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Celebrities › Re: Sugar Chika Asoegwu's White Wedding Photos by fredabrown: 5:50pm On Jan 17, 2016

bridesmaid bust does not fit well in those dresses,they look fat and tacky i guess from consuming too much sugar

Politics › Re: Donald Trump To Chase Nigerians Out Of US by fredabrown: 5:38pm On Jan 17, 2016

India is one of the most corrupt country and according to you they are developing. Why your country is not developing is because you talk too much and love to point finger.

What are you doing to help your country,talk is cheap, if you have nothing positive to contribute shut up.

Politics › Re: Donald Trump To Chase Nigerians Out Of US by fredabrown: 5:28pm On Jan 17, 2016

All people from where ever should return to develop their nations

Politics › Re: Donald Trump Message To Nigerians by fredabrown: 5:21pm On Jan 17, 2016

Donald Trump Message to Kenyans
Donald trump message to South African
Donald trump message to Camaroons
Donald Trump message to Indians
Donald trump message to Ghanaians
Donald trump message to Somalian
Donald trump message to Jamaicans
Donaldson trump message to Trinidadians

Family › Re: Women With Rich Husbands Have Stronger Orgasm –study by fredabrown: 2:34am On Dec 21, 2014

OP Perpetrates stereotype of the he historically touted myth of the oversexed Africans

"If you ask me why is there more AIDS in Africa and I say because Africans f--- more, what's your reaction?" -- Elizabeth Pisani, epidemiologist, quoted in "Why we are losing the war on AIDS," The Sunday Herald . May 4, 2008.

"AIDS would be brought under control only if Africans restrain their sexual cravings." -- Dr. Yuichi Shiokawa, speaking at the 10th International AIDS Conference, Yokohama. August 1994.

"Let me be very blunt: the heterosexual transmission of AIDS is, in Africa, a function of truly pathological promiscuity.

Characterized by a general lack of guilt or moral codes, therefore, sex in Africa, according to these authors, is an activity like working, eating or drinking and is transacted in very much the same matter-of-fact manner as these other activities.

Africa's case has not been helped by the emergence of AIDS, and the insistence of the HIV/AIDS orthodoxy that its primary mode of transmission among Africans is heterosexual sex.

Against this background, it's no major surprise that AIDS in Africa has been understood and fought along "behavior and behavioral change" lines. Sound bites from HIV/AIDS strategists and commentators confirm this.

http://www.alternet.org/story/92671/racist_myths_about_african_sexuality_persist_in_aids_prevention_effo

Romance › Re: Seven Things More Pleasurable Than Sex! by fredabrown: 2:32am On Dec 21, 2014

1 Like

Politics › Re: Why Is President Jonathan Overly Obsessed With His Fedora Hat (PICS) by fredabrown: 1:11am On Oct 06, 2014

The modern African thinking is the product of Europe not Africa. History has stripped African people of their dignity, values, institutions, and heritage.

This is why we have African children asking foolish questions such as “why is President Jonathan Overly Obsessed with His Fedora Hat” and “why the president doesn’t wears a suit”.

Just imagine an Indian or Arab child laughing at his president for wearing his cultural attire.

Indian child, why do our fathers, presidents wear those silly clothes why not wear western suites?.
Why do our mothers wear those silly clothing why not wear western dresses?
Why do we worship all these gods and put all these primitive colours on our foreheads etc?.
"let us abandon all this primitive tradition and adopt western traditions".

If you are an African asking such questions, has it ever occurred to you that other races see you as a fool and will be laughing at you? Even the very people you seek to emulate will see you as a fool and treat you as such. Please stop embarrassing yourself.

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Politics › Re: Why Is President Jonathan Overly Obsessed With His Fedora Hat (PICS) by fredabrown: 12:00am On Oct 06, 2014

http://www.ibtimes.com/why-does-president-south-sudan-always-wear-cowboy-hat-739113

Why Does The President Of South Sudan Always Wear A Cowboy Hat?

Kiir is fond of wearing a black cowboy hat (the kind that Texans love to wear).

