₦airaland Forum

SUITABLE CONDITIONS FOR SMALL SCALE HYDROELECTRIC SYSTEM TO OPERATE EFFECTIVELY

Small scale hydroelectric system has conditions under which it can yield maximally. The best geographical area for exploiting small scale are available where there are steep river available all year round. Take for example the hilly area of countries with high year round rainfall or the great mountain ranges and th3i4 foot hill and their foot hills.

To access the success the sustainability of a potential site. The hydrology of the site needs to be known and a site survey carried out to determine actual flow and head. This data gives a good overhead picture of annual rain pattern and likely fluctuations in precipitation and flow patterns

The site survey gives more detailed information of the site conditions to allow power calculation to be done and design to begin. Flow data should be gathered over a period of at least one full year where possible, so as to ascertain the fluctuations in river flow over the various season.

HOW A SMALL SCALE HYDROELECTRIC GENERATION SYSTEM WORKS

The system works on the principle of conversion of of energy from one form to another. It first converts the water ( potential energy ) into a kinetic energy which helps in driving the turbine that eventually drives the alternator that produces electricity.

MEDIUM HYDRO- ELECTRIIC SYSTEM

This falls under hydro electric system whose electric power generation fallls under 10mw -100mw and they supply more than 100000 houses.

LARGE HYDRO- ELECTRICITY SYSTEM

They usually require large dams and can produce more than 100mw electricity.

Small hydroelectric generation system .. ... 10megawatt plant driven by Francis turbine...

SMALL HYDRO- ELECTRIC SYSTEM

This type of hydro electric power system can generate electric within a range of 1Mw - 10 Mw. this system can be used to supply electricity to large communities in the city or a whole city as it can supply electricity to more than 10000 homes or houses. This system does not require large scale dam. They only require active flowing river with massive flow rate per year.

MINI HYDRO - ELECTRICITY SOURCE

This is a system of hydro electric generation system that can generate electricity ranging within 100kw- 1mw ( megwatt ). These form of power generation system can be used to supply rural areas.

A micro hydroelectric system

A pico hydroelectric system

MICRO HYDRO- ELECTRIC SYSTEM

It is hydro- electric system that typically produces electricity within the range of 5kw - 100kw. This type of hydro electric can provide power to small communities or isolated home. This system can provide an economical source of energy without purchase of fuel. In this case water from flowing river may be gathered in a space and the water is allowed to flow down a slope to create a high pressure within the penstock pipe to the turbine which turns the alternator that produces the electricity.

Many people usually think of a very big dam construction whenever they hear the word " Hydro electric system ", it is important to know that there are different types of hydro electric system which do not necessarily need the availability of big dam. Many of these mini hydro electric systems may generate electricity that can efficiently supply rural communities. That small river that flows behind your house may be a good source of power to generate electricity.


TYPES OF HYDRO-ELECTRIC GENERATION SYSTEM

PICO HYDRO ELECTRIC SYSTEM

This is the type of hydro electric system that is capable of generating electricity within a range of 0kw - 5kw. It is useful in rural houses that require only a small amount of electricity energy. A pico- hydro electric system set up is typically run-of- the- river meaning dams are not needed but rather pipes divert some of the flow and drop this down a gradient and through the turbine before returning it to the stream.

Hydro-electricity remains one of the cheapest and purest form of electricity around the world. Perhaps it is one of the environmental friendly source of energy that has not been fully tapped. The world is made of 70% water which can drive hydro electric system to generate clean energy. Hydro electric generation involves the use of water to turn a turbine which in return turns an electric alternator to produce electricity.

This headline though!!!!

Whatever u do today THINK of TOMORROW!!.... U are a soldier today and some bad POLITHIEFCIANS pay u to shoot at sight at peaceful protesters ...especially when those protesters are protesting on what can better their lives and yours. As a soldier THINK very well before u pull d trigger just.think of tomorrow where those POLITHIEFCIANS will not be there to help you rather all that would be left would be the same people you referred to as "BLOODY BASTARD civilian"...................................am just saying!!

That waterfall fall can generate huge electricity for the communities around that place yet these people would still complain of no electricity. When are we going to BE USEFUL and not WASTEFUL?

degelinglacis:
That's how you people will not let us see husband with your yeye analysis . Your age does not determine if you will be responsible. I'm in my early twenties, I was never involved in previous marital sex and I have only dated a guy. I have never double date.

Please op, if she's responsible go for her

YORUBAS ARE GREAT PEOPLE I BELIEVE THEY CAN RULE THE WORLD SILENTLY WITHOUT MUCH NOISE!!! : MAY GOD HELP THEM TO GROW HIGHER AND LET NOT religion DIVIDES THEM IN THE NEAREST FUTURE.

SPEEDEPITOME:
The sense of entitlement ish is one of the problems I have with ladies and sadly guys help in enforcing that mentality. A guy breaks up with a girl and the next thing you hear is 'he used me'. Someone on this thread already said the guy should be able to take care of her while she does what? probably, Nothing.
Now I know guys have their own problems which is not what I'm addressing now, this is me talking from a guy's angle.

