EXPLAINED : HOW LIGHTNING STRIKES, AND WHY IT KILLS PEOPLE

Lightning is a very rapid — and massive — discharge of electricity in the atmosphere, some of which is directed towards the Earth’s surface. These discharges are generated in giant moisture-bearing clouds that are 10-12 km tall. The base of these clouds typically lies within 1-2 km of the Earth’s surface, while their top is 12-13 km away. Temperatures towards the top of these clouds are in the range of minus 35 to minus 45 degrees Celsius.

As water vapour moves upward in the cloud, the falling temperature causes it to condense. Heat is generated in the process, which pushes the molecules of water further up.

As they move to temperatures below zero degrees celsius, the water droplets change into small ice crystals. They continue to move up, gathering mass — until they are so heavy that they start to fall to Earth.

This leads to a system in which, simultaneously, smaller ice crystals are moving up and bigger crystals are coming down.

Collisions follow, and trigger the release of electrons — a process that is very similar to the generation of sparks of electricity. As the moving free electrons cause more collisions and more electrons, a chain reaction ensues.

This process results in a situation in which the top layer of the cloud gets positively charged, while the middle layer is negatively charged. The electrical potential difference between the two layers is huge — of the order of a billion to 10 billion volts. In very little time, a massive current, of the order of 100,000 to a million amperes, starts to flow between the layers.

An enormous amount of heat is produced, and this leads to the heating of the air column between the two layers of the cloud. This heat gives the air column a reddish appearance during lightning. As the heated air column expands, it produces shock waves that result in thunder.

How does this current reach the Earth from the cloud?

While the Earth is a good conductor of electricity, it is electrically neutral. However, in comparison to the middle layer of the cloud, it becomes positively charged. As a result, about 15%-20% of the current gets directed towards the Earth as well. It is this flow of current that results in damage to life and property on Earth.

Lightning rarely hits people directly — but such strikes are almost always fatal.People are most commonly struck by what are called “ground currents”. The electrical energy, after hitting a large object (such as a tree) on Earth, spreads laterally on the ground for some distance, and people in this area receive electrical shocks.

There is a greater probability of lightning striking tall objects such as trees, towers or buildings. Once it is about 80-100 m from the surface, lightning tends to change course towards these taller objects. This happens because air is a poor conductor of electricity, and electrons that are travelling through air seek both a better conductor and the shortest route to the relatively positively charged Earth’s surface.

What precautions should be taken against lightning?

Lightning rarely hits people directly — but such strikes are almost always fatal.

People are most commonly struck by what are called “ground currents”. The electrical energy, after hitting a large object (such as a tree) on Earth, spreads laterally on the ground for some distance, and people in this area receive electrical shocks.

It becomes more dangerous if the ground is wet (which it frequently is because of the accompanying rain), or if there is metal or other conducting material on it. Water is a conductor, and many people are struck by lightning while standing in flooded paddy fields.

The Met office routinely issues warnings for thunderstorms. But this is a very generic advisory, and for locations that are very large in area.

Predicting a thunderstorm over a pinpointed location is not possible. Nor is it possible to predict the exact time of a likely lightning strike.

For reasons given above, taking shelter under a tree is dangerous. Lying flat on the ground too, can increase risks. People should move indoors in a storm; however, even indoors, they should avoid touching electrical fittings, wires, metal, and water.

lam MC Omaricha smart, an educational educationist by professional professionist. a powerful great resource personal with communication skills, MC Omaricha smart is creative Rechearch person. Call for all kinds of occasions and professional talks. 08037728124 OR 08163755176

iam MC Omaricha smart, a professional resource personal, MC for all kinds of occasions, seminar anchor, conferences, workshop and many more. call me 08037728124

iam a professional resource personal, with great and communication skills, MC of all kinds of occasions, seminar anchor, workshop, conference and many more. call me 08037728124

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THIS IS THE REASON WHY SOME PEOPLE SMELL SO BAD

This is why some people smell so bad even after showering

We have all had that one not-so-nice experience with someone with body odor. Stinking feet, smelly mouth, or sweaty and smelly armpits. Ooh and smelly private parts which is probably the most embarrassing. Like, imagine getting things so hot only to be forced to change your mind because the other person smells so bad that you can’t even go down on them. Sucks, right?

Of all these people, we all know that some of them are just too lazy to observe personal hygiene. Others do not even know they smell by the way. And others know they smell, they have tried showering twice a day and doing everything that you could ever think of to avoid smelling. BUT it never stops. They just keep smelling. And the other thing that sucks most is that we cannot even muster the courage to tell them that they smell.

