macof

After Awole's rejection, Afonja, now master of Illorin, invited an itinerant Fulani scholar of Islam called Alim al-Salih into his ranks. By doing this, he hoped to secure the support of Yoruba Muslims (mainly slaves taking care of the Empire's horses) and volunteers from the Hausa-Fulani north in keeping Ilorin independent. Torn by internal struggle, Oyo could not defend itself against the Fulani. Oyo-Ile was razed by the Fulani Empire in 1835 and the Oyo Empire collapsed in 1836. To this day, the Illorin traditional ruler is an emir, whereas in the rest of Yoruba towns the kings are called oba or baale (Baale or Baba Onile meaning "father of the land" or "lord of the land".

most of oyos miliary was in illorin!!!

That's exactly the same time as queen amines rule and conquest

MorrowCaligari:

Oyo had grown into a formidable inland power by the end of the 14th century. For over a century, the Yoruba state had expanded at the expense of its neighbors. During the reign of Onigbogi, Oyo suffered military defeats at the hands of the Nupe led by Tsoede. Sometime around 1535, the Nupe occupied Oyo and forced its ruling dynasty to take refuge in the kingdom of Borgu. The Nupe sacked the capital, destroying Oyo as a regional power until the early 17th century
LOOOOOOOL! hahahahaahahha!

macof:


We all know why that happened. Marriage to ur king means nothing

why did it happen how can a king marry off his daughter to his subject?

Tarikh Al Sudan and Leo Africans

macof:

You asked me to provide name of the book Ahmed Baba wrote about yoruba. .so now I ask, since I don't have an answer to ur question, what are the names of these books written by arabs in the 9th century about hausaland?
Germans were named by the Romans? The British too. . Hebrews named so by foreigners, the entire Europe is named so by Phoenicians
So what's all this nonsense?
Mehn! U folks lack common sense, I thought you said we never had dealings with Malians and Songhai. .now we had dealings but they enslaved us.
Pls maintain one argument and making a fool of urself

book about description of Africa...

If wahala is not Hausa tell me the meaning of wahala in Arabic or any other language... wahala has no meaning in Arabic you copied it from Hausa... i would be waiting for the meaning of wahala in arabic

macof:

What did we get from you? Words? are you clowns now?
Because we say "wahala" "alubosa" these are arab words you iidiot. .. how can you claim arab words? Damn!

And don't forget to tell me who christened You the name Yoruba you are so proud of.. be courageous enough

I see hausa have nothing on yorubas.



1535? Why not quote where it says Orompoto conquered nupe



They re-established Oyo as more centralized and expansive than ever. The people created a government that established its power over a vast empire.[6] During the 17th century, Oyo began a long stretch of growth, becoming a major empire. Oyo never encompassed all Yoruba-speaking people.


Taking a cue from their Nupe enemies (whom they called "Tapa", the Yoruba rearmed with armor and cavalry.[6] Oba Ofinran, Alaafin of Oyo, succeeded in regaining Oyo's original territory from the Nupe.[5] A new capital, Oyo-Igboho, was constructed, and the original became known as Old Oyo.[5] The next oba, Eguguojo, conquered nearly all of Yorubaland.[5] After this, Oba Orompoto led attacks to obliterate the Nupe to ensure Oyo was never threatened by them again.


Again, I ask for proof that Nupes enslaved Yorubas... a military defeat and city occupation doesn't say "enslaved"
The Oyos of the city had moved to Borgu.


Same rogue fulani and Ilorin alliance that met defeat at the hands of Ibadan?

The Fulani Caliphate attempted to expand further (than Ilorin )into the southern region of modern-day Nigeria, but was decisively defeated by the armies of Ibadan in 1840.

MorrowCaligari:


why did it happen how can a king marry off his daughter to his subject?

To spy, to solidify the authority over ur land

MorrowCaligari:


Hahahaha! Charlatan! Bayajidda was a man dumbo! Not a woman!

Plus, all seven hausa states still exist, don't know what you're talking about.

