With the harmattan, a lot of people suffer from catarrh, cough and sore throat. This is due to the dust and other allergens. However, this may not be mere cough or catarrh, ones sinuses may be infected or inflamed. Let's try as much as possible to prevent inhalation of dust

Kindly read the information on sinusitis and know when to see the doctor for treatment.

What is sinusitis?

Sinusitis is an inflammation or swelling of the tissue lining the sinuses. Sinuses are hollow spaces within the bones between your eyes, behind your cheekbones, and in your forehead. They make mucus, which keeps the inside of your nose moist. That, in turn, helps protect against dust, allergens, and pollutants.

Healthy sinuses are filled with air. But when they become blocked and filled with fluid, germs can grow and cause an infection.

Conditions that can cause sinus blockage include:
The common cold
Allergic rhinitis, which is swelling of the lining of the nose caused by allergens
Small growths in the lining of the nose called nasal polyps
A deviated septum, which is a shift in the nasal cavity

Types of sinusitis

Acute sinusitis usually starts with cold-like symptoms such as a runny, stuffy nose and facial pain. It may start suddenly and last 2 to 4 weeks.

Subacute sinusitus usually lasts 4 to 12 weeks.

Chronic sinusitus symptoms last 12 weeks or longer.

Recurrent sinusitis happens several times a year.

Acute Sinusitis Symptoms
The main signs include:

Facial pain or pressure
"Stuffed-up" nose
Runny nose
Loss of smell
Cough or congestion
You may also have:

Fever
Bad breath
Fatigue
Dental pain
It may be acute sinusitis if you have two or more symptoms, or thick, green, or yellow nasal discharge

Chronic Sinusitis Symptoms
You may have these symptoms for 12 weeks or more:

A feeling of congestion or fullness in your face
A nasal obstruction or nasal blockage
Pus in the nasal cavity
Fever
Runny nose or discolored postnasal drainage
You may also have headaches, bad breath, and tooth pain. You may feel tired a lot.

Lots of things can cause symptoms like these. You'll need to see your doctor to find out if you have sinusitis.

Treatment
If you have a simple sinus infection, your doctor may recommend you use a decongestant and saline nasal washes. You shouldn’t use an over-the-counter decongestant for more than 3 days, though, because it can make you more congested.

If your doctor gives you antibiotics, you’ll probably take them for 10 to 14 days. The symptoms usually disappear with treatment.

Warm, moist air may help if you have chronic sinusitis. You can use a vaporizer, or you can inhale steam from a pan of warm water. Make sure the water isn't too hot.


Sinusitis is an inflammation or swelling of the tissue lining the sinuses. Sinuses are hollow spaces within the bones between your eyes, behind your cheekbones, and in your forehead. They make mucus, which keeps the inside of your nose moist. That, in turn, helps protect against dust, allergens, and pollutants.

Healthy sinuses are filled with air. But when they become blocked and filled with fluid, germs can grow and cause an infection.

Conditions that can cause sinus blockage include:


The common cold
Allergic rhinitis, which is swelling of the lining of the nose caused by allergens
Small growths in the lining of the nose called nasal polyps
A deviated septum, which is a shift in the nasal cavity
Types
You may hear your doctor use these terms:

Acute sinusitis usually starts with cold-like symptoms such as a runny, stuffy nose and facial pain. It may start suddenly and last 2 to 4 weeks.
Subacute sinusitus usually lasts 4 to 12 weeks.
Chronic sinusitus symptoms last 12 weeks or longer.
Recurrent sinusitis happens several times a year.

Who Gets It?
Lots of people. About 35 million Americans have sinusitis at least once each year. It’s more likely if you have:

Swelling inside the nose like from a common cold
Blocked drainage ducts
Structural differences that narrow those ducts
Nasal polyps
Immune system deficiencies or medications that suppress the immune system
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For children, things that can cause sinusitis include:

Allergies
Illnesses from other kids at day care or school
Pacifiers
Bottle drinking while lying on the back
Smoke in the environment
The main things that make sinusitis more likely for adults are infections and smoking.

Acute Sinusitis Symptoms
The main signs include:

Facial pain or pressure
"Stuffed-up" nose
Runny nose
Loss of smell
Cough or congestion
You may also have:

Fever
Bad breath
Fatigue
Dental pain
It may be acute sinusitis if you have two or more symptoms, or thick, green, or yellow nasal discharge.


Chronic Sinusitis Symptoms
You may have these symptoms for 12 weeks or more:

A feeling of congestion or fullness in your face
A nasal obstruction or nasal blockage
Pus in the nasal cavity
Fever
Runny nose or discolored postnasal drainage
You may also have headaches, bad breath, and tooth pain. You may feel tired a lot.

Lots of things can cause symptoms like these. You'll need to see your doctor to find out if you have sinusitis.


Treatment
If you have a simple sinus infection, your doctor may recommend you use a decongestant and saline nasal washes. You shouldn’t use an over-the-counter decongestant for more than 3 days, though, because it can make you more congested.

If your doctor gives you antibiotics, you’ll probably take them for 10 to 14 days. The symptoms usually disappear with treatment.

Warm, moist air may help if you have chronic sinusitis. You can use a vaporizer, or you can inhale steam from a pan of warm water. Make sure the water isn't too hot.


There are some other things you can do yourself to help with chronic sinusitis:

Warm compresses can ease pain in the nose and sinuses.
Drink plenty of fluids to keep mucus thin.
Saline nose drops are safe to use at home.
Over-the-counter decongestant drops or sprays can help. Don’t take them longer than recommended.
In some cases, your doctor may prescribe steroids along with antibiotics.

Other Options
You also need to avoid any triggers linked to your sinusitis.

If you have allergies,your doctor may recommend an antihistamine.

Can I Prevent Sinusitis?
There is no sure-fire way to prevent sinusitis. But there are some things that might help.

Don’t smoke, and avoid other people's smoke.
Wash your hands often, especially during cold and flu season, and try not to touch your face.
Stay away from things you know you’re allergic to. Talk to your doctor to see if you need prescription medicines, allergy shots, or other forms of immunotherapy.
If your sinus problems keep coming back, ask your doctor about the pros and cons of surgery to clean and drain the sinuses.

What Happens if Sinusitis Isn’t Treated?
You’ll have pain and discomfort until it starts to clear up. In rare cases, untreated sinusitis can lead to meningitis, a brain abscess, or an infection of the bone. Talk to your doctor about your concerns.

SOURCES:

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.


Ford Albritton, MD, director, the Center for Sinus and Respiratory Disease at the Texas Institute, Dallas.

Jordan Josephson, MD, director, NY Nasal & Sinus Center; attending physician, Lenox Hill Hospital; author, Sinus Relief Now.

Kidshealth.org: “When Sinuses Attack.”

National Institutes of Health: “Sinusitis.”

WebMD Medical Reference: “When a Cold Becomes a Sinus Infection.”

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