rotecch77:


No body has monopoly of wisdom, we learn everyday.

Some are here to learn while some are here to correct some impressions and wrong doing.

When we see this type of building practice we need to say a little to reduce.
1; building defects
2; collapse of building
3; bad impressions toward professionals
4; save of lives and prosperities
5; unnecessary nearest future expenses
And many more.

Remember doctor can only kill only one person at a go but builder/engineer can kill a dozen of people’s at a go when building collapse .... God forbid.

We are not fighting here.
I come in peace

olukaygold:
Cooking...

olukaygold:
Day 7- We started laying the blocks.(1bricklayer and 1laborer) this was possible due to the German floor,all the blocks were moved to the center of the building. the ratio of the sand for 1bag of cement is 20 headpan.

olukaygold:
In other to cut short the budget, we agreed to use Pre-cast linted for the doors, windows and The beams.

saydfact:
Good day all,

So, I got a few 'likes' in the property sections to do this; designed for site supervisors, carpenters and welder/iron benders, contractors and DIY aspiring home owners. A lot of people have lost job opportunity because they 'over quoted' and others have fallen victim to under-quoting resulting in them running-away or abandoning the projects.

We would practically calculate all the materials need for the below 3 bedroom apartment (plan attached) - at the end of this tutorial, I expect that your estimation of beams and slab (decking) should be better or closer to reality.

Let's get to business - attached below is the slab (S1,S2,S3, etc) and beam (1,2,3, etc) design.

www.nairaland.com/attachments/12273401_nltutorialsmodel001_png5195f931dfd586ad0972d2352ff6e271

Let’s get to business; below is a list of items we would be calculating.
1. Bamboo
2. 2by3 wood
3. 1x12 plank
4. 8/10mm rings in Beam
5. 16mm bars in Beam
6. 12mm bars in slab
7. Granite, Sand and Cement in beam & slab
8. Estimates for others (binding wires, nails etc)

To get a more accurate result, I have divided the slab into sections (S1, S2, S3 etc) - it is possible to take all the slabs as 1 unit for more experienced persons. (the method we would use is give detailed calculation for 2 or 3 sections and state the answer for other (to safe thread space).

NOTE: All dimensions are in Millimetre *

1. BAMBO
Bamboo are placed at 600mm c/c (center-to-center), and are placed in orderly manner vertically and horizontally - hence all we need calculate is number along the X axis and along the Y axis and multiple for numbers. . . . lets go practical now.

SLAB S1 = 1350 by 3300.
Number of Bamboo along any axis = (Distance / 600) + 1
hence: (1350 / 600 ) + 1 = 3 and (3300 / 600) + 1 = 6
number of Bamboos needed for Slab S1 = 3 X 6 = 18 nos

SLAB S2 = 3300 by 3300.
>> (3300 / 600 ) +1 and (3300 / 600) + 1
>> 6 x 6 = 36 nos

SLAB S3 = 2400 by 3300.
>> (2400 / 600 )+1 and (3300 / 600)+1
>> 5 x 6 = 30 nos

Now; calculate for SLAB S4 to S12
S4 = 21 nos; S5 = 36 nos; S6 = 18 nos; S7 = 48 nos; S8 = 15 nos; S9 = 9 nos; S10 = 56 nos; S11 = 21 nos and S12 = 36 nos

Total nos = 344 nos (BUT this is not the total number of Bamboo to buy EXCEPT you're buying used bamboos)

Because New bamboos come in about 10m up; divide the answer by 2 = 344 / 2 = 172 pieces (the off-cuts would take care of minor bracing)

Bamboo for temporal (mallam) staircase used for casting = approx number = 10 pieces.

TOTAL BAMBOO TO BUY = 172 + 10 = 185 PIECES (Approx to nearest /5)


2. 2by3 WOOD
2x3 woods are placed directly on the bamboo and under the 1by12 planks, to transmit the load across and hold all the plank in place. It is also placed at 600mm c/c and has almost same method of calculation as the bamboo. (for ease, we would also calculate it in sections)

Lets calculate the quantity of 2x3 needed for S1 (pick any side to align the wood with; I'll pick the 1350mm side - hence its the 3300 that i'll divide with 600)
>> (3300 / 600 )+1 >> 7. (THIS MEANS, I need 7 number of 1350mm wood) >> 1350 x 7 = 9450mm (I need total length of 9450mm wood & each wood is going to be probably 3000mm long >> this means I need 9450 / 3000 >> 3 length of 2x3 wood for slab S1.

Lets calculate S1 again picking 3300 as our alignment - hence we divide (1350/600) + 1 = 3
>> 3300 x 3 = 9900mm (total length of wood needed)
if wood is 3000mm long, then we need 9900 / 3000 >> 3 length of 2x3 wood for slab S1.
1 x 3 = 3 lengths needed.