And what do you mean hausa culture has been wiped out? Smh! The Hausa administrative system remains, Hausa culture is still 100 percent intact, don't know who told you it isn't! No one stays true to his culture like a hausa man! Heck! Even the traditional religion still remains intact to an extent. We try to stay true to our unique tubali architecture, we stay true to our marriage customs and rites, so what exactly do you mean when you say hausa culture has been wiped? As a matter of fact, go to all these places you mentioned, they're all slowly abandoning their culture for hausa culture! So exactly Which aspect of it is wiped out? You are an utter buffoon!

Go and read a book!

Queen bayajjida?



You have all been practicing homo up there for centuries. So your Queen Amina is a man called Bayajjida after all? Good to know.

So you got a cue of cavalry from nupee who in turn got it from Hausa... the truth is coming out clearly.... and don't forget to answer the question on origin of the name Yoruba or yaribaa..... i maintain nupee got prisoners of war after they sacked You severally... after queen aminaa made nope king to pay tribute to her with the booty of Yoruba slaves after sacking oyo

macof:
I see hausa have nothing on yorubas.
1535? Why not quote where it says Orompoto conquered nupe

They re-established Oyo as more centralized and expansive than ever. The people created a government that established its power over a vast empire.[6] During the 17th century, Oyo began a long stretch of growth, becoming a major empire. Oyo never encompassed all Yoruba-speaking people.
Taking a cue from their Nupe enemies (whom they called "Tapa", the Yoruba rearmed with armor and cavalry.[6] Oba Ofinran, Alaafin of Oyo, succeeded in regaining Oyo's original territory from the Nupe.[5] A new capital, Oyo-Igboho, was constructed, and the original became known as Old Oyo.[5] The next oba, Eguguojo, conquered nearly all of Yorubaland.[5] After this, Oba Orompoto led attacks to obliterate the Nupe to ensure Oyo was never threatened by them again.
Again, I ask for proof that Nupes enslaved Yorubas... a military defeat and city occupation doesn't say "enslaved"
The Oyos of the city had moved to Borgu.
Same rogue fulani and Ilorin alliance that met defeat at the hands of Ibadan?

The Fulani Caliphate attempted to expand further (than Ilorin )into the southern region of modern-day Nigeria, but was decisively defeated by the armies of Ibadan in 1840.

Answer the question on origin of your beloved name yaribaa or Yoruba whatsoever

macof:


To spy, to solidify the authority over ur land

and what happened afterwards? did it stop kebbi from destroying them?

macof:
I see hausa have nothing on yorubas.



1535? Why not quote where it says Orompoto conquered nupe



They re-established Oyo as more centralized and expansive than ever. The people created a government that established its power over a vast empire.[6] During the 17th century, Oyo began a long stretch of growth, becoming a major empire. Oyo never encompassed all Yoruba-speaking people.


Taking a cue from their Nupe enemies (whom they called "Tapa", the Yoruba rearmed with armor and cavalry.[6] Oba Ofinran, Alaafin of Oyo, succeeded in regaining Oyo's original territory from the Nupe.[5] A new capital, Oyo-Igboho, was constructed, and the original became known as Old Oyo.[5] The next oba, Eguguojo, conquered nearly all of Yorubaland.[5] After this, Oba Orompoto led attacks to obliterate the Nupe to ensure Oyo was never threatened by them again.


Again, I ask for proof that Nupes enslaved Yorubas... a military defeat and city occupation doesn't say "enslaved"
The Oyos of the city had moved to Borgu.


Same rogue fulani and Ilorin alliance that met defeat at the hands of Ibadan?

The Fulani Caliphate attempted to expand further (than Ilorin )into the southern region of modern-day Nigeria, but was decisively defeated by the armies of Ibadan in 1840.

after they razed oyo and illorin!


and the nupes enslaved you! you are slaves of nupes

OPCNAIRALAND:


Queen bayajjida?



You have all been practicing homo up there for centuries. So your Queen Amina is a man called Bayajjida after all? Good to know.

who tf mentioned queen amina here? are you re.tarded?

bayajidda is the legendary founder of hausa states who married magajiya daurama after he slew the serpent. Queen amina was a warrior queen who lived few centuries after that.

MorrowCaligari:



Nothing can be more horrific than this. As if they're faces aren't a horror show on their own, they had to add insult to injury!

