₦airaland Forum

Scientists at the University of Waterloo have developed a vaginal implant to protect women from HIV infection, the tool decreases the number of cells that the HIV virus can target in a woman’s genital tract. Unlike conventional methods of HIV prevention, such as condoms or anti-HIV drugs, the implant takes advantage of some people’s natural immunity against the virus.

HIV infects the body by corrupting T cells that are mobilized by the immune system when the virus enters the body, when the T cells stay resting(immune quiescent) and do not attempt to fight the virus they are not infected and the HIV virus is not transmitted between people. Previous research involving sex workers in Kenya showed that many women who had sex with HIV positive clients but did not contract the virus because the women possessed T cells that were naturally immune quiescent.

The implant is a hollow tube and two pliable arms to hold it in place. It contains hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) which is disseminated slowly through the porous material of the tube and absorbed by the walls of the vaginal tract. The implants were tested in an animal model and they observed a significant reduction in T cell activation- the vaginal tract was demonstrating an immune quiescent state.
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Researchers at the University of Virginia School of Medicine and the George Washington University School of Medicine have discovered how a gene variant found in 48 percent of the population can limit the body’s ability to eliminate excess salt after intake of high-salt meals. The gene variation increases the risk of having blood pressure that is sensitive to salt.

Salt sensitivity of blood pressure is difficult to diagnose because some patients may have normal blood pressure and still be salt-sensitive. Knowing precisely where the salt-elimination defect is located and how it works could lead to personalized treatments for the condition. People that are sensitive to salt will have a higher incidence of strokes, heart attacks, kidney failure and blindness because of their inability to eliminate sufficient sodium.

It is important for the body to get rid of excess sodium because having too much sodium in the body causes water retention, which can raise blood pressure and significantly shorten lifespan. Gene defect causes a sodium transporter-NBCe2, to overwork. This brings too much sodium filtered in the kidney back into the body, especially after a high-salt meal. Excess salt intake could be dangerous for people with defective gene.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

US health regulators have approved an artificially intelligent medical device that can identify disease without doctor’s attention. The device-IDx-DR, is designed to detect the most common cause of vision loss among people living with diabetes. The in-built camera takes a picture of the patient’s eye, which is assessed by an algorithm to determine whether there are signs of diabetic retinopathy.

IDx-DR will be used to detect diabetic retinopathy, in which high levels of blood sugar lead to damage in the blood vessels of the retina and vision loss. IDx-DR program uses Artificial Intelligent AI software to analyze images of the eye taken with a retinal camera.

The software indicates that the patient either has more than mild diabetic retinopathy and should be referred to eye care professional for treatment, or is ‘negative’ for more than mild diabetic retinopathy and should be rescreened in 12 months.

In a clinical trial, IDx-DR was able to correctly identify the presence of more than mild diabetic retinopathy 87.4 percent of the time and identify those who did not have more than mild disease 89.5 percent of the time.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

Sleepless night may cause the brain to fill with protein chunks that have been linked to the development of Alzheimer’s disease, sleep deprivation for one night increases the quality of beta amyloid in the brain, a substance that clumps together between neurons to form plaques that hamper the brain ‘s ability to function.

Previous mouse and human studies have found potential links between too little sleep and an accumulation of beta amyloid in the brain. Researchers recruited 20 healthy participants with no history of brain disorders, and they spend two nights in the lab-one in which they were allowed to get a good night’s rest, and another in which they didn’t sleep.

The morning after both nights, the participants underwent brain scans to assess their levels of beta amyloid, researchers found that sleep deprivation was associated with a significant increase in beta amyloid in the brain, when compared with a good night’s sleep. Beta amyloid increases were observed in regions of the brain important to memory and thought-hippocampus and the thalamus.

Experts suspect that every time a neuron fires, it contributes to the production of beta amyloid in the brain, when people don’t sleep, their neurons continue to fire, potentially leading to a buildup of beta amyloid. Sleep aids the removal of waste products from the brain, which include beta amyloid. During sleep, neurons shrink in size, creating space between the cells that allows waste products to be more readily cleared from the brain.

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Polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS is a major endocrine disorder affecting some women of reproductive age, it is one of the leading causes of infertility in women. The syndrome is a set of symptoms related to elevated levels of androgens -male hormones in females and includes irregular or no menstrual periods, heavy periods, excess body and facial hair, acne, pelvic pain and patches of thick, darker, velvety skin. It is associated with Type 2 diabetes, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, heart disease, mood disorders and endometrial cancer.

According to an Associate Professor Rebecca Campbell from the University’s Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Physiology, Blocking androgen actions could help re-set reproductive function to normal levels by modifying brain circuitry important to fertility. Despite the early development of brain pathology in some forms of polycystic ovary syndrome, normal reproductive function can potentially be restored in adult women with the disorder through modifying the wiring in the brain because it involved in both the development and pathology of polycystic ovary syndrome.

The researchers in a preclinical model on the syndrome identified changes in specific brain circuits that may underlie the disorder. In the study, researchers investigated when these circuit abnormalities develop and whether the circuits are “hard-wired” or can be changed by blocking androgen actions once the disorder is established. They discovered that brain changes occur prior to the onset of puberty, which is before the syndrome appears, suggesting that the brain pathology precedes disease development. Long-term blockade of androgen actions was able to completely restore normal brain wiring and reproductive cycles.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

STRONGER THAN YOU ENEMIES PART 4
CHILDREN OF THE CONQUERORS.
(Inclusive majorly excerpts of second part of the message by Pastor E.A.Adeboye on Friday 6th April 2018).

