Abdulgaffar22's Posts
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Why the theory of evolution should be expunged from curriculum of biology. In order to fully explain the origin of different plants and animals that exist on the earth, all various theories of evolution ( neo-darwinian model, punctuated equilibrium model and neutral model of molecular evolution) completely focus on how the genetic information contained in the DNA are being "changed" or "rewired" by mutations (as the theories assumed). Not only that these evolutionary theories completely neglect how the first complete set of DNA information ( contained in the first living cell ) came to exist in the first place, but they also completely neglect the ultimate origin of the underlying design ( like meiotic cell division, fertilization, mitotic cell division, cellular differentiation and morphogenesis ) that even make the transformation of these DNA information into physical plants and animals to be possible. Hence, the similitude of the evolutionary scientists are like researchers who completely focus on how the instructions contained in the cooking manual are being changed in order to fully explain the origin of the varieties of food found in a particular restaurant and completely neglect how those cooking instructions are being actually transformed into different plates of food served before the customers. Yet it is agreed by all that the underlying design ( a well- furnished kitchen with cooking utensils, cooking appliances, cooking ingredients and cooking experts that would read, interpret and implement the cooking instructions ) that make the transformation of instructions contained in the cooking manual into different plates of food to be possible is far far more important than the cooking instructions itself. Similarly, the underlying design ( like meiotic cell division, fertilization, mitotic cell division, cellular differentiation and morphogenesis) that make the transformation of the DNA information into physical plants and animals to be possible is far far more important than the DNA information itself (1)If this is true, then why do all the theories of evolution completely focus on how the genetic information contained in the DNA are being "changed" or "rewired" by mutations (as the theories assumed) in order to fully explain the origin of different plants and animals and completely neglect the ultimate origin of the underlying design (like meiotic cell division, fertilization, mitotic cell division, cellular differentiation and morphogenesis) that make the transformation of these DNA information into physical plants and animals to be possible ? Even if we assume that the first living cell managed to evolve from non living materials and again managed to replicate itself ( abiogenesis—a problem that all the world scientists are yet to be solved), then: (2) What later caused some of these self-replicating cells to abandon their diploid way of life and suddenly change to become haploid cells (meiotic cell division)—an event that make sexual reproduction to be possible— ? ( 3) What later caused two of these haploid cells to start fusing with one another during sexual reproduction in order to restore their original diploid state ( fertilization) ? (4) What later caused this fused cell (called zygote) to multiply and form a compact ball of similar cells (mitotic cell division) ? (5) What later caused this compact ball of similar cells to "differentiate" and "specalize" to form different types of cell (like bone cells, muscle cells, blood cells, nerve cells, skin cells, cartilage cells, epithelial cells, endothelia cells, liver cells, kidney cells, brain cells, retinal cells etc) using a complex cascade of genetic program known as developmental gene regulatory network (dGRN) ( cellular differentiation) ? (6) What if the similar ball of cells just continue to multiply (like what we observed with cancer cells ) and never stop to start differentiation process ? (7) Besides, how did last ball of cell to multiply get to "know" that it is time to stop multiplication and start the differentiation process ? ( What later caused these group of differentiated and specialized cells to start "arranging" themselves in a particular way in order to form various tissues and distinct organs of different size, shape and function at different location ( morphogenesis) ? (9) What if all the differentiated cells just come together to form a big mass of intermingled tissue (like a bulk of shapeless meat) without forming any distinct organ ? (10) So how does these differentiated cells "know" which direction to take, which pattern of arrangement to follow and to what extent they will multiply in order to construct a distinct organ of a particular shape and size in a specific location ? (11) If all this knowledge regarding the shape, size and location of a particular organ in a body plan are already encoded in the genetic information, then what or better yet who encoded this knowledge ? And how does the cells even manage to decode this knowledge and act accordingly if there is no any "intelligent planning" that went ahead the whole show ? If evolutionary scientists have no convincing answers to all these questions and even have no convincing explanation concerning the origin of the first living cell, then why does theory of evolution is still being portrayed in the academic circle as a scientific fact that fully explain how different plants and animals on earth came to exist without the need of being created by anyone ? Is it not the high time for the theory of evolution to be completely expunged from the curriculum of biology both at the secondary school level and at university ? |
