RedboneSmith:


We need to correct this impression that the SS Igbo-speaking peoples were the only ones who referred to Igbo-speaking outsiders as 'onye Igbo'. Igbo-speaking people were doing that to other Igbo-speaking people inside the SE at the time. There is a town called Igbere in Abia State, and the name of the town is derived from the expression "Igbo erughi", meaning "the town the Igbo could not reach". And the Igbo in this instance were the Aro. The Aro and their Abam warriors had planned to invade Igbere (which was called Ebiri at the time). Igbere people were able to beat off the attack and prevent the Aro and Abam from taking their town. In memory of that triumph, they started calling themselves Igbo erughi (the Igbo couldn't reach us), shortened later to Igbere.

Also I will continue to take Equiano's reference to Benin in his book with a pinch of salt. If Equiano was writing from what he experienced within his homeland, I would expect him to refer to Benin by the name used among his people, which would be Idu or Ado. Benin people themselves did not even use Benin to describe themselves at the time, but used Edo. Nobody who was living in the Igbo-speaking areas in 1745 would have known Benin City by any other name except Idu or Ado. The fact that Equiano recorded "Benin" tells me he had been peeping into European accounts.

Then he went and wrote further that Benin was bordered on one side by the Kingdom of Abyssinia! Not only is that factually wrong, but no one in the rainforests of West Africa at the time knew about the existence of Abyssinia on the northeastern extremity of the African continent, least of all 12-year old Olaudah!

Olaudah presenting his village as belonging to a province of the great Benin Kingdom is a piece of romantic writing designed to capture the interest and imagination of his European audience. It shouldn't be taking seriously by anyone trying to use information presented in the book to pinpoint where in Igboland Olaudah came from.

Your post considered a lot of wrong variable to create a misguided narrative.


First, Olaudah pointed out that they(his community) referred to these visitors as Oye-Igbo. His community and his Esseke clan was not referred to as Oye-Igbo by the visitors (according to his written accounts). Infact, until the civil war, a lot of Onitsha residents claimed not to be Igbo(records and excerpts by Igbo writers).This is an important distinction. I will, however, avoid further debates on this particular area.I

Edo is a more recent term than Bini. Infact, no Bini person refers to himself as Edo. The term Bini was used long before the birth of Olaudah by its residents. This can be comfirmed by records(Bini, Yoruba and Portuguese). Your statement that nobody living in Igboland will refer to it as Bini is wrong. It is in the Bini records that a prince from somewhere around Onitsha once captured a Bini princesses.

How does Olaudah explain Bini geographic location to whites in the 18th century? By using bigger Landmarks. The Abyssinia.
At the point in review in history, the Bini was at the peak of its powers and Abyssinia was larger than was thought. The fact that Africans never produced accurate maps of Kingdoms doesn't mean that they might not have bordered each other. Again, this is a fault of available accurate data

Again as I have mentioned, several parts of SS and some parts of SE were at some point in the hands of Bini kingdom(Onitsha fell to the Binis). The influence of Bini is so powerful that Igbo language is classified together with Benin language by eminent scholars. Olaudah also pointed out that this influence was nominal which is accurate with today review of ancient Bini kingdom. The Bini kingdom never shared Their language, dressing and culture with the domains compared to other Kingdoms. However, certain attributes passed to this domains but the Binis had a Slavic complex.



There are legitimate questions to ask about Olaudah but not your points

I luckily found this post. I believe that for him to be sure of the influence of Benin, he must have been from the SS region which is why they referred to Aro people as Oye-Eboe.

Also his name should be seen as whole since surnames were not a thing in 1745.

Olaudah will probably be Olu-uda(loud voice ) Ekwuano. It also makes sense considering that as recent as 1920 , Igbos bore names markedly different from today. Eg Tabansi, Anuligo, Ayaezuba(Anyi-ezuba) .




