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The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by njoku10(m): 8:35pm On Oct 06, 2017 |
Forty-four years since the October war in 1973, Israel still occupies Palestinian territories and Syrian Golan Heights. To catch Israel off guard, the Egyptians and Syrians decided to launch an attack on the Yom Kippur religious holiday [Getty images] It has been 44 years since the start of the 1973 War between Israel , Egypt and Syria. The war, known to Israelis as the Yom Kippur War, ushered in a new reality in the Arab world and changed the face of US foreign policy towards the Middle East . Here's a breakdown of what happened: Why did the three countries go to war? The conditions that shaped the 1973 War were established six years prior. In 1967, Egypt , Jordan, Syria engaged in six days of battle against Israel that resulted in the Israeli occupation of what remained of historic Palestine, as well as the Egyptian Sinai desert, and the Golan Heights from Syria. The event came to be known as the June War. In a matter of six days, the Israeli army delivered a huge setback to the forces of three Arab countries and gained territory that was three and a half times its size. The territories that Israel occupied in 1967, shaded in Green. Fast-forward six years, Egypt and Syria decided to launch a two-front coordinated attack to regain the territory they lost in 1967. In the background, the politics of the Cold War between the Soviets - who supplied the Arab countries with weapons - and the US - which backed Israel - played out and inflamed the war, bringing the two blocs to the brink of military conflict for the first time since the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis. Under Egyptian and Syrian former presidents Anwar Sadat and Hafez al-Assad, the two Arab nations concluded a secret agreement in January 1973 to unify their armies under one command. How did the war unfold? To catch Israel off guard, the Egyptians and Syrians decided to launch an attack on the Yom Kippur religious holiday, the only day in the year in which there are no radio or television broadcasts, shops close and transportation shuts down as part of religious observations. The holiday fell on Saturday, October 6, 1973, and just after 2pm, the Egyptian and Syrian armies, with advanced Soviet weapons, launched a two-front offensive on Israel, from the north and the south. Under "Operation Badr" the Egyptian military forces managed to cross the Suez Canal and capture the Bar Lev Line - a fortified sand wall on the east bank of the canal. This initial military success, which came to be known to Egyptians as "the crossing," served as a sign of victory after 25 years of defeat. WATCH: The War in October (47:41) On the northern front line, Syrian tanks penetrated Israeli positions and swept across the Golan Heights. The Israeli losses were heavy, much of the territory had been retrieved, and the course of the war seemed to lay squarely within Arab hands. Within the first two days, the Israeli army formulated a new strategy and went on the offensive, deciding first to tackle the Syrians in the north. As a result, units from the Iraqi, Saudi and Jordanian armies joined the fight on the Syrian front to face the counterattack. Both the USSR and the Americans began airlifting arms, including tanks and artillery, to their allies as their stockpiles began to ran out. On October 16, 10 days after the start of the war, Israeli forces, under the command of Ariel Sharon, managed to penetrate Egyptian and Syrian defence lines and came within a shocking distance from Cairo, the Egyptian capital city. The counterattack majorly turned the tide of the war in favour of the Israelis, and the fighting came to a stalemate. On October 17, the Arabs decided to use a different tactic - oil. The Arab oil-producing countries, under the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), decided to reduce their oil production by five percent. They pledged to "maintain the same rate of reduction each month thereafter until the Israeli forces are fully withdrawn from all Arab territories occupied during the June 1967 War, and the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people are restored". The Arab countries enforced an embargo on the US, suspending oil supply. The reduction in oil production and supply led to major price hikes around the world, causing the US to reassess its support for the war. Diplomatic track By the last week of October, the two sides were ready and willing to accept a ceasefire deal. Estimates put the number of Israeli soldiers killed at 2,600 and 8,800 wounded, significantly larger in proportion compared with the Israeli population at the time, while Egypt was reported to have lost 7,700 men and Syria some 3,500. On October 22, the UN Security Council passed Resolution 338, which called for a ceasefire and reaffirmed Resolution 242 passed in 1967, which called on Israel to withdraw from the territories it occupied in 1967. The US then began intensive diplomatic efforts to secure disengagement agreements between Israel, Syria and Egypt, and offered them millions of dollars to reach such deals. By May 1974, agreements were struck between the three countries. Egypt and Syria regained a portion of their