₦airaland Forum

drtwist:
Nice Job bro! You strum the right string in the chord Based on the debate, but even if federal character is adopted and it's not done based on merit, the country will still remain stagnant. Have you ever wonder why it's difficult 4 us produce a Field Marshal in the military, because people with passion and dream are not being recruited into the field. Only those with connection! I have lost counts on the number of times I have been told that without the signature of either a major, Senator and Gov I should 4get about being enlisted as a Cadet. Which always end up to be so. It's painful but sometime I believe God knows the best.

that is the practice in Nigeria due to the fact that the federal character does not matter in appointments. If Federal Character is made to matter, such will not be the case again. Thanks boss mi.


But I believe, you will be enlisted. Many people are reading this debate and they might be able to help you.

I feel your pain.

Caracta:
Yes Nigeria and other countries of the world.

Fynestboi, no further questions from me.

Thanks for the clarification. The principle is a form of affirmative action. Affirmative action is enforceable in other countries like UK (as positive discrimination), India (as reservation), USA (as Affirmative Action), South Africa (as affirmative action ), Canada (as employment equity) among others. All these principles are made enforceable but Nigeria's Federal Character is not made enforceable. The removal of its non-justiciability is what we want for it to matter like other forms of affirmative action.

Caracta:
Hmmm. That means the government can decide to preach it but not practise it? Does that mean the principle does not hold water in reality?

I guess no clarification is coming.

Based on the constitution of Nigeria, the government can choose to forgo it. That is why ethnicism has taken over our public office appointments. You know Nigeria is ethnically conscious. The principle does not matter in public office that's why we want it to matter. If its non-justiciability is removed, the principle will matter in the appointments into public offices.

Obinoscopy:
Sorry guys that my questions are coming late. Please @emaculate99 I observed ypu keep on repeating the word "justiciable". Please can you expatiate what it means for something to be "justciable"

Caracta:
Now you took that straight from my mind...
Add that to my question emaculate99.
And please graciousolo, tell me the source of the Hausa-Fulani 60%-70%-80% statistics in your first submission.

If an issue is justiciable, that means a court of competent jurisdiction can hear the case and decide on it. If such issue is non-justiciable, no court have the rights to hear such case talk less of deciding on it. Federal Character is non-justiciable, that means you cannot sue the Federal Government to a Federal Court for the non implementation of this policy.

Caracta:
Emaculate99 and OAUTemidayo, is there absolute equity in Federal Character considering the numbers of ethnic groups in Nigeria and the sensitivity of public offices/appointments? What factors can Federal Character put in place to ensure no group feels cheated or silenced?

Basically, there is no absolute Federal Character but there is a formula for sharing. Each state in Nigeria are to occupy 2.5- 3% of the public offices. Mere looking at it, the gap is not too large to make it noticeable. Groups will feel cheated or silenced if the gap between the appointments allocated to them is significantly larger than theirs.

graciousolo:
Yes, our inability to effectively practice it is the main reason we should stop pretending about it. Did you see my report on the amount of public offices dominated by Hausas and Yorubas?

Merit cannot be over-emphasized when it comes to progress and that where every Nigerian wants to be.

Can you plant a maize in the desert? It can't be possible. It was ineffective because it was not made justiciable. Look at India, south Africa, UK, USA among others, they made their own affirmative action justiciable. They gave it the force of law.

Neyoor:
Change is constant and possible in all facet of lives, infact it is the most common thing that every tribe is endowed with.

That is why I said federal character is archaic and old fashioned. We are now in a civilized world. Merit should be the yard stick and not federal character for appointment to public offices

True, change is constant and possible. If such is the case then the experiment of using a federal character that is restricted is over. Let us use a full fledged Federal Character which will aid development through peace as no state can develop without peace and will prevent people from having the feelings of marginalisation.

If this is the case, then affirmative action used in UK, USA, India, South Africa among others should have been removed. You remember that they are all heterogeneous countries. Affirmative action which federal character belongs cannot be removed for meritocracy.
For records, affirmative action is given the force of law in the countries mentioned above.

Neyoor:
That is far from equal distribution my brother.


