What is acne?
Acne is one of the most common skin problems, affecting about 90% of all people at some time during their life. While acne usually occurs in adolescence and young adulthood, it may be troublesome well into the 20s, 30s and even 40s.

Misinformation about acne often prevents proper treatment. Many people do not seek the advice of a clinician because acne is common and will "probably go away by itself." While this may be true, much cosmetic damage and psychological anguish can be avoided if acne is controlled from the start.

How acne develops:
The skin's sebaceous glands, attached to hair follicles, secrete an oily semi-fluid substance called sebum that softens and lubricates our hair and skin.

Pores and hair follicles become plugged with sebum, dead skin cells, bacteria, and other debris. Whiteheads or blackheads form just below the skin surface.

-Whiteheads (also called closed comedones) occur when the backed-up material is trapped below the skin's surface, forming a firm white bump.

-Blackheads (also called open comedones) occur when the backed-up material stretch the duct and its opening and become exposed to air. The resulting discoloration is not dirt but oxidation of gland products and accumulation of pigment. (Some individuals have large skin pores; these are not blackheads but rather a normal variation of skin.)

-Pimples (or pustules) occur when the material remains backed up, irritates surrounding tissues and causes inflammation, redness and perhaps discomfort.

In severe cases of acne, cysts (fluid-filled sacks) develop. Without proper treatment, cysts may increase the likelihood of scarring.

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