yemobrown:
And is used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly. "bread and butter"


Home Grammar Punctuation How to use a comma (,)

How to use a comma (,)
A comma marks a slight break between different parts of a sentence. Used properly, commas make the meaning of sentences clear by grouping and separating words, phrases, and clauses. Many people are uncertain about the use of commas, though, and often sprinkle them throughout their writing without knowing the basic rules.

Here are the main cases when you need to use a comma:

in lists
in direct speech
to separate clauses
to mark off certain parts of a sentence
with 'however'
Using commas in lists
You need to put a comma between the different items in a list, as in the following sentences:

Saturday morning started with a hearty breakfast of scrambled eggs, bacon, sausage, and French toast.

The school has a vegetable garden in which the children grow cabbages, onions, potatoes, and carrots.

The final comma in these lists (before the word ‘and’) is known as the ‘serial comma’. Not all writers or publishers use it, but it is used by Oxford Dictionaries – some people refer to it as ‘the Oxford comma’. Using it can make your meaning clearer. Take a look at this sentence:

My favourite sandwiches are chicken, bacon and ham and cheese.

It isn’t entirely clear from this sentence whether the writer is listing three or four of their favourite sandwich fillings: is ‘ham’ one of their favourites and ‘cheese’ another, or is it ‘ham and cheese’ that they like? Adding an Oxford comma makes the meaning clear:

My favourite sandwiches are chicken, bacon, and ham and cheese.

Using commas in direct speech
When a writer quotes a speaker’s words exactly as they were spoken, this is known as direct speech. If the piece of direct speech comes after the information about who is speaking, you need to use a comma to introduce the direct speech. The comma comes before the first quotation mark. Note that the final quotation mark follows the full stop at the end of the direct speech:

Steve replied, ‘No problem.’

You also need to use a comma at the end of a piece of direct speech, if the speech comes before the information about who is speaking. In this case, the comma goes inside the quotation mark:

‘I don’t agree,’ I replied.

‘Here we are,' they said.

There are two exceptions to this rule. If a piece of direct speech takes the form of a question or an exclamation, you should end it with a question mark or an exclamation mark, rather than a comma:

‘Stop him!’ she shouted.

‘Did you see that?’ he asked.

Direct speech is often broken up by the information about who is speaking. In these cases, you need a comma to end the first piece of speech (inside the quotation mark) and another comma before the second piece (before the quotation mark):

‘Yes,’ he said, ‘and I always keep my promises.’

‘Thinking back,’ she added, ‘I didn’t expect to win.’

Wish I could learn all these

yemobrown:
And is used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly. "bread and butter"


Home Grammar Punctuation How to use a comma (,)

How to use a comma (,)
A comma marks a slight break between different parts of a sentence. Used properly, commas make the meaning of sentences clear by grouping and separating words, phrases, and clauses. Many people are uncertain about the use of commas, though, and often sprinkle them throughout their writing without knowing the basic rules.

Here are the main cases when you need to use a comma:

in lists
in direct speech
to separate clauses
to mark off certain parts of a sentence
with 'however'
Using commas in lists
You need to put a comma between the different items in a list, as in the following sentences:

Saturday morning started with a hearty breakfast of scrambled eggs, bacon, sausage, and French toast.

The school has a vegetable garden in which the children grow cabbages, onions, potatoes, and carrots.

The final comma in these lists (before the word ‘and’) is known as the ‘serial comma’. Not all writers or publishers use it, but it is used by Oxford Dictionaries – some people refer to it as ‘the Oxford comma’. Using it can make your meaning clearer. Take a look at this sentence:

My favourite sandwiches are chicken, bacon and ham and cheese.

It isn’t entirely clear from this sentence whether the writer is listing three or four of their favourite sandwich fillings: is ‘ham’ one of their favourites and ‘cheese’ another, or is it ‘ham and cheese’ that they like? Adding an Oxford comma makes the meaning clear:

My favourite sandwiches are chicken, bacon, and ham and cheese.

Using commas in direct speech
When a writer quotes a speaker’s words exactly as they were spoken, this is known as direct speech. If the piece of direct speech comes after the information about who is speaking, you need to use a comma to introduce the direct speech. The comma comes before the first quotation mark. Note that the final quotation mark follows the full stop at the end of the direct speech:

Steve replied, ‘No problem.’

You also need to use a comma at the end of a piece of direct speech, if the speech comes before the information about who is speaking. In this case, the comma goes inside the quotation mark:

‘I don’t agree,’ I replied.

‘Here we are,' they said.

There are two exceptions to this rule. If a piece of direct speech takes the form of a question or an exclamation, you should end it with a question mark or an exclamation mark, rather than a comma:

‘Stop him!’ she shouted.

‘Did you see that?’ he asked.

Direct speech is often broken up by the information about who is speaking. In these cases, you need a comma to end the first piece of speech (inside the quotation mark) and another comma before the second piece (before the quotation mark):

‘Yes,’ he said, ‘and I always keep my promises.’

‘Thinking back,’ she added, ‘I didn’t expect to win.’

Thank you

fattprince:

The correct one is number 3. Comma before and isn't necessary. I know because I was the best English student in my set then.

You're wrong, bro. And she was right.

The third sentence

Sentence 3.