Kiir wears the 10-gallon Stetson so often in public that it has become his trademark whether he is speaking to the United Nations General Assembly, meeting with Secretary of State Hilary Clinton or visiting China, he and the black hat are inseparable.

According to reports, the hat was a gift to Kiir for then-U.S. President George W. Bush when the former leader of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement visited the White House in July 2006. Kiir liked the hat so much, he reportedly bought several more and now has a closet full of them.

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Politics › Re: Ebola Outbreak: 39 Immigrants From DR Congo, Sierra Leone Arrested In Lagos by fredabrown: 9:18pm On Aug 30, 2014

Dogs EATING corpses of Ebola victims in Liberia after health teams pile bodies into shallow grave in the middle of the night after locals refused permission to use the land

http://uktoday.org/news/dogs-eating-corpses-of-ebola-victims-in-liberia-after-health-teams-pile-bodies-into-shallow-grave-in-the-middle-of-the-night-after-locals-refused-permission-to-use-the-land

Politics › Re: Ebola Outbreak: 39 Immigrants From DR Congo, Sierra Leone Arrested In Lagos by fredabrown: 9:14pm On Aug 30, 2014

CATASTROPHE WARNING

The director of the United States Centers for Disease Control (CDC) warned on Friday of a "catastrophe" if emergency action were not taken immediately to reverse the trend of rising cases.

The World Health Organization (WHO) said on Thursday that the actual number of Ebola cases could be up to four times higher than reported and said 20,000 people in total could be infected before the outbreak ends.

In the remote southeastern Guinean city of Nzerekore, riots broke out on Thursday night over rumours that health workers had infected people with Ebola, a Red Cross official and residents said.

The government of Guinea says it has the epidemic under control, but the number of cases has flared up in southern Guinea, a trend the government blames on people spilling over the borders from Liberia and Sierra Leone.

A crowd of young men, some armed with clubs and knives, set up barricades across Nzerekore on Thursday and threatened to attack the hospital before security forces moved in to restore order. Gunshots were fired and several people were injured, said Youssouf Traore, president of the Guinean Red Cross.

"A rumour, which was totally false, spread that we had sprayed the market in order to transmit the virus to locals," Traore said. "People revolted and resorted to violence, prompting soldiers to intervene."

Local Red Cross workers had to flee to the military camp with their medical equipment. Another resident said the security forces were preventing people leaving their neighborhoods overnight. More than 400 people have died in Guinea, though the infection rate is slower than in Liberia and Sierra Leone.

Politics › Re: Ebola Outbreak: 39 Immigrants From DR Congo, Sierra Leone Arrested In Lagos by fredabrown: 9:09pm On Aug 30, 2014

A Health Ministry official, who asked not to be named, said that the 21-year-old crossed into Senegal via its southern border with Guinea and had been living in the densely populated Dakar suburb of Parcelles Assainies for weeks. He added that the man appeared to have a good chance of recovering.

The man had been under surveillance by health authorities in Guinea because of his contact with Ebola victims but escaped to Senegal, Seck said.

Residents in Dakar reacted with anger and concern. "When you are sick, why do you leave your own country to export the disease to another?" asked radio host Taib Soce on RFM, a popular station owned by Senegalese music star Youssou N'dour.

In an attempt to prevent the spread of the virus, Senegal last week banned flights to and from three of the affected countries and shut its land border with Guinea.

http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/08/29/us-health-ebola-idUSKBN0GS1SU20140829
The country, a regional hub for U.N. agencies and aid groups, has also refused to give clearance for U.N. aid flights to Ebola-hit countries in a move that humanitarian workers say is hampering their ability to respond to the epidemic.

Family › Re: How Many Of You Ever Drank Water From This? by fredabrown: 10:57pm On Aug 28, 2014

Zeer Pot Fridge. Cool your food or drinks with no electric needed!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vcuSlaecvIw?version=3&autohide=1

Jaber Aljuaidi
5 months ago
For God sake give some credit to the guy who first invented this. Mohammed Bah Abba, a Nigerian teacher (1960-2010), may god bless his soul was the first person who implemented this in Nigeria.