Abdulgaffar22:When the children reach the age of puberty, a small part of the brain known as hypothalamus release a certain hormone called gonadotropin. This hormone then stimulate pituitary gland to secret Luteinizing hormone and Follicle stimulating hormone which respectively causes the male and female reproductive structures to develop and ready for sexual reproduction. But the question that remain a mystery to the scientists is this ; how does a mass of unconscious cells known as hypothalamus KNOW THE TIME of puberty and then act accordingly ? |
Abdulgaffar22:Just like chain of courtship behaviours exhibit by male and female of the same species must be COMPATIBLE, their reproductive structures must also be COMPATIBLE with each other. For example, while male ducks have corkscrew-shaped phalluses, female ducks have anti-corkscrew-shaped vaginal tracts. Again, while male blue whale has the largest phallus throughout the animal kingdom, female blue whale has the largest vaginal tract If different sets of reproductive structures found in all these animals were created by a process of chance (i:e by random mutations in the DNA), then there is no way for different set of male and female reproductive structures to be COMPATIBLE with each other in term of shape, size and function. Are we to believe to that as the phallus of a male duck gradually change to become corkscrew in shape by a process of chance, then vaginal tract of a female duck also gradually change in a CORRESPONDING manner to become anti-corkscrew in shape by another process of chance ? Again, are we to believe that as the phallus of a male blue whale increases in size gradually and gradually by a process of chance , the vaginal tract of the female blue whale also increases in size gradually and gradually in a CORRESPONDING manner by another process of chance ? Can two independent processes of chance (random mutations in DNA) work toward the same goal over millions of years ? If process of chance (i:e random mutations in the DNA) cannot fulfill such a difficult task, is there any other process of nature that can make a male and female of the same species to be COMPATIBLE with each other in respect of their courtship behaviours and in respect of their reproductive structures ? Of course there is none. It is only intelligence that can fulfill such intelligent tasks. |
Abdulgaffar22:It is written in Wikipedia as follows; "Mating dances, the songs of males to attract females or the mutual grooming of pairs, are all examples of typical courtship behavior that allows both recognition and reproductive isolation. This is because each of the stages of courtship depend on the behavior of the partner. The male will only move onto the second stage of the exhibition if the female shows certain responses in her behavior. He will only pass onto the third stage when she displays a second key behavior. The behaviors of both interlink, are synchronized in time and lead finally to copulation or the liberation of gametes into the environment. No animal that is not physiologically suitable for fertilization can complete this demanding chain of behavior. In fact, the smallest difference in the courting patterns of two species is enough to prevent mating". According to evolutionary biologists, all these complex stages in the chain of courtship behaviours display by different animal species (for the act of copulation between male and female of the same species to become successful) just evolved by chance through random mutations. See the thinking of our evolutionary biologists! But the most important question to ask is this; Who really "PROGRAMMED" all these chain of complex and specific behaviours in the DNA of these animals ? Of course, mere mutations (i:e changing of nucleotides of a DNA with another nucleotides) is not sufficient to explain the ultimate origin of these complex behaviours just like the ink of a biro used to write an information on a paper is not sufficient to explain the origin of the meaning or interpretation carried by that information. So where exactly do all these complex and specific behaviours display by different animal species come from ? |
aadoiza:Don't worry . I know him very well. No amount of scientific or logical evidence can convince him about the existence of God. I have seriously determined not to have any dialogue with him. |