Causes of body odor even after bathing
Why people smell even after taking shower
So, what is wrong with these people? Why do they smell so bad even after taking a shower, wearing some nice smelling perfume and putting on clean clothes? Trimethylaminuria could be the reason.

Also known as fish odor syndrome, trimethylaminuria is a rare metabolic disorder in which the body is unable to break down the chemical trimethylamine. This chemical has a pungent smell that is similar to that of rotting fish, urine, rotting garbage or urine. The compound, trimethylamine is eliminated by the body and when it’s not broken down into a non-odorous compound, it makes one smell like fish.

When the compound accumulates in the body, it is excreted through urine but can also be present in the sweat and breath of these patients which leaves one smelling.
Foods that increase body odor
Foods rich in choline enhance body odor(BodyNutrition)

Trimethylamine is usually found in choline foods such as; liver, eggs, salmon, wheat germ, milk, broccoli, and fresh cod.

So, before you go judging people who smell, you need to know that it’s not always about hygiene. Some can’t help it. Conditions like trimethylaminuria are genetic and there is no cure for it. All the same, avoiding foods rich in choline has been found to prevent this condition that makes people smell.

Preventing body odor

How to prevent body odor

However, choline is a nutrient that the body requires and a deficiency may thus lead to liver damage. Pregnant women also require more choline, in which case, avoiding it may have adverse effects.

Bathing frequently with an acidic soap, and, laundering clothes frequently may also help.
Since the sweat has the odorous compounds, the bad smell intensifies when a person engages in activities that make them sweat.

Iam MC Omaricha smart, an educational educationist by professional professionist, MC for all kinds of occasions.a professional speaker with communication skills.
08037728124

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LADIES THIS IS WHY YOUR VAGINA SMELLS

For Ladies! See reasons why your V-JAY is always smelling and how to manage it

For Ladies! See reasons why your V-JAY JAY is always smelling and how to manage it
The females V-J is supposed to have a smell and the smell usually changes throughout ones cycle. But when the odour is unusual, it can be caused by a lot of things.

Some ladies have little or no knowledge about the cause of this terrible experience and all they do is to keep washing their V-J with very strong soap with lots of fragrance that will even cause more harms and infections to the V-J.

V*J discharge is most often a normal and regular occurrence. However, there are certain types of discharge that can indicate an infection. Abnormal discharge may be yellow or green, chunky in consistency, or foul smelling. Yeast or a bacterial infection usually causes abnormal discharge.
Here are some reasons why your V-JAY has a terrible smell:

(1)Infections:

When it comes to funky V-J Odours, it is one hell of an embarrassing smell . Yeast infections and bacterial vaginosis can make your V-J smell.
The symptoms include gray or cheesy discharge and a burning sensation during S*X or when you urinate
.
(2) Hormones :

When your Ovulating or on your period, your V-J might smell stronger than usual.
This is quite normal but if the smell really bothers you, you may have to seek medical help.

(3) Sweat:

A sweaty bumbum or V-J is a smelly one. This usually happens when you wear tight clothes or when you are over weight.
To solve this particular kind of problem, it is advised that a good V-J hygiene should be maintained.

(4) Food :

What you eat affects how your private part smells. Aromatic foods like pepper, garlic, Ginger, Onions, fish, and some other vegetables can make your V-J smell.
For example, Ladies are usually advised to eat more of pineapples to enable their V-J smell nice. So if you notice a particular food usually gives your V-J a foul smell, try eliminate it.

(5) Pregnancy:

This is another condition that no one can do anything to solve.
During pregnancy, if there is an increase in blood supply to the vagina area, it affects the V-J’s PH balance and this will definitely change the smell of the V-J.

V-J discharge during pregnancy is thin, white, milky and mild smelling. The amount of discharge also increases during pregnancy. However, during perimenopause and menopause, discharge decreases due to low levels of estrogen.

Has this helped you in anyway?

Iam MC Omaricha smart, a professional MC of any kinds of occasions, a great resource personal for seminars, work shop, conference, health, educational reacherse topics, and strategic planning. Omaricha also run's any kind of adverts for you and your business on radio stations and TV stations. MC Omaricha smart is very creative and innovative.

MC Omaricha smart is also an actor and a Canadian fro any producer that needs my service. Follow me as mcomaricha @ intergarm. com, Omaricha002 @ niraland. Com, duruchukwu @ yahoo mail. Com, or call me 08037728124

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WHY SEX SMELLS
I was invited to give a talk/seminar to school of nursing orlu imo state, after the talk, a student came and ask me sir, why sex smells. And I explained. But right now, i want to tell you the reason sex smells.