Stop condemning yoruba for what you do so well

macof:


Stop condemning yoruba for what you do so well

this isnt hausa markings dumbo!!! theres no hausa state that has that type of markngs.not even the gobirawas

No long grammar.....here is BBC on how Hausa was enslaved by other Africans.


http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter4.shtml



The Atlantic Slave Trade

Before the sixteenth century, slavery was not regarded by anyone (outside or inside Africa) as a particularly African institution. The association between Africa and slavery emerged in the fifteenth century. It was then that ship design made it possible for sailors from the Mediterranean to make long journeys down the coast of Africa and ultimately across the Atlantic to the Americas.

By the time the slaves reached the coast, they had already undertaken a long journey from inland. They were often bought and sold several times along the way. Many of these transactions were conducted in the market place.

CASE STUDY: THE SALAGA SLAVE MARKET
Salaga, in northern Ghana, was the site of a major slave market. Today, there are still descendants of people who were slaves. The history is vivid in peoples's minds.

OUAMKAM BAYOU
"Ouamkam means bathing. Bayou means slave. So literally it means 'Bathing slaves.' This is the place where all the slaves were bathed. They would bathe them here, rub them with shea butter and make them shine, and they gave them food to eat, to make them look big; then they'd take them to the slave market for sale."

Listen to Shaibu Inusah on bathing and preparing slaves for sale

THE PARAMOUNT CHIEF OF SALAGA
"Salaga is in the southern part of the northern region. Salaga was an old slave market. Caravans used to come all the way from northern Nigeria and other places, Burkina Faso, Mali and so on. Salaga became important for its market in human beings.

The slaves were brought in here. There were places to store them and most of the time they were actually tied around trees…in the market. There were just one or two rooms that can even be seen up to this date. But most of the time they were tied around, big, big trees, guava trees, close to the market…

Slavery became a commercial venture. Even local chiefs benefited. When the slaves were brought, the chiefs took a certain number for themselves and sold them to the buyers. People benefited. If you were not a victim, of course, then you benefitted. Sometimes, even the people themselves became victims. Because it was so inhuman that there was no sympathy between them. If you quarrelled with your friend and you managed to capture him you could take him to the market - to sell him.

With hindsight, we feel remorse that these things happened and our great great grandfathers took part in the trade. But at that time it was a normal thing. It's just like what is happening today. It was a market; people were buying. There was no transaction in cash. It was just gunpowder or guns in exchange for human beings. Sometimes you look at it from a human and religious point of view, sometimes you feel it was a very bad thing…but it happened. "

Listen to Paramount Chief Of Salaga

"Slaves were the most important commodity as opposed to other commodities like salt and other mercantile goods that were brought from the south. But definitely slavery dominated the activities here.

Everybody here in Salaga is a descendant of a slave. Everybody in Salaga, except those of us who have moved in now. But you see people don't feel easy speaking about it. But everybody knows that he is a descendant of slaves. The Gouruma, [size=20pt] the Hausa, [/size] the Zaboroma, the Hausa, the Dagomba. All the tribes in Salaga, there are thirteen tribes in Salaga, know."

Yoruba like to lie about their association with mali and songhay when there is no proof to support that.. they try to cover others influence on them by attributing it to mali... you guys had no relationship with mali on songhay they don't know you

In Bahia the Hausas were primarily identified with practicing Islam because they adopted Islam before coming over to Brazil

rebellion in Brazil was organized by Muslim Yoruba and Hausa slaves and
directed against the whites and against nonbelievers.


https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%AA_Revolt


Nd the fools said no hausas were enslaved. Slaves in Bahia are known to have come through the bight of Benin slavery sellers - yorubas, Dahomeans

Idiots those were Hausa speaking slaves sold in Ghana... you can't differentiate between a Hausa speaking and an ethic Hausa idiot...

kaura5000:
Yoruba like to lie about their association with mali and songhay when there is no proof to support that.. they try to cover others influence on them by attributing it to mali... you guys had no relationship with mali on songhay they don't know you

