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Literacy And The North - by Rawani - Politics - Nairaland

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Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rawani: 2:04pm On Feb 12, 2015
This piece is in response to arewaqueen's thread where she admonished NL's to ask questions in order to clarify misconceptions about the North, and a lot of questions bordered on the literacy level in the North, so I decided to shed some light in that regard.

The issue of illiteracy in the north, while grossly exaggerated by its antagonists, cannot be separated from the religion in place. Literacy means different things to different people. The spread of western education in the south can to a large extent, be attributed to the influx of Christian missionaries who built schools and churches, and encouraged the adherents to send their children to school in exchange for uniforms (at a time when clothing was a luxury), an education and a free meal in some cases.




In the North's case, the incursion was by Islamic scholars like Usmanu Danfodio and his disciples, who completely overran the region and established Islamic education as the norm, which in their own right, was literacy since they could read, write, comprehend and do sums using the Arabic language (the source of modern numbers). A major incentive was that these children would be able to read and memorise the Koran once they had gained this knowledge, a desirable and enviable feat in that society, and a practice held till today with Nigerians winning awards in Saudi Arabia and the likes. Therefore, accepting western education at the expense of their own mode of education at the time must have seemed like sacrificing a part of their religion, and border-line irrational.



However as post-modernism spread, the necessity of western education became quite evident, but it was difficult for the northern leaders to convince their subjects to accept western education without sounding like they were betraying their religion. When the Christian missionaries started making their incursions into the north, in Wusasa, Zaria for example, they replicated their modus operandi of building churches along with schools - a move which rubbed the Islamic north the wrong way as they saw the building of schools as a ploy to promote Christianity in the north (which it was to be fair), and they vehemently fought it. This was the beginning of the apathy towards western education in the north.

The governments in place at the time however, encouraged education by building schools and sponsoring indigenes to foreign countries to learn disciplines such as Architecture, Engineering, Medicine etc. This generation also built several schools (Barewa College, Nagarta College etc.) and Universities (Ahmadu Bello University, University of Sokoto etc.) and influenced the location of technical schools such as the Nigerian College for Aviation Technology, Zaria etc. and introduced, as well as encouraged, the practice of children going to western schools in the morning, and Islamic schools in the evenings and weekends (a wide practice to this day). Unfortunately, this was restricted to the urban areas which had government presence, and where the newly educated elite had their offices and schools.






The notion of mass illiteracy in the north is true to an extent, because of the massive population, a majority of who live in the rural areas which do not benefit from necessary educational infrastructure or government attention, and are led by people who did not benefit from the western education which was more prevalent in the urban areas and prefer to bestow islamic education on their wards, and as such in 2015, still hold the reservations against western education, that were held by their more privileged brethren in 1965! This helps explain the wide disparity in wealth among northerners.

The poverty in these rural areas as a result of illiteracy and neglect, led to parents sending their wards to schools where they could gain islamic education for free, in exchange for the children going out to seek for alms (which is supported by the holy scriptures they study). These are the Al-majiri's that the north is often castigated for, an understandable misconception.

The question then arises; what have the northerners done about it all these years? Unfortunately selfish northern spiritual and political leaders had a 'eureka!' moment where they realized that they could twist the interpretations of Islamic scriptures to suit their selfish purposes, and feed it to the fertile, young and impressionable minds of the almajiri's who then grow up to be violent tools in the hands of these leaders, and any attempts at promoting western education by the constituted Northern authorities was seen as an affront to Islam, and a recipe for apostasy among adoptees.

It is however unjustifiable to state that the North is doing nothing to promote western education, as schools are now being built in these rural areas at an astounding pace (especially the UBE projects) and the establishment of World Class Universities by both private individuals and Government, such as Abti-American University, Yola by Alh. Atiku Abubakar (by far the 'poshest' University in Nigeria) and the newly commisioned North West University, Kano.

