I just had to say something after reading this,hope you guys don't mind
The purpose of FGM is to curb the sexual desire
of girls and women and preserve their "sexual
honor" before marriage. The massive mutilation is
irreversible and extremely painful, and is usually
done to young girls.
Practiced in Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Oman, Yemen,
Sudan, Somalia, Djibouti, Mauritania, Saudi
Arabia, Iraq, Iran, amongst others, FGM is carried
out with knives, scissors, scalpels, pieces of glass
or razor blades. The mutilation is usually done
without anesthetics. Instruments are usually not
sterile. Mortality is high.
The practice has dreadful costs: many girls die
afterwards, the survivors suffer their whole life
from the psychological and medical consequences
of the operation. All are traumatized and suffer
from adverse health effects during marriage and
pregnancy.
"Type I FGM, often termed clitorectomy, involves
excision of the skin surrounding the clitoris with
or without excision of part or all of the clitoris
(Fig 2). When this procedure is performed in
infants and young girls, a portion of or all of the
clitoris and surrounding tissues may be removed.
If only the clitoral prepuce is removed, the
physical manifestation of Type I FGM may be
subtle, necessitating a careful examination of the
clitoris and adjacent structures for recognition."
"Type II FGM, referred to as excision, is the
removal of the entire clitoris and part or all of the
labia minora. Crude stitches of catgut or thorns
may be used to control bleeding from the clitoral
artery and raw tissue surfaces, or mud poultices
may be applied directly to the perineum. Patients
with Type II FGM do not have the typical contour
of the anterior perineal structures resulting from
the absence of the labia minora and clitoris. The
vaginal opening is not covered in the Type II
procedure."
Type III FGM, known as infibulation, is the most
severe form in which the entire clitoris and some
or all of the labia minora are excised, and
incisions are made in the labia majora to create
raw surfaces. The labial raw surfaces are stitched
together to cover the urethra and vaginal
introitus, leaving a small posterior opening for
urinary and menstrual flow. In Type III FGM, the
patient will have a firm band of tissue replacing
the labia and obliteration of the urethra and
vaginal openings."
Type IV includes different practices of variable
severity including pricking, piercing or incision of
the clitoris and/or labia; stretching of the clitoris
and/or labia; cauterization of the clitoris; and
scraping or introduction of corrosive substances
into the vagina
The physical complications associated with FGM
may be acute or chronic. Early, life-threatening
risks include hemorrhage, shock secondary to
blood loss or pain, local infection and failure to
heal, septicemia, tetanus, trauma to adjacent
structures, and urinary retention.13,14 Infibulation
(Type III) is often associated with long-term
gynecologic or urinary tract difficulties. Common
gynecologic problems involve the development of
painful subcutaneous dermoid cysts and keloid
formation along excised tissue edges. More
serious complications include pelvic infection,
dysmenorrhea, hematocolpos, painful intercourse,
infertility, recurrent urinary tract infection, and
urinary calculus formation. Pelvic examination is
difficult or impossible for women who have been
infibulated, and vaginal childbirth requires an
episiotomy to avoid serious vulvar lacerations.
Less well-understood are the psychological,
sexual, and social consequences of FGM, because
little research has been conducted in countries
where the practice is endemic. However, personal
accounts by women who have had a ritual genital
procedure recount anxiety before the event, terror
at being seized and forcibly held during the event,
great difficulty during childbirth, and lack of
sexual pleasure during intercourse."

and from what I heard some communities still practice this.... pls permit me to post more pictures of this show the cruelty that some ladies go through,pls let's fight this

OMG even to grown women, dis is total madness, au i wish same tin was done to dose idiot(in case of females) and peni$ ripped off (in males)
@op do u think dis tin is actually happening in dis present world

wemmy01:
OMG even to grown women, dis is total madness, au i wish same tin was done to dose idiot(in case of females) and peni$ ripped off (in males)
@op do u think dis tin is actually happening in dis present world

yeah....it's still happening in nigeria as we speak

Thank you that you post this.

I hope many will see this and read it and will see that it goes against woman.

I know that there are some muslim coutries where they don't make it.