off if need be have a laser like focus it promote reading efficiency such discipline reward good grade.

Here are ways to learn in a smart and efficient way for good grade as a reward for your effort.

1-Give yourself enough time to study and study every day

Don't leave it until the last minute. While some students do seem to thrive on last-minute cramming, it's widely accepted that (for most of us) this is not the best way to approach an exam.


SETTING ENOUGH TIME TO STUDY GIVE APPLE TIME TO MASTER THE READING MATERIALS WITH LESS FORGETFULNESS DURING TEST OR EXAM

To help sort out your time management, set up a timetable for your study.

Write down how many exams you have and the days on which you have to sit them. Then organize your study accordingly.

You may want to give some exams more study time than others, so find a balance that you feel comfortable with.

However, If you study a little bit every day you'll be continually reviewing things in your mind. This helps you understand things. It also helps you avoid the stress of last-minute cramming.

Early in the year an hour or two a night might be enough to stay on top of things. Later in the year you might need to study more each day.

If you're finding it hard to find time to study, cut back on some (but not all!) of your other activities. Prioritising study might mean spending less time online, or it might mean cutting back on shifts at work, or giving weekend sport a miss for a while.

2-Don't just re-read read for specific details and point all over again don't assume you have master it already.

"We know from surveys that a majority of students, when they study, they typically re-read assignments and notes. Most students say this is their number one go-to strategy.

WHEN STUDENTS RE-READ A TEXTBOOK CHAPTER, THEY SHOW NO IMPROVEMENT IN LEARNING

"We know, however, from a lot of research, that this kind of repetitive recycling of information is not an especially good way to learn or create more permanent memories. Our studies of Washington University students, for instance, show that when they re-read a textbook chapter, they have absolutely no improvement in learning over those who just read it once.

"On your first reading of something, you extract a lot of understanding. But when you do the second reading, you read with a sense of 'I know this, I know this.' So basically, you're not processing it deeply, or picking more out of it. Often, the re-reading is cursory — and it's insidious, because this gives you the illusion that you know the material very well, when in fact there are gaps."


In addition to what is stated above at least once a week you should go back over the things you've studied in class. Thinking things over can help you to understand the concepts and help you remember when you need them the most.

Quiz yourself - Get a friend or family member to quiz you on key concepts. Offer to help your friends with their work too. Quizzes are great ways to get confident about what you know and find out what you still need to learn.

Make your own study materials - Think up some practice exam questions or create your own flash cards to help you study. This way you learn it all twice: once when you make the study materials and once when you use them to revise.

3- Ask yourself a lots of questions more on the study material to enhance mastering of the material to recall more.

One good technique to use instead is to read once, then quiz yourself, either using questions at the back of a textbook chapter, or making up your own questions. Retrieving that information is what actually produces more robust learning and memory.

RETRIEVING INFORMATION IS WHAT PRODUCES MORE ROBUST LEARNING AND MEMORY

"And even when you can't retrieve it — when you get the questions wrong — it gives you an accurate diagnostic on what you don't know, and this tells you what you should go back and study. This helps guide your studying more effectively.

"Asking questions also helps you understand more deeply. Say you're learning about world history, and how ancient Rome and Greece were trading partners. Stop and ask yourself why they became trading partners. Why did they become shipbuilders, and learn to navigate the seas? It doesn't always have to be why — you can ask how, or what.

"In asking these questions, you're trying to explain, and in doing this, you create a better understanding, which leads to better memory and learning. So instead of just reading and skimming, stop and ask yourself things to make yourself understand the material.

4- Link your new study material to what you have already know to reduce forcefulness

"Another strategy is, during a second reading, to try relating the principles in the text to something you already know about. Relate new information to prior information for better learning.

"One example is if you were learning about how the neuron transmits electricity. One of the things we know if that if you have a fatty sheath surround the neuron, called a myelin sheath, it helps the neuron transmit electricity more quickly.

INFORMATION CONNECTION TO PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE MAKES LEARNING MORE EFFICIENT

"So you could liken this, say, to water running through a hose. The water runs quickly through it, but if you puncture the hose, it's going to leak, and you won't get the same flow. And that's essentially what happens when we age —the myelin sheaths break down, and transmissions become slower.


5-Organize your study space according to your taste and preference

Make sure you have enough space to spread your textbooks and notes out. Have you got enough light? Is your chair comfortable? Are your computer games out of sight?

Try and get rid of all distractions, and make sure you feel as comfortable and able to focus as possible. For some people, this may mean almost complete silence, for others, background music helps.