[img]http://www.images.vconnect.co/Resource/uploads/photogallery/max550/abtiamericanuniversityofnigeria_16249_schoolbuilding_28530.jpg[/img]
www.nairaland.com/attachments/1278367_393O4311_JPGa570e496f6107724ec78731cf0d4ee3d
[img]http://www.sustech.edu/images/Gallary/medical_7.jpg[/img]
www.nairaland.com/attachments/1670239_nwu_jpegd826e54ebbdfea74423a190347f8aa8c



Therefore, the educational challenges of the north cannot be simply brushed aside as a result of colonial policies. It will take considerable time for the North to address these challenges, but it has started. What I expect from Nigerians is encouragement, instead of castigation, which is fair game anyway, because if the average northerner cares about anything in the world, it is not insults or derogatory statements, as they have no impact whatsoever, on our existence.


Trolls should stick to the Ethnicity/Racism section as they will be completely ignored.

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Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by babs01(m): 2:09pm On Feb 12, 2015
u try

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Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rawani: 2:11pm On Feb 12, 2015
cc: ibnsultan, caseless, muhdG, moswags, nafiachi, eesaah, simbad221, ayesman, arewafederation, fulaman, nduchuks, Janedoe26 and all concerned NL's.

1 Like

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Nobody: 2:16pm On Feb 12, 2015
thenationonlineng.net/new/70-of-northerners-are-illiterates-atiku/

www.nairaland.com/1984841/bombshell-over-70-northerners-illiterates-atiku
Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Nobody: 2:21pm On Feb 12, 2015
Wanted to make a lengthy comment but I ain't got time for that. .

However, I want to ask why you northerners love Buhari, who despite being a Northern elder has done nothing to contribute to the social development of the people who love him so much?
Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rawani: 2:24pm On Feb 12, 2015
Rawani:

Trolls should stick to the Ethnicity/Racism section as they will be completely ignored.

OkijaAmaka:
thenationonlineng.net/new/70-of-northerners-are-illiterates-atiku/

www.nairaland.com/1984841/bombshell-over-70-northerners-illiterates-atiku

1 Like

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by oduastates: 2:24pm On Feb 12, 2015
Hmm.
You are right to an extent on the missionary part but on the whole, you are simply beating about the bush.
The missionaries only educated a few in the West. It was Awolowo's AG who educated the masses.
The fact on the ground is that promoting education goes beyond fancy buildings or simply just throwing money at it.
It is a state of mind. You cannot be promoting a religious based society, in an already conservative society and not expect to be left behind in the modern world .
Science and religion do not mix.
Almajiri Koranic education and sharia law were state of the art in the 16th century ;not anymore.
Western education is the new state of the art and vastly more superior .
The economy of Switzerland alone,is larger than the non oil economy of all the Arab countries.
In other words, all the Arab countries can simply be regarded as a gas station
I do not see any state anywhere (apart from maybe rivers state)mobilising as much resources for education as Osun.
Even in the the south, many states are as bad as the north. E.g bayelsa.
Solution to the problem,

REDISCOVER THE AFRICAN IN YOU.
Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by BeeBeeOoh(m): 2:29pm On Feb 12, 2015
All I need is a summary by a good Nigerian..
Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by hushmail: 2:32pm On Feb 12, 2015
Op abeg you try

you no fit even summarize to help us read.

well waiting for someone to summarize b4 I comment

therefore

commentus reservatos

1 Like

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by zimoni(f): 2:33pm On Feb 12, 2015
Nice thread.


Wish unna best of luck.

Boko is not Haram afterall.

4 Likes

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rawani: 2:36pm On Feb 12, 2015
oduastates:
Hmm.
You are right to an extent on the missionary part but on the whole, you are simply beating about the bush.
The missionaries only educated a few in the West. It was Awolowo who educated the masses.
The fact on the ground is that promoting education goes beyond fancy building or simply just throwing money at it.
It is a state of mind. I do not see any state anywhere apart from maybe rivers state mobilising as much resources for education as Osun.
Even the the south, many states are as bad as the north. E.g bayelsa.