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How did a complex process like meiosis ( which make sexual reproduction to be possible) ever get started in the first place ? Of course, unicellular organisms have been reproducing asexually through a process of primitive mitosis ( known as binary fission) for millions of years in the life history on earth. So how and why did the process of meiosis suddenly evolve ? In other words, how did meiosis ( that is concerned with the production of "sex cells" managed to be evolved from mitosis ( that is concerned with the production of other "body cells" ? Where does this "division of labour" come from ? How did asexually-reproducing unicellular organisms (which have been adapted to individual survival for millions of years) suddenly learn to "cooperate and specialize" to create complex multicellular plants and animals that engage in sexual reproduction ? With all due respect, there is not an evolutionist on this planet who has been able to come up with an adequate (much less believable) explanation as to WHY somatic cells ( i:e the body cells) reproduce by MITOSIS (thereby maintaining the species’ standard chromosome number in each cell) and WHY sex cells (i:e the sperm and the egg cells) are produced by MEIOSIS —wherein that chromosome number is halved so that, at the union of the male and female gametes during fertilization, the chromosome number is brought back to its standard previous state ? Evolutionary theorists ask us to believe that chance occurrences like random mutations brought about this marvelously interdependent process of, first, splitting the genetic information into equal halves through the process of meiosis, and, second, recombining it through the process of fertilization. Take a look at this intelligent decision: "splitting and recombining" the genetic information. These two processes must simultaneously began to exist in a single generation for a sexual reproduction to exist ! If only "splitting process" occur and there is no "recombining process", then the standard chromosome number for each species would continue to be halved at every generation. Again, if only "recombining process" occur without the "splitting process", then the standard chromosome number for each species would continue to be doubled at every generation. Now can these two interdependent processes ( splitting and recombining of genetic information) be brought into existence at the same time by an unintelligent process of nature like random mutations which has no purpose and direction ? Not only an intricate process is required to produce the sperm and egg cells in the first place through meiosis, but another equally intricate mechanism is also required to rejoin the genetic information during fertilization in order to produce the ZYGOTE, which will become the EMBRYO, which will become the FOETUS, which will become the NEWBORN and which will eventually become an intelligent EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGIST. Believing that all these features just came to exist by chance through accumulated random errors in the DNA is nothing but an insult to the precious intelligence of man ! Just consider the following complex processes that make sexual reproduction to be possible in the higher animals ; 1. The secretion of gonadotropin hormones from hypothalamus ; which causes both the male and female reproductive structures to become mature and ripe for reproduction 2. Gametogenesis ; which ensure the production of the sperm and the egg cells by the testes and the ovary through meiotic divisions. 3. Highly specific and complex courtship behaviour ; which make it possible for the male and female of the same animal species to become sexually attracted to each other 4 . Copulation process ; which make it possible for the complementary male and female reproductive structures to have direct contact with each other 5. Orgasm and ejaculation ; which make it possible for the sperm cell to be ejected out from the male apparatus in searching for the egg cell 6. Capacitation : which empower the sperm cells in swimming toward the egg cell in the female reproductive tracts. 7. Acrosomal reaction ; which enable the first sperm cell to use its acrosomal enzymes to digest and penetrate through the surface of the egg cell 8. Fertilization ; which enable the nuclei of the egg cell and sperm cell to fuse with each other thereby recombining their genetic information 9. Cortical or Zona reaction ; which prevent the egg cell from being fertilized by more than one sperm cell, a condition known as polyspermy. 10. Implantation ; which make it possible for the the fertilized egg (the zygote) to attach itself to the wall of the womb in order to get its nourishments from the maternal blood without being attacked or rejected by the maternal immune system 11. Embryonic development ; which make it possible for the different tissues and organs of the embryo to be constructed and assembled from scratch using the recombined genetic information carry by the zygote . 12. Labour and delivery process ; which make it possible for the developed foetus to be expelled out of the womb as new born baby (through rhythmic contraction of the womb and the abdominal muscles induced by oxytocin hormone secreted by pituitary gland) The idea that all these TWELVE INTERCONNECTED complex processes “just evolved” by chance through random errors accumulated slowly in the DNA (without any intelligent planning from beginning to the end) is unworthy of consideration. Lewis Thomas, the highly regarded medical doctor who served for many years as the president and chancellor of the prestigious Cancer Center in United State of America, was unable to contain his enthusiasm for the system we know as “sexual reproduction". In his book, The Medusa and the Snail, he wrote about the “miracle” of how one sperm cell fuse with one egg cell to produce the cell we know as a zygote, which, nine months later, will become a newborn baby. He concluded: "The mere