“Behold, I and the children whom the Lord hath given me are for signs and for wonders in Israel from the Lord of hosts, which dwelleth in mount Zion.” Isaiah‬ ‭8:18‬ ‭KJV‬‬

Dearly beloved and friends ,the Lord says: you and your children will be for signs and wonders. The child of a conqueror is also a conqueror. Like Father like the son and like mother like the daughter (Ezekiel 16:44 and John 8:44),

The Bible is full of examples of fathers whose children took after them and became greater:

1.Isaac:His Father Abraham was a nobody when God called him but later on he became tremendously great (Genesis 12:1-3;24:34-35).
Genesis 26:12-14 -Inspite of the economic situation Isaac became very great ,conquered and overcame famine and failure (Genesis 26:2)
Every force attacking your children shall be destroyed in Jesus mighty name amen.
Genesis 21:1-2 Isaac was a child of laughter,
Sorrow shall be far from your family
Isaac was a child of multiplication.(Genesis 26:12-14).Your children will be greater than you in Jesus name.

2.Joshua :His spiritual Father was Moses.
Exodus 12: 40-41 ,Moses took children of Israel out of Egypt.(Exodus:14:1-28)
In Exodus 15:22-26,Moses turned bitter water to sweet;Exodus 17:1-6 brought water out of the rock etc.Now consider his spiritual son ,Joshua.

Joshua 1:1-8 succeeded where Moses failed
Exodus 17:8-13 Lifted up his hands ,while Joshua fought the Amalekites. Joshua was a fighter.
Joshua 6:1-20 led people and wall of Jericho fell.
Joshua 10:12-14 Joshua stopped the Sun and Moon.
God used Joshua to finally fulfill the destiny of Moses.Moses couldn't get the children of Israel to the promised land but Joshua did.In a similar manner; God will ensure your children fulfill any aspects of your destiny you can't fulfill.Amen.

3.Samuel:Samuel was the son of a prayer warrior
(1 Samuel1:9-10),Hannah.
1 Samuel 1:19-22).Her mother was a partner of a covenant keeping God.

Samuel became a king Maker (1 Samuel 10:1-9)
1 Samuel 16:1-13 made the second king
1 Samuel 15:26-29 he was also a king removal.
He was a man of decrees (1 Samuel 3:13),his word did not fall to the ground unfulfilled.
Samuel was indeed a prophet 1 Samuel 3:19-21.

4.David killed Goliath
1 Samuel 16:23 he tamed demons
1 Samuel 22:1-2 Vagabonds went to Him to help.
2 Samuel 23:8-39 he made mighty men of the vagabonds
2 Samuel 23:1 he was a good singer,composer
2 Samuel 3:18,he was a king
Psalm22:1 he was mighty Prophet
Psalm23 :1 prophesied about Jesus, the great Shepherd
Psalm24:7-10 he prophesied about second coming of Jesus
Mark 20:20-23 he was called the father of Jesus :Son of David.
David did all these and Jesus was referred to as Son of David.Of course Jesus is all in all to us all.

G.O 's Father was a lay reader but his son G.O is going places for God.
Where you never think you will get to, your children will take your name there in Jesus name.

5.Elijah :Closed the heaven(1 Kings 17:1)
1 Kings 17:13-15: he multiply food of a widow
1 Kings 18:38,fire fell from Heaven

Elisha had double anointing
2 Kings 2:19-22 he destroyed curses
2 Kings 17:1- he was a debt destroyer
He was a commander of commanders
2Kings 5: 10 ,Naaman obeyed him.
2 Kings 6:18-19 arrested his arresters
2 Kings 13:14 Kings called him Daddy
2 Kings 13:20-21 his dead body raised the dead
Elijah was a terror to Kings,Elisha became a Daddy to Kings.

What to do:
1. Ensure you are on the Lord's side so He can save you and your children
2.Train up the child the way he should go.
3.Be a good example to your children.

Prayer Points:
1.Father,let the peace of my children be great both biological and spiritual in Jesus mighty name.
2.Father as for me and my children,Please terror far away from me and my children ;don't let fear come upon them in Jesus mighty name.
3.Father,anyone who gathers together against me and my children, let them all fall.
4.Father anyone today who may be considered barren by this time next year ,let them come with their own children ,please open their wombs.
5.Father,from tonight let my days of glory begin in the mighty name of Jesus, let my days of shame be over.
6.Father,anoint me for victory and anoint my children for victory anoint my family for complete victory.
7.Father by the power of the anointing tonight let every yoke in my family be destroyed.
8.Father, by the power of the anointing of tonight,Let ways be opened unto me anywhere I turn.
G.O 's final blessing "The Lord who has called me will make you great ,no matter how great you are,your children will be greater than you....
All your enemies will bow before you.
Sickness,death,sorrow ,poverty, failure will stay away from you.
Forever you will be greater than your enemies and you will never beg.Go in peace in Jesus mighty name amen."

SURELY AS THE LORD LIVETH YOUR CHILDREN SHALL BE GREATER THAN YOU.

