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Beyond The Diplomatic Tête-à-tête Between Goodluck Jonathan And Barack Obama by Orikinla(m): 4:59pm On Apr 16, 2010 |
Beyond the Diplomatic Tête-à-Tête Between Goodluck Jonathan and Barack Obama Acting President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan was invited to the two-day Nuclear Security Summit held in Washington, D.C., on April 12 and 13, 2010 But before the crucial summit he met with President Barack Obama at the Blair House to discuss the bilateral relations between the U.S. and Nigeria, a week after both countries signed an agreement for the U.S.-Nigeria Binational Commission. Bilateral relations between the U.S. and Nigeria have been strained for disclosed and undisclosed reasons of which the most apparent was the case of electoral malpractices masterminded and perpetrated by the ruling People’s Democratic Party (PDP ) during the 2003 and 2007 elections in Nigeria. The U.S. rejected the results and found Prof. Maurice Iwu, the Chairman of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) wanting and would want electoral reforms to prevent electoral malpractices in future elections. Another problem was the critical case of the Nigerian al Qaeda underwear bomber Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab whose botched attempt to blow up An American plane on Christmas Day shocked the U.S., which increased the suspicion of Nigeria as a vulnerable target for recruiting al Qaeda foot soldiers. The last case actually culminated in the U.S. security warning to all her citizens to relocate from the predominantly Islamic northern states of Nigeria. Moreover, the protracted illness that incapacitated President Umaru Yar’Adua left the U.S. with no better choice but to support Acting President Jonathan in the amelioration of the bilateral relations between the two great countries. President Barack Obama emphasized that the “United States places great importance on the US relationship with Nigeria and the Nigerian people” and “urged Acting President Jonathan to use his tenure to make historic and tangible progress in strengthening the Nigerian government's commitment to follow through on countering corruption," it added, noting Obama pledged US support to the acting Nigerian leader "in realizing his public promise for electoral reform." Majority of Nigerian news media channels were carried away by the importance of their meeting and seemed to ignore the importance of the Nuclear Security Summit that was attended by 47 nations and was the largest meeting of top global leaders since1945. This was the first summit and will be a biennial event , and the next one comes up in Seoul in 2012. The Summit focused on how to better safeguard weapons-grade plutonium and uranium to prevent nuclear terrorism.[ At the end of the summit, there was a communiqué with a seven page work plan. ~ By Ekenyerengozi Michael Chima World leaders at the Nuclear Security Summit Communiqué from Washington Nuclear Security Summit Nations pledge to strengthen nuclear security, reduce nuclear terrorism April 13, 2010 Communiqué of the Washington Nuclear Security Summit Nuclear terrorism is one of the most challenging threats to international security, and strong nuclear security measures are the most effective means to prevent terrorists, criminals, or other unauthorized actors from acquiring nuclear materials. In addition to our shared goals of nuclear disarmament, nuclear nonproliferation and peaceful uses of nuclear energy, we also all share the objective of nuclear security. Therefore those gathered here in Washington, D.C. on April 13, 2010, commit to strengthen nuclear security and reduce the threat of nuclear terrorism. Success will require responsible national actions and sustained and effective international cooperation. We welcome and join President Obama’s call to secure all vulnerable nuclear material in four years, as we work together to enhance nuclear security. Therefore, we: 1. Reaffirm the fundamental responsibility of States, consistent with their respective international obligations, to maintain effective security of all nuclear materials, which includes nuclear materials used in nuclear weapons, and nuclear facilities under their control; to prevent non-state actors from obtaining the information or technology required to use such material for malicious purposes; and emphasize the importance of robust national legislative and regulatory frameworks for nuclear security; 2. Call on States to work cooperatively as an international community to advance nuclear security, requesting and providing assistance as necessary; 3. Recognize that highly enriched uranium and separated plutonium require special precautions and agree to promote measures to secure, account for, and consolidate these materials, as appropriate; and encourage the conversion of reactors from highly enriched to low enriched uranium fuel and minimization of use of highly enriched uranium, where technically and economically feasible; 4. Endeavor to fully implement all existing nuclear security commitments and work toward acceding to those not yet joined, consistent with national laws, policies and procedures; 5. Support the objectives of international nuclear security instruments, including the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material, as amended, and the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism, as essential elements of the global nuclear security architecture; 6. Reaffirm the essential role of the International Atomic Energy Agency in the international nuclear security framework and will work to ensure that it continues to have the appropriate structure, resources and expertise needed to carry out its mandated nuclear security activities in accordance with its Statute, relevant General Conference resolutions and its Nuclear Security Plans; 7. Recognize the role and contributions of the United Nations as well as the contributions of the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism and the G-8-led Global Partnership Against the Spread of Weapons and Materials of Mass Destruction within their respective mandates and memberships; 8. Acknowledge the need for capacity building for nuclear security and cooperation at bilateral, regional and multilateral levels for the promotion of nuclear security culture through technology development, human resource development, education, and training; and stress the importance of optimizing international cooperation and coordination of assistance; 9. Recognize the need for cooperation among States to effectively prevent and respond to incidents of illicit nuclear trafficking; and agree to share, subject to respective