OPCNAIRALAND:
No long grammar.....here is BBC on how Hausa was enslaved by other Africans.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter4.shtml
The Atlantic Slave Trade
Before the sixteenth century, slavery was not regarded by anyone (outside or inside Africa) as a particularly African institution. The association between Africa and slavery emerged in the fifteenth century. It was then that ship design made it possible for sailors from the Mediterranean to make long journeys down the coast of Africa and ultimately across the Atlantic to the Americas.
By the time the slaves reached the coast, they had already undertaken a long journey from inland. They were often bought and sold several times along the way. Many of these transactions were conducted in the market place.
CASE STUDY: THE SALAGA SLAVE MARKET
Salaga, in northern Ghana, was the site of a major slave market. Today, there are still descendants of people who were slaves. The history is vivid in peoples's minds.
OUAMKAM BAYOU
"Ouamkam means bathing. Bayou means slave. So literally it means 'Bathing slaves.' This is the place where all the slaves were bathed. They would bathe them here, rub them with shea butter and make them shine, and they gave them food to eat, to make them look big; then they'd take them to the slave market for sale."
Listen to Shaibu Inusah on bathing and preparing slaves for sale
THE PARAMOUNT CHIEF OF SALAGA
"Salaga is in the southern part of the northern region. Salaga was an old slave market. Caravans used to come all the way from northern Nigeria and other places, Burkina Faso, Mali and so on. Salaga became important for its market in human beings.
The slaves were brought in here. There were places to store them and most of the time they were actually tied around trees…in the market. There were just one or two rooms that can even be seen up to this date. But most of the time they were tied around, big, big trees, guava trees, close to the market…
Slavery became a commercial venture. Even local chiefs benefited. When the slaves were brought, the chiefs took a certain number for themselves and sold them to the buyers. People benefited. If you were not a victim, of course, then you benefitted. Sometimes, even the people themselves became victims. Because it was so inhuman that there was no sympathy between them. If you quarrelled with your friend and you managed to capture him you could take him to the market - to sell him.
With hindsight, we feel remorse that these things happened and our great great grandfathers took part in the trade. But at that time it was a normal thing. It's just like what is happening today. It was a market; people were buying. There was no transaction in cash. It was just gunpowder or guns in exchange for human beings. Sometimes you look at it from a human and religious point of view, sometimes you feel it was a very bad thing…but it happened. "
Listen to Paramount Chief Of Salaga
"Slaves were the most important commodity as opposed to other commodities like salt and other mercantile goods that were brought from the south. But definitely slavery dominated the activities here.
Everybody here in Salaga is a descendant of a slave. Everybody in Salaga, except those of us who have moved in now. But you see people don't feel easy speaking about it. But everybody knows that he is a descendant of slaves. The Gouruma, [size=20pt] the Hausa, [/size] the Zaboroma, the Hausa, the Dagomba. All the tribes in Salaga, there are thirteen tribes in Salaga, know."

MorrowCaligari:


this isnt hausa markings dumbo!!! theres no hausa state that has that type of markngs.not even the gobirawas

That photo u posted isn't yoruba markings :p

macof:
In Bahia the Hausas were primarily identified with practicing Islam because they adopted Islam before coming over to Brazil

rebellion in Brazil was organized by Muslim Yoruba and Hausa slaves and
directed against the whites and against nonbelievers.


https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%AA_Revolt


Nd the fools said no hausas were enslaved. Slaves in Bahia are known to have come through the bight of Benin slavery sellers - yorubas, Dahomeans

looool! liar liar pants on fire, nothing suggests that there were hausa slaves involved in that. see the fact that youve resorted to lying means you have nothing on us

A slave’s identity was not only stripped when sold into the slave trade, but they were assigned a new identity that was to be immediately adopted in stride. This new identity often came in the form of a new name, created by a Christian or Portuguese first name randomly issued by the baptizing priest, and followed by the label of an African nation. In Brazil, these "labels" were predominantly Angola, Congo, Yoruba, Ashanti, Rebolo, Anjico, Gabon, and Mozambique.[38] Often these names were not assigned with regards to ethnicity or origin, but only served as a way for Europeans to divide Africans in a familiar manner. Anthropologist Jack Goody stated, "Such new names served to cut the individuals off from their kinfolk, their society, from humanity itself and at the same time emphasized their servile status".

why is there no hausa community in brazil like there is yoruba? liar liar liar

hausas have never been enslaved by another race.