Serotonin is responsible for happiness and sadness, scientists from Flinders University, SAHMRI and the University of Adelaide found that serotonin can be linked to obesity. An increased concentration of the chemical disrupts the calorie control. Increased concentration of “gut serotonin” is bad for human metabolism, it increases blood glucose and fat mass. More serotonin in the body could lead to obesity and diabetes.

Obese people have double serotonin in their gut in comparison with healthy people. Scientists conducted a research and discovered that obesity can actually be characterized by an increased capacity of the body to produce and release serotonin in the gut. Serotonin-producing cells are scattered in between the cells of the protective layer of the inside of human gut. These hormones are crucial for human health– they control the movement of fat, metabolism and control food intake.

Increased levels of gut serotonin can be linked to diabetes and obesity, human gut produces and releases serotonin during meals and rest. Controlling the production of gut serotonin could aid obesity treatment, promoting healthy lifestyle and good diet can reduce the risk.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

Mechanical and chemical engineers at McMaster, working with biochemists from across campus, have collaborated to develop a transparent test patch, printed with harmless molecules, that can detect contamination as it happens. The patch can be incorporated directly into food packaging to examine the contents for harmful pathogens such like E. coli and Salmonella.The new technology can replace the “best before” date on food and drinks.

The new technology would trigger a signal in the packaging that could be read by a smartphone or other simple device without affecting the contents of the package if the food or drink contains pathogens.
According to the World Health Organization, foodborne pathogens result in approximately 600 million illnesses and 420,000 deaths per year.

The researchers called the new material- “Sentinel Wrap” in tribute to the McMaster-based Sentinel Bioactive Paper Network, an interdisciplinary research network that worked on paper-based detection systems. The network’s research gave rise to the new food-testing technology. They point technology could also be used in bandages to indicate if wounds are infected, or for wrapping surgical instruments to assure they are sterile.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

Human genome contains the raw information in form of DNA that determines everything like potential risk for disease, state of health and many other things. Columbia University researchers have developed a computational tool that translate segments into a way to understand the code. Decoding genome can aids scientists understanding of how DNA guides everything from growth and development to aging and disease.

The genomes of simple organism like fruit fly contain 120 million letters worth of DNA, much of which has yet to be decoded because the cues it provides have been too subtle for existing tools to pick, said Richard Mann, PhD, a principal investigator at Columbia’s Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute and a senior author of the paper. The new algorithm makes it east to access the genetic code and pick up even the faintest signals, resulting in a much more complete picture what DNA encodes.

Geneticists have looked for ways to decipher the mysteries hidden in DNA. One such mystery has involved a particularly pervasive class of genes known as the Hox genes. Hox genes are the body’s master architects; they determined some of the earliest and critical parts of growth and differentiation like how and where embryo develop and grow. Hox genes do this by producing proteins known as transcription factors, which bind to DNA sequences to turn large cohorts of genes on or off.

In the past, researchers discovered that the Hox transcription factors were also binding at many other locations—just more discretely at so-called ‘low-affinity sites.’ The scientists believed these low-affinity binding sites to be key to the Hox transcription factors being able to drive one aspect of development versus another. The problem remained how to decipher these sites from the genome.

Some researcher developed a genetic sequencing method called SELEX-seq to systematically characterize all Hox binding sites. The development had limitations: It required the same DNA fragment to be sequenced over and over again. With each new round, more pieces of the puzzle were revealed, but information about those critical low-affinity binding sites remained hidden.

To overcome this challenge, Dr. Bussemaker and his team developed a sophisticated new computer algorithm called No Read Left Behind, NRLB. It was able to explain the behavior of all DNA sequences in the SELEX-seq experiment. It gives access to spectrum of binding sites from the highest to the lowest affinity with a greater degree of sensitivity and accuracy than any existing method, including state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms.
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HIV is believed to have evolved from a simian immunodeficiency virus SIV, that originated in chimpanzees, a crucial protein for protection acts as a sticky pad on the surface of infected cells, preventing them from releasing nascent virus particles. Viruses have developed their protection of proteins as a countermeasure. Vpu, an HIV accessory protein that targets tetherin, allows HIV to escape and spread.

An international team led by Kei Sato and Yoshio Koyanagi of Kyoto University set out to test whether the evolution of Vpu could have aided SIV in making the leap to humans. Researchers used an immunodeficient mouse model with a reconstituted human immune system, established through the transplantation of human blood-forming stem cells. Using reverse genetics to engineer several HIV strains with different Vpu mutants, the team investigated which Vpu function was key for successful virus infection.

Vpu can inhibit immune signaling pathways in the cell and degrade tetherin, the Vpu variant responsible for downregulating tetherin was the most important property of Vpu for HIV. Returning tetherin to normal levels could suppress virus replication, suggesting that a minimal number of tetherin molecules can combat HIV. SIV could not effectively infect human blood cells in the mouse model. But when SIV Vpu was endowed with properties resembling HIV Vpu.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

Screening for drug resistance is key to improving treatment approaches for many cancers. Researchers in the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto have developed a new technology for liquid biopsy to identify which patients may not respond to standard therapy. Screening patients using blood sample as opposed to more invasive techniques required for conventional biopsies is a good development.

Using magnetic nanoparticles with DNA to capture probes on the surface that can target circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in blood samples to see if the cells contains biomarkers associated with drug resistance can detect the individual magnetized cells in a microfluidic device built in the laboratory, isolating them from all the other cells in the sample and allows researchers to perform sensitive analysis.

