₦airaland Forum

Pls help, my system is returning electricity back to the charger and not turning on, I've given it to someone to fix but he couldn't, he even took it to Lagos according to him, all to no avail, pls help, what can I do?

pls help

sobastical:
Please what's the figure of the said large sum you paid the engineer? Which seems to me like you emptied your pocket/account due to your lamentable post @op

u know what, my question has been answered, you all can go home now. ( there should be a way to close threads by yourself.)

Pls help, my system is returning electricity back to the charger and not turning on, I've given it to someone to fix but he couldn't, he even took it to Lagos according to him, all to no avail, pls help, what can I do?

laplace12:
You should be grateful your phone is working.

AnyibestDede:
Its very hard to please a NIGERIAN

caesaraba:
Extremely hard.

CrazyScientist:
OP, you bricked your phone and they helped you fix it, better thank that man

Eldorado01:
[size=20pt]YOU ARE SO UNGRATEFUL

YOU SHOULD HAVE FIXED IT AT HOME YOURSELF[/size]

jksxxxx:
nigerians eh,,,ur fone is working nw still u dey complain,,,,

Eldorado01:
[size=20pt]YOU ARE SO UNGRATEFUL

YOU SHOULD HAVE FIXED IT AT HOME YOURSELF[/size]

it's not a matter of me not being grateful, in fact I thought I had bricked the phone, and was glad when he said he could fix it, it was my files that I saw there that gave me doubts, and since I'm not a tech geek I had to ask or is it a crime to ask questions again? if you have doubts about something don't you ask questionss??

Op, you seem like as n engineer, pls help, my system is returning electricity back to the charger and not turning on, I've given it to someone to fix but he couldn't, he even took it to Lagos according to him, all to no avail, pls help, what can I do?

go home.