ALWAYS APPROXIMATE TO THE NEAREST WHOLE NUMBER.

LETS calculate S2 by quicker now.
3300 by 3300, we align to the first 3300 and divide the second 3300mm by 600mm spacing.
>> (3300 / 600) +1 = 7
>> 3300 x 7 (the 2nd 3300 was used) = 23100mm of wood needed
>> 23100 / 3000 = 8 lenght of 2x3 wood for slab S2.

SLAB S3
>> (3300 / 600) +1 = 7
>> 2400 x 7 = 16800mm of wood needed
>> 16800 / 3000 = 6 length of 2x3 wood for slab S3.

Now; calculate for SLAB S4 to S12
S4 = 3nos, S5 = 8 nos, S6 = 3 nos, S7 = 8 nos, S8 = 3 nos, S9 = 2, S10 = 10, S11 = 4, S12 = 8 (Total = 49 nos)

OTHERS (2x3 wood)

There are additional usage for 2x3 wood, in the mallam steps = 10 (approx)
and cut into sizes of 225mm (used to hold the beam in place) = 10 (approx)
in Staircase = 5 (approx)

TOTAL 2 x 3 WOOD TO BUY = 91 nos >>> BUY 95 PIECES

3. 1 by 12 PLANK
A. FOR BEAM:
Estimating for beams isn't that difficult, all we need to do is get the TOTAL LINEAR LENGTH of the beams (additions of all the lengths of beam 1 to beam 16) AND divide by the length of 1 plank (3000mm).

So; Beam1 = 9000, Beam2 = 3300, Beam3 = 3900, B4 = 9600, B5 = 3300, B6 = 9600, B7 = 9000, B8 = 12900, B9 = 12900, B10 = 4875, B11 = 3300, B12 = 1500, B13 = 4050, B14 = 5100, B15 = 3525, B16 = 4275.

TOTAL LINEAR LENGTH OF BEAM = 100125mm (saved this length, we would use it again soon)
Number of planks needed to cover 1 side of the beam >> 100125/3000 (length of 1 plank) >> 33 planks (BUT THERE ARE 2 SIDES TO A BEAM)
Hence; 1x12 planks needed for beam = 66 nos (we would add for waste later)


B. FOR SLAB:
The fastest way to calculate for slab is to find the area of the slab and divide by the area of 1 plank OR you can calculate for each Slab 1 to 12). I'LL SO AN EXAMPLE OF THE SLAB1 -12, then use the TOTAL AREA option.

E.G Area of 1 Plank = 3000 x 300 (LxB) = 900,000mm
Area of Slab S1 = 3300 x 1350 = 4,455,000
Number of 1x12 plank = 4,455,000 / 900,000
= 5 Planks

Slab S2 (another Example)
Area of Slab S2 = 3300 x 3300 = 10,890,000mm
Area of plank = 900,000mm
Number of 1x12 planks = 10,890,000/900,000
= 12 Planks

I'm going to save time and disregard the two examples above for a shorter method (DISREGARD S1 and S2 ABOVE)

PLANKS NEEDED FOR SLAB:
TOTAL AREA OF SLAB / AREA OF 1 PLANK
Total area of slab = (12900 x 9000 ) + (600 x 4275) >> 116,100,000 + 2,565,000 = 118,665,000
Hence >> 118,665,000 / 900000 = 132 planks (we would add for waste later)


C. FOR EDGES OF SLAB:
In the case of side to slab (150mm thick except otherwise stated in the structural drawings). The plank is sawed (cut) to size at the sawmill; this helps the bricklayers when casting the floor and acts as a level. You could also use as it is BUT you would be required to use a nail to mark out the 150mm level.

Since the plank is used along the PERIMETER of the slab, all we need do is add all the sides of the slab to get the perimeter.

from our plan; Perimeter = 12900 + 9000 + 3525 + 600 + 4275 + 600 + 5100 + 9000 = 45000mm
i.e how many planks of 3000mm long would be required to fill the above length ?
>> 45000 / 3000 = 15 nos. Its advisable to add 1 to it because its sliced to size and better than repeating the process.
Total planks needed = 16 planks (waste added for already)

D. FOR STAIRS AND TEMPORAL (MALLAM) STAIRS:
Lets assume our stairs is 900mm wide (thats the size of 3 planks - note that if its 1200 wide. its 4 planks side by side)

The average staircase measures about 6000mm long (minus landing) hence:
>>> 3 planks side by side and 2 planks long = 6 planks + about 4 planks for landing and side, should do the job.
Hence = 10 planks

for Mallam stairs, the difference is much EXCEPT thats would be wider than 900mm, minimum is 1200mm, hence:
>> 4 planks side by side and 3 planks long = 12 planks + about 2 for landing should do
Hence = 14 planks

TOTAL PLANKS NEEDED ON THIS PROJECT = 66 + 132 + 16 + 10 + 14 = 238 nos
Don't be an Ijebu-Man like me; CONSIDER WASTE and BUY >> 250 PIECES

4. 8mm OR 10mm IN RINGS
From the design our beam is 450mm x 225mm HENCE our ring would be 450-50mm x 225-50mm (where 50 is gotten from the concrete cover of 25mm on all the four sides of the ring. (OUR RING = 400mm by 175mm).

