Diabetes mellitus or diabetes is caused by the body's inability to produce insulin,diabetes is an incurable disease but can be managed efficiently.If left untreated can cause long term health problems and can lead to an early death.There are various types of diabetes namely:

1.Diabetes i.


2.Diabetes ii.


3.Gestational diabetes.



DIABETES TYPE I.

This is when a body does not produce enough insulin which is previously referred to as insulin-dependent.Juvenile or childhood onset it is characterized by shortage of insulin production and requires daily administration of insulin,it is most common in people under 30 years of age with most being children under 18.



SYMPTOMS

-Excessive urination.

-Constant hunger.

-Constant thirst

-Vision changes.



DIABETES TYPE II.

This is a case whereby the body cannot properly use insulin and overtime makes less and less insulin which tends to increase body weight and physical inactivity.Diabetes mellitus type 2 can be referred to as Non-insulin dependent and usually occur after age 40 but can happen soon.



SYMPTOMS

-Symptoms may be similar to those of type 1 diabetes but are often less marked.As a result,the disease may be diagnosed several years after onset.



GESTATIONAL DIABETES

This type of diabetes is when blood glucose values above normal,it can increase a woman's risk for getting type 2 diabetes after pregnancy and usually runs in families.Therefore,exposing the children too.Gestational diabetes is diagnosed through prenatal screening rather than through reported symptoms.



KEY FACTS

-The number of people with diabetes has risen from 108 million in 1980-422 million in 2014.

-The global prevalence of diabetes among adults over 18 years of age has risen from 4.7% in 1980-8.5% in 2014.

-Diabetes prevalence has being rising more rapidly in middle and low income countries.

-Healthy diet,regular physical activity,maintaining a normal body weight and avoiding tobacco use are ways to prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes.

-Diabetes is a major cause of blindness,kidney failure,heart attacks and stroke etc.



SYMPTOMS OF DIABETES

-Excessive thirst.

-Frequent urination.

-Feeling weak,Tired or Lacking energy,

-Blurred vision.

-Unusual weight gain or weight loss

-Nausea and vomiting.

Tingling,burning or numbness in feet,toes or hands.



WHAT ARE THE RISK FACTORS FOR DIABETES

-Being older than 40 years of age.

-Being overweight.

-Being African american,Hispanic/Latinos,Asian american,pacific islander or Native american.

-Having had diabetes during pregnancy.

-Having a body weight more than 9 pounds.



HOW YOU CAN STAY FREE FROM DIABETES

-Achieve and maintain a healthy body weight.

-Be physically active at least 30-40 minutes regular moderate-intensity activity.

-Eat a healthy diet,avoid sugar and saturated fats intake.

-Avoid smoking because it increases the risk of diabetes,stroke and cardio-vascular.



WHAT ARE THE HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF UNCONTROLLED DIABETES

Diabetes is a silent killer if you have diabetes you have a higher risk of having serious health problems including:

-Stroke.

-Heart attacks.

-Nerve damage that may cause loss of feeling or pain in the hands,feet or legs.

-Stomach feeling too full or bloated.

-Dental gum disease,dental decay and tooth loss.

-Serious infection.



DIABETES CONTROL

-Diet and physical activities along with lowering blood glucose.

-Screening and treatment of retinopathy(vision impairment).

-Blood lipid control(to regulate cholesterol levels).

-Screening for early signs of diabetes.