Unlike hybrid
cars, which also
have a gas
engine, electric
cars are only
powered by an
electric car
motor . True electric cars are likely to be the
transport solution of the future according to
manufacturers, although that day is still a long
way off at present.
The technology is still growing but electric cars
do offer some major advantages. Not only will
they reduce and eventually eliminate the need for
fossil fuels but they're also completely silent,
which will get rid of the noise pollution
associated with the gasoline engine. Additionally,
there will be no exhaust fumes to worry about as
there's no exhaust needed with an electric car
motor. How, though, do electric car motors
work?

BATTERY
The battery is the heart of an electric car motor.
It's also the heaviest item in the vehicle
weighing in at well over 1000 pounds. The
problem is that it's currently impossible to get a
big enough charge into the battery pack to run
the car all day. The range is generally in the
region of 50 miles before the battery needs
recharging. Because it lacks any form of
alternator , the electric car motor can't recharge
itself as it drives, other than with regenerative
braking.
It takes a number of hours to fully recharge the
battery. Since very few cities have public
charging stations, the only place to recharge the
car battery is a home. On top of that, the battery
life only runs for between three to four years
after which, it needs to be replaced. Because of
the current size of batteries, this makes them
incredibly expensive. However, the other repair
bills will tend to be small because, unlike a
gasoline engine, there are few other moving
part

If the battery is the heart of the electric car
motor, the controller is the brain as it tells the
engine what to do. It operates as the connection
between the battery and the motor, dictating
how much of motor's energy is transmitted to
the wheels.
When the driver presses down on the gas pedal,
the controller sends the power to the engine to
increase the speed. As soon as the driver
removes his foot from the gas, no further power
goes through. The controller on an electric car
can be either alternating current (AC) or direct
current (DC).

CONTROLLER
With an AC controller, the DC voltage from the
battery is pulsed on and off using three pseudo-
sine waves. The polarity of the DC voltage is
reversed 60 times each second by six different
sets of transistors. The motor of an AC
controlled vehicle will run at 240 volts.
On a DC controller, pulses are sent to the motor
15,000 times every second rather than
continually being on. It can run on anything from
96 to 192 volts.

PONTENTIOMETER
The potentiometer is, to all intents and purposes,
the safety element on the controller. For that
reason, there are two of them attached to the
controller and they are connected to the gas
pedal. Every time the driver presses down on the
gas, the two potentiometers make comparisons
with each other about the increase in power. If
they match, more voltage will pass through the
controller to the motor. If they don't, the
controller will do nothing.

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