The cells with the highest magnetic content will also have high mRNA expression for the biomarker associated with drug resistance. Patients with high mRNA expression should be considered for other therapies because they won’t respond to the first-line treatment.

Targeting the cells responsible for spreading cancer CTCs is important because they carry information from the primary tumour that can inform treatment; however, they are outnumbered by a billion-to-one by normal cells in a patient’ blood and are diffficult to capture. The new method can provide both CTC count and an analysis of the clinically relevant biomarker.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

Scientists at Van Andel Research Institute (VARI) and Cedars-Sinai have developed a computational way to measure cellular age, this may leads to simpler screening and monitoring methods for cancer and other diseases. This reveal a progressive, measurable loss of specific chemical tags that regulate gene activity and are detectable at the earliest stages of development. These changes continue throughout a person’s life, correlating with cellular rather than chronological age and foreshadowing alterations found in cancer cells.

It builds on a 2011 discovery by Berman and Laird that first determined loss of these DNA marks-called methyl groups -occurs in specific areas of the genome in cancer. However, the techniques used at that time could not detect this process occurring in normal cells. Human cellular clock starts ticking the moment the cells begin dividing, this method allows tracking the history of past divisions and measure age-related changes to the genetic code that may contribute to normal aging and dysfunction.

Each of the nearly 40 trillion cells in the human body can trace its lineage back to a single, fertilized egg cell containing the original copy of individual’s DNA. These cells divide, replacing old or damaged cells at different rates based on their function in the body, environmental insults and wound healing throughout lifespan. Despite undergoing elaborate biological quality control checks, each cell division chips away at the genome’s integrity, leaving behind an accumulating number of changes.

While loss of DNA methyl groups, known as hypomethylation, is a common feature of many cancers, the mechanisms behind this phenomenon have until now been largely unknown. It is more profound in cancers that arise in tissues with a high turnover rate, such as the skin and the epithelium, the thin layer of cells that line many organs. It also features prominently in pediatric cancers such as medulloblastoma, a rare brain tumor.

Tissues with higher turnover rates are typically more susceptible to cancer development because errors can accumulate and force the change from a normal cell to a malignant one. Analysis and data interpretation for the project were led by Wanding Zhou, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow in the labs of Laird, Shen and VARI Chief Scientific Officer Peter Jones, Ph.D., D.Sc., along with co-first author Huy Q. Dinh, Ph.D., at the time a project scientist in Berman’s lab at the Cedars-Sinai Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics.

The study encompassed 39 diverse tumors and more than 340 human and 200 mouse datasets-the most in-depth study of its kind and would not have been possible without massive swaths of publically accessible data from large-scale sequencing projects, including The Cancer Genome Atlas.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

According to an analysis by researchers at the National Institutes of Health, hypertension before conception may increase the risk of pregnancy loss.The analysis found that for every 10 mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure-when the heart is resting between beats, there was an 18-percent-higher risk for pregnancy loss among the study participants. Keeping blood pressure under control could reduce the risk.

Researchers analyzed data collected as part of the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction (EAGeR) trial, which sought to determine if daily low-dose aspirin (81 milligrams) could prevent miscarriage in women who had a history of pregnancy loss. The EAGeR trial enrolled more than 1,200 women ages 18 to 40 years and took blood pressure readings before the women were pregnant and in the fourth week of pregnancy.

Average diastolic blood pressure for the women in the study was 72.5 mmHg; normal blood pressure in adults is a diastolic reading of below 80 mmHg. They discovered increase in pregnancy loss among women who had a diastolic reading above 80 mmHg. None of the women in the study had stage II high blood pressure-above 90 mmHg in systolic high blood pressure or above 140 mmHg in systolic blood pressure. After considering maternal age, higher body mass index or smoking, the relationship between preconception blood pressure and pregnancy loss remained the same.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

A team of researchers led by Brown University infectious disease experts and engineers has identified a new class of antibiotics that could kill drug-resistant “superbugs.” A professor of infectious diseases at Brown’s Warren Alpert Medical School and chief of infectious diseases at Rhode Island Hospital and the Miriam Hospital, Eleftherios Mylonakis led a multidisciplinary team of researchers searching for drugs to target bacteria that have developed a resistance to conventional antibiotics.

Their research led to the identification of two synthetic retinoids, both of which demonstrated the ability to kill MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), a type of staph bacteria that is resistant to several antibiotics. It takes the bugs an average of two years to develop resistance to antibiotics. It takes more than 10 to 15 years of work to get an antibiotic into clinical practice.

Drug-resistant staphylococcus is of great concern because it’s omnipresent in the environment and on skin, it is highly virulent and can cause serious blood, bone and organ infections.It affects individuals in the hospital, the very old and everybody. Researchers developed novel ways to screen a remarkable 82,000 synthetic compounds to identify those that would serve as effective antibiotics but not be toxic to humans.