OPCNAIRALAND:
No long grammar.....here is BBC on how Hausa was enslaved by other Africans.


http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter4.shtml



The Atlantic Slave Trade

Before the sixteenth century, slavery was not regarded by anyone (outside or inside Africa) as a particularly African institution. The association between Africa and slavery emerged in the fifteenth century. It was then that ship design made it possible for sailors from the Mediterranean to make long journeys down the coast of Africa and ultimately across the Atlantic to the Americas.

By the time the slaves reached the coast, they had already undertaken a long journey from inland. They were often bought and sold several times along the way. Many of these transactions were conducted in the market place.

CASE STUDY: THE SALAGA SLAVE MARKET
Salaga, in northern Ghana, was the site of a major slave market. Today, there are still descendants of people who were slaves. The history is vivid in peoples's minds.

OUAMKAM BAYOU
"Ouamkam means bathing. Bayou means slave. So literally it means 'Bathing slaves.' This is the place where all the slaves were bathed. They would bathe them here, rub them with shea butter and make them shine, and they gave them food to eat, to make them look big; then they'd take them to the slave market for sale."

Listen to Shaibu Inusah on bathing and preparing slaves for sale

THE PARAMOUNT CHIEF OF SALAGA
"Salaga is in the southern part of the northern region. Salaga was an old slave market. Caravans used to come all the way from northern Nigeria and other places, Burkina Faso, Mali and so on. Salaga became important for its market in human beings.

The slaves were brought in here. There were places to store them and most of the time they were actually tied around trees…in the market. There were just one or two rooms that can even be seen up to this date. But most of the time they were tied around, big, big trees, guava trees, close to the market…

Slavery became a commercial venture. Even local chiefs benefited. When the slaves were brought, the chiefs took a certain number for themselves and sold them to the buyers. People benefited. If you were not a victim, of course, then you benefitted. Sometimes, even the people themselves became victims. Because it was so inhuman that there was no sympathy between them. If you quarrelled with your friend and you managed to capture him you could take him to the market - to sell him.

With hindsight, we feel remorse that these things happened and our great great grandfathers took part in the trade. But at that time it was a normal thing. It's just like what is happening today. It was a market; people were buying. There was no transaction in cash. It was just gunpowder or guns in exchange for human beings. Sometimes you look at it from a human and religious point of view, sometimes you feel it was a very bad thing…but it happened. "

Listen to Paramount Chief Of Salaga

"Slaves were the most important commodity as opposed to other commodities like salt and other mercantile goods that were brought from the south. But definitely slavery dominated the activities here.

Everybody here in Salaga is a descendant of a slave. Everybody in Salaga, except those of us who have moved in now. But you see people don't feel easy speaking about it. But everybody knows that he is a descendant of slaves. The Gouruma, [size=20pt] the Hausa, [/size] the Zaboroma, the Hausa, the Dagomba. All the tribes in Salaga, there are thirteen tribes in Salaga, know."

it is common knowledge that hausas only recently migrated to ghana!!!! another liar spotted!!!!!!


and most hausa speakers in ghana are speakers and not actually hausa!

Idiot never give me Wikipedia as a source... who knows even you can edit it.... but first before i talk to you go and learn the difference between Hausa speakers sold as slaves and real Hausa people