therefore, for a whole year In venus, it will be day time, you go work tire

The Cell inIts Environment-Physical and Biophysical Processes
Substances can move into and outof a cellthroughits semi-permeable cell membrane. There are three different processes throughwhich materials can move in and outof a cell. They are:
• Through the processof diffusion,
• Through the processof osmosis and
• Through the processof active transport.
Diffusion is the majorprocess through which small moleculesmove in and out across the cellmembrane region of higherconcentrationto a region of lower concentration.
The concentrationof a substance is the amountof thatparticular substance in a given volume of liquid. Diffusion results asa resultof movement and collision of molecules. The collisions of the moleculesare what caused the molecules to thrust awayfrom one another and spread out.
Molecules would normallydiffuse throughthe cellmembrane intoa cell when the contents ofthe cellare of a lower concentrationthan the surroundingsolution.The diffusion of water molecules througha semi permeable membrane is knownas osmosis.
Dueto the factthatcellfunction effectively without sufficient water, the majority of cellular processesdepend onosmosis.
In osmosis, the molecules of water travelthroughthe process of diffusion from a region of higherconcentration to a region oflower concentration.
The movement of dissolved substances througha cellmembrane withoutthe use of cellular energyis referred to as passive transport. Diffusion and osmosis are two types of passive transport.
When there isa need for the cellto assimilate materials thatare inhigher concentrationinside the cellthan outside the cell, the movementof the materials requires energy.
Onthe contrary, active transportis the movement of materials througha cell membrane with the useof cellular energy. The major variation between passive transport and active transport is thatactive transportnecessitates the use of cell’s own energywhile passive transportdoes not.
Cellshave many ways of transporting materials throughactive transport. In one method, especially in the transportation ofprotein molecules, the cellmembrane “lift up” molecules outside the celland transportthem inside the cell.
Anothermethod of active transportis throughengulfing.In this case, the cell membrane envelops orengulfsa particle and forms a vacuole inside the cell.
The majority of the cells are highly small. This is because the all particles have to move in and outof the cell throughthe cellmembrane. On entering inside the cell, it istransported to itstargetthrougha stream of moving cytoplasm.
In anextremely large cell, streams of cytoplasm ought to travelfartherto transportmaterials from the cell membrane to every part of the cell.
In a nutshell, Osmosis can be defined as:
• Diffusion of a solvent (frequently water molecules) througha semi permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentrationto anarea of highsolute concentration.
• Netmovement of water molecules througha semi-permeable membrane from an area of higherwater concentrationto anarea of lower water concentration.
• The tendencyof water to move from a hypotonic solution (lower concentrationof dissolved substances) to hypertonicsolution (higher concentrationof dissolved substances) througha semi-permeable membrane
In biological processes, osmosis is very significant since a lotof biological membranes are semi permeable in nature, and it leads to diverse physiological effects.
For instance, when ananimal cellis placed into a hypertonic surrounding- a surroundingwith lower water concentration-the waterwilldepart from the cellresultingto a shrinking of the cell.
When ananimal cellis placed in a hypotonic environment, oran environmentthatis of higherwater concentration, the watermolecules will move into the cellcausing the cellto swell. If osmosis continues and becomes extreme the cellwillfinally burst.
In a plantcell, extreme osmosis is barred as a resultof the osmotic pressure exerted by the cellwallwhich stabilizes the cell.In fact, osmotic pressure is the majorcause of support inplants.
Onthe otherhand, if a plantcellis placed in a hypertonic surrounding, the cellwallcannot preventthe cellfrom losing water. This normallyleads to a condition knownas flaccidity orthe shrinking ofthe cell.
Plasmolysis
This can be defined as the shrinking of protoplasm away from the cellwallof a plantorbacterium as a resultof water loss from osmosis and in so doing leading to gaps between the cell walland cellmembrane.
When a plantcellis immersed intoa highly concentrated solution, water diffuses outof the cell, and turgor pressure of the cellis lost.This makes the cellto become flaccid. Additional loss of water willlead to plasmolysis, and finally to cytorrhysis which means the totalcollapse of cellwall.
Plasmolysis only occurs insevere situations and seldom happens in nature.Itis induced inthe laboratory by immersing cells instrong saline or sugar solutionsto give rise to exosmosis, frequently with the use of Elodea plants oronion epidermal cells.
Wilting and Plasmolysis
Plasmolysis is the separation of plant cellcytoplasm from the cellwalldue to excessive loss of water. Itis unlikelyto happen naturallyexcept inrigorous situations. Plasmolysis is induced in the laboratory by immersing a plant cellina powerfully saline or sugary solution, sothatthe plantlosses water throughthe process of osmosis.
Diffusion and Osmosis
Diffusion
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from areas of high concentration, to areas of low concentration. When the moleculesare eventhroughout a space– it isreferred to as equilibrium state.
Concentration gradient: This is the difference between concentrations ina given environment.
Molecules willalways traveldown the concentrationgradient, toward areas of smaller concentration.Example: food coloring thatdisperses out ina glass of water the dispersal of the fume from an air freshenersprayed ina room.
Semi Permeable membranes: These are membranes that allow the passage of some things while at the sametime disallowing the passage of otherthings throughit. Example of a semi-permeable membrane is the cellwall. Itallows water and oxygen to pass freely throughthe cell’smembrane, by diffusion
Osmosis means the diffusion of water across a membrane. Water will normallytravelinthe direction where there isa high concentrationof solute. In otherwords where there isa lower concentrationof water.
Salt isa solute and when it is concentrated inside oroutside the cell, it willpull the waterup to itsdirection. This is also the reason why we are thirstyafter eating salty food.
Type of Solutions:
1. Isotonic Solutions: Iso means the same
When the concentrationof solute (salt) is the same onboth sides, the water willtravelback and forthbut it won’t have any effect onthe overall amount of water onthe twosides.
2. Hypotonic Solutions
“HYPO” means less. Therefore a hypotonic solution isa solution that containsless solute (salt) molecules outside the cellwhich leads to intake of water from the outside intothe cell.
This leads to the cellgaining water and growing bigger. In plantcells, the central vacuoles willget filledup and the plantturns firmerand more rigid. Thus the plant’scellwallprevents the plantfrom bursting.
In animal cells howeverwhen this happens, the cellpossibly willbe in risk of bursting.Animal cellorganelles knownas the contractile vacuoles would normallypump water outside of the cellto avert this da
nge
r.
3. Hypertonic Solution:
HYPERmeans more. Thus Ahypertonic solution isa solution thatcontains more solute orsalt moleculesoutside the cellthan inside the cell.This would normallyresultto waterbeing taking outside of the
cell.
In plantcells, the central vacuoleloses water to the surroundingleading to the shrinkage of the cells and wilting ofthe plant.
In animal cells, this also results to the shrinkage of the cell.The situation couldlead to deathboth inplantand animal cell.
This is why it is unsafe to drinksea water . Dehydration would normallybe hastened up by intake of salty water. This is also why “salting farm lands is a common war practice with the aim of causing the deathof crops inthe farm to createfamine.
Diffusion and Osmosis are both types of passive transport. What this means is thatto transportmaterials inand out of the cellthrougheither osmosis or diffusion, there is noenergy requirement.
Occasionally, big molecules are unable to pass throughthe plasma membrane, and are assisted to pass across by carrier proteins. This process is referred to asa facilitated diffusion.
Diffusion is which is the net movement of a substance like an atom, ion or molecule froma region of high concentrationto a region oflow concentrationcan as well be defined as the movementof a substance down a concentrationgradient.
A gradient is an alteration inthe value of a quantity like concentration, pressure and temperature with the change inanother variable like distance.
For instance, analteration ina concentrationacross a distance is referred to asa concentrationgradient. An alteration inthe pressure across a distance is referred to asa pressure gradient while analteration in temperature througha distance is referred to asa temperature gradient.
The word diffusion is obtained from the Latin word, “diffundere”, which means “to disperse”. If a substance is being dispersed, it is being transported from a region of highconcentrationto a region of low concentration.
A distinctive characteristic of diffusion is thatit leads to mixing ormass transport, withoutneeding bulkmotion orbulkflow. Therefore, diffusion oughtnotto be mistaken for convection, or advections, which are othertransportphenomena thatmake use of bulkflow to transportparticles from one place to another.
Osmosis on the otherhand is the spontaneousnet movementof solvent molecules via partly permeable membrane intoa region of higher solute concentration, inthe direction thathave the tendencyof equalizing the solute concentrations onthe either sides.
The osmotic pressure is used to explain the pressure needed to sustain equilibrium without any net movement of solvent.Osmotic pressure is a colligative property. This means that the osmotic pressure depends onthe molar of the solute but notonits characteristics.
In biological systems generally, biological membranes are semipermeable and are notpermeable to bigger and polar molecules, like ions, proteins, and polysaccharides. They are only permeable to non-polarand/or hydrophobic molecules suchas lipids and small molecules suchas oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and nitric oxide.
Permeability of materials across the cellmembrane depends onsolubility, charge, or chemistry, in addition to the size of the solute.Water molecules pass throughthe plasma membrane, tonoplast membrane (vacuole) or protoplastby diffusing across the phospholipid bilayer throough aquaporins.
This means small trans-membrane proteinscomparable to those incharge of facilitated diffusion and ion channels.Osmosis makes available the key way throughwhich water is transportedinand outof cells.
The turgor pressure ofa cellis principally maintained by osmosis crosswise the cellmembrane stuck between the cellcenter and its comparatively hypotonic environment.

diagrams refusing to upload

for more educative posts like this goto www.globestand.