Ultimately, 85 compounds were identified that decreased the ability of MRSA to kill laboratory roundworms. Of those, two, both synthetic retinoids, were selected. Sophisticated computer modeling and other studies showed that retinoids impair bacterial membranes. Moreover, these compounds kill so-called MRSA “persister” cells that are drug-resistant dormant cells that are not susceptible to current antibiotic therapies.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

Chemotherapy resistance occurs when cancer cells stop responding to a therapy, some cancerous cells that are not killed by the chemotherapy change and become resistant to chemotherapy drug. They may be more resistant cells than cells that are sensitive to chemotherapy treatment after multiplication. A cancer cell may produce hundreds of copies of a particular gene, which may triggers an overproduction of protein that renders the anticancer drug ineffective.

Cancer cells may pump the drug out of the cell as fast as it is going in using a molecule called p-glycoprotein, cancer cells may stop taking in the drugs because the protein that transports the drug across the cell wall stops working. The cancerous cells may repair the DNA breaks caused by anti-cancer drugs or development of mechanism that inactivates the drug.

Chemotherapy is a cancer treatment that uses anti-cancer drugs -chemotherapeutic agents to kill cancer cells. New research from Rockefeller’s Jue Chen sheds light on the process by which the cells spit molecules out. Scientists used electron cryomicroscopy, an imaging technique that involves freezing molecules in a thin layer of ice, to detail the molecular structure of a pump known as MRP1.

They showed how the pump grabs on to its cargo from inside of the cell, and the new images focus on the cargo’s release to the outside of the cell. Small rearrangements in MRP1 facilitate the release process, thay also studied another pump known as Pgp, which is found in the blood-brain-barrier and gastrointestinal tract, it can recognize a surprising number of compounds to drive toxins out of cells but has a proclivity to also eject chemotherapy drugs.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

Human brain sends inhibitory neurons that reduce conscious awareness to get to a point of deep sleep. Normal sleepers often feel like they’ve fallen asleep before their brain is in a state of sleep, but people with insomnia have opposite feeling. A recent study by BYU psychology professor Daniel Kay suggests a dysfunction in the inhibition process could prevent those with insomnia from falling asleep.

Patients with insomnia appear to be asleep, their eyes are closed and their brain is in a characteristic sleep pattern, but when they wake up they may think they are awake. Sleep misperception is based on the assumption that sleep is categorical, either being asleep or being awake and that when you’re asleep you don’t have consciousness. It is possible to be consciously aware that the brain is in a sleep pattern. To help the participants feel comfortable enough to fall asleep, they slept at the lab for two nights before the study.

The participants were monitored with polysomnography, the gold-standard objective measure of sleep, and once their brain-wave patterns had been in a state of sleep for 10 minutes, a radioactive tracer was injected in their arm. The tracer, attached to glucose molecules, was taken into active brain neurons. After 20 minutes, the researchers woke the participants and took a scan of their brain. When patients reported being awake longer than polysomnography measured, they had greater activity in regions of the brain associated with conscious awareness during non-rapid eye movement sleep.

When good sleepers reported going to sleep before polysomnographic sleep occurred, they too had greater brain activity in the same regions. Patients with insomnia and normal sleepers may experience an inhibition process while falling asleep, patients with insomnia may not perceive being asleep until their brain has a large increase in inhibitory activity in brain regions involved in conscious awareness.

Good sleepers, likewise, may experience going to sleep before the objective measure due to greater inhibitory processes in consciousness centers of the brain, in patients with insomnia reducing conscious awareness during sleep may be impaired. One of the strategies for targeting these processes may be mindfulness meditation. It may help the patients inhibit cognitive processes that are preventing sleep experience.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

According to Penn State College of Medicine researchers, animals on sulfur amino acid-restricted diets showed high levels of sound health and longevity, this could also have positive impacts on people. Amino acids are the building blocks of all proteins in the body. A subcategory called sulfur amino acids includes methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys), which not only make up proteins but also play many roles in metabolism and health.

In the 1990s, studies show health benefits in animals fed Met-restricted diets. In one early study involving rats, 80 percent Met restriction increased average and maximum lifespans by between 42 and 44 percent. Animals on calorie-restricted diets live longer and healthier. In a study led by Zhen Dong, sulfur amino acid restriction consistently demonstrated a range of beneficial effects including enhanced lifespan without calorie restriction.

Met restriction has been associated with delayed aging and longer lifespans in human cells, yeast and animals including fruit flies and rodents. Animals fed sulfur amino acid-restricted diets also had health improvements including reductions in body weight, fat and oxidative stress; fewer cancerous tumors; enhanced insulin sensitivity; and more efficient fuel-burning.

Sulfur amino acids are important for growth. One of the effects of their restriction is to inhibit growth, leading to healthier, longer-lived but smaller animals. When sulfur amino acid restriction was initiated in fully grown adult animals, circumventing the problem seen in younger animals.Those results we think are important because they indicate that if we were to initiate a restricted diet in adult human beings, we would still get the beneficial effects without growth retardation.

Studies involving people have associated sulfur amino acids with increased body weight, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and cancer, suggesting that restricting Met and Cys could protect against these conditions. Many vegetarian diets are low in Met and Cys. Beans and other legumes are a good source of protein that are low in sulfur amino acids.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

Mother’s stress during pregnancy changes the brain connections of fetus. Researchers at Wayne State University examined neural activity of fetuses between 30 and 37 weeks gestation by using newly-developed scanning methods and discovered that fetuses whose mother are exposed to high levels of stress, anxiety and depression are different from those whose mothers did not have high levels of stress, anxiety and depression.