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Family › Re: How Many Of You Ever Drank Water From This? by fredabrown: 10:26pm On Aug 28, 2014

www.nairaland.com/attachments/1655669_ikoko_aamu_jpeg2ff8325d36d132fb11ebd6aadc1ea1ae

very beautiful clay pot, do Nigerians export these how much would one like this cost.

Health › Re: BREAKING: Nigeria Records New Ebola Cases by fredabrown: 7:22pm On Aug 22, 2014*

Recommended Book - Lonely Planet Africa (Healthy Travel Guides)

Lonely Planet Africa Illness & Disease

There are numerous illness and diseases throughout Africa and many of them have similar symptoms. With most of the more serious diseases, vaccinations have been developed as a form of protection. Some vaccinations can have different side effects on different people, but if you are travelling to Africa you should always obtain specialist advice from your physician or travel clinic. Many countries have clinics that specialise in tropical diseases. The risk of contracting a number of the diseases can be greatly reduced if you are careful about where and what you eat and drink and who you come into direct contact with.

Aids
Bilharzia (Schistosomiasis)
Cholera
Diarrhoea and sickness
Amoebic Dysentery
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Lassa Fever
Malaria
Meningococcal Meningitis
Polio
Rabies
Rift Valley Fever
Sleeping sickness (African Trypanosomiasis)
Tuberculosis (TB)
Typhoid
West Nile Fever
Yellow Fever
Ebola

For more detailed information please visit the World Health Organisation Website

http://www.africaguide.com/health.htm

African Tick-Bite Fever

What is African tick-bite fever?
Who is at risk?
What can travelers do to prevent African tick-bite fever?
Information for travelers
Clinician Information

What is African tick-bite fever?

African tick-bite fever is a bacterial infection that is spread through the bite of infected ticks. Symptoms usually appear within 2 weeks after a tick bite and often include fever, headache, muscle soreness, and a rash. At the site of the tick bite will be a red skin sore with a dark center.

http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/diseases/african-tick-bite-fever

Finally, the Ebola disease has highlighted the challenges raised by erroneous perceptions of Africa. Africans now have the opportunity to tackle those perception not exagerate them

Health › Re: BREAKING: Nigeria Records New Ebola Cases by fredabrown: 7:00pm On Aug 22, 2014

Ghana cholera outbreak at 'staggering' level
2014-08-15 20:48

Cholera has killed more than 40 people in Accra since June and infected 3 100 others, according to the Ghana Health Service

'Avoid handshakes'

Cholera causes diarrhoea, dehydration and death if left untreated. It is transmitted by ingesting food or drink contaminated with human waste.

http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Ghana-cholera-outbreak-at-staggering-level-20140815-2

Sudan to monitor arrivals from West Africa for Ebola

The virus is endemic to Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, South Sudan and Gabon, and scientists initially believed that Central Africa’s Zaire strain of the virus was responsible for the outbreak.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has said that the world’s worst outbreak of Ebola in West African nations — with 1,779 cases and 962 deaths — will likely continue for months as the region’s healthcare systems struggle to cope. It has appealed urgently for funding and emergency medical staff.

http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article51995

Health › Re: BREAKING: Nigeria Records New Ebola Cases by fredabrown: 6:24pm On Aug 22, 2014

Experimental Ebola drug ZMapp highlights new field of plant-made drugs, which are inexpensive to produce

Still, with the Ebola epidemic shedding light on the benefits of plant-made pharmaceuticals, the companies that are making them hope the interest in ZMapp will push the industry forward.

As was the case with ZMapp, many companies settled on the tobacco plant as the ideal host for bioengineered proteins because it grows so quickly and produces a high yield.

http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/8/21/plant-made-pharmaceuticals.html

Health › Re: BREAKING: Nigeria Records New Ebola Cases by fredabrown: 6:00pm On Aug 22, 2014

WHO says 70 died from hemorrhagic illness in DRC; denies outbreak is Ebola

outbreak of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, the World Health Organization said on Thursday, denying that the illness was Ebola.At least 70 people have died in northern Democratic Republic of Congo

The outbreak began in the remote jungle province of Equateur, where the first case of Ebola was reported in 1976, prompting speculation that it was the same illness that has killed more than 1,350 people in West Africa and continues to spread.

