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A configuration file, often shortened to config file, defines the parameters, options, settings and preferences applied to operating systems (OSes), infrastructure devices and applications in an IT context.

Software and hardware devices can be profoundly complex, supporting myriad options and parameters. The operator must explicitly delineate settings and choices that are appropriate for the specifics of the data center, cloud or user environment. Configuration file information specifies, for example, where log files from an application are stored via the storage path, which plug-ins are allowed in a given program, and even the color scheme and dashboard widget preferences in a user interface (UI).

IT systems can work with a single configuration file, or break configurations into multiple files for different components of the system. For example, a complex application can rely on configuration files for UI settings, network parameters, storage parameters and other aspects that must be set up for operation. Multiple configuration files can introduce management difficulties.

The application or other system opens and reads the config file at start time, when it parses and applies each setting. Configuration options may be changed while the application runs, and take effect either immediately or upon restart when the configuration file is re-read.

Configuration file formats and syntax
Configuration files go by many names. Plain text configuration files used in Linux environments have filename extensions such as .cnf, .conf, .cfg, .cf, and .ini. Early command line operating systems such as MS-DOS relied on a single plain-text configuration file with a .sys extension, e.g., config.sys. Common modern configuration filename extensions depend on the prevailing file format, or use .config.

Some configuration files are meant to be human-readable, using plain text compatible with any common text editor. Popular scripting languages such as PHP use a plain-text file, php.ini, and Windows desktops still have a desktop.ini file to configure desktop appearances, icons and other visual characteristics.

Configuration files have largely adopted a serialization format, such as XML, YAML and JSON, to represent complex data structures in a way that is easily stored and parsed. The resulting filenames can reflect the format. For example, a configuration file in YAML format may appear such as myapplication_configuration.yaml. With this setup, administrators identify a modern configuration file by its name rather than by its extension.

Configuration file contents
Configuration file content, while often specific to the corresponding application or system, generally falls into four principal content types: comments, flags, settings, and paths.

Comments are essential to a configuration file, but they do not affect how the file behaves. Comments are the mechanism for developers to communicate intended behaviors and document important actions. For example, the.ini file format has hash and semicolons to mark comments:

# This is a comment in a typical .ini file

Flags control which options are enabled and disabled in an application or system. Flags can be enabled with a numerical one (1) or the word true, and disabled with the numerical zero (0) or the word false. For example, an Ansible configuration file allows a flag related to temporary files with true:

; allow temp files to be world readable

allow_world_readable_tmpfiles = True

In another example, the configuration file specifies whether the name of each task appears in the standard output:

; do not send task labels to the display

display_args_to_stdout = False

Settings are the assignment of constants to variable information, which enables the application to define countless operational parameters. For example, an application might use the variable server to define the IP address of the application server, and the variable port to define the communication port used by the server at the designated IP address:

; set the IP address and port for the application server

server = 192.1.2.62

port = 144

Applications routinely access locations to load or save important information such as log files or plug-ins. While default locations exist, it is common to stipulate storage devices and folder locations via paths, and even specific filenames. The application uses the preferred paths denoted in the configuration file. For example, a path can describe the drive and folder to a configuration file (called dbsettings.ini):

; location of the database config file

database_setup = “c:\\programs\\new\\dbsettings.ini”

Similarly, developers and administrators can use paths to simply delineate desired filenames. For example, a classic config.sys file can stipulate the location and name of the desired UI shell:

; the location and name of the UI shell in MS-DOS 5

shell = c:\dos\command.com

Working with configuration files
People use various tools to create and edit configuration files. Tools can help users find parameters within the file, convert to a different file format, and accomplish other tasks.

Text editors, such as Microsoft Windows Notepad and Linux's GNU nano, are some of the most common tools for editing human-readable files. Some text editors provide search and pattern matching features to help users find and change content.

Other tools specialize in file formats, such as JSON Editor Online to create and edit in the JSON format. Swagger Editor can convert YAML files to JSON. Additional editors exist for formats such as XML, TOML and so on.

To work with configuration files, implement a system of comments, testing, version control and backups. Use comments to document important activities taking place within the file, and write them in a way that others can understand. Test configuration files thoroughly and ensure that the application or system works as intended. Adopt a naming or version control convention so that configuration file editors can track changes made over time, such as the introduction of a new path for storage, and who made them. Finally, treat configuration files as critical, included in a backup scheme.