Some of us need everything completely tidy and organized in order to concentrate, while others thrive in a more cluttered environment. Think about what works for you, and take the time to get it right.

6- Draw out what you are reading in visual form for clarity and to boost rate of recalling.

"A great strategy is making diagrams, or visual models, or flowcharts. In a beginning psychology course, you could diagram the flow of classical conditioning.

Sure, you can read about classical conditioning, but to truly understand it and be able to write down and describe the different aspects of it on a test later on — condition, stimulus, and so on — it's a good idea to see if you can put it in a flowchart.

"Anything that creates active learning — generating understanding on your own — is very effective in retention. It basically means the learner needs to become more involved and more engaged, and less passive."

For your learning to be less passive and boring visual aids can be really helpful when revising. At the start of a topic, challenge yourself to write down everything you already know about a topic - and then highlight where the gaps lie.

Closer to the exam, condense your revision notes into one-page diagrams. Getting your ideas down in this brief format can then help you to quickly recall everything you need to know during the exam.

7- Use flashcards during learning.

"Flashcards are another good way of doing this. And one key to using them is actually re-testing yourself on the ones you got right.

KEEP LATER CORRECT CARD IN THE DECK AND ENCOUNTERING IT AGAIN IS MORE USEFUL

"A lot of students will answer the question on a flashcard, and take it out of the deck if they get it right. But it turns out this isn't a good idea — repeating the act of memory retrieval is important. Studies show that keeping the correct item in the deck and encountering it again is useful. You might want to practice the incorrect items a little more, but repeated exposure to the ones you get right is important too.

"It's not that repetition as a whole is bad. It's that mindless repetition that is grade

8-Snack on brain food nutritional food fuel your brain with good memory.

You may feel like you deserve a treat, or that you don't have time to cook, but what you eat can really have an impact on energy levels and focus, so keep away from junk food.

Keep your body and brain well-fuelled by choosing nutritious foods that have been proven to aid concentration and memory, such as fish, nuts, seeds, yogurt and blueberries.

THE BRAIN REQUIRE GOOD NUTRITION FOR OPTIMUM PERFORMANCE

The same applies on exam day - eat a good meal before the test, based on foods that will provide a slow release of energy throughout. Sugar may seem appealing, but your energy levels will crash an hour later.

Significant due to unavoidable circumstances it is far better to eat snacks sparingly not heavily when preparing for test or exam for you to have the energy to carry on to the end but don't be addicted to such lifestyle it will hunt you back and shrink your grade as a result of poor memory function. Nutritional food is the best. In nutshell snack food on brain is better than a starving be, however nutritional food on brain give best result.

9-Practice on old exams or past questions avoid over dependent on it combine it with your study material.

One of the most effective ways to prepare for exams is to practice taking past versions.

PAST QUESTIONS PROVIDE GENERAL OVERVIEW OF WHHAT TO EXPECT ESPECIALLY FOR FRESHERS

This helps you get used to the format of the questions, and - if you time yourself - can also be good practice for making sure you spend the right amount of time on each section.


10- Don't just memorize your reading materials or cram it give space repetition of your reading materials.

"A lot of students cram — they wait until the last minute, then in one evening, they repeat the information again and again. But research shows this isn't good for long term memory. It may allow you to do okay on that test the next day, but then on the final, you won't retain as much information, and then the next year, when you need the information for the next level course, it won't be there.

PRACTICE A LITTLE BIT ONE DAY, THEN TWO DOING LATER

"This often happens in statistics. Students come back for the next year, and it seems like they've forgotten everything, because they crammed for their tests.

"The better idea is to space repetition. Practice a little bit one day, then put your flashcards away, then take them out the next day, then two days later. Study after study shows that spacing is really important."


11-Explain your answers to others or get a study session with serious minded group of friends like you if you are the serious type.

Parents and little brothers and sisters don't have to be annoying around exam time. Use them to your advantage. Explain an answer to a question to them. That will help you to get it clear in your head, and also to highlight any areas where you need more work.

DISCUSSING WHAT YOU HAVE READ CHANGE LEARNING FROM PASSIVE TO ACTIVE ENHANCE GOOD GRADE

Get together with friends for a study session. You may have questions that they have the answers to and vice versa. As long as you make sure you stay focused on the topic for an agreed amount of time, this can be one of the most effective ways to challenge yourself.



12-Drink plenty of water.

Remember that being well hydrated is essential for your brain to work at its best.