Your observations are appreciated, I agree Pa Awolowo contributed immensely to the spread of education in the south-west, and I respect him a lot for that. What points were not clear to you particularly?

1 Like

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by oduastates: 2:54pm On Feb 12, 2015
Rawani:


Your observations are appreciated, I agree Pa Awolowo contributed immensely to the spread of education in the south, and I respect him a lot for that. What points were not clear to you particularly?

Why are you attributing the problem to social problem like population, settlement pattern, neglect when in actual fact, you can put it simply as,

1 selfishness of Northern leaders
2 corruption
3 shortsightedness
4 lack of competent leadership
5 The feudal relationship between the northern elites and the masses.
6 The overbearing use of a foreign religion to regulate life in an historically animist African society.

Senegal and Mali are Muslim countries. They are also poorer and rural. All your reasons seem not to be stopping them from getting educated.
I remember during Obasanjo' s first term,when yerima spent the allocation from education fund on buying cars and okada.
Like someone said, the poverty rates in Nigerian states and all the other bad indices of development,is a measure of how corrupt and misgoverned that place is.
The north is not poor by any means.in fact the north is rich. Adamawa state alone in the hands of an average technocrat can be turned into a paradise without oil revenues.
This summary comes from northerners themselves.
Thave not even started yet considering the fact that messing with teachers alone,can make you lose elections elsewhere.
Aminu kano and babarabe musa tried but they were frustrated because their socialist ideals were was an anathema to the northern ruling elites.

Umaru dikko said, " why are you spending money on educating these people when there are no jobs?
Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rawani: 3:05pm On Feb 12, 2015
oduastates:


Why are you attributing the problem to social problem like population, settlement pattern, neglect when in actual fact, you can put it simply as,

1 selfishness of Northern leaders
2 corruption
3 shortsightedness
4 lack of competent leadership
5 feudal relationship between the northern elites and the masses.

Like someone said, the poverty rates in Nigerian states and all the other bad indices of development,is a measure of how corrupt that place is.
This summary comes from northerners themselves

Every factor you itemized is applicable to all regions of Nigeria (except no. 5 which is total hogwash), while I'm addressing the peculiarity of the northern situation. Wouldn't mentioning those factors imply that the reason other regions have higher literacy levels is because of the absence of corruption, selfishness, shortsightedness and lack of competent leadership which is an absolute fallacy? The peculiarities are being addressed because the northern situation is peculiar in this country.

3 Likes

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by oduastates: 3:10pm On Feb 12, 2015
Rawani:


Every factor you itemized is applicable to all regions of Nigeria (except no. 5 which is total hogwash), while I'm addressing the peculiarity of the northern situation. Wouldn't mentioning those factors imply that the reason other regions have higher literacy levels is because of the absence of corruption, selfishness, shortsightedness and lack of competent leadership which is an absolute fallacy? The peculiarities are being addressed because the northern situation is peculiar in this country.


You still don't get it.
Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rawani: 3:18pm On Feb 12, 2015
oduastates:


You still don't get it.

Neither do you, apparently undecided

1 Like

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by oduastates: 3:26pm On Feb 12, 2015
Rawani:


Neither do you, apparently undecided

I do.
You are putting out propaganda and distorting the reasons for the educational backwardness of the north.
Allowing you to go scot free means that,many children will be denied their basic rights in the future. A few glossy picture does not right a fundamental wrong. One of the most brilliant student I have ever met was the son of a northern elite. However the most educationally disadvantaged people you will ever meet are the children of Northern masses.
Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rich4god(m): 3:39pm On Feb 12, 2015
The earlier the northern elite as a state relagate religion to the background (making it an individual thing) and push western education forward, then the better for all of them.