PERIODIC CHEMISTRY

The periodic table is a table showing the elements prearranged in order of increasing atomic number, in accordance with the periodic law. In the periodic table, elements that have related chemical properties and electronic structures are placed in vertical columns known as the groups.

Periodicity of the elements

Periodicity is one among the basic aspects of the elements in the periodic table.

What Is Periodicity?

Periodicity of elements means the persistent trends that are visible in the properties of element. These trends that exist in the property of elements became noticeable to Mendeleev when he prearranged the elements in the periodic table order of increasing mass. From the properties that were displayed by the recognized elements, it was easy for Mendeleev to foretell where there were “breaks” in his table, or elements that were not yet discovered.

The contemporary periodic table is extremely related to Mendeleev's table, but in the present day elements are prearranged in the order of increasing atomic number, which showcases the number of protons in an atom. There are no unidentified elements; even though fresh elements can be formed which have even larger numbers of protons.

The Periodic Properties are enumerated below:

1. Ionization energy – Ionization energy is energy needed to remove an electron from an ion or gaseous atom.

2. Atomic radius – Atomic radius is the distance between the centers of two atoms that are in close relationship with each other.

3. Electronegativity – This is a measure of the ability of an atom to form a chemical bond

4. Electron affinity –This is an ability of an atom to accept an electron

Periodic Trends or Periodicity

The periodicity of the above properties follows trends as you go across a row or period on the periodic table or down a column or group on the periodic table.

While moving from Left to Right-across the period

• Ionization Energy Increases

• Electronegativity Increases

• Atomic Radius Decreases

While moving Top to Bottom-down the group

• Ionization Energy Decreases

• Electronegativity Decreases

• Atomic Radius Increases

The definition of the Periodic Law

The Periodic Law states that the physical and chemical properties of elements in the periodic table reappear in a methodical and conventional way when the elements are prearranged in order of increasing atomic number.


The elements of the first transition series

Even though the transition elements have a lot of broad chemical similarities, every one of them has a thorough chemistry of its own. The adjoining relationships are typically found amongst the three elements in every vertical group of the periodic table, even though inside every group, the element of the first series typically varies more from the rest two than they vary from each other. The majority of the first series elements are more recognizable and theoretically significant than the heavier members of their vertical group.

A small number of the chemical trends among the elements of the first transition series may be capsulated.

1. Titanium to manganese exhibits the highest oxidation state, which is normally found among oxo compounds, fluorides, or chlorides and corresponds to the total number of 3d and 4s electrons in the atom. The stability of this uppermost oxidation state decreases from titanium in the +4 state to manganese in the +7 state. Next to manganese—ie among iron, cobalt, and nickel, oxidation states related to the loss of all 3d and 4s electrons do not take place; higher oxidation states generally turn out to be increasingly more complicated to reach because the growing nuclear charge makes the 3d electrons to be additionally securely bound. It is only the following elements that exhibits very high oxidation states - chromium (+5, +6 states), manganese (+5, +6, +7 states), and iron (+5, +6 states) and with the exception of fluorides, such as chromium pentafluoride, CrF5 (where the chromium is in the +5 state), and chromium hexafluoride, CrF6 (where chromium is in the +6 state), and oxofluorides like manganese trioxide fluoride, MnO3F (occur with manganese in the +7 state), the most important chemistry in these variable oxidation states is that of oxo anions such as permanganate, MnO4− (+7 state); chromate, CrO42− (+6 state); and ferrate, FeO42−(+6 state). Every one of these compounds is very good oxidizing agent.

2. The oxides of the entire element become more acidic as the oxidation number increases, and the halides become more covalent and able to easily undergo hydrolysis.

3
. In the oxo anions that are mostly found in the higher oxidation states, the metal atom is tetrahedrally bordered by oxygen atoms, while in the oxides created in the lower oxidation states, the atoms are typically octahedrally synchronized.

4. In the oxidation states of +2 and +3, complexes in aqueous solution or in crystals is typically four, five or six step.

5. Oxidation states less than +2 are not regularly found in the chemistries of the transition elements, apart for copper although it could be found in all the elements through the use of ligands like that of carbon monoxide.

The group 7 elements (The halogens)

Elements of group 7 are as well known as the halogens. They consist of fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. All of them have seven valence electrons in their outside shell.

In a displacement reaction, a less reactive element is displaced by a more reactive element.

The group 7 elements are put in the vertical column second from right in the periodic table.

Chlorine, bromine and iodine are the three Group 7 elements that are mostly available in the secondary school. Fluorine is excessively reactive and cannot easily be produced and preserved in the school. Reaction of Group 1 elements reacts with group 7 element to form salt and because these, they are known as ('salt formers').

Properties and uses of the halogens

The table summarizes some of the properties and uses of three halogens.

Group 7 element Properties Typical use

Chlorine Green gas Sterilising water

Bromine Orange liquid Making pesticides and plastics

Iodine Grey solid Sterilising wounds

Iodine forms a purple vapour when it is warmed.