75% OF HUMAN BRAIN IS COMPOSE OF WATER DEHYDRATION MAKE YOU FORGET MORE BEFORE AND DURING EXAMINATION

Make sure you keep drinking plenty of water throughout your revision, and also on the exam day.

13- Have the right mindset while reading or studying is the key to high grade.

IT TURNS OUT THAT MINDSETS PREDICT HOW WELL STUDENTS END UP DOING

"One is a fixed learning model. It says, 'I have a certain amount of talent for this topic — say, chemistry or physics — and I'll do well until I hit that limit. Past that, it's too hard for me, and I'm not going to do well.

The other mindset is a growth mindset. It says that learning involves using effective strategies, putting aside time to do the work, and engaging in the process, all of which help you gradually increase your capacity for a topic.

It turns out thall students end up doing. Students with growth mindsets tend to stick with it, tend to persevere in the face of difficulty, and tend to be successful in challenging classes. Students with the fixed mindset tend not to.

"So for teachers, the lesson is that if you can talk to students and suggest that a growth mindset really is the more accurate— then students tend to be more open to trying new strategies, and sticking with the course, and working in ways that are going to promote learning. Ability, intelligence, and learning have to do with how you approach it — working smarter, we like to say.

14-Take regular breaks after intensive reading to cool your brain stress.

While you may think it's best tere training for a marathon, you wouldn't try food run 24 hours a day. Likewise, studies have shown that for long-term retention of knowledge, taking regular breaks really helps.

REGULAR BREAK INTERNAL DURING READING INCREASE RATE OF UNDERSTANDING AND REMEMBERING DURING EXAM

Everyone's different, so develop a study routine that works for you. If you study better in the morning, start early before taking a break at lunchtime. Or, if you're more productive at nighttime, take a larger break earlier on so you're ready to settle down come evening.

Try not to feel guilty about being out enjoying the sunshine instead of hunched over your textbooks. Remember Vitamin D is important for a healthy brain

15- Discover your learning style it improve your grade automatically.

Most of us have a preferred way of learning. Get to know the learning style you're most comfortable with and study in the ways you learn best.

APPROPRIATE LEARNING STYLE MAKES LEARNING EASIER AND FUN

Note that these styles are just a way to think about diffent studying techniques - they're not hard and fast rules that say you should only study in one way. Try each of these out and see which ways you prefer.

Auditory learners prefer to learn by listening. Try reading your notes aloud and discussing them with other people. You might like to record key points and play them back.

Visual learners prefer to learn by seeing. Try using colours in your notes and draw diagrams to help represent key points. You could try to remember some ideas as images.

Tactile/kinesthetic learners prefer to learn by doing. Try using techniques like role-playing or building models to revise key points.

16-Plan your exam day and specific place to study and the actual time to study.

Make sure you get everything ready well in advance of the exam - don't leave it to the day before to suddenly realize you don't know the way, or what you're supposed to bring. Check all the rules and requirements, and plan your route and journey time. If possible, do a test run of the trip. If not, write down clear directions.

PLANNING AHEAD BEFORE EXAM DAY HAVE PROVED TO IMPROVE STUDENTS PERFORMANCE IN EXAMINATION

Work out how long it will take to get there - then add on some extra time. You really don't want to arrive having had to run halfway or feeling frazzled from losing your way. You could also make plans to travel to the exam with friends or classmates, as long as you know they're likely to be punctual.

Concerning place and time to study everyone has their own idea about the best place and time to study. Whether it's your bedroom at night or the library after school, find a study space and a regular study time that works for you and stick with it.

Set up your study space - Your study space should be quiet, comfortable and distraction-free. It should make you feel happy and inspired. Decorate it with your favourite pictures or objects. If you want to listen to music or burn incense, pick a space that lets you do that.

Find your best time - Some people work better in the morning. Others work better at night. Work out which time suits you and plan to study then. Don't study much later than your usual bedtime - pushing yourself late at night can make you too tired to study properly.

Also, If you're stuck on something, or something just doesn't seem to make sense, you can always ask for help. Talk to your teachers or lecturers about the things you don't understand. Talk to your friends and fellow students too.

17- Stay motivated

When you're studying it helps to keep in mind your reasons for doing all this hard work, like a course or career you're working towards. It can help to have something in your study space to remind you of your goals.

NOTHING CAN STOP A STRONG WILL OF A MOTIVATED MIND TO ACHIEVE THEIR ACHIEVEMENT

You could also decorate your study space with inspirational quotes or photos of people you admire and family members you want to make proud of you.


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