We have three main tribes, our states and representatives at the NASS should be balanced if we are not practising a system of government that favours one tribe than the other. Should I tell you the no of representatives every tribes is having at the NASS? Perhaps, you would be aware of the inequality and gross marginalisation

We can choose to use any means we wish for representation. Those people based it what is stated by the constitution of their country and we based ours on what is stated in our own constitution. Each ethnic group is in each state. membership is opened to any member of the state. Any ethnic group can represent the state by fighting for the three seats allocated to their state. This WI prevent marginalisation as all the states except FCT that is not a state are given equal seats.

graciousolo:
The fact that something is done over time doesn't make it right. We all know that our constitution's review is long over-due. I don't believe you are trying to downplay meritocracy. Would you employ people to your firm (if you had one) based on nothing less than merit? I guess not. If you wouldn't do that, then Nigeria deserves better.

The fact that something enters the constitution makes it right. Yes! the constitution needs review and one of the things that needs review is the removal of the non-justiciability clause in section 6(6c) of the constitution.

The fact that it is a provision in the constitution makes it supreme. Going by section 1(3) of the 1999 constitution. "When any of the provision of this constitution is in conflict with any law (principle or opinion) this provision shall prevail and such law will by the extent of its inconsistency be null and void." The principle of Federal Character is supreme compared to meritocracy.

Neyoor:
Is marginalisation hapenning in Nigeria or not? YES.


I will tell you this.
We have three main tribes in Nigeria just as they have in Bosnia

"
According to 2012 United States factsheet, Nigeria
has 250 ethnic groups. The most populous and
politically influential include: Hausa and Fulani 29%,
Yoruba 21%, Igbo (Ibo) 18%, Ijaw 10%, Kanuri 4%,
Ibibio 3.5%, Tiv 2.5%"


Bosnia and Herzegovina is home to three ethnic
"constituent peoples": Bosniaks, Serbs and Croats.
Ethnically, according to data from 2000 cited by the
Central Intelligence Agency, Bosniaks constitute 48% of the population, Serbs 37.1%, Croats 14.3%, and others form 0.6%.


In Bosnia

House of People (Senate) With 15 Seats
Bosniaks: 5 Seats
Croats: 5 Seats
Serbs: 5 Seats


House of Representative With 42 Seats
Bosniaks: 14
Croats: 14
Serbs: 14


But in Nigeria, the Northerners have more representation in the National Assembly than every other tribes.


Is there now marginalisation in Nigeria or not?

In the Nigerian house of Senate, we have 3 senators from each sate and 1 from the FCT. There is equal distribution of office if I am to follow your logic.

graciousolo:
Should Federal Character Matter In Public Offices Appointment?

Even though it was created to answer the question of our nationhood and national integration, this is one of the reasons why Nigeria's status as a nation is still debated till date. I wonder why people who should see themselves as one and, should have similar goal of improving the country are bothered with the principle of federal character even though it has been proven to be detrimental to the nation's progress and development.



Before I proceed further, I am using this opportunity to thank the organisers of this wonderful debate; it's been a long ride. Greetings to the incorruptible judges, my friends and opponents, my dogged teammates, not forgetting the amiable Nairaland audience. I am graciousolo, representing the great citadel of learning, the University of Ilorin and, I am here to state unequivocally that, “Federal character should not be considered when appointing public office holders.”


For the sake of clarity I will give an insight into what the principle of federal character is. The federal character principle became officially recognised in the 1979 constitution. This policy was aimed at addressing the issues of ethnic representation in the public sector. The implication of this was that issues of admission, recruitment, promotion and appointment became based on this principle.

I will also explain what a public office is or who a public office holder is. A public office refers to offices or parastatals under the government where services are rendered to the public. A public office holder is someone who holds a position in a government parastatal and is saddled with serving the public.


According to wikitionary, a public office is a position or occupation established by law or by the act of a government body, for the purpose of exercising the authority of the government in the service of the public. Therefore a public office holder is a person who holds this position. Should people in such positions be appointed based on anything less than merit? I don't think so.


[b]To start with, since the colonial epoch through the independence, Nigeria has sort to fashion out a socio-political mechanism or structure that will foster positive social interaction, development, curb or at least reduce minority exploitation in a pluralistic society such as hers'. The idea of federal character principle is on of such mechanism. Unfortunately, this idea has been saddled with impunity and bias.

The idea of the principle of federal character must sound nice and pleasing to the ear based on its intent but, some factors has flawed this principle especially in Nigeria of today. For instance, the inappropriate application of the federal character principle aids mediocrity, inequality, corruption, lack of transparency and/or competition and above all tribal dominance by the major ethnic groups. Federal character ordinarily protects minorities, but under the constitution it is operated to protect the majority ethnic groups, lack of will of competitiveness and open-mindedness.[/b]


In 2009, the Chairman of the Federal Character Commission (FCC), Prof. Oba AbdulRaheem, was quoted as saying, “18 states are not currently benefitting from the ‘federal character principle’ of the 1999 Constitution”. The states were described as having low representation in appointments into Federal Ministries and Agencies. According to the Prof. AbdulRaheem, each of the 36 states is expected to have about 2.5 % and 3.0% representation in appointments made by Federal Ministries and Extra-Ministerial Departments. A source from the FCC was also quoted as saying “the implication of the current irregularity is that these states may not have civil servants from their states in the hierarchy of the Federal Civil Service in the next few years”.


