India joined an exclusive group of world powers with military space capabilities on Wednesday, as Prime Minister Narendra Modi declared a successful ASAT ( anti satellite ) missile test yesterday.

India is now the 4th country after US Russia and China to have demonstrated the capability to destroy satellites in orbit.

Space is seen as a key military domain by the world's superpowers. While anti-satellite missiles are by no means new, only a few countries have been able to develop, test and prove the capability. Satellites make up the backbone of GPS, communications, intelligence and more – making the ability to destroy spacecraft a coveted military strength.

India's test, dubbed "Mission Shakti," was carried out by the Defense Research and Development Organization, or DRDO. the research and development arm of the country's military.

Prime Minister Modi declared the test, codenamed Mission Shakti, a success and claimed that an ASAT missile had destroyed the satellite in its low-Earth orbit.

The missile in question is described as a kinetic kill vehicle, which means it does not carry any explosives or other devices. Instead, its ‘kill’ capability arises simply from the fact that it smashes into the target satellite and shatters it using its kinetic energy.

At this altitude, about 300 km, experts said that debris from the collision would fall back to Earth, burning up in the atmosphere in a matter of weeks instead of posing a threat to other satellites. As a result, Mission Shakti is called a controlled ASAT test.

Previously US tested ASAT weapon on satellites on 2008 , China on 2007 and USSR much earlier and now followed by India in 2019.


Picture : Indian ASAT ( anti satellite ) missile known as PDV MKII. It can destroy satellites in orbits at upto 1000 km altitude with a HTK ( hit to kill ) KKV ( kinetic kill vehicle ).

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nQh29Tm90x8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KwTfaiFZTWI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pzhtc-rFbvM

PDV MKII

ASAT TEL ( transporter erector launcher )

DRDO PDV MK 2 ASAT made kinetic kill on a satellite moving at a very high speed of 10 km per second ie 36 Mach

And with a accuracy of < 10 centimetres

DRDO asat IIR SEEKER

And this seeker can identify and lock targets in space at a range of 200km.

Official video on ASAT test


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KRs79t6z7fc

Sorry for the derail.

This "measure" mentioned in the verse has to do with a couple of characteristics of rain. First of all, the amount of rain that falls on the earth is always the same. It is estimated that in one second, 16 million tones of water evaporates from the earth. This number is equal to the amount of water that drops on the earth in one second. [/b]This means that water continuously circulates in a balanced cycle according to a "measure".[b]

Another measure related with rain is about its falling speed. The minimum altitude of rain clouds is 1,200 meters. When dropped from this height, an object having the same weight and size as a rain drop, would continuously accelerate and fall on the ground with a speed of 558 km/h. Certainly, any object that hits the ground with that speed would cause big damage. If rain happened to fall in the same way, all harvested lands would be destroyed, residential areas, houses, and cars would be damaged, people would not be able to walk around without taking necessary precautions. What is more, these calculations are made just for clouds of 1,200 meters high, whereas there are also rain clouds at an altitude of 10,000 meters. A rain drop falling from such a height could normally reach a very destructive speed. But this is not how it works; no matter from how high they fall, average speed of rain drops is only 8-10 km/h when they reach the ground. The reason for this is the special form they take. This special form increases the friction effect of the atmosphere and prevents acceleration when the rain drops reach a certain speed "limit". (Today parachutes are designed by using this technique.)

This is not all about the "measures" of rain. For instance, in the atmospheric layers where it starts to rain, the temperature may fall so low as 400C degrees. Despite this, rain drops never turn into ice particles. (This would certainly mean a fatal threat for the living things on the earth). The reason is that the water in the atmosphere is pure water. As known, pure water hardly freezes even in very low temperatures.

The Formation of Rain

How rain forms remained a great mystery for people for a long time. Only after air radars were discovered, could it have been possible to learn by which stages rain formed. The formation of rain takes place in three stages: First, the "raw material" of rain rises up in the air. Later, clouds are formed and lastly, rain drops appear.

I will clarify the science portion since I believe in science and which all can relate to.

1. " First of all, the amount of rain that falls on the earth is always the same. It is estimated that in one second, 16 million tones of water evaporates from the earth. This number is equal to the amount of water that drops on the earth in one second "

Forgot to account for snowfall and sleet and hail and ice pellets.


2. " But this is not how it works; no matter from how high they fall, average speed of rain drops is only 8-10 km/h when they reach the ground. The reason for this is the special form they take. This special form increases the friction effect of the atmosphere and prevents acceleration when the rain drops reach a certain speed "limit". "

Rain drops takes a near spherical shape due to the surface tension , a spherical shape has minimum energy involved so the tendency of a fluid to acquire a near spherical shape.

However due to effect of aerodynamics on fluids, the raindrops loses spherical shape . It takes the shape of a burger , spherical at the top and flattened at the bottom due to difference in pressure on the surfaces due to differential airflow around the same.

It becomes more hilarious when one gets to know that the size of the rain drops changes back and forth while coming down. Small raindrops while coming down collide with each other and form bigger rain drops and when their mass becomes more that what the surface tension can keep together , they breakdown again into smaller raindrops.

When a raindrop falls to the surface of the Earth, it is acted on by two main forces, gravity and aerodynamic forces.

A stationary raindrop initially experiences an acceleration due to gravity of 9.8 m/s2, as would any falling body.

As gravity increases the speed of the raindrop in its descent, aerodynamic drag retards the downward acceleration of the raindrop.

The combination of these two forces causes a raindrop to reach a terminal velocity when the drag force is approximately equal to the weight of the raindrop.

At this point, a raindrop experiences no further acceleration and therefore falls at a constant velocity.

This constant velocity varies depending on the size of the rain drops and importantly the variation of atmospheric temperature and pressure in the region of rainfall.

3. " For instance, in the atmospheric layers where it starts to rain, the temperature may fall so low as 400C degrees. Despite this, rain drops never turn into ice particles. (This would certainly mean a fatal threat for the living things on the earth). The reason is that the water in the atmosphere is pure water. As known, pure water hardly freezes even in very low temperatures. "

Well again hailstones etc forgotten.

Temperature as low as 400 C where rain formation starts
That must be definitely the Mars or Pluto or planet X , surely not earth.

Rain drop is pure water....
Is it factually correct
Sure unless one does not consider a micrometre size speck of duct or smoke as contaminants.

Raindrops r formed only when water vapour condenses on micrometer-sized particles of dust and smoke floating in the atmosphere. The dust and smoke particles grows to millimeter sized droplets, which when heavy enough, begin falling.

4. "The reason is that the water in the atmosphere is pure water. As known, pure water hardly freezes even in very low temperatures"

Not at all applicable in the given case , since atmosphere is full of minute microscopic particles.

Freezing of water is initiated by nucleation center's. Particles be it dust or smoke , impurities will provide nucleation center's for the water to freeze onto.

Conversely if rain water was pure , we would never have hailstones , sleet , ice pellets etc. But unfortunately or fortunately we have them.

Having read this I believed it was extremely informative. I appreciate you finding the time and energy to put this content together.
Devops Training in Bangalore

X

We can achieve that if we really want to

Blakjewelry:
We can achieve that if we really want to

Na wetin I just talk for mind now.

Na Nigeria league be this.