Group 7 properties

The halogens are diatomic which means that they exist as molecules, each with one pair of atoms. The formulas for their molecules are written as Cl2, bromine Br2 and iodine I2.

Physical properties of halogens

The halogens show trends in their physical properties down the group.

Melting point and boiling point

The halogens or elements of group 7 have low melting points and boiling points. This is a characteristic property of non-metals. Fluorine has the smallest melting point and boiling point. The melting points and boiling points of halogens starting form flouring increases down the group.

Melting and boiling points of Group 7 elements

State of the halogens at room temperature

25°C is normally considered as the room temperature. At this particular temperature, fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine and astatine are solids. There is for that reason a trend in state from gas to liquid to solid as you move down the group.

The Colour of the halogen

The halogens happen to be darker as you move down the group. Fluorine is extremely pale yellow, chlorine is yellow-green, and bromine is red-brown. Iodine crystals are glossy purple - but they when they are heated up, they easily change into a dark purple vapour.

Predictions

When we can see a trend in the properties of some of the elements in a group, you can likely calculate the properties of other elements in that group. Astatine is placed after iodine in Group 7. The colour of halogens turns darker as you move down the group. Iodine is purple colour, and, as we would imagine, astatine is black-coloured.

The Halogens are commonly non–metals. 'Halogens' means 'salt formers' and the most widespread compound is sodium chloride which can be found naturally in the form of deposits of 'rock salt' or the much more abundantly as the 'sea salt' in the seas and oceans.

The reason Why the melting points and boiling points of Group 7 elements increase with atomic number or down the group

This increase in melting/boiling points down Group 7 is as a result of the increasing weak electrical intermolecular attractive forces that occur with an increase in the size of atom or molecule.

In general, the greater the number of electrons in a molecule, the greater the force of attraction that exist between the molecules.

A table showing the properties of group 7

Symbol and Name Atomic Number Electron arrangement State and colour at room temperature and pressure Melting point Boiling point atom radius pm
F Fluorine 9 2.7 pale yellow gas –219oC, 54K –188oC, 85K 64
Cl Chlorine 17 2.8.7 pale green gas –101oC, 172K –34oC, 239K 99
Br Bromine 35 2.8.18.7 dark red liquid –7oC, 266K 59oC, 332K 114
I Iodine 53 2.8.18.18.7 dark (black) crumbly solid 114oC, 387K 184oC, 457K 133
• The halogens are all poor conductors of heat and electricity – characteristics of non–metals.

• When they are in the solid state, they are brittle and crumbly example. iodine.

• The density increases down Group 7.

• The size of the atom gets bigger down Group 7 as more inner electron shells are filled going down from one period to another.

Chemical features, similarities, and physical property and reactivity trends

1. The atoms all have 7 outer electrons, this outer electron similarity, just like any other Group in the Periodic Table, gives them a very similar chemical properties.

2. They form a single charged negative ions e.g. chloride Cl– because they are one electron less than that of a noble gas electron structure. They only need to gain one negative electron (reduction) to be stable and this gives them a surplus electric charge of –1. These ions formed by the halogens are known as the halide ions, two other halide ions are called the bromide Br–and iodide I– ions.

3. They form ionic compounds with metals e.g. sodium chloride Na+Cl–.

4. The Halogens form covalent compounds with non–metals and with themselves.

5. The bonding in the molecule of halogen compound involves single covalent bonds like the hydrogen chloride HCl or H–Cl.

Important things to note when naming halogen compounds:

When joined with other elements to form simple compounds, the name of the halogen element alters a little from ...ine to ...ide.

Fluorine forms a fluoride (ion F–), chlorine forms a chloride (ion Cl–), bromine a bromide (ion Br–) and iodine an iodide (ion I–).

The other element at the beginning of the compound name like the hydrogen, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and so on remains unaltered.

So archetypal halogen compounds are named as follows:

• Potassium fluoride, hydrogen chloride, sodium chloride, calcium bromide, magnesium iodide and so on.

The elements of group 7 all exist as diatomic molecules ie X2 or X–X, where X stands for the halogen atom.

A halogen that is more reactive displaces a less reactive one from its salts.

(pics and table refusing to upload)

for more educative posts like this go to www.globestsnd.

HEAT
DEFINITION
Total Kinetic energyof a body is known as HEAT.
OR
Transferof energyfrom a hot body to a cold one is termed as Heat.
Heat is measured by usingan measurement centimeter.
UNITS
Since heat is a force of energy therefore its unit is Joule (J).
TEMPERATURE
DEFINITION
The average kinetic energyof a body is known as Temperature.
OR
The quantitative determinationof degree of hotness may be termed as Temperature.
SCALES OF TEMPERATURE
There are three main scalesof temperature.
1. Celsius Scale
2. Fahrenheit Scale
3. Kelvin Scale
Celsius and Fahrenheit scales are alsoknown as Scalesof Graduation.
1. Celsius Scale
The melting point ofice and boiling point ofwater at standard pressure (76cm of Hg) taken to be two fixed points.On the Celsius (centigrade) scale the interval between these two fixed points is divided into hundred equal parts.Each part thus represents one degree Celsius (1°C). This scale was suggested by Celsius in 1742.
Mathematically,
°C =K – 273
OR
°C =5/9 (°F – 32)
2. Fahrenheit Scale
The melting point ofice and boiling ofwater at standard pressure (76cm of Hg) are takento be two fixed points. On Fahrenheit scale the lower fixed point is marked 32 and upperfixed point 212.The interval between them is equally divided into 180parts.Each part represents one degree Fahrenheit (1°F).
Mathematically,
°F =9/5 (°C + 32)
3. Kelvin Scale
The lowest temperature on Kelvin Scaleis -273°C. Thus 0° on Celsius scalewillbe 273on Kelvin scale written as 273K and 100on Celsius scalewillbe 373K. The size of Celsius and Kelvin scales are same.
Mathematically,
K =°C +273
THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM
Heat flows fromhot body to cold body till thetemperature of the bodiesbecomes same,then they are said tobe in ThermalEquilibrium.
THERMAL EXPANSION
DEFINITION
The phenomenon due to which solidexperiencea change in its length,volumeor area onheatingis known as ThermalExpansion.
Explanation
If we supply some amount of heat to any substance then size or shape of the substance willincrease. This increment is known as Thermal Expansion.Thermal expansion is due to the increment of the amplitudes of the molecules.
Types of Thermal Expansion
There are three types of Thermal Expansion.
1. Linear Expansion
2. SuperficialExpansion
3. Volumetric Expansion.