Symptoms of the two diseases are similar, including vomiting, diarrhea and internal bleeding. But the fatality rate for this outbreak of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis is much lower than for the West Africa Ebola outbreak — 12 percent versus close to 60 percent.

The medical charity Doctors Without Borders said it has also sent a team to Equateur to assess the situation. The group said it was too early to confirm what the disease was.

Congo does not share a border with any of the West African countries affected by Ebola. But the country has seen several outbreaks since the first case was detected near the Ebola River in northern Congo in 1976.

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http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/8/21/congo-who-disease.html

Health › Re: BREAKING: Nigeria Records New Ebola Cases by fredabrown: 5:45pm On Aug 22, 2014

Kalzeubet Payimi Deubet, Chad's prime minister, said on Thursday his country would close its border with Nigeria to prevent Ebola entering the country

Those countries are starting to suffer shortages of fuel, food and basic supplies due to these measures, it warned this week

http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/8/22/ebola-nigeria-africa.html

Health › Re: Ebola Facts [Timeless Magazine] by fredabrown: 10:42pm On Aug 09, 2014*

Celebrities › Re: Snoop Dogg Insults President Goodluck Jonathan by fredabrown: 9:07pm On Aug 08, 2014

[/b][b][/b][size=16pt]Snoop Lion.[/size] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snoop_Dogg

Claiming to be "born again" in 2012, the gangster rapper converted to the Rastafari movement,[84][85][86][87] switched the focus of his music to reggae[88] and changed his name to "[b]Snoop Lion" following a trip to Jamaica. He released a reggae album Reincarnated, and claimed at a press conference to be the reincarnation of Bob Marley, the Jamaican reggae legend who died in 1981.[89]

In January 2013, he received criticism from members of the Rastafarian community in Jamaica, including reggae artist Bunny Wailer, for an alleged failure to meet his commitments to the culture.[90] Snoop later dismissed the claims, stating his beliefs were personal and not up for outside judgment.[91] Wailer is credited for giving Snoop the name "Lion".[91]

Health › Re: American Ebola Patients Saved With A "Secret Serum" by fredabrown: 9:17pm On Aug 05, 2014

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_experimentation_in_Africa

African countries have been sites for clinical trials by large pharmaceutical companies, raising human rights concerns.[1] Incidents of unethical experimentation, clinical trials lacking properly informed consent, and forced medical procedures have been claimed and prosecuted

Contents

1 Specific incidents by date
1.1 Meningitis testing in Nigeria - 1990s
1.2 HIV/AIDS testing in Zimbabwe - 1990s
1.3 Forced sexual reassignment in South Africa - 1970s-1980s
1.4 Forced contraception in Zimbabwe - 1970s
1.5 Sterilisation experiments in Namibia - Late 1900s-1910s
2 Effects on legitimate medicine
3 The role of poverty
4 Codes of ethics
5 Pop culture references
6 See also
7 Referen

Pop culture references

The book and movie The Constant Gardener highlighted the dynamics of conduct in clinical trials in Africa in the slum areas. This was based on the real-life meningitis incident in Kano, Nigeria. New York Times best seller book Medical Apartheid by Harriet A. Washington, provides a historical account of experimentation on African Americans, but also includes the links to African experimentation.[

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Health › Re: American Ebola Patients Saved With A "Secret Serum" by fredabrown: 9:10pm On Aug 05, 2014

http://www.rense.com/general61/outof.htm

Debunking The Out Of Africa
Origin Of HIV & AIDS
The Greatest Conspiracy
Story Ever Told
By Alan Cantwell © 2005
Alan Cantwell, M.D.
1-1-5

Where did Gallo's new virus come from? In the prestigious journal Science (Jan 4, 1985) it was reported that Gallo's AIDS virus was most closely related to "slow viruses" (lentiviruses) found in sheep and goats, particularly the visna virus in sheep, which causes pneumonia, neurologic changes, and wasting. However, Gallo declared that his virus was not visna virus, but might be "another animal viruses coming into man...and this means we have to look more closely at these animals as models and these types of animal viruses. No one knows if the viruses could have stemmed from a common viral ancestor hundreds or thousands of years ago, or if a virus moved between species only decades ago from human exposure to the virus of sheep or goats."

