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Ebola Virus And Marburg Virus (all You Need To Know) by heskeyw(m): 2:19pm On Jul 28, 2014 |
SYMPTOMS In Ebola virus and Marburg virus, signs and symptoms typically begin abruptly within five to 10 days of infection. Early signs and symptoms include: Fever Severe headache Joint and muscle aches Chills Sore throat Weakness Over time, symptoms become increasingly severe and may include: Nausea and vomiting Diarrhea (may be bloody) Red eyes Raised rash Chest pain and cough Stomach pain Severe weight loss Bleeding from the nose, mouth, rectum, eyes and ears CAUSES OF EBOLA VIRUS Ebola virus has been found in African monkeys, chimps and other nonhuman primates. A milder strain of Ebola has been discovered in monkeys and pigs in the Philippines. Marburg virus has been found in monkeys, chimps and fruit bats in Africa. TRANSMISSION FROM ANIMALS TO HUMANS The virus can be transmitted to humans by exposure to an infected animal's bodily fluids. Examples include: Blood. Butchering or eating infected animals can spread the viruses. Scientists who have operated on infected animals as part of their research have also contracted the virus. Waste products. Tourists in certain African caves and some underground mine workers have been infected with the Marburg virus, possibly through contact with the feces or urine of infected bats. Transmission from person to person Infected people typically don't become contagious until they develop symptoms. Family members are often infected as they care for sick relatives or prepare the dead for burial. Medical personnel can be infected if they don't use protective gear such as surgical masks and latex gloves. Medical centers in Africa are often so poor that they must reuse needles and syringes. Some of the worst Ebola epidemics have occurred because contaminated injection equipment wasn't sterilized between uses. There's no evidence that Ebola virus or Marburg virus can be spread via insect bites. |
Re: Ebola Virus And Marburg Virus (all You Need To Know) by heskeyw(m): 2:22pm On Jul 28, 2014 |
RISK FACTORS 1.Travel to Africa. You're at increased risk if you visit or work in areas where Ebola virus or Marburg virus outbreaks have occurred in the past. 2.Conduct animal research. People are more likely to contract the Ebola or Marburg virus if they conduct animal research with monkeys imported from Africa or the Philippines. 3. Provide medical or personal care. Family members are often infected as they care for sick relatives. Medical personnel also can be infected if they don't use protective gear such as surgical masks and latex gloves. 4.Prepare people for burial. The bodies of people who have died of Ebola or Marburg hemorrhagic fever are still contagious. Helping prepare these bodies for burial can increase your risk of developing the disease yourself. COMPLICATIONS Both Ebola and Marburg hemorrhagic fevers lead to death for a high percentage of people who are affected. As the illness progresses, it can cause: Multiple organ failure Severe bleeding Jaundice Delirium Seizures Coma Shock One reason the viruses are so deadly is that they interfere with the immune system's ability to mount a defense. But scientists don't understand why some people recover from Ebola and Marburg and others don't. For people who survive, recovery is slow. It may take months to regain weight and strength, and the viruses remain in the body for many weeks. People may experience: Hair loss Sensory changes Liver inflammation (hepatitis) Weakness Fatigue Headaches Eye inflammation Testicular inflammation |
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