territory and UN buffer zones were established between them and Israel. Aftermath of the war Both the Arabs and Israel declared victory in the war. The Arab countries managed to salvage their dignity after repeated losses in the 1948, 1956 and 1967 wars with Israel. Within four years, in 1977, Sadat was in Jerusalem giving a speech of peace to the Israeli parliament, the Knesset. Then US President Jimmy Carter invited both Sadat and former Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin to Camp David, a country retreat for the US president near Washington, DC. The three leaders engaged in secret discussions over 13 days, leading to the signing of the Camp David Accords on September 17, 1978, which laid out conditions for an Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty, and a framework for Israeli-Palestinian peace using Resolution 242. While the Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty was signed by March 1979 in Washington, DC, the framework never materialised for several reasons, although both sides laid blame on one another. The proposal was vague on the subject of Palestinian refugees , and the key issue - the status of Jerusalem. To the Palestinians, Egypt had placed its own interests first and put the Palestinian cause on the backburner. Jordan also signed a peace treaty with Israel in 1992, making Egypt and Jordan the only two countries to have normalised relations with Israel, which continues to occupy the West Bank, East Jerusalem, Gaza, and a portion of the Golan Heights to this day. www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2017/10/arab-israeli-war-of-1973-what-happened-171005105247349.html
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Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by njoku10(m): 8:36pm On Oct 06, 2017 |
I was going to cry when I read this speech from the prime minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu, but at the end I say glory to God. Let's read together Mr. Nethanyahu said: Only 70 years ago! The Jews were taken to slaughter like sheep. > 60 years ago! > no country. No Army. Seven Arab countries declared war on the small Jewish state, only a few hours after its creation! > we were 650 Jews against the rest of the Arab world! NO IDF (Israel Defense Army). No powerful air force, only brave people with nowhere to go. > Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Jordan, Egypt, Libya, Saudi Arabia > all attacked at the same time. > the country that the United Nations gave us was a 65 % desert. > the country is out of nowhere! > 35 years ago! We fought the three armies most > Powerful in the middle east, and we swept them in six days. We fought against various coalitions of Arab countries, which had modern armies and many Soviet weapons, and we have always beaten them! Today we have: > a country, > an army, > a powerful air force, > A State-of-the-Art Economy, which exports millions of dollars. > Intel - Microsoft - ibm develops products at home. > our doctors receive awards for medical research. > we make the desert bloom, and sell oranges, flowers and vegetables all over the world. > Israel has sent its own satellites into space! > three satellites at the same time! > We are proud to be at the same rank as: > The United States, which has 250 million inhabitants, > Russia, which has 200 million inhabitants, > China, which has 1.3 billion inhabitants; > Europeans - France, Great Britain, Germany - with 350 million inhabitants. > the only countries in the world to send objects into space! > Israel is now part of the family of the nuclear powers, > with the United States, Russia, China, India, France, and > Great Britain. > (we have never officially admitted it, but everyone knows it) > and say that only 60 years ago, > we were LED, ashamed and hopeless, to slaughter! > we have extirpés the smoking ruins of Europe, > we have won our wars here with less than nothing > we built our little "Empire" from nothing. Who's Hamas to scare me? > to terrify me? > you make me laugh! > Passover was celebrated; > Let's not forget what this is about. > we survived Pharaoh, > we survived the Greeks, > we survived the Romans, > we survived the inquisition in Spain, > we have the pogroms in Russia, > we survived Hitler, > we survived the Germans, > we survived the Holocaust, > we survived the armies of seven Arab countries, > we survived saddam. > we will survive the enemies present Think of any time in human history! Think about it, for us, the Jewish people, > the situation has never been better! > then let's face the world, Let us remember: > all nations or cultures > who once tried to destroy us, > no longer exist today - while we still live! > Egypt? > the Greeks? > Alexander of Macedonia? > the Romans? (does anyone still speak Latin these days? ) > The Third Reich? > and look at us, > The Bible Nation, > The slaves of Egypt, > We are still here, And we speak the same language! > then, and now! > Arabs don't know yet, > but they will learn that there is a God. > as long as we keep our identity, we are forever. So forgive us for not worrying, > not to cry, > not to be afraid. > things are fine here. > they could certainly get better, However: > Don't believe the media, > they don't tell you > parties continue to take place, > people continue to live, > people keep coming out, > people continue to see friends. Yes, our morale is low. > so what? Only because we mourn our deaths while others rejoice in the blood shed. > that is why we will win, in the end. Never sleep or sleep the guardian of Israel! Yahweh God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. Forward this speech to the whole community, > and to people around the world. > they are part of our strength 3 Likes |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by kozmokaz(m): 8:40pm On Oct 06, 2017 |