My thoughts on Olaudah Equiano book

airsaylongcome:


So you are absolutely spot on that petrol station owners should inject more capital to buy at a higher price. But that's a big risk in business. They could buy stock at higher price and not sell. Agreed the demand of petrol is inelastic and people will still buy the same quantity irrespective of price of they need to continue being productive today as they were in the past. But what happens is that with increased cost and no matching increase in revenue, people will just reduce their productivity. So a barber that used to be open for say 12 hours, may decide to remain open for 6 hours because he cannot afford to increase his "production" cost. Lower revenue, lower productivity ultimately means poorer people.

And good to see that you thought through my points to ultimately agree with it. A lot of people on NL often read other people's submissions with the sole aim of countering.

At the bolded, there is a slight hope. Tinubu mentioned in his inaugural speech about the formation of commodity boards. This is very important and highly needed to control PMAN(They are a cabal of their own) . It is also a very difficult thing to create and manage effectively.


In the long run, we can do better analysis after this potential experience. For now, there should be a huge leeway in budget by families/businesses for petroleum products. We can survive it when the price is low(we did in this tenure) and can be crushed by it when prices skyrocket. It also means Nigerians will become more aware of global wahala.😂

airsaylongcome:


So I don't agree that "the purchasing price will be the same". And here's why. Importers have always purchased at say ₦1k/litre you mentioned. Retailers have purchased at a lower price from the retailers, with government paying the differential. So with removal of "under recovery", retailers will buy at say ₦1,100. From say ₦170. So a retailer that bought say 100L, and sold only 20L, will increase is selling price of the remaining 80L so that he can buy as close to 100L so that his business stays competitive. The retailers purchase price from the importers will go up which he will pass on to the consumer. It's classic buying and selling. Buy low, sell high. Buy high, sell higher or highest.

The real problem here is the fact that the reason Nigerians buy petrol a lot hasn't been resolved. And that is absence of public power. A substantial proportion of petrol consumed is to power generators. And to be honest, I don't see this regime solving the power issue. The economic situation of the country is going to get considerably worse in the next 8 years. And this isn't me being pro or anti the new regime. It's a glaring fact. Prices are going to skyrocket without a commensurate improvement in consumers income. Sad reality

Your submission makes sense. I haven't considered this angle. I keep viewing it from the lens of the big marketers and importers


It is left for government agencies to pressure this retailers to sell at the accurate price till June ending since they bought it at low price. A lot of petrol station should invest more moneynd not artificially raise price. They can simplya close their station till next month

airsaylongcome:


So (and this is a legit question) does the government pay subsidy before the products are sold to the final consumers? Or after?

Before. It is paid most times before it reaches retailers

airsaylongcome:


So I do a bit of buying and selling and I will explain something. Assume I always buy 100 units of an item for resale. And I have sold say 20 items and I hear that my purchase price for those items has gone up, it is only rational that I automatically increase my sales price so that when I go back to purchase, I can still purchase 100. If I don’t tweak my sales price, when I go back to buy, I may only be able to buy 60 units and will already be at a disadvantage as my business will contract from lower sales. It’s pure business fam. It’s not necessarily about making “big profit”. It’s about staying in business

That is not really the way to see it.
The purchasing price will remain the same. The selling price to consumers will increase as it is no longer subsidized. Importers will continue importing at the same price but will sell at their choice price starting from July.
Example.
I buy fuel for 1k per litre from US(including importing dues. Government pays me 850 for every litre. I then sell around 180-200 which is the government price per litre officially to citizens. Subsidy removal doesn't affect their purchasing power but their selling price starting from day the Subsidy stops.


Your analogy makes sense when Subsidy has been removed and the can move their prices according to the movement of the global petrol market




NB:The month of June is still covered by Subsidy and the money will be paid so it is not necessary to increase price of a subsidized goods now. Government bodies will deal with them

A001:

I'm not in the mood for all this needless back-and-forth, oga. Removing the subsidy now will be catastrophic.