Furthermore, this principle is supposed to foster equal public office appointments across the ethnic groups but, this is obviously not the case in Nigeria. For instance, as at 2014 about 70% of Nigeria Foot-soldiers were from Hausa-Fulani. About 80% of all Permanent Secretaries in Federal Ministries were from Hausa-Fulani. About 80% of those given Oil Wells presently in the Oil from Niger Delta Region were from Hausa-Fulani. About 60% of Generals in the Nigerian Military were from Hausa-Fulani. About 60% of the Heads of Parastatals were from Hausa-Fulani. About 60% of the Top Ranks in Nigerian Police Force were from Hausa-Fulani. About 70% of Nigerian State Security Services (SSS) officials were from Hausa-Fulani. About 60% Top Posts in each of: Nigerian Prison Services, Nigeria Immigration and Nigerian Ports Authority were from Hausa-Fulani. Not much has changed today. We ask ourselves questions like what has the application of federal character helped us achieve? Has it lead to further National integration? Has it proven to be an adequate tool for national development? I'll let you be the judge.


On the 25th of June 2015, the Vice President Professor Yemi Osinbajo, was reported to have called for the scrapping of the federal character principle and the Federal Character Commission established to implement it. This report was later refuted but, in refuting it, the vice president said he only urged that merit came first before any consideration of ethnic background. His reply has only helped to validate the premise that federal character might trample merit.

Conclusively, Federal character shouldn't matter in the appointment of public officers because this will lead to appointing individuals who don't have the right skill and experience and individuals who don't have the zeal for such offices. I strongly believe based on observable facts that applying federal character to appointing public office holders will definitely lead to mediocrity and merit will be forgone. This will lead to unfavourable socio-economic policies, socio-political policies and inappropriate implementation of good policies.

Once again, should federal character principle be applied when appointing public officers? No, this principle has been flawed. Merit, Passion should always be the pivotal element. Thank you.


Reference(s):
***http://m.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Profiles/Olanrewaju-Ilemobola/Quota-System-Federal-Character-Principle-and-Admission-to-Federal-Unity-Schools-Barriers-to-Learning-in-Nigeria

***public office - Wiktionary en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/public_office
http://www.focusnigeria.com/federal-character.html

***http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/daily/index.php/columns/friday-columns/58963-on-federal-character-i#Kc9TCR5DjcMKLArm.99

***http://chrisdonasco..co.ke/2014/02/federal-character-princinple-and-in.html?m=1

***http://nigeriavillagesquare.com/forum/main-square/75111-what-federal-character.html

1. Federal Character was made to correct the mistake of the British who joined us together without any recourse and thereby making each group to be scared of being dominated by a particular group.

2. You only mentioned the fact that it breeds bias without mentioning how. How can a beautiful Federal Character that is made to correct the British mistake and to give everyone a sense of belonging breed bias?

3. Federal Character can only work in a country that has the law that back it up. Nigeria only operates Federal Character on paper and in not in reality. If such is the case, we won't be here debating.

Neyoor:
Good! That makes the policy irrelevant. If the government didn't make use of this policy, there is nothing any one can do about it. Which implies that a president can just wake up one day and fill all the agencies with people from his region, sabotaging the other regions.


What are we then say here my friend?

Can't we just neglect this policy since no one can castigate the government for appointing from any region he so desire.

If that is the case, then meritocracy will be more irrelevant as it is not mentioned in our constitution at all in terms of appointment. For the fact that Federal Character could enter into our constitution means that its importance is recognised than meritocracy.

Neyoor:
I am not sure you wrote that without any influence of inebriation. Could you please tell me the correlation of that with Federal character? It's seem you are out of words or words are definitely out of you.

First of all, this is an intellectual debate, we need to be mindful of our language and respect one another.

If Federal Character is not used, regions will not have equal representation and they will be marginalised. Marginalisation brings fight for the emancipation of a particular region which leads to protest and vandalism when it reaches its peak. Have you gotten my point now?

graciousolo:
I am not sure you wrote that with thorough consideration. Could you please tell me the correlation of that with federal character?