2 Likes

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rawani: 3:45pm On Feb 12, 2015
oduastates:


I do.
You are putting out propaganda and distorting the reasons for the educational backwardness of the north.
Allowing you to go scot free means that,many children will be denied their basic rights in the future. A few glossy picture does not right a fundamental wrong. One of the most brilliant student I have ever met was the son of a northern elite. However the most educationally disadvantaged people you will ever meet are the children of Northern masses.

Oh dear how else can I explain this, again I have to ask if you read and understood the article. What you are saying has been acknowledged within that piece. I have told you the reason you want to hear is not peculiar to the region, therefore it's an exercise in futility to outline factors which are at best, generic. The attitude of northern elders which is a starting point for the needed change, contributed to the rot, and that was also in the article. The 'glossy' pictures are the efforts being put in place to fix the anomaly(ies). So what are you on about


Rawani:

[b]The question then arises; what have the northerners done about it all these years? Unfortunately selfish northern spiritual and political leaders had a 'eureka!' moment where they realized that they could twist the interpretations of Islamic scriptures to suit their selfish purposes, and feed it to the fertile, young and impressionable minds of the almajiri's who then grow up to be violent tools in the hands of these leaders, and any attempts at promoting western education by the constituted Northern authorities was seen as an affront to Islam, and a recipe for apostasy among adoptees.

It is however unjustifiable to state that the North is doing nothing to promote western education, as schools are now being built in these rural areas at an astounding pace (especially the UBE projects) and the establishment of World Class Universities by both private individuals and Government, such as Abti-American University, Yola by Alh. Atiku Abubakar (by far the 'poshest' University in Nigeria) and the newly commissioned North West University, Kano.[/b]

3 Likes

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rawani: 3:47pm On Feb 12, 2015
Rich4god:
The earlier the northern elite as a state relagate religion to the background (making it an individual thing) and push western education forward, then the better for all of them.

I absolutely agree with you, however it's easier said than done. Religion is said to be the opium of the masses (especially Nigerian ones), as exemplified by our frequent calls for divine intervention instead of planning to avoid or solve problems.

2 Likes

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Nobody: 3:53pm On Feb 12, 2015
shocked Prophetone I dey see your hand.
Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Nobody: 3:58pm On Feb 12, 2015
As far as child-marriage is still prevalent in d north, ma people d illetracy level dere will continue to sky rocket. Only d rich give their children d best, d poor marry their children out and dose ones give birth like ants and den no money to train demselves not to talk of dem kids. D vicious cycle of poverty theory is apllicable to d north, for dose dat know economics.
Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rawani: 4:10pm On Feb 12, 2015
OREMUSSANCTUS:
As far as child-marriage is still prevalent in d north, ma people d illetracy level dere will continue to sky rocket. Only d rich give their children d best, d poor marry their children out and dose ones give birth like ants and den no money to train demselves not to talk of dem kids. D vicious cycle of poverty theory is apllicable to d north, for dose dat know economics.

A high population is a double-edged sword if not managed properly (China is a perfect example) and I highlighted this in the article. The Islamic allowance of marrying up to 4 wives has everything to do with this (not to say it is wrong), therefore commensurate allowance has to be made for this unique circumstance by the northern authorities. This might be difficult if the north does not develop its resources to be able to cater for this population, which the opposition party has stated to be one of the main thrusts of its economic policy if elected, hence our support. Nice contribution.

1 Like

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rich4god(m): 4:27pm On Feb 12, 2015
Rawani:


I absolutely agree with you, however it's easier said than done. Religion is said to be the opium of the masses (especially Nigerian ones), as exemplified by our frequent calls for divine intervention instead of planning to avoid or solve problems.
You knw, unlike the southerners, no one forces anyone to be religious, not even your parent. You can make your choice when you are of age. But in the north, you could land yoursef in trouble for doing other wise...
Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Nobody: 4:27pm On Feb 12, 2015
Ma bro, I feel it goes beyond party issue, religion plays a bigger part, like ya mentioned, a poor man marrying 4 wives and ve so many children, how do ya curb dis. And ya know too well dat if ya restrict dem to ving one wife, dey tell ya dat its against d teachings of islam.dat aspect once its taken good care of den we heading somewhere, buh its not coming too soon cos islam won't help either #nohate
Rawani:


A high population is a double-edged sword if not managed properly (China is a perfect example) and I highlighted this in the article. The Islamic allowance of marrying up to 4 wives has everything to do with this (not to say it is wrong), therefore commensurate allowance has to be made for this unique circumstance by the northern authorities. This might be difficult if the north does not develop its resources to be able to cater for this population, which the opposition party has stated to be one of the main thrusts of its economic policy if elected, hence our support. Nice contribution.

1 Like

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Ayesman(m): 5:25pm On Feb 12, 2015
Rawani:
cc: ibnsultan, caseless, muhdG, moswags, nafiachi, eesaah, simbad221, ayesman, arewafederation, fulaman, nduchuks, Janedoe26 and all concerned NL's.

Yawwa.... Na gaishe da Rawani.

1 Like

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rawani: 5:31pm On Feb 12, 2015
Ayesman:


Yawwa.... Na gaishe da Rawani.

Ina amsawa a.boki na, in ji dai komai lafiya?
Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by CyberWolf: 5:38pm On Feb 12, 2015
The earlier you people abolish amajiri system, the better for you..
Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rawani: 6:16pm On Feb 12, 2015
CyberWolf:
The earlier you people abolish amajiri system, the better for you..

As it is, the almajiri system is almost erased by post-modernism, what remains are children of impoverished parents who send their children to get Islamic education from local scholars, who in turn send them out to beg for alms and food to sustain themselves and their 'school'. I can boldly state that less than 10% of the urban population of children in northern states practice almajiranchi, as basic western education is free in most (if not all) northern states. The bulk of the almajiri are in the rural areas which lack necessary educational infrastructure, which is being addressed.

Let me remind you that no parent wants their child to beg, it is mostly as a result of poverty. I know Sheikhs who have extra-moral lessons organized in their houses for their children, and sometimes neighbours as well. It is a complex issue, one which has to be handled carefully so that the rights of individuals to their religion will not be infringed upon.

1 Like

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by CyberWolf: 6:31pm On Feb 12, 2015
Rawani:


As it is, the almajiri system is almost erased by post-modernism, what remains are impoverished children of impoverished parents who send their children to get Islamic education from local scholars, who in turn send them out to beg for alms and food to sustain themselves and their 'school'. I can boldly state that less than 10% of the urban population of children in northern states practice almajiranchi, as basic western education is free is most (if not all) northern states. The bulk of the almajiri are in the rural areas which lack necessary educational infrastructure, which is being addressed.

Let me remind you that no parent wants their child to beg, it is mostly as a result of poverty. I know Sheikhs who have extra-moral lessons organized in their houses for their children, and sometimes neighbours as well. It is a complex issue, one which has to be handled carefully so that the rights of individuals to religion will not be infringed upon.
but what are your governors doing?..if a poor state like my state Ebonyi, can offer free primary and secondary education, why can't your governors can't do so? Basic education can do better for them,their family and the society at large than all this religion stuffs...
Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Rawani: 6:35pm On Feb 12, 2015
CyberWolf:
but what are your governors doing?..if a poor state like my state Ebonyi, can offer free primary and secondary education, why can't your governors can't do so? Basic education can do better for them,their family and the society at large than all this religion stuffs...

If you read carefully through my response, you would see I mentioned that northern states (I'm sure of Kano & Sokoto) offer free basic education for all, it was an issue recently when it was claimed only indigenes benefited from the scheme, but it was discovered to be false.

1 Like

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Nobody: 6:42pm On Feb 12, 2015
Alhmdlh brother Rawani

2 Likes

Re: Literacy And The North - by Rawani by Nobody: 6:48pm On Feb 12, 2015
Figures don't lie. You tried anyway, but the north is really dragging Nigeria backward in both literacy rate and welfare rate

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