SENEGALESE MAN ARRESTED FOR ALLEGED HOMOSEXUAL ACT: THE STANDARD NEWSPAPER

Homo mean a male to male sex "disgusting Practice"


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NDpvN8wrN4Y&pp=ygUZQXJyZXN0IG9mIGdheSBpbiBTZW5lZ2FsIA%3D%3D



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9INQRj_Xkug&pp=ygUZQXJyZXN0IG9mIGdheSBpbiBTZW5lZ2FsIA%3D%3D
Demonstrators in Senegal demand tougher laws against homosexual activity "homosexual and lesbian practices are forbidden in Senegal"

Senegal are on fire🤣🤣🤣

Than you for the information you have provided. In our case, we provide writing help to students that come to us saying. Can I pay someone to take my online class.

well I'm no homosexual but homosexualism was widely recorded throughout Africa during the precolonial era

BlackAdam65:
well I'm no homosexual but homosexualism was widely recorded throughout Africa during the precolonial era

You lied, homosexualism was never widely recorded throughout Africa, some foolish foreigners outside African continent brought homosexual and lesbian practices into African continent: Africans are know to hate Unnatural Act.
Homosexualism is criminalized in Africa and will never be allowed to spread any further.

1nice:


You lied, homosexualism was never widely recorded throughout Africa, some foolish foreigners outside African continent brought homosexual and lesbian practices into African continent: Africans are know to hate Unnatural Act.
Homosexualism is criminalized in Africa and will never be allowed to spread any further.

maybe in your tribe but you can't speak for all the 2000 tribes in Africa there were no laws against homosexualism in Africa until the missionaries came and that is a fact

BlackAdam65:
maybe in your tribe but you can't speak for all the 2000 tribes in Africa there were no laws against homosexualism in Africa until the missionaries came and that is a fact

You are talking rubbish, any unnatural Act in Africa then is punished with instant death until the missionaries came and death penalty was no longer the usual punishment for unnatural acts and that is the fact.

1nice:


You are talking rubbish, any unnatural Act in Africa then is punished with instant death until the missionaries came and death penalty was no longer the usual punishment for unnatural acts and that is the fact.

IN AZANDE, BOYS BECOME WIVES
Located in North Central Africa are the Azandes.
Until the 20th century, this ethnic group was highly
respected as warriors and for their witchcraft.
Their belief in witchcraft and their Benge oracle
determined their life’s outcomes. It was such that
when a termite-infested door fell and killed eight
men, they blamed it on witchcraft.
The Azande people experienced a shortage of
women, causing the available women to be given to
the rich. Due to this, if a man had an interest in a
boy between the ages of 12 and 20, he paid a bride
price of five spears to have him. Fornication with a
bachelor (aparanga ) meant mutilation or payment of
twenty spears and a woman.English anthropologist, E.E Evans-Pritchard states
in his book Witchcraft, Oracles and Magic Among
the Azande and his essay Sexual Inversion among
the Azande that the boy would become his lover
( badiare). The lover will, in turn, perform wifely
roles of cooking, cleaning, keeping the house warm,
speaking softly, making the bed and sexually
satisfying the husband ( kumbami).
Legacy format detected for design:
TEMPLATE NOT FOUND FOR
This satisfaction came when the husband places his
penis between the “boy wife’s” thighs. This, they
believed, will prevent them from desiring another
man’s wife.
Having a boy wife does not stop a man from
getting married to a woman. This is because the
service of the boy wife is mainly needed when the
men go to wars.
Legacy format detected for design:
TEMPLATE NOT FOUND FOR
A high ranking man is allowed to have more than
one boy wife. Also, the death of a royal man means
the burial of his boy wife.
When a boy wife becomes a man, his husband
gives him spears and shields. If the husband treats
the boy wife well, his parents will thank him by
offering a girl to the husband as a wife.

1nice:


You are talking rubbish, any unnatural Act in Africa then is punished with instant death until the missionaries came and death penalty was no longer the usual punishment for unnatural acts and that is the fact.