Sexual intercourse is one activity that is accompanied by so much eagerness especially for starters unrivalled enjoyment and reasonable satisfaction, but in spite of all these activities that surround it. It happens within the twinkle of an eye, depending largely on the ability of individuals. Interestingly, many things happen after each round of sex, including both parties feeling relaxed, calm, sometimes weak and sleepy. But one other important thing that characterises a romp in the act is the smell that comes with it, which many seen not to be aware of. The smell is not entirely offensive, but uniquely noticeable.

Thus, the question, what brings about the smell from such an enjoyable act. A medical practitioner, Dr Rotimi Adesanya, said fluid has a smell and the vaginal fluid also has its own smell. He noted that when these two fluids mix, A distinctive smell would certainly be produced. So it is the combination of the fluid and vaginal fluids that result in the smell after sex. during sex there are some other fluids secreted by both males and females, such that the mixture of these fluids produces a particular smell. The smell tends to disappear when the person involved in the act, especially the woman, clean up or have a shower. Much of the smell is from the seminal fluid, and then you have the prostatic fluids, which is an alkaline fluid secreted by the prostate gland during expulsion that forms part of the fluids. In women, as well, there are some glands around the vagina that secret such fluids come together in the course of the sexual activity. It produce a smell.

The vaginal fluid, with its chemical properties, is acidic while the seminal fluid, with its own chemical properties, is alkaline, thus, the combination of these fluids tends to produce a special kind of smell.

In the words of Dr Darius Paducah, the director of sexual health at Weill Cornell medical collage, New York, the kind of smell that is produced after sex is a product of the PH levels of the genitals of both parties. He added that sweat and some contraceptive tend to have an impact on the smell, which he said should not be offensive. He stressed that if the smell unpleasant, there is need for both the man and the woman to see the doctor to check for infections or bacteria imbalance.

In her own explanation, an assistant professor of obstetrics and gynecology in United States, Dr Hilda Hutcherson, stated that what happens when secretion from two partners mix during sex is a chemical reaction that creates it's own smell. According to Adesanya, if people are not hygiene enough in their genitals, it would pollute the smell and make it worse. For men, it is better because they release the fluid, but women absorb it, coupled with the fluid their system secrets in the line of the activity, which makes their to be more serious.

Even though the vagina has a mechanism that clears itself of infection, women who are not hygiene tend to smell in that region. So after sex, both the man and the woman should urinate, clean up and they should not dip their hands in the vagina, and when they are cleaning up, it should be from the front to the back, not from the back to the front, so they don't bring bacteria from the anus to the vaginal path, which could lead to infection.

Women should also urinate after sex but they should desist from inserting their hands or any cleaning agent in the vagina to avoid infection. Women should not insert soap inside their vagina, because there are bacteria in the vagina that protects the organ naturally, when women make use of those cleaning materials, they wash away the good bacteria that are supposed to protect them.

Also, in order to maintain a healthy vagina, women have been advised to avoid wearing tight panties to avoid excessive heat and odour in that region, avoid douching, change sanitary pads frequently and avoid using perfumes to cover up unpleasant smell.

IAM MC Omaricha smart a writer, a professional resource personal, an educational educationist, by professional professionist. I anchor seminars, healths matters, workshops, Conference and all kinds of occasions. 08037728124

eye opener thanks alot

eye opener, thanks you alot

22 Danger Signs To Watch Out For When Using A Gas Cylinder

There have been many cases of gas cylinder explosions and when this happens, lives are lost and properties worth millions are destroyed.


However, there are so many danger signs we need to look out for while using a Gas cylinder.

Some of these factors are:

1. Cooking gas cylinders must not exceed five years: most people using gas cylinders hardly remember when it was bought. It is important to keep track of the days and replace them as soon as possible.

2. Do not buy used Gas cylinders.


3. Watch out for the expiry dates: The steps to check the expiry date are very simple and basic. The expiry of LPG cylinder can be found on one of the metal strips that connect the body of the cylinder to top ring (handle). It is mentioned on the inner side of the strip. The strip has any of the alphabets from A to D painted on it along with a number. Decoding the expiry date is simple. The alphabet represents the month it expires while the number indicates the year. A year is divided into four quarters :

A – January to March

B – April to June

C – July to September

D – October to December

For example, your cylinder has ‘A 18 painted on the metal strip. The alphabet A represents month March and 18 indicates the year 2018.

4 Use gas cylinders in a vertical position, unless specifically designed to be used otherwise

5. Securely restrain cylinders to prevent them from falling over

6. Always double check that the cylinder/gas is the right one for the intended use.

7. Before connecting a gas cylinder to equipment or pipe-work make sure that the regulator and pipe-work are suitable for the type of gas and pressure being used.
8. When required, wear suitable safety shoes and other personal protective equipment when handling gas cylinders.