Neyoor:
I am not sure you wrote that without any influence of inebriation. Could you please tell me the correlation of that with Federal character? It's seem you are out of words or words are definitely out of you.

First of all, this is an intellectual debate, we need to be mindful of our language and respect one another.

If Federal Character is not used, regions will not have equal representation and they will be marginalised. Marginalisation brings fight for the emancipation of a particular region which leads to protest and vandalism when it reaches its peak. Have you gotten my point now?

Neyoor:
The federal character policy was introduced to unite the country which is an heterogeneous one but the federal character failed to unite us and that is why we always see eachother as different even after amalgamation

You haven't gotten the point, have you? Federal Character has not been fully implemented in Nigeria because the government can choose to forgo it based on its non-justiciability nature. If the non-justiciability nature is removed, if the government fail to implement such, they will be sued. Equal representation will be used in Nigeria if it is made justiciable. Nigeria has not practiced Federal Character as it is supposed. Federal Character as practiced in Nigeria is on the paper because of its non-justiciability nature.


Can a car work without engine ? Federal Character is the car, Justiciability nature is the engine

mods! one of my replies was hidden. why?

Neyoor:
Can you kindly reminds me of when military offices were scrapped out of the federal character policy. by the virtue of the Nigerian Constitution. section 14, subsection 4. "The composition of the government of a state, local or any agencies (military sector inclusive) must be carry out in such away that it would reflects the diversity of the people within its area of authourity"

although, i'm not a law student like you but i don't mind tutoring you with what the nigerian constitution says.


if the federal character was effectively implemented, do you think a particular region will be dominant of a particular sector like the military agencies?

Open to section 6(6C) of the 1999 constitution, you will see that it is made non-justiciable. The government cannot be sued if he fails to use it.

graciousolo:
Sir, your analogy may bring about temporary peace but, this will not lead to a better Nigeria.We want a progressive country and not one riddled with mediocre public office holders.


We pray for your dad. But we should hope your dad is surrounded by passionate soldiers and soldiers who got there based on merit and, Nigeria is old enough and ripe enough for progress or should I say a merit based system.

Federal Character will guaranty permanent peace and not temporary peace as it will make every region be at peace with each other by preventing them from being marginalised.

Meritocracy that you are advocating for will lead to marginalisation which will in turn lead to the fight for emancipation of such region- national insecurity. Meritocracy will only give a short time peace but Federal character will aid progress by giving a long time peace. There can be no development without peace. Think twice bro.

Neyoor:
Should Federal Character Matter In Public Offices Appointment?



Without nursing any form of ambiguity, I can say categorically that the federal character policy is a threat to the national unity. By the virtue of section 14 (3) and (4) of the Nigerian constitution “The composition of the government of the federation or any agencies and the conduct of its affairs shall be carried out in such a manner as to reflect the federal character of Nigeria and the need to promote national unity, and also command national loyalty, thereby ensuring that there shall be no predominance of persons from a few states or from a few ethnic or other sectional groups in that government or in any of its agencies.” The above section of the constitution preaches more of disunity than the unity it focuses on because if we are united and we see each other as one, there wouldn’t be need for appointments to reflect every tribe before it could be seen as upright. Divided we fall, united we stand. Unity is when ministers don’t necessarily have to be chosen from every state in Nigeria before they can be regarded as being complete. The last time I checked, The United States of America and some other civilised countries in the world do not select their cabinets, so as to reflect all the states and tribes they have, just because they are united and that is why they always end up with few but unique and outstanding cabinets. The same cannot be said of Nigeria, where more emphasis is laid on federal character, and at the end of the day, we churn out pitiable Federal Executive Council that uses our nation to nourish themselves, and leaving us in a penurious state.

How does it preach inequalities?

For record, Nigerians don't see each other as one. if we see each other as one, anybody irrespective of his tribe should be able to contest in any place for the post of a governor without any uproar from the people. Or can an Igbo contest in Lagos without any uproar? Remember the "die in lagoon slogan? " Nigeria is a forced marriage where people see themselves not as Nigerian first but as a member of their tribe - Yoruba, Igbo, inter Alia. What will bring about integration is to give room for everyone by using Federal Character.

Neyoor:
we have been adopting a policy as far back as 1979, yet the policy has not been effective and justifiable. why not neglect such policy, besides, don't you think the policy is cancerous to our national development?

