Nullifiers of fasting

Shaykh ibn uthaymeen was asked: What are the nullifiers of fasting?

He replied: From the Quran are three things that nullifiers fasting:

1. Eating
2. Drinking
3. Sexual intercourse

With regards to eating and drinking, it might be halaal or haraam; it might be beneficial or harmful; or it might not even be beneficial or harmful at all and it might as well be small or plenty. So with these, smoking of tobacco(and things like it) breaks the fasting even though it is harmful and haraam, some scholars even say that if a man should swallow a seed of bead it'll break his fasting and the bead does not benefit the body, but still it is considered as one of the nullifiers of fasting, also if he should eat paste that is filthy it'll nullify his fasting even though it is harmful.

Thirdly, sexual intercourse: It's the most severe of the nullifiers of fasting because it requires kaffaarah and kaffaarah is freeing a neck i.e a slave but if he cannot do that then he should fast two months continuously and if he cannot he should feed sixty poor people.

Fourthly, Ejaculation of sperm with pleasure (like masturbation and it's likes, note wetdream is not included): If a man should ejaculate with pleasure the fasting gets nullified but there is no need for kaffaarah because kaffaarah is specifically for sexual intercourse.

Fifthly, injection that with it food and drinking is not needed and it's for the purpose of nourishment. As for the injection that is not for nourishment, then it does not nullify the fast, whether the person takes it through the veins or the musles because it is neither eating nor drinking and doesn't carry the meaning of eating or drinking.

Sixthly, deliberate vomiting: If a man deliberately throws up, his fasting gets nullified but if the vomit comes out on its own then there is nothing upon him.

Seventhly, emission of menstrual blood or post natal blood: If menstrual or post natal blood comes out from a woman even if it's by a moment before sunset the fasting gets broken but if it comes out a moment after fasting the fasting is preserved.

Eightly, removal of blood through hijaamah (cupping): Because of the words of the prophet salallaahu alayhi wa sallam "The fasting of the one who does hijaamah and the one that it's done upon is nullified(Abu Dawud).

If a man does hijaamah and blood comes out from him his fasting is nullified and the fasting of the one that did the hijaamah as well if the hijaamah is done by the well known method in the time of the prophet salallaahu alayhi wa sallam and that is the one who does hijama sucks the cup of the blood, but if he does the hijaamah using modern means and tools then only the one that hijaamah is done upon has his fasting nullified.

Source: "thamaaniyatun wa arbaoona su'aalan fis siyaam"