Enough is enough! Don't let anyone push you around because you don't know your rights. We have listed 11 salient fundamental human rights every Nigerian should know.

The Right to Life
Every person has a right to life and no one shall be intentionally deprived of his life. However, the Constitution provides exceptions where the violation of this Right is acceptable:

(a) for the defence of any person from unlawful violence or for the defence of property:

(b) in order to effect a lawful arrest or to prevent the escape of a person lawfully detained; or

(c) for the purpose of suppressing a riot, insurrection or mutiny.

The activity of the terror group, Boko Haram, involving the rootless attacks and murder of civilians is a clear example of the fundamental right to life.

The Right to Dignity of Human Person
Every person is entitled to respect of his/her dignity. No person shall be subjected to torture or inhuman treatment, be held in slavery or servitude or be required to perform forced or compulsory labour.

Right to Personal Liberty
Every person shall be entitled to his personal liberty and no person shall be deprived of this right except in special circumstances and in accordance with a procedure permitted by law.

Right to personal liberty is one of the most important of all rights with a wider scope that covers other rights such as the right to movement, rights to assemble and associate. This is a right where everyone, whether you are a Nigerian or a foreigner, cannot be subjected to any arrest, imprisonment, and any other physical coercion in any manner that does not have legal justification.

Right to Personal liberty denotes not merely freedom from bodily restraints, but the right to contact, to have an occupation, to acquire knowledge, to marry, have a home, children, to worship, enjoy and have privileges recognized at law for the happiness of free men.

Before this right can be deprived, certain situations must be complied with as specified in the constitution and authorized by the law such as the power to arrest a person based on the order of a court or when it is reasonably necessary to prevent a person from committing a crime. A person can also be deprived of this right upon reasonable suspicion of committing an offence.

Right to Fair Hearing
The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria guarantees a person the right to fair hearing within a reasonable time by a court or other tribunal established by law in the determination of his/her civil rights and obligations including a question or determination by or against any government or authority. The Constitution also provides that the court or tribunal shall be constituted in a manner as to secure its independence and impartiality in determining the said civil rights and obligations.

The law goes on to provide that civil proceedings of the court or tribunal shall be held in public and where a person is charged with a criminal offence, he/she shall, unless the charge is withdrawn, also be entitled to fair hearing in public within a reasonable time by the court or tribunal and be presumed innocent until proven guilty.


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Is always there in our constitution