Right to free education was not made justiciable, why not neglect that? How can something work when you are preventing it from working? Can a car work without fuel? Justiciability of this will make the government implement it better because of the fear of the wrath of law. Why do you think the free education in Nigeria is not free? it is because of the non-justiciability nature of it. if this is remove, I bet it with you, you will see its good work

Neyoor:
I just imagine the pains of this man in question. perhaps, he might have the competency, integrity, ability, agility and all it takes to have this military job. If federal character is not the main yardstick, the man might have gotten this job based on merit. what is stopping him from having the military job if not this toxic and retrogressive policy called "Federal Character"?

What is stopping him is not Federal character. Based on the analysis of employment posted by your colleague, you can see that northerners have free entry to the military because Federal Character was not made justiciable for it to matter in employment. if it is made justiciable, he would have gotten the job.

graciousolo:


In 2009, the Chairman of the Federal Character Commission (FCC), Prof. Oba AbdulRaheem, was quoted as saying, “18 states are not currently benefitting from the ‘federal character principle’ of the 1999 Constitution”. The states were described as having low representation in appointments into Federal Ministries and Agencies. [b]According to the Prof. AbdulRaheem, each of the 36 states is expected to have about 2.5 % and 3.0% representation in appointments made by Federal Ministries and Extra-Ministerial Departments. A source from the FCC was also quoted as saying “the implication of the current irregularity is that these states may not have civil servants from their states in the hierarchy of the Federal Civil Service in the next few years”.


Furthermore, this principle is supposed to foster equal public office appointments across the ethnic groups but, this is obviously not the case in Nigeria. For instance, as at 2014 about 70% of Nigeria Foot-soldiers were from Hausa-Fulani. About 80% of all Permanent Secretaries in Federal Ministries were from Hausa-Fulani. About 80% of those given Oil Wells presently in the Oil from Niger Delta Region were from Hausa-Fulani. About 60% of Generals in the Nigerian Military were from Hausa-Fulani. About 60% of the Heads of Parastatals were from Hausa-Fulani. About 60% of the Top Ranks in Nigerian Police Force were from Hausa-Fulani. About 70% of Nigerian State Security Services (SSS) officials were from Hausa-Fulani. About 60% Top Posts in each of: Nigerian Prison Services, Nigeria Immigration and Nigerian Ports Authority were from Hausa-Fulani. Not much has changed today. We ask ourselves questions like what has the application of federal character helped us achieve? Has it lead to further National integration? Has it proven to be an adequate tool for national development? I'll let you be the judge.

In Nigeria, the government can choose to forgo Federal Character while appointing because of the non-justiciability of the principle. If the principle is made justiciable, this kind of appointment cannot be done without the government being made to face the wrath of law. This means for federal character to be made effective in Nigeria, you must make it justiciable by removing section 6(6C) of the 1999 constitution

the first bolded should be the case if federal character is made justiciable.

FEDERAL CHARACTER SHOULD MATTER IN PUBLIC OFFICES APPOINTMENT.
Omirin Emmanuel (Emaculate Ife)

Position: Support

School: OAU

For a Federation that was coerced together, lack of equal representation of the federating units is the greatest threat to the national integration of such country. This bores down to the 1914 mistake when Nigeria was coerced together without any recourse to the people's feeling. Instead of breaking up, national integration was chosen. In a bid to maintain the national integration and development, the government was faced with two options federal character: a principle of equal representation of the federating units or meritocracy: a principle that cares not for the equal representation of the federating units. If lack of equal representation is the greatest threat to national integration of a coerced country, then which out of federal character and meritocracy is a threat?

Constitutionally, appointment into public offices is expected to reflect federal character in order to aid integration. Sadly, this provision was made non-justiciable, that is, the government can forgo federal character while appointing without facing the wrath of law. Its non-justiciability has brought feelings of marginalisation in the face of visible dominance of office by some regions. This feeling has been known to have fuel protests and the fight for emancipation of the aggrieved region. If care is not taken, national insecurity and division will set in. In a bid to stop this callous consequence, federal character should be made justiciable.

Naturally, no sane person can work efficiently in an unfriendly environment. A product of marginalisation is protest. Most times, protesters prevent workers from going to their place of work thereby slowing down the productivity of the workers which in turn affect the nation's economy negatively. There might be a change of event, they might go violent by vandalising properties. But will there be any development if workers are prevented from working or properties are being vandalised? For the sake of the economy and development, federal character should be considered.