9. Do not use gas cylinders for any other purpose than the transport and storage of gas.


10. Do not drop, roll or drag gas cylinders.


11. Close the cylinder valve and replace dust caps, where provided when a gas cylinder is not in use.

12. Where appropriate, fit cylinders with residual pressure valves (non-return valves) to reduce the risk of backflow of water or other materials into the cylinder during use that might corrode it (e.g. beer forced into an empty gas cylinder during cylinder change-over).


13. Ensure the valve is protected by a valve cap or collar, or that the valve has been designed to withstand impact if the cylinder is dropped.


14. Store gas cylinders in a dry, safe place on a flat surface in the open air. If this is not reasonably practicable, store in an adequately ventilated building or part of a building specifically reserved for this purpose.


15. Cylinders containing flammable gas should not be stored in part of a building used for other purposes.


16. Protect gas cylinders from external heat sources that may adversely affect their mechanical integrity.

17. Gas cylinders should be stored away from sources of ignition and other flammable materials.


18. Avoid storing gas cylinders so that they stand or lie in water.


19. Ensure the valve is kept shut on empty cylinders to prevent contaminants from getting in.


20. Store gas cylinders securely when they are not in use. They should be properly restrained unless designed to be free-standing.

21. Gas cylinders must be clearly marked to show what they contain and the hazards associated with their contents.


22. Store cylinders where they are not vulnerable to hazards caused by impact, e.g. from vehicles such as fork-lift trucks.

iam MC Omaricha smart, a professional resource personal. and MC of any kinds of ceremonies. 08037728124.

22 Danger Signs To Watch Out For When Using A Gas Cylinder

There have been many cases of gas cylinder explosions and when this happens, lives are lost and properties worth millions are destroyed.


However, there are so many danger signs we need to look out for while using a Gas cylinder.

Some of these factors are:

1. Cooking gas cylinders must not exceed five years: most people using gas cylinders hardly remember when it was bought. It is important to keep track of the days and replace them as soon as possible.

2. Do not buy used Gas cylinders.


3. Watch out for the expiry dates: The steps to check the expiry date are very simple and basic. The expiry of LPG cylinder can be found on one of the metal strips that connect the body of the cylinder to top ring (handle). It is mentioned on the inner side of the strip. The strip has any of the alphabets from A to D painted on it along with a number. Decoding the expiry date is simple. The alphabet represents the month it expires while the number indicates the year. A year is divided into four quarters :

A – January to March

B – April to June

C – July to September

D – October to December

For example, your cylinder has ‘A 18 painted on the metal strip. The alphabet A represents month March and 18 indicates the year 2018.

4 Use gas cylinders in a vertical position, unless specifically designed to be used otherwise

5. Securely restrain cylinders to prevent them from falling over

6. Always double check that the cylinder/gas is the right one for the intended use.

7. Before connecting a gas cylinder to equipment or pipe-work make sure that the regulator and pipe-work are suitable for the type of gas and pressure being used.
8. When required, wear suitable safety shoes and other personal protective equipment when handling gas cylinders.


9. Do not use gas cylinders for any other purpose than the transport and storage of gas.


10. Do not drop, roll or drag gas cylinders.


11. Close the cylinder valve and replace dust caps, where provided when a gas cylinder is not in use.

12. Where appropriate, fit cylinders with residual pressure valves (non-return valves) to reduce the risk of backflow of water or other materials into the cylinder during use that might corrode it (e.g. beer forced into an empty gas cylinder during cylinder change-over).


13. Ensure the valve is protected by a valve cap or collar, or that the valve has been designed to withstand impact if the cylinder is dropped.


14. Store gas cylinders in a dry, safe place on a flat surface in the open air. If this is not reasonably practicable, store in an adequately ventilated building or part of a building specifically reserved for this purpose.


15. Cylinders containing flammable gas should not be stored in part of a building used for other purposes.


16. Protect gas cylinders from external heat sources that may adversely affect their mechanical integrity.

17. Gas cylinders should be stored away from sources of ignition and other flammable materials.


18. Avoid storing gas cylinders so that they stand or lie in water.


19. Ensure the valve is kept shut on empty cylinders to prevent contaminants from getting in.


20. Store gas cylinders securely when they are not in use. They should be properly restrained unless designed to be free-standing.

21. Gas cylinders must be clearly marked to show what they contain and the hazards associated with their contents.


22. Store cylinders where they are not vulnerable to hazards caused by impact, e.g. from vehicles such as fork-lift trucks.

Iam MC Omaricha smart,

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nice topic