The idea that HIV was "closely related" to the sheep visna virus did not last long. The idea of a sheep virus infecting gay men would have undoubtedly aroused suspicion because the only place one could find visna was in research labs where visna virus had been seeded and "adapted" into various animal species, as well as into human cells, for the two decades prior to the "gay plague."

Gallo, with the help of veterinarian Max Essex of Harvard, convinced the AIDS experts and the adoring media that AIDS came from green monkeys. In Gallo's book Virus Hunting [1991], he claims that in 1983 (a year before his discovery) Ann Giudici Fettner, a free-lance journalist who had lived in Africa, told him that the virus came from green monkeys in central Africa. In 1983 the African connection to AIDS was tenuous, and in Fettner's 1984 book, The Truth About AIDS, she never mentioned green monkeys and the African origin of AIDS. In fact, on page 44, she emphatically states: "AIDS started as an American disease."

There are no scientific papers which uphold the green monkey theory. The monkey out of Africa theory lasted until the late 1990s when another group of American scientists claimed the virus definitely originated in a specific species of chimpanzee found in Africa.

The green monkey theory was scientifically doomed from the very start, although that apparently did not phase the scientists who undoubtedly wanted to place the blame on the dark continent -- and take the origin of HIV out of Manhattan, where the first cases were discovered in 1979, and push the origin to the other side of the world.

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Health › Re: American Ebola Patients Saved With A "Secret Serum" by fredabrown: 8:59pm On Aug 05, 2014

http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/sociopolitica/esp_sociopol_depopu30.htm

here is no question mark after the title of this article because the title is not a question. It's a declarative statement. WHO, the World Health Organization, murdered Africa with the AIDS virus. That's a provocative statement, isn't it?

The answers to this little mystery, Murder on the WHO Express, will be quite clear to you by the end of this report. You will also understand why the other suspects, the homosexuals, the green monkey an the Haitians, were only pawns in this virocidal attack on the non-Communist world. If you believe the government propaganda that AIDS is hard to catch then you are going to die even sooner than the rest of us. The common cold is a virus. Have you ever had a cold? How did you catch it? You don't really know, do you? If the cold virus were fatal how many people would there be left in the world?

The Centers for Disease Control reported in 1981 that four percent of those receiving the hepatitis-vaccine were AIDS-infected. In 1984 they admitted to 60 percent. Now they refuse to give out figures at all because they don't want to admit that 100 percent of hepatitis vaccine receivers are infected with AIDS.

Where is the data on the hepatitis vaccine studies? FDA? CDC? No, the U.S Department of Justice has it buried where you will never see it. What has the government told us about AIDS?

It's a homosexual disease-WRONG. (The homosexuals certainly spread it but the primary responsibility wasn't theirs.)

It's related to anal intercourse only-WRONG.

Only a small percentage of those testing positive for AIDS would get the disease-WRONG.

It came from the African green-back monkey-WRONG.

It came from the cytomegalovirus-WRONG.

It was due to popping amyl nitrate with sex-WRONG.

It was started 400 years ago by the Portuguese-WRONG. (It started in 1972.)

You can't get it from insects-WRONG.

The virus can't live outside the body-WRONG.

Celebrities › Re: Did MBGN 2014 Winner Lie About Her Age???? by fredabrown: 7:49pm On Jul 29, 2014*

Fashion › Re: The Dangers Of Wearing Fairly Used Underwears by fredabrown: 6:37pm On Jul 29, 2014

http://www.herald.co.zw/poverty-the-desire-for-something-foreign/

Poverty, the desire for something foreign

Selling used underwear was unhygienic. Besides, what if the clothes belonged to dead people and their spirits will come back to haunt you? “Normally, we burn our old second-hand clothes, why are the Europeans giving us theirs?” Piri asked.

She pulled Piri towards her and whispered, “And once you have your nice bra and underwear on, what man would know that it has been worn before by a foreign woman in some far away country? This is Zimbabwe, my sister, and we dance to the tune that is playing. Tamba iri kurira.”

flipped through the underwear, checking the quality and the labels. Some of them had designer names like La Pelle and Victoria Secret, designers I could never afford during my days in the USA.