Calculate the perimeter of the ring = 400 + 175 + 400 + 175 = 1150 (add 100mm for overlap of rings) >> 1250mm long.
What this means is that, to produce 1 ring, I need 8mm or 10mm rod of length 1250mm. (BINGO)

The design also used ring spacing at 250mm (or as designed by the structural engineer).

REMEMBER OUR TOTAL LINEAR LENGTH OF BEAM IS = 100125mm
Hence >> 100125 mm / 250mm (spacing) gives us the total number of rings needed.
>> 401 rings are needed but ONE ring is 1250mm long
Hence: 1 lenght of Iron (12000mm) long can produce 9 rings. (i.e 12000 / 1250)

IF 1 IRON ROD PRODUCES 9 RINGS, HOW MANY RODS IS NEEDED TO PRODUCE 401 RINGS ?
Ans = 401 / 9 >> BUY 45 LENGTH OF 8mm/10mm

5. 16mm BARS IN BEAM
Also from our design (except otherwise designed), we have 4Y16 = 2 bars of 16mm top and 2 bars of 16mm bottom = 4.

LINEAR LENGTH OF BEAM = 100125mm
1 LENGTH OF 16mm ROD -= 12000mm
We need 100125 / 12000 to fill the entire length >> 9 Bars

there are 4 bars to fill, hence we need 9 x 4 = 36. BUT DEY OOOHHHH

This particular bar has a lot of overlap, so we would allow 20% for overlap = 6 bars.
TOTAL NOS OF 16mm NEEDED >> BUY 42 PIECES


6. 12mm IN SLAB
Calculating 12mm in slab, need a little technicality, you need to have an idea of how the work is done, but here is a simple task you can always do.
A. Find the width of the slab (in this case, its 9600mm), add 1000mm for return on both sides (1000 x 2 = 2000). IF THE ANSWER YOU GET IS MORE THAN 12000mm (YOU'LL NEED TO ADD ANOTHER 1200mm for overlap (i.e 600 x 2 ) where 60mm is sufficient overlap for 12mm rebars.

In our slab >> 9600 + 2000 = 11600mm (so we dont need to add for overlap because 1 LENGTH of 12mm rebar would complete 1 line.

From the design; our bars are spaced at 150mm C/C (centre to centre), Hence >> How many lines of 150mm would fill the LENGHT (12900mm) of the slab ?

>> 12900 / 150 = 86 lines of rebar is needed. We established earlier that 1 rebar would do 1 line hence: 86 x 1 = 86 rebars is needed along the width.

Rebars needed along the legth >> 12900 + 2000 + 1200 = 16100mm (i.e Length of slab + return + overlap because the 1st 2 added is more than 12000mm)
What the above means is that we need a bar of 16100 for 1 line = 16100/12000 = we need 1.5 bars per line (WE NEED ONE AND HALF LENGTH PER LINES)

Number of lines = 9600 / 150 = 64 lines >> 1.5 length x 64 lines = 96 rebars needed along the length.

TOTAL REBAR NEEDED FOR SLAB = 86 +96 = 182 LENGTHS.

Add another 10 bars for staircases and waste >> BUY 192 LENGTH OF 12mm

Note: I didn't deduct the VOID around the stair-hall because it covers for the extra double return needed at that point.

7. GRANITE, SAND AND CEMENT IN BEAM & SLAB
I have so many previous tutorial on this already, there is no need occupying space (I'm sure you all agree - if you need the details, kindly refer to this post and apply same principles >> https://www.nairaland.com/5818635/estimating-cost-fencing-6-plots

Volume of Concrete = 18 cubic meters (m3)
GRANITE = 45 tonnes
SAND = 20 tonnes (if complete, I'll advice 30 tonnes cos it wont be complete)
CEMENT IN BEAM & SLAB = 110 bags

8. OTHERS
Binding Wire BUY 1.5 BUNDLES; it should do the job
Nails - 3 bags (various sizes: 2 inches = 1.5 bag, 3 inches = 1 bag & 4 inches = 0.5 bag)
Water - Get 4 tanks on standby


THANK YOU FOR READING . . . . Check my profile for similar post on other topics.