Fine we discussed this here pages back. What can Tinubu do? The government has collected money from World Bank(not sure if it is them). The budget didn't make any allowance for it. Will you approve Tinubu borrowing before the end of June to fund Subsidy for the rest of 2023 fiscal year

Segedinho:

Your are mixing everything and missing the point....removal of subsidy right now is multiplying the masses hardship by 3...

I didn't miss it up. I bolded the part that I was responding to. Tinubu can't do anything about it. It has already been passed and money collected by previous government for the removal. The timing is bad but it has nothing to do with Tinubu.


It has even been discussed here that Buhari should have allowed the incoming president to do the removal. Buhari did it as a clear "fvck u" to any winner of the election

A001:

Read the post you quoted again, and what NUPENG said. The problem isn't subsidy removal but the timing and manner of removal.

I bolded the part I was responding to. You claimed " if Tinubu actually removed Fuel Subsidy without" . He didn't remove it. Buhari did.

However he and any other top presidential candidate was/claimed to remove it

A001:

But it was reported in April that Buhari had suspended fuel subsidy removal.

It was reported in January. By April, The FG collected 100s of millions of dollars from Top banks to alleviate Subsidy removal by June

A001:

Don't get your hopes up about the incoming BAT government, bro. If it's actually true BAT has removed the petrol subsidy without even giving Nigerians some time to prepare for the tough times ahead, then people will wish Buhari was still the president as woeful as the outgoing administration is.

I hope it's not true BAT will remove the subsidy in this manner even after NUPENG warned him not to take that step hurriedly.

Fuel Subsidy removal was passed into Law by Buhari not Tinubu. It is a Law already in Nigeria that payments for Subsidy ends June30 , 2023.


Importantly, all Top presidential candidates were in support of it. Whether Obi or Atiku, whatever happens this first 6months under Tinubu regarding petrol will happen under any candidate

TrebleChamp:
Tomorrow go rugged as per transport cost, but we go survive as we always do. I support the removal but i no buy fuel for gen again 😁. Time to get that power station....

Subsidy payments run till the end of June.

Fuel Subsidy removal has been passed as law by Buhari and comes into effect in July 1st when it is no longer taken care of by the budget

Incognito9:


Omo 🤣🤣 crazy people dey for nairaland

Bending mending homos😁

He is searching for his beloved who is a resident member of this thread.

What did Tinubu steal? Pls provide proof/evidence of your allegation .

I can bet that Tinubu have not stolen 1naira from the government

Ellexy:
Obi failed to declare some joint assets, but everyone knows about those assets now. How does that make him a thief? Or has the meaning of thief changed because we want to tag him one by fire by force..

No. We only found some through Pandora

How is this dude not a flop? 1 EPL goal in 7 months

Real Madrid had 13 completed passes in the first 15 minutes

GloriousGbola:


Your 'guy'

Afrodoc: You don catch me

GrammarNazi1:

She objectified herself.

. It raises questions. Does it mean girls who have career path and goal still do this nonsense hookup?
Are their any decent ladies left?

She is sha in a private jet

A001:

There are no shrines in Yorubaland for Olorun as well.

Chukwu, Olorun actually have a lot in common.

The shrines all about in Yorubaland are those dedicated to Obatala, Yemoja, Osun, Sango, Ogun, and co.

Go to Osun State and see them in various places, but you won't see a single shrine for Olorun. It has been so from the ancient times.

Just like the Ibos, some Isese practitioners generally call all their deities spirits as they believe they're too great to be called a mere mortal.

But when you dig deeper, it becomes clear they've existed in the past.

In 2021, I chatted with some Isese practitioners. I'd already done my research about Ifa reading various books.

So, I set out to find out what Isese practitioners know about him. Some of these people told me Ifa was a spirit; others stated he was a human.

But I already know the truth that some traditionalists don't like calling their deities humans even though they know they were.

They prefer to call them spirits so people can see them as objects of mystery and fear, worthy of worship.