Back at Chandi’s place in Chitungwiza, they spent the whole afternoon washing, ironing and folding the masses of bras, knickers, petticoats, night dresses and men’s boxer shorts.

Chandi spoke slowly, telling the women that the underwear had come all the way from America and England, the home of Europeans.

Fashion › Re: The Dangers Of Wearing Fairly Used Underwears by fredabrown: 6:02pm On Jul 29, 2014

The practice of wearing used underwear is "humiliating," the newspaper said in an editorial.

"Wearing used underwear is most dehumanizing and no government worth its salt should allow its citizens to be abused to this extent. It is a fact that our flea markets receive bales of clothing, some of which is exclusively used underwear – some of which is soiled."

"What nation have we become that knowingly subjects its people to humiliation and disease

OHANNESBURG, South Africa — Zimbabwe's finance minister made a shocking discovery recently about the underwear-buying habits of his countrywomen: he learned that many buy secondhand lingerie at flea markets and used clothing stalls.

“How does that happen?" Tendai Biti asked incredulously, according to NewsDay. "If you are a husband and you see your wife buying underwear from the flea market, you would have failed.”

To stop this practice, Biti introduced a ban on hand-me-down underpants that has now been made into law. The new legislation makes it illegal to import or sell “articles of secondhand undergarments of any type, form or description, whether purchased, donated or procured in any other manner."

Fashion › Re: The Dangers Of Wearing Fairly Used Underwears by fredabrown: 5:47pm On Jul 29, 2014

http://globalvoicesonline.org/2009/05/15/africa-donating-used-underwear-to-african-women/

A group called The Knickers For Africa is asking British women to donate their unwanted old underwear to African women. “Isn't this an insult to the women of Africa?,” asks Kojan at Zimbabwe Today.

Helena Horne (British women)

I think that donating NEW knickers and good condition 2nd hand bras is a positive action as it will hugely improve African womens lifes. A report showed that the girls without underwear were far more likely to be sexually abused than those with underwear. They are so poor that they cannot afford underwear, I am certain that they would appreciate receiving the donated underwear than continue to go without. To all those that described it as an \insult\ are should put them selves in the african womens shoes and then perhaps realise that its a whole other world where people are poor and desperate and mostly importantly rely on certain donations. Can you imagine not having ANY underwear? And any way, who said anything about 2nd hand knickers? The people that assumed 2nd hand knickers would be donated are selfish and heartless and are the ones that are insulting the women- I did not, for one second dream of sending used knickers - im sure everybody can afford to donate one new pair.

Family › Re: Thread For Single Mothers/ Fathers by fredabrown: 1:23am On Jul 22, 2014

Why married people tend to be wealthier:

It’s more educated, more affluent and also more religious Americans that tend to get married in the first place,” Couples who get and stay married can have as much as four times the wealth of their single or divorced peers.People who are married also are able to divide up responsibilities in financially beneficial ways. “More affluent and more educated Americans (are) not only more likely to get married, they’re also less likely to get divorced,” Wilcox said.

Marriage brings a network of familial support in the form of parents, aunts, uncles, cousins, nieces and nephews who all know something or someone who can help you along the way. As often as we might feel life would be easier without all that additional family, we have to accept that the larger network of folks who are invested in our marriage are also invested in our future and our goals."

Family › Re: Thread For Single Mothers/ Fathers by fredabrown: 1:15am On Jul 22, 2014

One study of school-aged children found that children with good relationships with their fathers were less likely to experience depression, to exhibit disruptive behavior, or to lie and were more likely to exhibit pro-social behavior. This same study found that boys with involved fathers had fewer school behavior problems and that girls had stronger self-esteem. In addition, numerous studies have found that children who live with their fathers are more likely to have good physical and emotional health, to achieve academically, and to avoid drugs, violence, and delinquent behavior In short, fathers have a powerful and positive impact upon the development and health of children.

Family › Re: Thread For Single Mothers/ Fathers by fredabrown: 1:09am On Jul 22, 2014

Growing up without a father figure has a profound effect on boys that lasts into manhood. Boys need a father figure to learn how to be a man. Without having this influence in their lives, boys are at risk of growing into men who have problems with behavior, emotional stability, and relationships with both significant others and their own children.