GOODLUCK.

Isinweke:


You can be worst than rapist and still write this.

UndauntedYOCA:

What?! 14 keh?! Omo!!!

ezeonline2:
Make Money With Bet9ja Split Column Bet

Brasileiro Serie B
Cruzeiro - CR Brasil AL
Place two bets on this match. Bet #1000 on first half over 1.5 goals and bet #1000 on highest scoring half (2nd half)

Bet Code: ZBN3F8T
Kick-off: @ 11:59pm tonight.

udoekere:
Actually i didn't start school early due to some challenges while growing up and i repeated a class not because i failed but due to the fact that i coudn't read.

normally i should have been through with secondary education @ 17 but because i repeated a class i graduated @ 18.

So guys how old were you when you graduated from secondary school?

buygala:
House without fence

It's all fun and games until Area Boys decide to pay his wife a "courtesy visit" and then go on a further courtesy visit to her pu......


Anyway, Oga Bola please try put fence before Madam park enter..

Mythychord:
Get yourself this type of art at affordable price, 1k for the first ten people

anigbajumo:


U are saying pure nonsense,Messi scored 26 goals against EpL top (ur assumed best league in the world in UCL) than Ronaldo 13 goals against English top league in 6yrs...u are saying absolutely trash,he has more goals in Portugal than Messi in Agentina coz he played more matches in his national team than Messi coz he is older than messi...shame no catch u.Check their appearances and see urself...Take away goal from Ronaldo,he is nowhere near Messi coz Messi is everything in football,hope u knw he has won playmaker awarda for 4x??

Laurene:
Steven Seagal is not a bad actor just that he never landed big projects. I'm not saying boseman is a bad actor just that he was mediocre in a mediocre movie

DandeNumeruno:
PAIN & GAIN (2013)...7/10

very funny action comedy.

say what you will about michael bay but the man knows how to entertain.

BlackShit:


Na wah o. The way some of you condemn movies here is terrible. You sound really bitter. At least appreciate the time, money and effort put into it by the cast and crew instead of condemning it from A to Z.

As if thats not enough, you even cursed yourself and the time you spent watching it.

When analyzing movies you need to understand that your opinion is subjective and not final. People see different things in movies when they watch them. The fact that YOU don't like it doesn't necessarily mean the movie is wack and condemnable.

=====
For example:

I see many people discarding the movie Joker here because it doesn't have the boom boom thrilling effect they like. That movie contains a very deep message and reveals a lot about society and human nature. It is the kind of movie that touches aspects of society and realities of life that many of us fail to see around us. But because some people are too shallow to see beyond their screen they discard it as trash and keep wondering why it's getting many accolades.

If you want to really see how powerful and impactful the Joker move is, read through YouTube comments on any of the movie videos on YouTube and see how deeply people related with it.

No matter how action packed and thrilling movies like the Avenger Infinity war and Endgame are, they actually do not have any application and impact on humanity and the real world.

BankyGee:
RIDDLE ME THIS

BankyGee:
RIDDLE ME THIS

. Bad energy

kayodez:
Guys wait ooo, no be that leece wey beat Torino 4-0 last week?

Why I fell to do this again ?

And I no wan add am Napoli oo
10 tickets only 2 is surviving with BP cos of Sheffield straight Win

kayodez:
Guys wait ooo, no be that leece wey beat Torino 4-0 last week?

Why I fell to do this again ?

And I no wan add am Napoli oo
10 tickets only 2 is surviving with BP cos of Sheffield straight Win

ikbaba:
Abeg expect for betking make una help me with 3odds

H2ho:
Samsunspor - Afjet Afyonspor
3-2 27odds
Kahramanmarasspor - Belediye Vanspor
3-1 22odds

combine Both..thats 549 odds


dont jealous me when you see my tickets after

Best banker of the day

IAmImes:
I channel my energy by entering a challenge so as to contribute to this thread and you are telling me to calm my balls?

IAmImes:
You just jump enter my mention like dog wey see bone...u for ask y I yab d guy...we dey on three days 3odds challenge, started yesterday.. We both lose,today my game won and his lose...it is a friendly banter nothing serious...learn to dey your lane and observe...no b every pussy tight

IAmImes:
Second day and you failed...just quit posting game...try posting won bet from your bet9ja shop bro

Shegzo:

LASK - Sturm Graz, Roma U19 - Fiorentina, Glentoran - Coleraine

CC daniel058

mistercharles:
Dortmund-leverkusen, Freiburg - Hoffenheim, waalwijk - Zwolle.

I Shaa don't think 12 games of can give you 1000 odds Shaa. Unless you're picking very big odds