The original post is too long to post here, the rest is at www.globestand.

RUCTURE OF THE ATOM

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Atoms are fundamental building blocks of matter that cannot be further divided by any chemical means. What are elements?

Elements are constituents of matter. There are 92 natural elements. Elements like hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen are elements that make up the majority of living things. Other groups of element that exist in living things are: magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium.

Many elements were discovered before the late 1800’s. A Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev then proposed an arrangement of elements based on their atomic masses. In the modern time, elements are no longer arranged based on their atomic masses but according to their atomic numbers.

The word atom is a derivative of the Greek word atom which means undividable. The Greeks came to a conclusion that matter could be further divided into particles that are too tiny to be seen with the naked eye. These tiny indivisible particles of matter were referred to as atoms.

An atom is made up of three types of particles:

• Protons

• Neutrons, and

• Electron
To be continued

(The second part is already on www.globestand.)

I will post them though if I have the time

iameugene:
Ino dey merit list o but i go carry my documents come do merit screening God says try ur luck

Abeg give us feedback, for those of us who go like try

nwaanambra1:
very stupid dumb answer!

how can u just fly in 100 from no where and dump in the equation when no value is given to any of the Zeros!

it must be a Nigeria engineer that did dis trashy calculation - that is why majority of houses and bridges they construct collapses before completion and, roads riddled with potholes 3 months after construction.

mumu + mumu = m2!

Karmanaut:
There is no ingenuity in stupidity.
The "proof" is actually a mathematical fallacy

100-100=0 na, everything makes sense, you just fall your math's teacher's hand.

ps3o:
if u have got one, then search for ram expander in play store or in search engine

OK, thanks

ps3o:
buy an memory card and slot it into your phone.

Can't I use the memory card I'm already using?

Can't I use the memory card I'm already using?

new study has found that 100 per cent of participants taking Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) prevention pill remained infection free.
The study conducted at Kaser Permanente in San Francisco, United States (U.S.) involved more than 600 high-risk individuals, most of whom were men who have sex with men. These individuals were healthy at the time of enrollment and were put on a daily regimen of a blue pill called Truvada as a pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
Lead author Jonathan Volk, a physician and epidemiologist at Kaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical Center, described the study as “the first to extend the understanding of the use of PrEP in a real-world setting and suggests that the treatment may prevent new HIV infections even in a high-risk setting.”
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says that PrEP has been shown to reduce the risk of HIV infection by up to 92 percent when taken consistently but is much less effective when taken inconsistently. In one key study, called PROUD that included men who have sex with men in Britain, the risk was reduced by 86 percent.
In this study, 100 percent of the participants remained HIV-free. That’s right, not a single person in the study, published in Clinical Infectious Diseases, became infected while on the drug during the study period that included 2.5 years of observation.
“Tremendously good news,” University of California-San Francisco researchers Kimberly A. Koester and Robert M. Grant (one of Time’s most influential people of 2012 forhis work in AIDS) said of the results in a commentary accompanying the publication of the study.
Not long after the Food and Drug Administration first approved the drug for preventive HIV use in 2012, the Los Angeles-based AIDS Healthcare Foundation derided it as a “party drug” and warned that high-risk individuals would use it instead of condoms — raising the risk of transmission of other sexually transmitted diseases. #Truvadawhore went viral. But as more studies have come out showing how well it appears to protect against HIV, many of those critics appear to be turning around.
Koester and Grant emphasized that despite the promising findings in the Kaiser study many questions still remain, a number of them practical in nature.
“What proportion of the population vulnerable to HIV will take a pill a day to prevent it? How will costs of the medication and clinic visits be paid for?” they asked. “Assuming people are willing to use PrEP and can access PrEP, will they take the medication as directed? Will uptake and use be higher or lower among those at higher risk? Will people place themselves at higher risk or HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as a consequence of using PrEP?”
The pair said it wasn’t clear from the study if the reported rate of sexually transmitted infections in the study is an increase or not and that further investigation is needed. They recommended that Truvada be combined with a parallel plan to prevent other Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), which may include the use of condoms, more frequent testing and discussions with prospective partners.
Meanwhile, Nigeria is in a process of commencing a study on PrEP and Treatment as Prevention (TasP).
Nigeria is going into the study through the National Agency for the Control of AIDS, NACA, because of its immense positive effects on the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the country.
Until now, multiple studies have established that anti-retroviral drugs could be used to reduce the rate of infection in a population in two different ways, known by the acronyms PrEP and TasP.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP, is a procedure for people who do not have HIV but who are at substantial risk of contracting the virus to prevent HIV infection by taking a pill every day. The pill (brand name Truvada), which contains two medicines (tenofovir and emtricitabine) were used in combination with other medicines to treat HIV. When so
www.globestand.

pls. how do i expand the usable internal memory of myphone and its ram. i used king root to root it

The National Space Research and Development Agency NASRDA, has said there will be a Lunar Eclipse on Sept. 28 which will be observed in Nigeria. Deputy Director.