Mothers involved in the study are poor, came from urban areas fraught with stress, with many reporting high levels of depression and anxiety. Maternal stress may affect vision, balance and motor functions development.

Researchers used fetal resting-state fMRI, to check functional connectivity in fetuses scanned between the 30 and 37 weeks gestation. The differences in stress response are seen in cerebellum. Functional macroscale neural networks build during the brain formation, this may affect health and development.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

Infertility affects some women of reproductive age, having one sugary drink a day lowers the chance of successful IVF. Infertile women undergoing IVF after unsuccessful attempts may become pregnant and have a live birth after receiving the growth hormones estradiol and progesterone. Estradiol and progesterone improved blood flow to the lining of the uterus, preparing it for egg implantation.

Sugar stimulates the release of stress hormones that affect the health of the reproductive system, it reduces the number and maturity of a woman’s ovarian cells, as well as lowering their amount of high-quality embryos, eggs and embryos may fail to thrive in high blood glucose environments.

Researchers analysed different women undergoing IVF. The participants were investigated during the second stage of IVF treatment-ovarian stimulation, to harvest mature eggs from the ovaries. They completed a questionnaire to get their drink consumption. No link was found between coffee, caffeinated drinks or diet sodas and a woman’s IVF prospects, among women having IVF for the first time without such hormones, 74.3 per cent become pregnant and 68.6 per cent have a live birth.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

Eating less might be key to a longer life, reduction in caloric intake have a significant decrease in metabolism, improves biomarkers associated with slower aging and longer life span, this leads to lower core body temperature, lower blood sugar and insulin levels, and significant drops in hormones that moderate metabolism. Calorie restrictions reduce aging process in animals.

According to Anderson, an associate professor who studies aging and calorie restriction at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, aging studies in animals linked lower calorie intake to longer lives. Researchers recruited healthy participants with an average age of 40 to follow a calorie-restricted diet for two years. The study participants cut 25 percent of their daily caloric intake using three different models of a healthy diet.

They achieved 15 percent reduction in calorie intake that was sustained for the two years, the group lost about 20 pounds in the first year. Tests showed changes in metabolism and body processes mirroring those that have been linked to longer life span in animals and people and reduction in oxidative stress related to their lowered metabolism. The byproducts of making energy is oxygen radicals, these accumulate in the body and cause damage to cells and tissues, the damage can cause cells to age faster and contribute to different diseases.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

Dr. John Howard, director of the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted a research on the effect of loud noise on health. Loud noise is one of the most common workplace hazards, regular exposure to loud noise increases high blood pressure and cholesterol levels. High blood pressure and high cholesterol levels cause heart disease.

Scientists analyzed data from National Health Interview Survey and discovered that many workers had a history of noise exposure at work, some of them had temporary and permanent hearing loss, lost of coordination and concentration, fatigue, high blood pressure and high cholesterol.

Work-related noise exposure could be linked to 58 percent of hearing problems, 14 percent of high blood pressure and 9 percent of high cholesterol cases. Industries with the highest rates of worker noise exposure are mining, welding, construction and manufacturing.
[url]haleplushearty.org[/url]

A new study at Columbia University Irving Medical Center CUIMC has discovered that the abdominal fat can become dangerous when it becomes inflamed, the inflammation may come from the liver. In obese mice, the liver increases the production DPP4- an enzyme. This enzyme travels through the blood stream to abdominal fat. DPP4 activate inflammatory cells when it gets to liver.

Abdomen or belly fat increases the risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The inflammation can be soothed by turning off DPP4 production in the liver, soothing inflamed abdominal fat improved insulin resistance. Targeting liver DPP4 in people may be a new way to treat obesity-induced type 2 diabetes. Inhibiting DPP4 specifically in liver cells attacks insulin resistance. Current DPP4 inhibitors do not reduce inflammation in fat or improve insulin resistance.

Abdomen or belly fat increases the risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Patients with type 2 diabetes are given oral DPP4 inhibitors- gliptins to manage their disease. These drugs lower blood sugar by preventing DPP4 from interfering with a hormone that stimulates insulin production. DPP4 inhibitors lower blood sugar by inhibiting DPP4 in the gut. Researchers selectively blocked DPP4 production inside liver cells to reduce fat inflammation, improve insulin resistance and lower blood sugar. DPP4 inhibitors could be more potent if they were redirected to liver cells and away from the gut.
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According to preliminary research presented at the American Heart Association’s Epidemiology and Prevention, eating foods cooked at high temperature may raise the risk of developing high blood pressure. Researchers analyzed the links between cooking methods and the development of high blood pressure in different people who regularly ate beef, poultry or fish.

Cooking methods information was considered in the studies. None of the participants had high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, or cancer when they enrolled. Some of the participants who reported eating at least two servings of red meat, chicken or fish a week developed high blood pressure, the analysis revealed that the risk of developing high blood pressure was: 17 percent higher in those who grilled, broiled, or roasted beef, chicken and fish more than 15 times in a month, compared with less than 4 times a month.

Consumed heterocyclic aromatic amines HAAs-chemicals formed when protein is exposed to high temperatures increases the risk of high blood pressure. The link between cooking temperature, method and high blood pressure was independent of the amount or type of food consumed. HAAs produced by cooking meats at high temperatures induce oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance in animal studies, and these may increase the risk of developing high blood pressure. Oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance affect the inner linings of blood vessels, and lead to atherosclerosis-the disease process that underlies heart disease and causes the arteries to become narrowed.