This chapter explores the cultural varieties of same-sex
relationships that have long been constituent of traditional
African life. A recent study shows that roughly 10% of the
global population identify as homosexuals. This number
consistently and equitably cuts across all cultures of the
world despite variations in attitude towards homosexuality. If
this is true of the contemporary world, then it extends to the
ancient and by that traditional Africa. Accordingly, this
research using phenomenological and historico-descriptive
tools of enquiry together with ethnographical accounts of
anthropologists retraces homosexuality to its African roots
ranging from the practices of Hausas of West Africa,
Zanzibars of East Africa, Ovagandjeras of Central Africa to
those of the Herero, Ovambo, and Ovahimba peoples of
Southern Africa. Consequently, this research avers that
current attitude towards homosexuality in Africa is as a result
of Western hegemony and the revolutionary changes effected
by Euro-Christian and Arab-Islamic movements in their first
and earlier contact with the continent. Hence, a fair
disposition towards historical facts will deflate the current
homophobic agitation, stripping it of any moral, historical or
logical justification.

BlackAdam65:

This chapter explores the cultural varieties of same-sex
relationships that have long been constituent of traditional
African life. A recent study shows that roughly 10% of the
global population identify as homosexuals. This number
consistently and equitably cuts across all cultures of the
world despite variations in attitude towards homosexuality. If
this is true of the contemporary world, then it extends to the
ancient and by that traditional Africa. Accordingly, this
research using phenomenological and historico-descriptive
tools of enquiry together with ethnographical accounts of
anthropologists retraces homosexuality to its African roots
ranging from the practices of Hausas of West Africa,
Zanzibars of East Africa, Ovagandjeras of Central Africa to
those of the Herero, Ovambo, and Ovahimba peoples of
Southern Africa. Consequently, this research avers that
current attitude towards homosexuality in Africa is as a result
of Western hegemony and the revolutionary changes effected
by Euro-Christian and Arab-Islamic movements in their first
and earlier contact with the continent. Hence, a fair
disposition towards historical facts will deflate the current
homophobic agitation, stripping it of any moral, historical or
logical justification.

So much falsehood been spread out online and offline by fake news people just to make it look as if there was homosexual and lesbian practices before foreigners brought this unnatural acts into Africa continent: everyone is entitled to his or her opinions but the fact still remains that homosexual and lesbian practices are not part of Africa people culture.

All over Africa continent, homosexual and lesbian practices are refer to as disgusting acts and unnatural behaviour which shall not be allowed to spread further among the African people: for your information AZANDE is refer to present day Sudan.

1nice:

So much falsehood been spread out online and offline by fake news people just to make it look as if there was homosexual and lesbian practices before foreigners brought this unnatural acts into Africa continent: everyone is entitled to his or her opinions but the fact still remains that homosexual and lesbian practices are not part of Africa people culture.

All over Africa continent, homosexual and lesbian practices are refer to as disgusting acts and unnatural behaviour which shall not be allowed to spread further among the African people: for your information AZANDE is refer to present day Sudan.

but why does Botswana say other wise

1nice:

So much falsehood been spread out online and offline by fake news people just to make it look as if there was homosexual and lesbian practices before foreigners brought this unnatural acts into Africa continent: everyone is entitled to his or her opinions but the fact still remains that homosexual and lesbian practices are not part of Africa people culture.

All over Africa continent, homosexual and lesbian practices are refer to as disgusting acts and unnatural behaviour which shall not be allowed to spread further among the African people: for your information AZANDE is refer to present day Sudan.

In June, Botswana overturned colonial-era laws
which criminalised homosexuality, with the
judge, Michael Leburu, declaring that “the anti-
sodomy laws are a British import” and were
developed “without the consultation of local
peoples”.

BlackAdam65:
but why does Botswana say other wise

Botswana people are not saying other wise: Botswana people dislikes homosexual and lesbian practices; the same foreigners who introduced homosexual and lesbian practices into Africa continent are the ones who trick Botswana High court to decriminalized Anti-homosexual and lesbian practices law in Botswana 4 years ago.

Just two weeks ago Botswana people were protesting against the decriminalization of the Anti-gay law, protests was held against Botswana LGBTQ bill.

Soonest the decriminalization of Botswana Anti-gay law will be reversed and criminalized again: we concerns Nigerians are with Botswana people on this and we concerns Nigerians will not allow anyone to force homosexual and lesbian practices on the majority 98% population of Botswana people


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9K4bCjDHrsI&pp=ygUVQm90c3dhbmEgYW50aSBnYXkgbGF3
Anti-gay protests held against Botswana LGBTQ bill

1nice:


Botswana people are not saying other wise: Botswana people dislikes homosexual and lesbian practices; the same foreigners who introduced homosexual and lesbian practices into Africa continent are the ones who trick Botswana High court to decriminalized Anti-homosexual and lesbian practices law in Botswana 4 years ago.