Deputy Director. Media and Corporate Communications of the agency, Mr Felix Ale said the lunar eclipse would begin on Monday, Sept. 28 from 1:11am, and will be at its maximum by 3:47 am, with its final contact at 6:22am.



According to the statement Lunar eclipse is an astronomical event that occurs when the earth comes in-between the sun and the moon, and the earth casts its shadow on the moon, so that the moon appears reddish.



“ The lunar eclipse which is also called the blood moon will be observed in some regions around the world.



“Some of the regions seeing at least some parts of the eclipse include, Europe, South/East Asia, Africa, much of North America, much of South America, Pacific, Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Arctic, and Antarctica,“ it said.



It said, the lunar eclipse would be viewed in Nigeria especially in locations with the absence of cloud cover.



“Furthermore, the lunar eclipse will be visible in Abuja, and would begin from 1:11am, with total eclipse at 3:47am, and end by 6:22am.



“Nigerians are advised not to panic, and to go about their normal activities as it is just an astronomical event which will last for 5 hours 11 minutes,“ the agency said.
https://globestand./2015/09/10/lunar-eclipse-in-nigeria-on-28-september/

FP

Deme98:
Funny you , it has been removed from their website since 5pm yesterday

Yeah, I've printed the form, but it's submission that remains, can I still do that.

Pls can I still do the change of course, someone said it can still be submitted before friday

It is the same, how pls

Pls how do I get to the digital learning center from iyana paja, urgent pls

he Ogbonnas Newly-wedded actor and model, IK Ogbonna and his Colombian-born wife,Sonia Morales, talk about their interracial marriageHow did you meet?Sonia:We met through a mutual friend, Oma Iyasara. She was certain we would make a perfect couple.What attracted you to each other?Sonia:I was attracted to his confidentpersonality aside from the fact that he is determined and knows what he wants out of life.IK:My last relationship had just ended and my friend who is also an actress told me about Sonia who shemet on Instagram. I maintained that Iwas not interested until she showed me Sonia’s picture. That singular actaroused my curiosity and I was determined to become friends with her. I sent her a friend request whichshe accepted. Soon after, we began exchanging messages. Two months after we started chatting, she visited Nigeria forthe first time.Did you court for long?IK:We started dating before she visited me in Nigeria and got marriedsoon after she was delivered of our baby,Ace.Howdid he propose to you?Sonia:It happened during one of our trips. He managed to surprise me in the most romantic and old-fashioned way. He literally made me cry and I am not a very romantic person.Did the difference in your nationalities pose a problem?Sonia:He is a Nigerian while I am from Colombia. When we started talking, he was in Lagos and I was in Paris. Even though our backgrounds,cultures and languages differ, I didn’tfeel it would be pose a problem. If you are destined to get married to a particular person, God will ensure the prophesy is fulfilled. There is nothing you or anybody can do to change it.Did your parents oppose your relationship?Sonia:My parents love IK like they love me. Without sounding boastful, he is a good man and he has a kind heart. Sometimes, I even feel my parents pay him way too much attention.IK:My parents fell in love with her thefirst time they spoke to her on phone. Now that you are married, do you plan to relocate to Nigeria?Sonia:I have lived in different parts ofthe world and living in Nigeria wouldn’t be a problem. I am always able to learn and adjust very fast. Above and beyond, I love my husband’s country. As long as I havemy family with me, I am comfortable anywhere in the world.How do you cope with the demands of his career?Sonia:I understand the nature of his job and he usually seeks my opinion before doing anything. At the end of the day, we play for the same team. His success is my success.What would you like to change aboutyour spouse?Sonia:Loving someone genuinely includes your ability to accept your partner’s imperfections. Nobody will refute your good sides but it takes that special person to understand, know and accept your flaws. I am happy with the way he is.IK:I don’t wish to change anything about her. I’m comfortable with the way she is.Do you have access to his phone and social media accounts?Sonia:We don’t spy on each other because there is no reason to do so. A relationship that lacks trust can be equated to being in prison and agony.IK:I have neither scrolled through herphone nor given her a reason to spy on me. I know her password and sheknows mine.How do you ward off ladies now that you are married?IK:I have always been lavished with attention by the opposite sex since I was a child. Becoming an actor has increased the level of attention I receive from females. They don’t even care whether I am married or not. It is up to me to be responsible and stay married which is just what I am going to do.How has fatherhood impacted on you?IK:In life you move from one stage to the next and each stage comes with a different set of responsibilities. Now that I have a son, I realise that I have to be a role model, mentor and friend to him. As such, I have to thinkcarefully about my utterances and actions so that I do not set a bad precedence. Aside from this, I have to work harder so that I can earn more. If I was charging N1m before, now I would charge N2m because I am now responsible for my son’s wellbeing. Do you plan to have an elaborate celebration in future to commemorate your wedding?IK:Yes, we would have an elaborate wedding before the end of the year or early next year. My wife is a Latin American but she is also a naturalised citizen of Serbia. I travelled to Serbia to meet with her parents and we had a court wedding.We have not had a proper wedding because she was pregnant and was recently delivered of a baby. I need her to recover from childbirth.How do you spend time together as a family?IK:Because my wife loves chocolate and ice cream, we visit ice-cream parlours. We like to hang out together and if I am going to be on set for a long time; she stays with me at the hotel. We are a very religious couple so we do not miss church. When we are at home, we cook and play computer games together.Would you have married an actress?IK:Man proposes but God disposes. Left to me, the thought of getting married to anactress has never crossed my mind. I can’t imagine getting married to an actress and she has to play a role where she has to kiss my friend. That is not to say I have never dated an actress. When I was dating an actress, I did not knowwhere the relationship was headed which was a big issue because I like to define everything I do. I don’t wantto waste anybody’s time.