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According to a scientific report, small, daily dose of Viagra reduces risk of colorectal cancer risk in an animal model. It reduces the formation of polyps, an abnormal and asymptomatic clump of cells on the lining of the intestines that may become cancer, says Dr. Darren D. Browning, cancer researcher at the Georgia Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University.

Viagra is used for treating premature infants with pulmonary hypertension and adult with erectile dysfunction. When placed in water, They discovered that Viagra reduced polyps in a mouse model with a genetic mutation that occurs in humans, causing them to produce hundreds of polyps starting as teenagers and resulting in colorectal cancer.

Viagra is known for its ability to relax the smooth muscle cells around blood vessels so the vessels can more easily fill with blood, which is how it helps both erectile dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. But Browning’s lab is showing it also increases levels of the chemical cyclic GMP, which is known to affect the intestinal lining-epithelium.

Viagra suppresses excessive cell proliferation that occurs in the gut and an increase in normal cell differentiation as well as the natural elimination of abnormal cells by apoptosis. Proliferating cells are more subject to mutations that cause cancer. Existing polyps were not affected, more evidence that targeting cyclic GMP signaling appears to be a good prevention strategy in high-risk patients. Viagra inhibits PDE5- a natural occurring enzyme in colon cells and other tissues that breaks down cyclic GMP so there is more of it available to reduce cell proliferation and improve differentiation into cells like the goblet cells that secret protective mucus.

Guanylyl-cyclase C is the primary source of cyclic GMP in the intestinal lining. People with the genetic predisposition for polyps have reduced levels of GCC-activating peptides, which are also commonly lost in human colon cancers. The mice used for the experiment have mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli APC – gene, a known tumor suppressor. People with mutations in the APC gene can develop hundreds of polyps in the colon and rectum and are considered at highest risk for colorectal cancer.

According to the National Institutes of Health, the average age of developing a colon cancer is 39, linaclotide used for treating constipation and irritable bowel syndrome increases cyclic GMP. Linaclotide is effective at reducing polyp formation but causes diarrhea after use. Viagra used by humans and in the lab have no side effect.
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Tests on major brands of bottled water have found that all of them contained tiny particles of plastic. In the largest investigation of its kind, 250 bottles in different countries were examined. Research led by journalism organisation Orb Media discovered an average of 10 plastic particles per liter, each larger than the width of a human hair.

Presently, there is no evidence that ingesting very small pieces of plastic is harmful, but understanding the potential implications is an active area of science. The plastic have been discovered in seafood, beer, sea salt and air in the past. The screening for plastic involved adding a dye called Nile Red to each bottle, a technique recently developed by British scientists for the rapid detection of plastic in seawater.

Previous studies have established how the dye sticks to free-floating pieces of plastic and makes them fluoresce under certain wavelengths of light. Researchers filtered their dyed samples and then counted every piece larger than 100 microns-roughly the diameter of a human hair.
Some of these particles- large enough to be handled individually were analysed by infrared spectroscopy, confirmed as plastic and further identified as particular types of polymer.

Particles smaller than 100 microns and down to a size of 6.5 microns were much more numerous (an average of 314 per litre) and were counted using a technique developed in astronomy for totalling the number of stars in the night sky. The particles below 100 microns had not been identified as plastic, opening a bottle may shed particles inside.
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Researchers examined how genetics can cause some people to be less sensitive to the taste of salt than others, causing them to prefer salty food. Identifying genetic markers can indicate those at risk of developing the adverse consequences of excessive salt intake, such as high blood pressure. High blood pressure puts an enormous strain on blood vessels and weakens the body’s organs like heart and kidneys.

Small amount of salt is essential to health, excess intake causes the kidneys to retain water in the blood vessels. An increased amount of blood in the vessels puts pressure on the walls of the arteries. From the way that we taste salt to the way kidneys process sodium, there are differences in sodium sensitivity between individuals because of difference in genetics.

The Heart and Stroke Foundation estimates that one in three people are sodium-sensitive. One important underlying reason for sodium sensitivity is in the way we taste salt. Genetics may lead some individuals to require more salt on their tongues to taste it; this is called low oral sensitivity. Genetic differences in kidney function lead to higher sodium retention and therefore higher water retention in the blood vessels.

Whether sodium sensitivity affects the amount of salt needed for tasting or how the kidney handles sodium, these circumstances present special risks for certain individuals to develop high blood pressure. Understanding the genetics behind these individual risks, and being able to inform individuals of their sodium sensitivity may prevent hypertension. Eating a poor, calorie-dense processed foods can also increase the risk of hypertension, reducing salt intake is the most important preventive approach.
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Research shows that the more a couple stays together during pregnancy, the more the child resembles the father. The need to know the paternity of a baby has continued to rise, apart from the popular DNA test, there are other ways to discover the paternity of a child. Some other ways are stated below.

Blood type test – The blood type calculator can be used for determining both paternity and maternity. If the mother’s blood type is O and the alleged child’s is B, the father can only have blood type B or AB for the daughter to be related to the father. For example, two O blood type parents can only produce a child with O blood type. Parents with A blood type can produce a child with either A or O blood type.