When the lord be with you ?... 1 Like |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by mazimee(m): 8:53pm On Oct 06, 2017 |
I love Isreal like it's actually my country. I will snitch on Nigeria for a handshake from Israel. 3 Likes |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by Tamass: 8:57pm On Oct 06, 2017 |
Haa..too long! please summary or video. |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by yanshDoctor: 9:31pm On Oct 06, 2017 |
Gods own people 1 Like |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by kellytuns(m): 9:37pm On Oct 06, 2017 |
Moshe dayan 2 Likes |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by bkool7(m): 9:43pm On Oct 06, 2017 |
njoku10: This right here is the real meaning of epic 2 Likes |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by Dedetwo(m): 9:54pm On Oct 06, 2017 |
njoku10: You got it all wrong in your first statement. You need good education on the subject matter. |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by tartar9(m): 10:37pm On Oct 06, 2017 |
njoku10:You can keep surviving,as long as you continue suffering. |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by Nbote(m): 8:46am On Oct 07, 2017 |
What happened was simple.. Israel taught d Arab coalition Neva to mess with dem ever again.. Till date Egypt in particular will always regret getting involved 1 Like |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by buJu234: 9:09am On Oct 07, 2017 |
I think one major lesson is that advanced technologies and good leadership skills in military (used by the Israelis) will always defeat mass propaganda, nepotism and illiterate people (used by the Arabs) in any 21st century warfare. 2 Likes |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by Neminc: 9:14am On Oct 07, 2017 |
kellytuns: The one eyed General. The Arab Generals quaked in fear at the sound of his name. The fear of Moshe Dayan was the beginning of wisdom during those wars |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by Nobody: 9:32am On Oct 07, 2017 |
That Sinai has no nexus with Egypt. Israel will always defeat any Muslim country or all the Muslims country put together. 1 Like |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by Mightymanna(m): 12:15pm On Oct 07, 2017 |
beamtopola:we talking about Arab-isreali war and you are mentioning Muslims.whats is your problem.i don't know why some people often use the term Arab and Muslim interchangeably |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by Nobody: 10:54pm On Oct 08, 2017 |
I lived and worked in Egypt for a very long time with my multinational oil giant. The Egyptians have their own side of the story filled with lies. Truth was that after Israeli forces led by General Moshe Dayan and Ariel Sharon turned the battle against Arab forces, IDF obliterated Arab forces such that they were 40km into Cairo. Panic was everywhere as soldiers in d battlefield scampered or defected to save life. By the time they got to a city near Cairo called 6th October, truce was called by UN. Till date, Arabs fear Israeli. To safe face, after the 1979 peace acccord at camp David, some hardline brotherhood guys assasinated Anwar Sadat cos in d negotiations table Israel had upper hand. One of the agreement was to give Egypt back Sinai after Israel explored and found gas. But the price of gas sold to Israel should be ridiculously cheap. Mohamed Morsi the elected Muslim Brotherhood guy that too over from Mubarak and field Marshall Tantawi wanted to pull out from the agreement but was toppled by Mubarak boys in power Al Sissi. Arabs combined power can't attempt to fight Israeli forces adjudged to be the most advanced military in the Middle East. |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by cristianisraeli: 5:40pm On Oct 10, 2017 |
Dedetwo: yea true..he got it from aljazeera...remember that media organization supports terror |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by cristianisraeli: 5:42pm On Oct 10, 2017 |
kopite: nice!!! |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by cristianisraeli: 5:43pm On Oct 10, 2017 |
beamtopola: yes any muslim country..they have the strongest military in the middle east |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by cristianisraeli: 5:45pm On Oct 10, 2017 |
Nbote: yes..i remember how they obliterate the whole egyptian airforce..real epic!!! how they flew to iraq and destroyed sadams nuclear reactor long live israel!!! |
Re: The October Arab-israeli War Of 1973: What Happened? by cristianisraeli: 5:46pm On Oct 10, 2017 |
buJu234: exactly..arabs are busy causing terror and hating and killing themselves and they cant even produce a single armoured tank..while israel is the king of tech |
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