https://globestand./2015/07/19/i-dont-check-my-wifes-phone/?_e_pi_=7%2CPAGE_ID10%2C6856806225

aultiple award winning pop star, Davido has reacted to the news making the rounds that the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency, NDLEA is planning to investigate his controversial new Fans Mi video, saying ” No Shaking.”The video was alleged to be promoting drugs trafficking, nudity, fraud and violence. Speaking exclusively ,before the MAMA awards kicked off, Davido said his new video is not promoting any drugs abuse, adding that he is not afraid of NDLEA and that, “Nothing will happen.

https://globestand./2015/07/19/davido-speaks-on-ndlea-treat/?_e_pi_=7%2CPAGE_ID10%2C7053178457

tThe Director, Defence Information, Maj. Gen. Chris Olukolade, has said itis the belief in military circles that the Bring-Back-Our-Girls campaigners have concluded plans to destroy the careers and reputationof a select group of military officers in the country. Olukolade said specifically that the organisation, campaigning for the release of the over 200 girls abducted by the members of the Boko Haram sect in April 2014, has picked him and others as targets for such destructive intentions.The defence spokesman’s comments were contained in a letter he wrote to the Coordinator of the#BBOG and former Minister of Education, Mrs. Orby Ezekwesili, which was released as an attachment to a PR Nigeria Electronic mailon Sunday. The letter, which was released without a date, was copied Mrs. Hadiza Bala Usman,Mrs. Bukky Sonibare and the President of the Nigeria Union of Journalists.The Defence spokesman also alleged that some “charlatans”, who are among the#BBOG campaigners, were out to tarnish the image of the military because of envy. He said a prominent member of the group had been involved in a hate campaign against him and the military and was indeed using the platform of the campaign to pursue his plans. He said, “Indeed, I am also conscious of the enormous power you wield. The belief is that your organisation has the determination to ruin the name, career, and reputation of some targeted military officers among whom I have been specifically marked for such cruel treatment.“I can only leave such matter to God and the good judgment of the peoplewho read or hear you. I am so sure I will enjoy the blessing of being vindicated at last.”Olukolade also faulted the group’s accusation that the military had not followed best practices in the operation, and the tendency to compare the NigerianArmy with other armies, as unfair as unfair. He stressed that it was not possible for two military operations to be conducted the same way as the operations must reflect field realities. He added that the claim by members of the #BBOG that the military operation in the North-East lacked transparency was either not being made in good faith or theyare not well informed.The Defence spokesman said the military had ensured nobody was restrained from accessing the operational area except those involved in “undue interference withsafety and operational environment”. He submitted that the claim of the BBOG campaigners that military was engaged in deception was untrue and meant to discredit the security forces.Olukolade debunk the assertion of the group that the military had credibility issues, describing it as theopinion of those behind a hate campaign against theArmed Forces and not the prevailing opinion of Nigerians.

https://globestand./2015/07/19/bbog-determined-to-tarnish-our-image-olukolade/?_e_pi_=7%2CPAGE_ID10%2C4079817919

Missing Nigerian schoolgirls kidnapped by Boko Haram have beenbrainwashed into killing and torturing the terror group’s other prisoners, it has been revealed.Other women who were captured by the Islamist group claim they were held in the same camp as some of the kidnapped school girls, who are now carrying out killings on behalf oftheir captors.Amnesty International said it is aware that out of the 276 girls abducted from from their boarding school by the Islamist groups more than a year ago, some of 219still missing have been forced to fight forBoko Haram.One 17-year-old witness told BBC Panorama that after she was captured by Boko Haram, she was told she would become the wife of one of the militants. When she refused, they slit the throats of four men in front of her – and said she would suffer the same fate if she did not co-operate. The teenager went on to marry a Boko Haram member, was repeatedly raped and is now pregnant with his child.She said some of the Chilbok schoolgirls were held in the same camp as her, and they urged her to comply with their terrorist captors – and killed Christian men in front of her.“They were Christian men. They [the Boko Haram fighters] forced the Christians to lie down. Then the girls cut their throats,” the unidentified teen said.“You women should learn from your husbands because they are giving their blood for the cause. We must also go to war for Allah.”The statements made by the 17-year-old were not independently verified. She has now successfully fled the group after six months in captivity.Human rights activists at Amnesty International said their own researchuncovered evidence that a number ofthe Chibok schoolgirls were now fighting for Boko Haram. The Islamist terror group has abducted thousands of women and girls in recent years. Earlier this week it was reported two teenage girls, who killed at least 30 people in a twin suicide bomb attacks in Nigeria, were feared to have been Boko Haram captives who were forced to blow themselves up.

globestand.