GOD BLESS UUUUU!!!

boman2014:
http://punchng.com/insecurity-lawmakers-dump-official-vehicle-number-plates/

EVANS....should not be the only one that deserves DEATH SENTENCE ...the gesture should also be extended to the POLITHIEFCIANS because they have done worse than this. They have RUINED and KILLED many young destinies on the platform of CORRUPTION. They have made the poor poorer and the rich richer and also made the gab between the POOR and the RICH obviously too wide apart.

uboma:
from the day Evans got arrested, I have always advocated the death penalty for him and members of his gang.

this story and many others we will hear in due course, justifies why Evans deserves the death penalty.


His wife should also be arrested for aiding and betting a criminal.

Good!!! But this gesture should also be extended to the POLITHIEFCIANS because they have done worse than this. They have RUINED and KILLED many young destinies on the platform of CORRUPTION. They have made the poor poorer and the rich richer and also made the gab between the POOR and the RICH obviously too wide apart.

EntMirror:
Why do I need to waste over 18 years of my life reading and cramming theories that will never be used in the real world? Why would I be in a system that prepares me into being an employee, into being a slave? A lot of people might say that everyone must not be an entrepreneur, my response is usually brutal. Of course everyone can't be an entrepreneur, everyone can't be rich.

I just feel pity whenever I go around campus at night, watching students with their lamps and books, reading like their life depend on it. I'm not against education, I'm against school..

It's true that school teaches you how to write essay, how to solve basic trigs and sums.. But that doesn't discard the fact that time and resources used are just wasted. Moo

I'm an entrepreneur and I'm closer to the real world than those who still dream of working in an oil firm. Don't be surprised, they will start searching in Google basic skills to acquire after service. The veil has been unveiled lol..

The purpose of this write up is to help you as an undergraduate redefine your purpose of going to school. school isn't a road that lead to a job. it's a road that leads to education. what you do with what you've acquired makes all the difference.

www.entmirror.com

You made a good point!!!!

This Country called " Nigeria " when will it learn? It keeps pretending to be holy and yet far away from GOD'S presence. Why can't d federal government scrap anything religion and foreign language? I mean scrap both CRK and IRK with FRENCH, ENGLISH, SPANISH ,ARABIC and d rest and let's focus on our Nigerian INDIGENOUS languages just like CHINA, GERMANY and the likes. Let anybody that wants any of these religious and foreign languages do so INDIVIDUALLY/PRIVATELY but they should be scrapped from Nigeria LAW or SYSTEM. Just imagine where we would have been by now "2017 " if we started this 20yrs ago? My suggestion may be funny to many people out there BUT is REAL and TRUE

naturalman:
Only transamdi alone host close to 500 industries both multinational and contracting company...

All the water fronts in river state are been occupied by multinationals...

Bonny along host the giant NLNG and other gas contracting companies..

Abuloma host Nestoil, ibeto, conoil,fortoil,oando etc

Abonima host seplast, berger Hughes,belemaoil etc

Buguma ,soku and kula waterside host multinational like slumberger,weatherfood, etc..

Onne hosting INTELS and close to a 1000 oil firms

Yet d people of the state are wallowing in poverty.

Titles, Certificates, academic can not safe this Continent from darkness rather EDUCATION will!!! ......Education demands that u practice what u learn to better your environment.

I was still wondering if there could ever be any woman again like Sarah ( Abraham's wife ) , whom at over 60 year of age she was an epitome of beauty the type young men would preferably choose over younger girls. This woman's image story validates the point that God still bless his people like he blessed them of old times or generation( ...thousand of years back.)

InyinyaAgbaOku:
A cross section of a USA university will feature more Igbos

And u know say the Yorubas' way u want go look for their trouble get mouth to abuse person wella !! They will give it to u more than u bargain for.

Christians need to know the great power they possess hence there might not be a need for deliverance to be carried out by any person except from God.

... This picture comes to my mind

This pics comes to my mind!!!

And for those guys that think money is everything!!! I just dey laugh They just think money can fetch and keep a woman. The moment d money finishes such women disappear to appear by all means where money is available .

KahlDrogo:
All what you have said is utter rubbish. Oyedepo called for the killing of people who "look like" boko haram members, and obviously from this statement, he sounds sort of remorseful. It is dead wrong! Is that so difficult to accept or are you more christian than myself?

And who told you my write up was about Oyedepo? Or did I Call for the attack of any group? Or is Ok for innocent people not to defend themselves when attacked where there is no presence of government's protection?


And you have not even answered the Questions I asked above Sir if at all u a Christian that knows his Bible very well.

KahlDrogo:
Did God ask us anywhere to kill like David and Saul?

Matter of fact, He explicitly stated "THOU SHALT NOT KILL" and asked us to "LOVE OUR NEIGHBORS AS OURSELVES".

If you tell me you cherry pick what teachings of the book to adopt, that i would understand.

Pls sir can u enlighten me more on killings in Christiandom? Are Christian soldiers not suppose to kill? OR should Christian nations open their borders to killers to enter their countries and kill their citizens like fowls and chicken without them defending themselves? or is it because your loved ones are not involved that you talking this way. Why do u fence your house and put gigantic gates in your compounds? Is is not because of thieves?

Are thieves not enemies you should love by allowing them in to rape your daughters and cart away your valuables. Why defending yourselves with fence and gates? Did Jesus tell you to do so? Nobody is saying CHRISTIANS should attack anybody BUT most DEFEND themselves in cases of being attacked by those who hate peace where there is no presence of government Protection for them.

I believe it was left deliberately to attract attention which is what they are getting right now.