existence of that cell (i:e the zygote ) should be one of the GREATEST ASTONISHMENT of the earth. People ought to be walking around all day, all through their waking hours, calling to each other in endless wonderment, talking of nothing except that cell.... If anyone does succeed in explaining it (i:e how the fertilized egg cell called zygote transform itself to become a beautiful newborn baby), within my lifetime, I will charter a skywriting airplane, maybe a whole fleet of them, and send them aloft to write one great exclamation point after another around the whole sky, until all my money runs out" However, Dr. Lewis’ money is perfectly safe. No one has been able to explain—from an evolutionary point of view—the origin of sexual reproduction and the intricate development of a NEWBORN BABY from a single tiny ball of cell we call ZYGOTE |
Truthdefender66:Here is the simple analogy of your argument; I don't have any money at hand and I decided to visit one of my friends to see whether he can borrow me 20,000 naira. On getting to his house, he sincerely told me he didn't have any money and I believed him for his words. But he told me to wait for two hours. So I decided to wait hoping that someone will come to give him the money. However, throughout the period of my waiting, nobody came in and my friend did not open the door to meet anybody outside . I can only see my friend performing DIFFERENT KINDS OF EXERCISE in his parlour. But to my utmost surprise, immediately two hours elapsed, he just dipped his hand inside his pocket and gave me the money. I quickly asked him; you said you didn't have any money and nobody came in and you didn't go out, so how did you manage to get the money? Without any hesitation, my friend declared as follows; " I realized this money through the act of EXERCISING MYSELF FOR TWO HOURS ". Please, can anybody in his right sense accept what my friend told me ? Certainly not ! Then is it not a greatest wonder lf the same people who outrightly rejected what my LIVING and CONSCIOUS friend told me now readily accept what the LIFELESS and UNCONSCIOUS universe told them. The lifeless and unconscious universe told them as follows; "though I was formally BLIND, DEAF and DUMB. In fact, I DID NOT EVEN KNOW I exist. But now I am FULLY AWARE of my existence and I am now able to SEE, HEAR and SPEAK over six thousand different languages through the act of EXERCISING MYSELF FOR 3.8 BILLION YEARS. " What the atheists fail to realize is that they were PARTS of the same "lifeless and unconscious" universe 3.8 billon years ago. So how did they now become "living and coscious" part of the universe through ONLY MERE EXERCISE performed by the lifeless and unconscious universe ? But is it really true that any lifeless and unconscious entity can perform any kind of exercise (abiogenesis); let alone the exercise that will cause such LIFELESS and UNCONSCIOUS entity to now become FULLY AWARE of itself ( hard problem of consciousness) ? |
Truthdefender66:Thanks for this very argument. May God Almighty continue to increase your wisdom. |
@ nwabekeyi Sorry ! I swear by God; I have been SERIOUSLY WARNED by God to stop arguing with you. Please go and be free to believe whatever you like . |
nwabekeyi:How asexual unicellular organisms evolve to become sexual multicellular organisms base on the explanation you have given concerning human- HIV case. |
nwabekeyi:please give the examples |
nwabekeyi:Honestly, I grasped the message you're trying to pass across. However, all what you have explained so far is what we described as micro evolution. Intelligent design proponents do not dispute the fact of micro evolution. What they are saying is that it is IMPOSSIBLE for this scenario of micro evolution to lead to macroevolution like ; 1. Evolution of the FIRST functional male and female 2. Evolution of completely NEW organ or system. |
nwabekeyi:Yes |
nwabekeyi:The population of those with resistant gene will increase. |
nwabekeyi:Yes, I agree |
nwabekeyi:Yes, it is possible |
nwabekeyi:This is a definition of evolution; a gradual change in the characteristics of a population of animals or plants over successive generations: But the MECHANISM that would allow this changes to occur is the major problem with the theory of evolution. |
nwabekeyi:See the complexity of the flagellum used by bacteria for locomotion. It is made up of over 600 protein complexes. Can all those complex parts ( which resemble mechanical parts of a complex machine designed by human engineer) be ASSEMBLE by unconscious and unintelligent natural process like evolution? |
nwabekeyi:https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flagellum_base_diagram-en.svg |
nwabekeyi:You choose not to believe in Him. You have seen the evidence of copying and proofreading of information in a living cell but your prejudice would never allow you to accept Him. If your brain is a product of unguided processes of evolution, then how can you trust your thinking faculty to give you the truth ? Don't you see that everything you know would become doubtful if no intelligent being design your brain for the purpose of thinking ? This means that your faculty of thinking is just a BY PRODUCT of evolution. |