Two parents with B blood type can produce a child with either B or O blood type. One parent with A and another with B can produce a child with A, B, AB or O blood types. If one parent has A and another has AB, they can produce a child with A, B, or AB blood type. If one parent has A and another has O, they can produce a child with A or O blood type.

Eye colour, Earlobe and Hair colour test can be detected by the use of an Ident gene calculator and observation.
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According to new research, fasting may have good effects on brain by preserving the brain cells from becoming inflamed. Diet low in fat and calories than recommended intakes reduces inflammation in mice’s brain cells and enhances proper functioing of the brain. Lead author Dr Bart Eggen from the University Medical Center Groningen in The Netherlands, said: ‘Ageing-induced inflammatory activation of microglia could only be prevented by limiting intake of fat and calories.

Microglia is a type of cell in the brain maintains the proper function of the organ’s tissue. Brain-cell inflammation has been linked to multiple sclerosis and Rasmussen’s encephalitis, which can cause seizures and dementia. Brain can remain healthy by eating healthy diets and engaging in different exercises, these foods can keep the brain healthy: Leafy green vegetable, fish, berries, nuts, beans, fruits, grains, poultry and low-fat diary. Reduce intake of red meat, full-fat diary and salt to keep the brain healthy. Drink enough water and remain active. Reducing intake of fat and calories can prevent aging-induced changes.

The researchers exposed six-month-old mice to either a high or low-fat diet, then analysed the impact of such diets on their brain inflammation. The experiment was repeated in two-year-old mice who were either given access to a running wheel they could use as they wished or they had their calorie intake reduced.

According to Lancaster University study, human brains become old at 25, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), in the brain and spinal cord changes its speed of movement in people older than 20. These movements are linked to breathing and heart rates, with CSF changes previously being associated with conditions such as multiple sclerosis and high blood pressure.
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Babies move in the womb to develop strong bones and joints, there are some molecular interactions that are stimulated by movement which guide the cells and tissues of the embryo to build a functionally robust yet malleable skeleton. If an embryo doesn’t move, it may be a sign of brittle bones or abnormal joints.

Cells in the early embryo receive biological signals that direct them to contribute to different types of tissue in different places. In the absence of embryonic movement the cells that should form articular cartilage receive incorrect molecular signals, where one type of signal is lost while another inappropriate signal is activated in its place.

Using chick and mouse embryos where movement could be altered, the scientists had previously shown that when movement is reduced the articular cells at the joint do not form properly, and that in extreme cases the bones can fuse at the joint. If movement is reduced bone and joint formation and development may be abnormal.
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Healthy people have cancer cells in their body, cancers cells are not detectable in the standard tests until they have multiplied to a few billion in number. Strong immune system can prevent multiplication of cancer cells and prevents the cells from forming tumors. Multiplication of cancerous cells in the body could be genetic, lifestyle, environmental and eating of junk foods. Eating healthy diets in small portions and the use of supplements can strengthen the immune system to destroy cancer.

Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that involves the killing of the rapidly growing cancer cells and the healthy cells simultaneously. Radiation treatment destroys cancer cells but also burns, scars and damages healthy cells, tissues and organs.
Chemotherapy and radiation can cause cancer cells to mutate and become difficult to kill. Surgery can also cause cancer cells to spread to other parts of the body.

An effective way to destroy cancer cells without any side effects is to starve the cancer cells by not feeding it with the foods it needs to multiply. Cancer cells feed on sugar, milk, red meat and processed foods. Diet rich in fresh vegetables, whole grains, seeds, nuts and fruits put the body into an alkaline state and this suppresses the multiplication of cancer cells.

Negative lifestyle like anger, un-forgiveness, bitterness and stress can suppress the immune system and causes multiplication of cancer cells. Cancer cells cannot grow in an oxygenated environment, regular exercise can increase the levels of oxygenated blood in the body. Exposure to dioxin chemicals(chemicals in perfumes, cleaning agents…) can cause breast cancer.
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Research from Binghamton University, State University of New York explores how the interaction of personality traits can impact the development of an addiction to social networking. Researcher collected self-reported data from more than 280 students and found that three personality traits; neuroticism, conscientiousness and agreeableness were related to social network addiction.

These three personality traits are part of the five-factor personality model, a framework used to theoretically understand the human personality. The two other traits in the model – extraversion and openness to experience did not really contribute to social network addiction. Researchers tested how traits interact with one another as they relate to social network addiction.

The personality traits of neuroticism and conscientiousness have direct negative and positive effects on the likelihood of developing a social network addiction. Neuroticism-experiencing negative emotions like stress and anxiety seemed to increase the development of an addiction to social network sites. Having control and the drive to achieve specific goals seemed to decrease the likelihood of developing a social network addiction.

Social networking companies are working on creating more socially responsible and positive experience for their users, new research out of Binghamton University, State University of New York explores how the interaction of personality traits can impact the likelihood of developing an addiction to social networking.

Neuroticism seemed to moderate the effect of conscientiousness as it relates to social network addiction, because someone can simultaneously be highly neurotic and conscientious, researchers found that even if someone is able to practice self-discipline and regularly persists at achieving goals, the fact that they may also be a stressful and anxious person often overrides the perceived control they may have over social network use. A combination of low levels of agreeableness and conscientiousness are related to a higher likelihood of social network addiction. Addiction can be developed through a rational and well-meaning process.
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