I don't really know of Olorun but is their any evidence from the deep research that he or Chukwu existed

A001:

You're just confusing yourself. Jehovah is a name, claiming the title of god in the Bible.

Another name of Jehovah is Yahweh.

Allah is also a name, claiming the title of god in Qur'an. Allah has many other names such as Al-Aziz, etc.

Your knowledge is shallow. I'm sure Chukwu is the same person as Allah and Yahweh to you.

They all mean God.

Lols, utter confusion.

Buhari is the same as Obama, Jonathan, Jinping; they all mean president. Lols. Serious confusion.

This is what happens you don't seek knowledge about your culture; instead, you're relying on the lies in the Bible as taught by hegemonic Europeans.

Chiukwu don't mean God to any traditionalist. It means God to a Christian.

Like I pointed out earlier, he is like the destiny of the world. The great Destiny is a good explanation for who he is. He is more equitable to the Sun. The fall of any is the end of all Mankind. He is the Chi that creates -Chineke

A001:

He didn't exist on Earth based on existing records from Igbo archives, the same archives containing histories dating back to like 3000 or 4000 years ago.

Humans has existed for thousands of years before then.

The Earth is 4.5 billion years old; the current homo sapiens era is roughly 300,000 years old; the old homo rectus era was 2 millions years before that.

So, the vast majority of history is lost and undocumented.

The Issue at this point is that you are not Igbo and don't understand Igbo(Totality of the Igbo culture).
This scenario makes it impossible for you understand our point.


Chi-Spirit being/destiny/light
Ukwu-High/Tall/Great/mighty

Chiukwu is a being.He is not like Zeus or Eledumare.He didn't give birth to Amadioha. he is also referred to as Chineke(the chi that creates). None of the Igbo gods create. He is sometimes seen as the Sun upon who lives revolve. It is a thought. He is the destiny upon who all lives revolve. He is the being in the high places. There are no shrines in Igboland for Chiukwu. He has neither adherents or priest or worshippers.

I believe you are a factual man, so until you have concrete evidence, it is best to avoid roping Chiukwu with the rest. A spirit must not exist in the human flesh (demons). The fact that history is lost doesn't mean we rewrite history

iamoyindamola:
I read she's a Ghanian, like they no even allow us famz her small

won't be surprised sha. Her knees too black.

Spy360:

Exactly except the bolded which are natural phenomena. Those are titles ascribed to the powers that they are or that control them.

A001 says they are names of ancient talented people just as we have Messi today.

You have a serious point here but I don't want a prolonged argument .

Phenomenoms were worshipped to a certain extent and honored/respected. Example is appeasing Death by giving children names like Onwubiko or Onwughalu.

GloriousGbola:


now this is where the packaging comes into play

All of you are mentioning the endorsement and forgetting the increased trips to Dubai courtesy of Zaddies

A001:

The same applies to Olorun in Yoruba or Atum in ancient Egypt. Olorun is the big god or chief god of the Yoruba people, while Atum is the big god or chief god of the ancient Egyptians before the advent of Islam and Christianity.

The same applies to all cultures around the world. Each culture has its own distinct set of gods, with one big or major god or a godhead (formed by three or four gods) claiming superiority. Even in Saudi, there are lesser gods, such as Lat, Uzza, and many others that became less popular after Islam, but Allah is the big god claiming superiority.


More than 98% of history of humans on Earth is lost and undocumented. So, you shouldn't say one entity never existed on Earth with certainty. Before homo sapiens, there had been other races of humans.

Science and technology didn't start on Earth with homo sapiens.

The bolded doesn't mean you have to assume he did. He didn't exist on earth based on existing records and statements from all Igbo human archives.His existence as a being is in so much doubt that before the white men penetrated Igbo land, Nobody prayed /sacrificed to/worshipped Chi-ukwu. A person appeased all the normal gods and prayed to his Chi. He is just a fundamental thought