Moreover, anyone conversant with the world will note that federal character is not alien. It is the quota based form of affirmative action that is given full force of law in UK, US, India, Canada, South Africa among others. The love the government of these countries have for their people necessitated their choice of not sacrificing integration on the altar of meritocracy. If these countries practice affirmative action for the purpose of integration, why then should Federal Character not matter in appointments?

On the 5th day of May, 2016, Mr drtwist, a south-southerner, took to Nairaland to explain how being from the richest region in the country had not helped him secure a place in the military after years of "searching" while his "brothers" from the north were easily recruited - feeling neglected. This was how Niger Delta Militancy started. It comprised of young men in the region who were dissatisfied with their inability to find jobs, destruction of their lands and rivers (which served as means of survival) without any intervention from the government. Suffering and poverty became the order of the day. If care is not taken, Mr Drtwist and the rest, can be turned into readymade tools in the hands of the Niger Delta militants.

Analogically, democracy is a government based on majority's wish and not merit. Just like democracy, Federal Character is based on the wish of not being marginalised. Wish of the people is a driver for the two concepts. It is apparent that people's wish is given great esteem in the world. If that is not the case, aristocracy should have been more popular than democracy since it gives room for the best to rule. Federal Character is our democracy, it should matter in our appointment.

Legally, the safety of the people is the supreme law; all good laws must guarantee the safety of the people directly or by implication. In a country like Nigeria where protest which might lead to chaos can spring out at the slightest scent of marginalisation like the Biafra agitation which is fuelled by their feelings of being marginalised. Which law do you think will guaranty the safety of the people more when implemented? Meritocracy that will allow marginalisation of some regions or federal character that will give no room for marginalisation? You choose!

My Daddy is a man that stands between chaos and the citizens. Each day, he cheats death and listen to the music played by gunshots on the battlefield because he wants to protect the country. He sees his friends being killed beside him but he keeps praying for God's protection as he fights for the country's unity. If you were my Daddy, would you rather choose to protest a law that will protect the country's unity which your teammates died for? I believe you would go for that which will protect the country's unity.

Meritocracy might be good but Nigeria is not yet ripe for it. Nigeria will be ripe for it when fear of marginalisation and domination is removed. She can also be ripe for it if this forced marriage is broken into pieces and ethnicity becomes a thing of the past. Till then, Nigeria should make Federal Character matter in appointments into public offices.

REFRENCE:

Biafra agitation: a bedrock to protest injustice, marginalisation.
www.elombah.com/index.php/opinion/3679-biafra-agitation-a-bedrock-to-protest-injustice-marginalisation

Southeast one of the Richest Region After Southsouth NBS report 2016- evidence
www.nairaland.com/3088004/southeast-one-richest-region-after#45339723

1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 2011 as amended.

Federal Character And Quota System in Nigeria A Good Public Policy
http://www.gamji.com/article8000/NEWS8640.htm

present

truewalker:
really don't know why new phones are getting updates, but I haven't gotten any. it advisable you don't for know till a general update comes.

thanks boss mi

Good afternoon. I am a new user of infinix hot 3. immediately I switched on my data, I got an update notification for my phone. I need your advice please. should I update or not?

[size=18pt]QUESTION 1 (TWO IN ONE [/size]

[size=13pt] 1.Feminism is on the rise. Do you think feminism should be given more attention in the society?


2. Is Brilliance really Intelligence? If yes how, if no why?
[/size]


Lanicky
Optional1
demiladegold
Refiner

refiner:

thanks.

I want to study English as a course because that's my dream course
and secondly I'll be traveling out after my university education here to aid my brother in the school he built over there!

studying English will also help me to communicate well with their citizens!


question 2!
the society has been benefiting and will keep on benefiting from this course, because without English I doubt if there will be any country called Nigeria!..
you will agree with me that we can't communicate with other tribes without the use of English,so therefore when there is no general language like English to communicate freely with other tribes,there will be nothing like one government,unity and peace!

so,studying this unique course is strengthening the value of English in the country!

thanks.

Good! Who do you think should be the miss Naira land and why?

emaculate99:
OK, good. Can you tell us why you are studying your course and what you think the society will benefit from the course?

cc. Refiner

refiner:
...nop

am 18 years of age,fair in complexion,slim and tall,am from imo state and from the Igbo tribe!

am an undergraduate aspiring to study English in one of the famous university in the east!

OK, good. Can you tell us why you are studying your course and what you think the society will benefit from the course?

refiner:
thanks!

I'm miss Dike adaolisa.

is that all what you want us to know about you?

refiner:
...present sire!...
I'm ready!

welcome on board. Can we meet you?

good evening everyone