nwabekeyi:If a bad designer design your brain for thinking, then your thinking faculty has to be badly designed. Therefore, how can you use such a thinking faculty to arrive at the truth ? Similarly, if it is evolution by random mutations through natural selection that designed your brain for thinking, then how can you trust your thinking faculty to arrive at the truth because natural selection ONLY aims for survival and reproduction. It can never aims for the truth. Have you now seen that you can never rely on your thinking faculty to prove that my God is TRULY a bad designer. |
nwabekeyi:God designed the disorders in order to prove to you that evolution by random mutations is IMPOSSIBLE |
nwabekeyi:The major causes of these genetic disorders are mutations. Therefore, the fact that most mutations are DAMAGING to the organisms implies that mutations can NEVER be a source of raw materials for evolution. Of course, a process which proves itself to be DESTRUCTIVE can never be a CONSTRUCTIVE process. That is to say with thousands example of HARMFUL mutations readily available, surely, it should be possible to describe some positive mutations if macroevolution is true. This is exactly the fact God wants to prove to all atheists and evolutionists for allowing such abnormalities to occur. |
nwabekeyi:Do you have any scientific evidence to prove that proofreading process in a living cell came to exist by trial and error operating for many years ? If a living cell came to exist without the proofreading process of its DNA, then mutations would never allow such a cell to replicate before it would die and decay. Besides, is it possible for intelligence to originate from a process of chance ? Give an example of this possibility from our physical world nwabekeyi:Almost all animals have their corresponding males and females whose their REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES are complex but perfectly matched with each other For example, while male ducks have corkscrew-shaped phalluses, female ducks have anti-corkscrew-shaped vaginal tracts. Again, while male blue whale has the largest phallus throughout the animal kingdom, female blue whale has the largest vaginal tract. If different sets of reproductive structures found in all these animals were created by a process of chance (i:e by accumulated random mutations), then there is no way for different set of male and female reproductive structures to be COMPATIBLE with each other in terms of ; i. SHAPE, ii. SIZE and iii. FUNCTION. Are we to believe that as the phallus of a male duck gradually change to become corkscrew in shape by a process of chance, then vaginal tract of a female duck also gradually change in a CORRESPONDING manner to become anti-corkscrew in shape by another process of chance ? Again, are we to believe that as the phallus of a male blue whale increases in size gradually and gradually by a process of chance , the vaginal tract of the female blue whale also increases in size gradually and gradually in a CORRESPONDING manner by another process of chance ? Can two independent processes of chance (random mutations) work toward the same goal over millions of years ? |
nwabekeyi:You have agreed that processes of copying and proofreading an information inside a living cell is a work of intelligence. And we know that intelligence can not be the owner of itself. Yet you said you don't know if any intelligent being exist. |
nwabekeyi:But do you believe that intelligent being did it even if the real identity of such being is not known to us ? |
nwabekeyi:DNA polymerases are the enzymes that build DNA in cells. During DNA replication (copying), most DNA polymerases can “check their work” with each base that they add. This process is called proofreading.If the polymerase detects that a wrong (incorrectly paired) nucleotide has been added, it will remove and replace the nucleotide right away, before continuing with DNA See the reference below; https://googleweblight.com/i?u=https://www.khanacademy.org/science/high-school-biology/hs-molecular-genetics/hs-discovery-and-structure-of-dna/a/dna-proofreading-and-repair&hl=en Of course we all know by experience that processes of copying and proofreading an information require an intelligence. |
nwabekeyi:Information processing system observe inside a cell in a laboratory is enough to test for the existence of intelligent design. |
nwabekeyi:You can test for intelligent design by comparing its explanatory power with other competing hypothesis. |
nwabekeyi:So observing the fossil records and radiometric dating results is equivalent to testing for macroevolution ? Explain how natural process can accomplish the three minimum requirements listed above without intelligence and consciousness during embryonic development. |
nwabekeyi:Which convincing experiment did evolutionists perform before ascribing our existence and the existence of other life forms to macroevolution ? If you suddenly meet a sculptor of a man sitting on a horse in a bush, are you going to be designing a hypothesis and experiment before you conclude that this is the work of intelligence and consciousness ? Having belief in God does not prevent the work of science. Rather, further research can be enhanced by believing that universe must be comprehensible since it was created by an intelligent being |
What later caused these group of differentiated and specialized cells to start "
managed to be evolved from mitosis ( that is concerned with the production of other "body cells"