national laws and procedures, information and expertise through bilateral and multilateral mechanisms in relevant areas such as nuclear detection, forensics, law enforcement, and the development of new technologies; 10. Recognize the continuing role of nuclear industry, including the private sector, in nuclear security and will work with industry to ensure the necessary priority of physical protection, material accountancy, and security culture; 11. Support the implementation of strong nuclear security practices that will not infringe upon the rights of States to develop and utilize nuclear energy for peaceful purposes and technology and will facilitate international cooperation in the field of nuclear security; and 12. Recognize that measures contributing to nuclear material security have value in relation to the security of radioactive substances and encourage efforts to secure those materials as well. Maintaining effective nuclear security will require continuous national efforts facilitated by international cooperation and undertaken on a voluntary basis by States. We will promote the strengthening of global nuclear security through dialogue and cooperation with all states. Thus, we issue the Work Plan as guidance for national and international action including through cooperation within the context of relevant international fora and organizations. We will hold the next Nuclear Security Summit in the Republic of Korea in 2012. The list of world leaders and Heads of Delegation who attended the Nuclear Security Summit in Washington on April 12-13: People's Democratic Republic of Algeria His Excellency Mourad Medelci Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria Argentine Republic Her Excellency Cristina Fernández de Kirchner President of the Argentine Republic Republic of Armenia His Excellency Serzh Sargsyan President of the Republic of Armenia Australia The Honorable Senator John Faulkner Minister for Defense of Australia Belgium His Excellency Yves Leterme Prime Minister of Belgium Federative Republic of Brazil His Excellency Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva President of the Federative Republic of Brazil Canada The Right Honorable Stephen Harper, P.C., M.P. Prime Minister of Canada Republic of Chile His Excellency Sebastián Piñera President of the Republic of Chile People’s Republic of China His Excellency Hu Jintao President of the People’s Republic of China Czech Republic His Excellency Jan Fischer Prime Minister of the Czech Republic Arab Republic of Egypt His Excellency Ahmed Aboul Gheit Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Arab Republic of Egypt European Union His Excellency Herman Van Rompuy President of the European Council Republic of Finland Her Excellency Tarja Halonen President of the Republic of Finland French Republic His Excellency Nicolas Sarkozy President of the French Republic Georgia His Excellency Mikheil Saakashvili President of Georgia Federal Republic of Germany Her Excellency Dr. Angela Merkel Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany Republic of India His Excellency Dr. Manmohan Singh Prime Minister of the Republic of India Republic of Indonesia His Excellency Dr. Boediono Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia International Atomic Energy Agency Mr. Yukiya Amano Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency Israel His Excellency Dan Meridor Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Intelligence and Atomic Energy of Israel Italian Republic His Excellency Silvio Berlusconi President of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic Japan His Excellency Yukio Hatoyama Prime Minister of Japan Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan His Majesty King Abdullah II ibn Al Hussein King of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Republic of Kazakhstan His Excellency Nursultan Nazarbayev President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Republic of Korea His Excellency Lee Myung-bak President of the Republic of Korea Malaysia The Honorable Dato' Sri Mohd Najib bin Tun Haji Abdul Razak Prime Minister of Malaysia United Mexican States His Excellency Felipe Calderon Hinojosa President of the United Mexican States Kingdom of Morocco His Excellency Abbas El Fassi Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Morocco Kingdom of the Netherlands His Excellency Dr. Jan Peter Balkenende Prime Minister of the Kingdom of the Netherlands New Zealand The Honorable John Key Prime Minister of New Zealand Federal Republic of Nigeria His Excellency Dr. Goodluck E. Jonathan Acting President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria Norway His Excellency Jens Stoltenberg Prime Minister of Norway Islamic Republic of Pakistan His Excellency Syed Yusuf Raza Gilani Prime Minister of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan Republic of Philippines Her Excellency Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo President of the Republic of the Philippines Republic of Poland His Excellency Radoslaw Sikorski Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland Russian Federation His Excellency Dmitry A. Medvedev President of the Russian Federation Kingdom of Saudi Arabia His Royal Highness Prince Muqrin bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud President of the General Intelligence Presidency of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Republic of Singapore His Excellency Lee Hsien Loong Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore Republic of South Africa His Excellency Jacob Zuma President of the Republic of South Africa Spain His Excellency José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero President of the Government of Spain Sweden His Excellency Fredrik Reinfeldt Prime Minister of Sweden Swiss Confederation Her Excellency Doris Leuthard President of the Swiss Confederation Kingdom of Thailand His Excellency Trairong Suwankiri Deputy Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Thailand Republic of Turkey His Excellency Recep Tayyip Erdogan Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey Ukraine His Excellency Viktor Yanukovych President of Ukraine United Arab Emirates His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Commander of the UAE Armed Forces United Kingdom The Right Honorable David Miliband, M.P. Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs United Nations His Excellency Ban Ki-moon Secretary-General of the United Nations United States The Honorable Barack Obama President of the United States Socialist Republic of Vietnam His Excellency Nguyen Tan Dung Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam |
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