Which part of Africa had not invented the wheel by 19th century? Friedman should stick to economics and stop all this anthropological commentary. Someone living in thick rainforest does not need the wheel

Writing during the christian period, mind you this was created by sub saharan africans.

Monuments is sub saharan africa mainly northern and central sudan. Many over 3000 years, again way before arab influence.




Nuri pyramids Sudan

El kurru tomb Sudan

Jebal barkal Temple Sudan

ruins of the temple soleb
again sub saharan africa

Lastly Temple of Na ga, again sub saharan Africa.
and there is many more ruins pyramids and temple throughout this particular area.
The point is race nor skin color does have anything to do with intelligence, arguing about such matter is pointless
And most of these monuments were created way before Roman became establish as a state.
Again all in sub saharan Africa

Sorry: This form of script is called Old Nubian, it was created during the nubian christian period, before the islamization of Northern Sudan.

Friedman was referring to ships, trains, weapons, and even elementary medicine, which Africans didn't have by the time the white man showed up.
We created all this fantastic civilization (pyramids, yeah!), but we were enslaved with mirrors? OOps.

you guys are entertaining

the "white" Berbers did have a writing system
[img]http://ennedi.free.fr/images/afara/tinhamani-tifin-9aa.jpg[/img]

Stop sign in Arabic and Berber

Physics confirmed best poster on NL.