OPCNAIRALAND:
No long grammar.....here is BBC on how Hausa was enslaved by other Africans.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter4.shtml
The Atlantic Slave Trade
Before the sixteenth century, slavery was not regarded by anyone (outside or inside Africa) as a particularly African institution. The association between Africa and slavery emerged in the fifteenth century. It was then that ship design made it possible for sailors from the Mediterranean to make long journeys down the coast of Africa and ultimately across the Atlantic to the Americas.
By the time the slaves reached the coast, they had already undertaken a long journey from inland. They were often bought and sold several times along the way. Many of these transactions were conducted in the market place.
CASE STUDY: THE SALAGA SLAVE MARKET
Salaga, in northern Ghana, was the site of a major slave market. Today, there are still descendants of people who were slaves. The history is vivid in peoples's minds.
OUAMKAM BAYOU
"Ouamkam means bathing. Bayou means slave. So literally it means 'Bathing slaves.' This is the place where all the slaves were bathed. They would bathe them here, rub them with shea butter and make them shine, and they gave them food to eat, to make them look big; then they'd take them to the slave market for sale."
Listen to Shaibu Inusah on bathing and preparing slaves for sale
THE PARAMOUNT CHIEF OF SALAGA
"Salaga is in the southern part of the northern region. Salaga was an old slave market. Caravans used to come all the way from northern Nigeria and other places, Burkina Faso, Mali and so on. Salaga became important for its market in human beings.
The slaves were brought in here. There were places to store them and most of the time they were actually tied around trees…in the market. There were just one or two rooms that can even be seen up to this date. But most of the time they were tied around, big, big trees, guava trees, close to the market…
Slavery became a commercial venture. Even local chiefs benefited. When the slaves were brought, the chiefs took a certain number for themselves and sold them to the buyers. People benefited. If you were not a victim, of course, then you benefitted. Sometimes, even the people themselves became victims. Because it was so inhuman that there was no sympathy between them. If you quarrelled with your friend and you managed to capture him you could take him to the market - to sell him.
With hindsight, we feel remorse that these things happened and our great great grandfathers took part in the trade. But at that time it was a normal thing. It's just like what is happening today. It was a market; people were buying. There was no transaction in cash. It was just gunpowder or guns in exchange for human beings. Sometimes you look at it from a human and religious point of view, sometimes you feel it was a very bad thing…but it happened. "
Listen to Paramount Chief Of Salaga
"Slaves were the most important commodity as opposed to other commodities like salt and other mercantile goods that were brought from the south. But definitely slavery dominated the activities here.
Everybody here in Salaga is a descendant of a slave. Everybody in Salaga, except those of us who have moved in now. But you see people don't feel easy speaking about it. But everybody knows that he is a descendant of slaves. The Gouruma, [size=20pt] the Hausa, [/size] the Zaboroma, the Hausa, the Dagomba. All the tribes in Salaga, there are thirteen tribes in Salaga, know."

macof:
In Bahia the Hausas were primarily identified with practicing Islam because they adopted Islam before coming over to Brazil
rebellion in Brazil was organized by Muslim Yoruba and Hausa slaves and
directed against the whites and against nonbelievers.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%AA_Revolt
Nd the fools said no hausas were enslaved. Slaves in Bahia are known to have come through the bight of Benin slavery sellers - yorubas, Dahomeans

macof:




That photo u posted isn't yoruba markings :p

but it is!!!!! stop lying!!!!

Just because someone is a Muslim sold as slave he must be Hausa idiot

Don't bring any Ghana saliva nonsense because Hausa people live in zango not salga .... Hausa people went to Ghana as traders and merchants not slaves

kaura5000:
Idiots those were Hausa speaking slaves sold in Ghana... you can't differentiate between a Hausa speaking and an ethic Hausa idiot...

Lmao... descendant of slave is denying his root.

Hausa speaking. So your neighbors in Africa dont know you? So these were Yorubas mistaken for Hausa. Hahahahaha.....

Oloshi!

OPCNAIRALAND:


Lmao... descendant of slave is denying his root.

Hausa speaking. So your neighbors in Africa dont know you? So these were Yorubas mistaken for Hausa. Hahahahaha.....

Oloshi!

idiottt, you didnt read the part of your own post that spoke of migrants? besides, ghanaian ethnicities speak hausa. could be any one of those

Idiot the Ghana salaga people are not Hausa but Hausa speakers who came to be identified as Hausa... Hausa in Ghana are merchants who brought slaves for trade.. even the ouakam they wrote in article is pronounced wanka... baiyu is slave in Hausa... you see your ignorance research before comment.. Hausa people live in zongo those in saliva are Hausa speakers

macof:
In Bahia the Hausas were primarily identified with practicing Islam because they adopted Islam before coming over to Brazil

rebellion in Brazil was organized by [size=20pt] Muslim Yoruba and Hausa slaves [/size] and
directed against the whites and against nonbelievers.


https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%AA_Revolt


Nd the fools said no hausas were enslaved. Slaves in Bahia are known to have come through the bight of Benin slavery sellers - yorubas, Dahomeans

I love how they qualify that...Muslim YORUBA and Hausa slaves.

Interpretation - Yoruba is dominant, Hausa is subordinate.

Is nothing left to say!

In Ghana any one can be Hausa as far as he is Muslim and speak hausa