Omo these pple no go kill us oo

Lolzzzz

I don't know y pole like playing with hellfire

Rape.. Sexual abuse

I don't know why people do rape nowadays. If the girl no want u then find anoda. Or better still go to a motel abi no be so bros.

Congrat bro. Just Bleep as u like, u are welcome

dazzlingd:


When you fall out of tithe, pastor and his wife will fall out of prayers for you.

Ride on mummy, they call you mummy while you cruise in private jets and they jump okada. The real daughters and sons know themselves as they are living better lives while these poverty stricken olodos call you mummy. Who mummy epp.

Na true WHO MUMMY EPP .
GOD already knows his own people

Hmmm nairaland.. These picx has been long. Even they guy is my friend on Facebook.. And after all the girl is not his girlfriend.. Bros abeg be sure of what you write next time not to cox trouble

Use It Entirely Hands-Free

WhatsApp now has complete integration with both Siri and Google Assistant, meaning you can dictate and send messages without even having to touch your phone. All you have to do is activate your voice assistant, say “send a WhatsApp to” your contact’s name, followed by “saying -insert your message here-“. Hey, presto.

Send And Create Gifs

Yes, you can now send reaction gifs on WhatsApp too, just like messenger. They do a bloody good job of hiding it, but plugged away at the very bottom of the emoji menu is also now a link to access Giphy’s full library. What’s even cooler, if you import a video into WhatsApp and cut it down to less than 5 seconds, it automatically turns it into a GIF, making it ideal for creating gifs in just about any situation that calls for it.

Create Your Own Digital Notebook

It takes a little bit of hackery, but a bit like Slack, you can essentially open yourself up a place to store and transfer files, notes, and just about everything else without having to Bleep about with emails, Dropbox or Bluetooth. Just open group chats with one other person, kick them out (whether or not you explain to them why is up to you), and straight away you have a little corner of the internet all to yourself. You can even use WhatsApp to record voice notes into it.

Get Rid of the Blue Ticks

One of the hidden beauties of WhatsApp is that tucked away in the privacy settings lies the ability to turn off read receipts. That being said, if you’re chatting to someone who gets genuinely irked about being left on “seen” for a couple of hours, you’re probably talking to the wrong people anyway.

When you talk of the world’s richest footballers your thoughts immediately deflect to the likes of Cristiano Ronaldo , Lionel Messi and Neymar but that’s not correct ���

It’s no surprise that Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi top the charts given they both earn in excess of £350,000-per-week, though Messi recently signed a new contract worth £500,000-per-week.

However, it turns out Ronaldo isn’t technically the world’s richest football player, because somewhere in the Premier League, there’s a 19-year-old worth €20 billion. And no, that’s not a joke.

According to the Mirror, the world’s richest football player is actually Leicester City youngster Faiq Bolkiah, nephew of the Sultan of Brunei, Hassanal Bolkiah.


Faiq is an exciting winger who began his career in England with AFC Newbury, before spells at Southampton, Arsenal and Chelsea.

He’s now at Leicester currently playing for the reserves, but you need only look at his Instagram account to see what kind of lifestyle he leads.


Faiq’s father, Jefri Bolkiah, reportedly used to spend £35 million a MONTH on luxury cars, watches and white gold pens.

His car collection, which currently stands at 2,300, is unlike anything you’ve ever heard of, including Ferraris, Rolls-Royces and Bentleys.

And when Jefri turned 50, he paid Michael Jackson £12.5 million to perform a private concert at a stadium he had built just for the event. Wow.


Despite his wealth and status, he still chose to play football for his own personal fleshy reasons, that’s called Loyalty. He even started from the scratch, that’s hard work. He deserves some accolades.

So guys �

Whats Your Take On This?
Let’s hear from you all.

Drop your comments.











Omo see ***

If sa they dey pass life I for tell am make him pass me that one before e go waste am for nothing

What a great father you are

Na wetin u just sea use naija money dey do be that

Hmmmm jah help us

Hmmmm 9ja even go better sha

Hmm God save am

These girl no go kill herself o with all these shit weyshe dry do so

Pizza u sure say davido go go

R. I. P

See he she be like monkey senior sister

Aveg say naija fit still better like these

Mtcheeew... Na these one una call hot.. No be only hot

I don't Blane her.. Cos all women are all easy to get.. Just CRACK CODES that's all BYE BYE

Omo abeg make I comot here before una corrupt me

2gb is ok

Hmmmm pre wedding here and there.. Abeg make una no post pre breakup soon ooo

Is it still working?

How sure are you Mr poster