₦airaland Forum

Omo fowl and ram self get hope oo

Lagos is building
Ibadan is building motorcycle garage
I wonder what is the difference

Can I get mstower software from you

EngrBouss:
Contact me for all of the above listed software products on 07087210933. Up-to-date software with comprehensive training tutorials (PDF and videos). You can click on my profile for more details

Providing these services since 2015.

Thanks

I sue you reason am well.
Them think say we all Na Mumu
Tracking with phone number and you can't track bandit kidnappers. Make we just sell the country to Ghana

Tolexander:
They could as well use this tactics to track the bandits going on ethnic cleansing in Kaduna state

arkdiggs:
A variety of Non Destructive Testing (NDT) methods have been developed or are under development for investigating and evaluating concrete structures. These methods are aimed at estimation of strength and other properties; monitoring and assessing corrosion; measuring crack size and cover; assessing grout quality; detecting defects and identifying relatively more vulnerable areas in concrete structures.
Many of NDT methods used for concrete testing have their origin to the testing of more homogeneous, metallic system. These methods have a sound scientific basis, but heterogeneity of concrete makes interpretation of results somewhat difficult. There could be many parameters such as materials, mix, workmanship and environment, which influence the results of measurements. Moreover, these tests measure some other property of concrete (e.g. hardness) and the results are interpreted to assess a different property of concrete e.g. strength, which is of primary interest.
Thus, interpretation of results is very important and difficult job where generalization is not possible.
As such, operators can carry out tests but interpretation of results must be left to experts having experience and knowledge of application of such non-destructive tests.
Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete (NDT on Concrete)

What is Non Destructive Test?

Non Destructive test is a method of testing existing concrete structures to assess the strength and durability of concrete structure. In the non-destructive method of testing, without loading the specimen to failure (i.e. without destructing the concrete) we can measure strength of concrete. Now days this method has become a part of quality control process.
This method of testing also helps us to investigate crack depth, micro cracks and deterioration of concrete.

Non-destructive testing of concrete is a very simple method of testing but it requires skilled and experienced persons having some special knowledge to interpret and analyze test results.


Purpose of Non-destructive Tests:

The non-destructive evaluation techniques are being increasingly adopted in concrete structures for the following purposes:

(i) Estimating the in-situ compressive strength

(ii) Estimating the uniformity and homogeneity

(iii) Estimating the quality in relation to standard requirement

(iv) Identifying areas of lower integrity in comparison to other parts

(v) Detection of presence of cracks, voids and other imperfections

(vi) Monitoring changes in the structure of the concrete which may occur with time

(vii) Identification of reinforcement profile and measurement of cover, bar diameter, etc.

(viii) Condition of prestressing/reinforcement steel with respect to corrosion

(ix) Chloride, sulphate, alkali contents or degree of carbonation

(x) Measurement of Elastic Modulus

(xi) Condition of grouting in prestressing cable



Different Methods of Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete

Various non-destructive methods of testing concrete have been developed to analyze properties of hardened concrete, which are given below.

1. Surface Hardness Test

These are of indentation type, include the Williams testing pistol and impact hammers, and are used only for estimation of concrete strength.

2. Rebound Hammer Test

The rebound hammer test measures the elastic rebound of concrete and is primarily used for estimation of concrete strength hand for comparative investigation.

3. Penetration and Pullout Techniques

These include the use of the simbi hammer, spit pins, the Windsor probe, and the pullout test. These measure the penetration and pullout resistance of concrete and are used for strength estimation, but they can also be used for comparative studies.

4. Dynamic or Vibration Tests

These include resonant frequency and mechanical sonic and ultrasonic pulse velocity methods. These are used to evaluate durability and uniformity of concrete and to estimate its strength and elastic properties.

5. Combined Methods

The combined methods involving ultrasonic pulse velocity and rebound hammer have been used to estimate strength of concrete.

6. Radioactive and Nuclear Methods

These include the X-ray and Gamma ray penetration tests for measurement of density and thickness of concrete. Also, the neutron scattering and neutron activation methods are used for moisture and cement content determination.

7. Magnetic and Electrical Methods

The magnetic methods are primarily concerned with determining cover of reinforcement in concrete, whereas the electrical methods, including microwave absorption techniques, have been used to measure moisture content and thickness of concrete.

8. Acoustic Emission Techniques

These have been used to study the initiation and growth of cracks in concrete.





Types of Non Destructive Tests:
According to their use, non-destructive equipment can be grouped as under:

i) Strength estimation of concrete

ii) Corrosion assessment and monitoring

iii) Detecting defects in concrete structure

iv) Laboratory tests



RECOMMENDATION
It is of outmost importance to ensure the structural integrity of the concrete structures of buildings are assessed for safety and structural competence.



REFERENCES

1. Handbook on Non Destructive testing of concrete
2. Handbook of Concrete Engineering
3. Guide on NDT on Concrete structures
4. Evaluation of Compressive strength using Non Destructive test methods

5. www.theconstructor.org/practical-guide/purpose-of-non-destructive-tests-on-concrete-structures/7688/
6. www.civilblog.org/2015/03/27/what-is-non-destructive-testing-of-concrete-various-ndt-test-methods/

Can I get the pundit lab software please

How

Do you have is contact

1kinggy:
There's one close to STANBIC IBTC at Iyana-Church, his shop is on the top floor of one of the complexes beside the bank. He sells accessories.

Need an installer in ibadan iwo road to be presize

Need an installer in ibadan around iwo road would be better please

60k is bearly enough, compare to the rate of security on the high way now

Any dish seller in Ibadan?
I need a dish of 90cm in Ibadan
0.8.0.3.0.4.5.0.4.5.8

Can you enlighten me more

Interested

Need to get some equipment from Alibaba
Can you help out

yesloaded:
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Talk to us & we shall help you do that without stress

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Need an agent to buy and ship something for me from Alibaba asp

Seems MBC is off

phesoh:
UK used laptops up for grab

For how much
And do you pay on delivery

Need a game for PS2 in flash
Anyone in ibadan?

As anybody been able to get in touch with this guy yet

Someone just need to reach out to the guy,

How many MBC channel can one get

If you get the English version
Send am to me

IFA will lead us the way, tunder fire all of una

Is like the govt just plant the kidnappers for road to get more income from mini Nigeria s

nasbidemi:
Need an installer here in ibadan

08030450458

Need an installer here in ibadan

Which of the live football TV

mancheeutd:
Watch live matches from your phone with just 40mb download live football on playstore

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