Men who grow up without a father figure also have more problems bonding with their own children, writes Hartwell-Walker. Having never experienced a father-son bond, they are unsure of how to develop that relationship with their own children. Men who had absent fathers are more likely to be absent fathers themselves. These men were also never taught how to have healthy relationships with women and tend to have higher break-up and divorce rates than men who grow up with a father’s influence

A good relationship with his father teaches a son to better solve problems, allowing him, as a man, to deal with everyday stress in more useful ways. According to Schwartz, men who grow up without paternal influence are also more likely to experience depression and anxiety.

The Impact of Fathers on Cognitive Ability and Educational Achievement

Children with involved, caring fathers have better educational outcomes. A number of studies suggest that fathers who are involved, nurturing, and playful with their infants have children with higher IQs, as well as better linguistic and cognitive capacities.9 Toddlers with involved fathers go on to start school with higher levels of academic readiness. They are more patient and can handle the stresses and frustrations associated with schooling more readily than children with less involved fathers.10

The influence of a father's involvement on academic achievement extends into adolescence and young adulthood. Numerous studies find that an active and nurturing style of fathering is associated with better verbal skills, intellectual functioning, and academic achievement among adolescents.11 For instance, a 2001 U.S. Department of Education study found that highly involved biological fathers had children who were 43 percent more likely than other children to earn mostly As and 33 percent less likely than other children to repeat a grade

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Family › Re: Thread For Single Mothers/ Fathers by fredabrown: 12:59am On Jul 22, 2014

Quality of Parenting
Regardless of family structure, the quality of parenting is one of the best predictors of children's emotional and social well-being. Many single parents, however, find it difficult to function effectively as parents. Compared with continuously married parents, they are less emotionally supportive of their children, have fewer rules, dispense harsher discipline, are more inconsistent in dispensing discipline, provide less supervision, and engage in more conflict with their children.46 Many of these deficits in parenting presumably result from struggling to make ends meet with limited financial resources and trying to raise children without the help of the other biological parent. Many studies link inept parenting by resident single parents with a variety of negative outcomes among children, including poor academic achievement, emotional problems, conduct problems, low self-esteem, and problems forming and maintaining social relationships.

Children also thrive when their parents have a cooperative co-parental relationship. When parents agree on the rules and support one another's decisions, children learn that parental authority is not arbitrary. Parental agreement also means that children are not subjected to inconsistent discipline when they misbehave. Consistency between parents helps children to learn and internalize social norms and moral values. Another benefit of a positive co-parental relationship is the modeling of interpersonal skills, such as showing respect, communicating clearly, and resolving disputes through negotiation and compromise. Children who learn these skills by observing their parents have positive relationships with peers and, later, with intimate partners. When children's parents live in separate households, however, cooperative coparenting is not the norm. Although some parents remain locked in conflict for many years, especially if a divorce is involved, most gradually disengage and communicate little with one another. At best, most children living with single parents experience “parallel” parenting rather than cooperative co-parenting

Family › Re: Thread For Single Mothers/ Fathers by fredabrown: 12:56am On Jul 22, 2014

When Children Become Burdens

Single parents sometimes begin to perceive the responsibilities of child-raising as overwhelming. Even the most routine events in their child's life—carpooling, events at school, or normal oppositional behavior—become burdens for parents struggling to squeeze everything into their day. Single parents experience a great deal of tension and sometimes guilt that comes with not being able to attend to all of their child's needs or to provide all of the opportunities they wish their child to have. At the extreme, these parents feel they can't deal with their children anymore. They may resort to physical punishment and even become abusive if they are pushed too far. Or they may give up altogether and agree too easily to their children's demands. When possible, they may need to turn over more of the child-raising responsibilities to the youngsters' other parent and perhaps get some professional counseling to help cope better.

Researchers have several theories to explain why children growing up with single parents have an elevated risk of experiencing cognitive, social, and emotional problems. Most refer either to the economic and parental resources available to children or to the stressful events and circumstances to which these children must adapt.

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