www.smobnology.com/2015/08/the-most-important-cmd-console-commands.html?m=0
The most important CMD console commands you
should know
Even though there are many who don't know
about it, and even more who don't actually use it,
the command-line console embedded in every
Windows version (since Windows NT) is one of
the most useful tools that your operating system
provides. Known as CMD, or Command Prompt,
this command-line interpreter is analog to UNIX
shells and allows you to input a set of commands
which you can't issue from anywhere else. To
launch this console, all you have to do is press
Win and R buttons on your keyboard, type
"cmd" (without the quotes) and then press Enter.
Here is a list with some of the Command Prompt
commands which I found to be either highly
useful or very interesting. There's also a third
category called "Redundant" which contains
console commands that have easier alternatives,
but are still worth mentioning.
Very Useful
Ping
Ping
Out of all the available commands, Ping is the one
I use the most. This instruction allows you to send
a data package to a specified URL or IP address
and check how long it takes for it to return to your
PC. In simpler terms, this command will help you
find out if you have a working connection with a
website or another computer on your network
and also find out how well that connection is
working. Here are two examples of how to use it:
" ping 196.168.1.1" (for an IP address) or "ping -t
www.google.com" (for a website; -t means that
this command will not stop automatically and will
require you to manually turn it off).
Additionally there are two more closely related
commands which could help you out in case
something seems to be wrong. If a ping doesn't
return and you want to figure out what is the
problem, you can find out where it stops by using
the Pathping. This command will show you every
hop through which the packet is bounced until it
reaches its final destination, thus enabling you to
see exactly where the connection breaks.
(Example: " pathping www.google.com".) In case
you want to find out which of the hops is
particularly slow you can use Tracert. This
command works the same as Pathping, but also
displays the time it takes for the package to arrive
to each of the hops on the way. (Example:
" tracert www.yahoo.com".)
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