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| Coding A Website by Nobody: 12:57am On Jan 15, 2018 |
HTML Example <html> <body> <h1>My First Heading</h1> <p>My first paragraph.</p> </body> </html> What is HTML? HTML is a language for describing web pages. HTML stands for Hyper TextMarkup LanguageHTML is not a programming language, it is a markup languageA markup language is a set of markup tagsHTML uses markup tags to describe web pages HTML Tags HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags HTML tags are keywords surrounded by angle brackets like <html>HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b> and </b>The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tagStart and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags. HTML Documents - Web Pages HTML documents describe web pagesHTML documents contain HTML tags and plain textHTML documents are also called web pages The purpose of a web browsers (like Internet Explorer) is to read HTML documents and display them as web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page: <html> <body> <h1>My First Heading</h1> <p>My first paragraph</p> </body> </html> Example Explained The text between <html> and </html> describes the web pageThe text between <body> and </body> is the visible page contentThe text between <h1> and </h1> is displayed as a headingThe text between <p> and </p> is displayed as a paragraph HTML - Getting Started What Do You Need? You don't need any tools to learn HTML at W3Schools. You don't need any HTML editorYou don't need a web serverYou don't need a web site Editing HTML In this tutorial we use a plain text editor (like Notepad) to edit HTML. We believe this is the best way to learn HTML. However, professional web developers often prefer HTML editors like FrontPage or Dreamweaver, instead of writing plain text. Creating Your Own Test Web If you just want to learn HTML, skip the rest of this chapter. If you want to create a test web on your own computer, just copy the 3 files below to your desktop. (Right click on each link, and select "save target as" or "save link as"  After you have copied the files, you can double-click on the file called "mainpage.htm" and see your first web site in action. Use Your Test Web For Learning We suggest you experiment with everything you learn at W3Schools by editing your web files with a text editor (like Notepad). Note: If your first web site contains HTML markup tags you have not learned yet, don't panic. You will learn much more HTML in the next chapters. HTM or HTML Extension? When you save an HTML file, you can use either the .htm or the .html extension. We use .htm in our examples. It is a habit from the past, when the software only allowed three letters in file extensions. With new software it is perfectly safe to use .html. Basic HTML Examples Don't worry if the examples below use tags you have not learned yet. You will learn about it in the next chapters. HTML Headings HTML headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags. <h1>This is a heading</h1> <h2>This is a heading</h2> <h3>This is a heading</h3> HTML Paragraphs HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag. <p>This is a paragraph</p> <p>This is another paragraph</p> HTML Links HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. <a href="http://www.w3schools.com">This is a link</a> Note: The <a> tag contains an attribute (href) to provide the link address. HTML Images HTML images are defined with the <img> tag. <img src="constr4.gif" width="144" height="50" /> Note: The name of the image and the size are provided as attributes. HTML Headings Headings are important in HTML documents. HTML Headings Headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags. <h1> defines the largest heading. <h6> defines the smallest heading. <h1>This is a heading</h1> <h2>This is a heading</h2> <h3>This is a heading</h3> Note: Browsers automatically adds an empty line before and after headings. Headings Are Important Use the HTML heading tags for headings only. Don't use headings to make something BIG or bold. Search engines use your headings to index the structure and content of your web pages. Since users may skim your pages by its headings, it is important to use headings to show the document structure. H1 headings should be used as main headings, followed by H2 headings, and less important H3 headings, and so on. HTML Comments Comments can be inserted in the HTML code to make it more readable and understandable. Comments are ignored by the browser and not displayed. Comments are written like this: <!-- This is a comment --> Note: There is an exclamation point after the opening bracket, but not before the closing bracket. HTML Tip - How to View HTML Source Have you ever seen a Web page and wondered "Hey! How did they do that?" To find out, click the VIEW option in your browser's toolbar and select SOURCE or PAGE SOURCE. This will open a window that shows you the HTML code of the page. HTML Tag Reference When you lookup W3Schools' tag reference, you will see additional information about tags and their attributes. You will learn more about HTML tag attributes in the next chapters of this tutorial. Tag Description <html> Defines an HTML document <body> Defines the document's body <h1> to <h6> Defines header 1 to header 6 <! --> Defines a comment HTML Paragraphs HTML documents are divided into paragraphs. HTML Paragraphs Paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag. <p>This is a paragraph</p> <p>This is another paragraph</p> Note: Browsers automatically adds an empty line before and after paragraphs. Don't Forget the End Tag Most browsers will display HTML correctly even if you forget the end tag: <p>This is a paragraph <p>This is another paragraph The example above will work in most browsers, but don't rely on it. Forgetting the end tag can produce unexpected results or errors. Note: Future version of HTML will not allow you to skip end tags. HTML Line Breaks Use the <br /> tag if you want a line break (a new line) without starting a new paragraph: <p>This is<br />a para<br />graph with line breaks</p> The <br /> tag is an empty tag. It has no end tag like </br>. You can read more about empty HTML tags in the next chapters of this tutorial. <br> or <br /> In XHTML, XML, and future versions of HTML, tags with no end tags (closing tags) are not allowed. Even if <br> works in all browsers, writing <br /> instead is more future proof. HTML Rules (Lines) The <hr /> tag is used to create an horizontal rule (line). Example: <p>This is a paragraph</p> <hr /> <p>This is a paragraph</p> <hr /> <p>This is a paragraph</p> HTML Output - Useful Tips You cannot be sure how HTML will be displayed. Large or small screens, and resized windows will create different results. With HTML, you cannot change the output by adding extra spaces or extra lines in your HTML code. The browser will remove extra spaces and extra lines when the page is displayed. Any number of lines count as one space, and any number of spaces count as one space. HTML Tag Reference When you lookup W3Schools' tag reference, you will see additional information about tags and their attributes. You will learn more about HTML tag attributes in the next chapters of this tutorial. Tag Description <p> Defines a paragraph <br /> Inserts a single line break <hr> Defines a horizontal rule HTML Text Formatting HTML Text Formatting This text is bold This text is big This text is italic This is computer output This is subscript and superscript HTML Formatting Tags HTML uses tags like <b> and <i> for formatting output, like bold or italic text. These HTML tags are called formatting tags. Refer to the bottom of this page for a complete reference. Text Formatting Tags Tag Description <b> Defines bold text <big> Defines big text <em> Defines emphasized text <i> Defines italic text <small> Defines small text <strong> Defines strong text <sub> Defines subscripted text <sup> Defines superscripted text <ins> Defines inserted text <del> Defines deleted text <s> Deprecated. Use <del> instead <strike> Deprecated. Use <del> instead <u> Deprecated. Use styles instead "Computer Output" Tags Tag Description <code> Defines computer code text <kbd> Defines keyboard text <samp> Defines sample computer code <tt> Defines teletype text <var> Defines a variable <pre> Defines preformatted text <listing> Deprecated. Use <pre> instead <plaintext> Deprecated. Use <pre> instead <xmp> Deprecated. Use <pre> instead Citations, Quotations, and Definition Tags Tag Description <abbr> Defines an abbreviation <acronym> Defines an acronym <address> Defines an address element <bdo> Defines the text direction <blockquote> Defines a long quotation <q> Defines a short quotation <cite> Defines a citation <dfn> Defines a definition term HTML Elements HTML Elements An HTML element is everything...click here to read all |
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