This article was written by Babajide Alabi of the vanguard newspaper.

Many people had asked me in recent pSt what I think about the growth of Nigerian churches in the United Kingdom. To be honest I had not given this a thought before, but I know majority of the people I encounter on this subject seemed agitatedor sort of discomfort by what they refer to as “black churches”.
Everyday in the UK one brand new Nigerian church springs up. I am delighted by this growth. Not for anything outrageous though, but they give me and many Nigerians the alternative to a traditional white church. These new churches offer me and many other Nigerians the opportunity to “feel at home” on Sunday while I sing songs that I grew up with and also dance to the talking drum during the offering or thanksgiving sessions. They also allow me the luxury of listening to “powerful” songs booming through the speakers without any threat from neighbours.
I am not alone in this thinking. Like many Nigerian Christians visiting UK or staying for a while, the first desire is to find a church where they can mix and mingle with their fellow country men and women. Our instinct abroad is more liberal, relationship-wise, than at home, making it easy for us to so “flow” with each other, not minding the language or ethnicity.“Church relationship” has not always been easy as this in the UK.
Arriving in the ancient city of Edinburgh on a cold Saturday morning in 2003 I remember looking forward to worshipping in any church the following day as there was no Redeemed Christian Church of God, the Winners Chapel or any other Nigerian church in the city then. I could not contain my excitement as I and my family joined the congregants for worship at the only black church on Leith Street. It was not a Nigerian church, but no doubt, it felt like one. The Praise and Worship session was done in different African songs it’s lots of vigorous Dane steps. The warm welcome we received “kept us” till later in the year when the RCCG commenced Sunday services at the OdeonCentre, Wester Hailes. Soon the Odeon Centre became the rallying point for Nigerians living in the city – to worship and also socialise. It did not take long though before other black churches sprang up in Edinburgh built around the model of the RCCG.
It should be noted, however, that these churches not only satisfy the social needs of the diasporans, but also help to a greater extent in re-igniting the fire of Christianity in a nation that was once reputed to be its flag bearer. The gains of these new generation black churches cannot be denied as you see them in everycorner of the cities of UK and are now an integral part of the history of Christianity in the country. You can therefore imagine my excitement as I sat in the audience in Manchester City on Friday under the ministration of the General Overseer, RCCG Worldwide, Pastor Enoch Adeboye. This was not my first attendance at the Festival of Life in the UK,but at every visit I cannot but marvel at the influence the RCCG has gained in the country. As Daddy GO came on the stage, I looked at the excited faces of people around me. They were all full of expectations. The FOL always produce a serene sort of atmosphere where individuals throw aside the garbs of pretence or pride that is usually associated with Diasporans.
One worrying fact for me every time I attend FOL is that these events are mainly populated by blacks. The Manchester meeting was no exception. There were a few white people in the audience but at an event that has become worldwide a first time attendee may be left wondering why the composition of the audience was lopsided. The largest concentration of white or light coloured people in the hall were the hired security, audio-visual and the technical staff. I am aware that the seeming lack of interest of the white population in these black churches is of great concern to church leaders in the UK. One tends to wonder if the brand of Christianity that is preached in these churches sound different from what an average white person would be interested in. Or is it the “modus operandi” of the services?One thing that is clear is Christianity is waning fast in popularity among the “native” population.
In the UK as obtained in other developed countries of the world, there are new gods that people serve religiously. They are drugs, homosexualism, sodomy, money, alcohol etc. These ‘gods” have replaced the love of God in their hearts and therefore no thought for the religion of their forefathers.
Events such as FOL are organised to help the country find its way back to God. The crowd ., come in with one expectation or the other. Many had come to Manchester for the first time to see and hear the famed “Daddy GO” who the Prime Minister David Cameron had sought out for prayers at the April 2015 London’s Festival of Life, just before the May 2015 General Elections. To an average Christian in the UK, Pastor Adeboye is no stranger as he is reputed to pastor the fastest growing denomination in the country. In every city, from Scotland to Wales, England to Northern Ireland there is at least a parish of the church. The total number of parishes of RCCG in the UK is put at over seven hundred. No other church has such network of parishes. When David Cameron sought the “audience” of the FOL, London “attendees”,he fully realised the “power” that could be bestowed upon him in such gathering. Although the visit was meant to be low keyed, there was no doubt that it was a campaign strategy by Tory party campaign team, considering the number of potential ethnic minority voters that Cameron could appeal to. And judging by the audiences’ claps of “approval” many did include Cameron’s re-election among their prayer requests for the night. The RCCG, is the “door opener” for thousands of other ethnic-minority controlled churches that spring up daily in UK cities. However, the iconic church buildings are gradually becoming “extinct” in the country as some have been pulled down while the surviving ones are now homes to pubs, clubs and exhibition centres. On the other hand, the emerging black churches are finding productive uses for abandoned warehouses. These churches are different from the types that the likes of Camerons grew up to know andrecognise. The big churches with slate roofs, large spires, pews and pulpits are allgone. With the advent of the black churches Cameron had a rethink as he told Daddy GO, “you’ve proved that church is people, church is a family, and it doesn’t matter what the roof is made of, because with your energy, your devotion, your love of Jesus Christ, you raise that roof every time.”While these “black churches are growing, the challenge right now is how to get the indigenous people to become part of them. Without success in this area, it will continue to be a congregation of Nigerians or Africans with nostalgia for how they worship back at home
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