Just two weeks ago Botswana people were protesting against the decriminalization of the Anti-gay law, protests was held against Botswana LGBTQ bill.

Soonest the decriminalization of Botswana Anti-gay law will be reversed and criminalized again: we concerns Nigerians are with Botswana people on this and we concerns Nigerians will not allow anyone to force homosexual and lesbian practices on the majority 98% population of Botswana people


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9K4bCjDHrsI&pp=ygUVQm90c3dhbmEgYW50aSBnYXkgbGF3
Anti-gay protests held against Botswana LGBTQ bill

do you have proof that they tricked the high Court

BlackAdam65:
In June, Botswana overturned colonial-era laws
which criminalised homosexuality, with the
judge, Michael Leburu, declaring that “the anti-
sodomy laws are a British import” and were
developed “without the consultation of local
peoples”.

Your information is wrong: it was not June the Botswana Anti-gay law was decriminalized but in the year 2019 which is 4 years ago and the Anti-gay law of Botswana was never colonial-era laws but Botswana people law ( Botswana local people were the ones who made their lawmakers to make sure Anti-gay law in 1965 to stop gays and lesbians from constituting nuisance to the public of Botswana).

Botswana people dislikes homosexual and lesbian practices; the same foreigners who introduced homosexual and lesbian practices into Africa continent are the ones who trick Botswana High court to decriminalized Anti-homosexual and lesbian practices law in Botswana 4 years ago.

All over Africa continent, homosexual and lesbian practices are refer to as disgusting acts and unnatural behaviour which shall not be allowed to spread further among the African people.


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WxrFn5md4ik&pp=ygUVQm90c3dhbmEgYW50aSBnYXkgbGF3


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQ8iZc1j8IM&pp=ygUVQm90c3dhbmEgYW50aSBnYXkgbGF3

BlackAdam65:
do you have proof that they tricked the high Court

You are asking silly question: go and do the research yourself and find out the truth yourself.

1nice:


Your information is wrong: it was not June the Botswana Anti-gay law was decriminalized but in the year 2019 which is 4 years ago and the Anti-gay law of Botswana was never colonial-era laws but Botswana people law ( Botswana local people were the ones who made their lawmakers to make sure Anti-gay law in 1965 to stop gays and lesbians from constituting nuisance to the public of Botswana).

Botswana people dislikes homosexual and lesbian practices; the same foreigners who introduced homosexual and lesbian practices into Africa continent are the ones who trick Botswana High court to decriminalized Anti-homosexual and lesbian practices law in Botswana 4 years ago.

All over Africa continent, homosexual and lesbian practices are refer to as disgusting acts and unnatural behaviour which shall not be allowed to spread further among the African people.


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WxrFn5md4ik&pp=ygUVQm90c3dhbmEgYW50aSBnYXkgbGF3


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQ8iZc1j8IM&pp=ygUVQm90c3dhbmEgYW50aSBnYXkgbGF3

The high court in Botswana struck down two
colonial-era laws Tuesday, effectively legalizing gay sex
and making this southern African country the first on the
continent to erase that colonial legacy through its courts.Reading the unanimous ruling of a panel of judges in front
of a packed courtroom, Justice Michael Leburu said that
sexual orientation “is not a fashion statement” and that
the laws as they stood violated citizens’ rights to privacy
and freedom from discrimination. Although seldom
enforced in Botswana, the laws carried the possibility
of up to a seven-year jail sentence.
“It is not the business of the law to regulate the private
behavior of two consenting adults,” Leburu said.
The case against the laws was brought by an anonymous
gay man, identified only by the initials L.M.
“We are not looking for people to agree with
homosexuality but to be tolerant,” he wrote in his
deposition.
Gay sex is criminalized in more than half of Africa’s
countries, many of which inherited penal codes from
colonial powers such as Britain. The subject is widely seen
as taboo, and discrimination and harassment are rife.
Last month, a Kenyan high court heard a similar case but
dismissed it. Other countries such as Mozambique and
Seychelles have simply erased mention of gay sex from
their penal codes during the rewriting process that has
accompanied constitutional reform. Botswana’s powerful
neighbor, South Africa, is the only African country to
have rights based on sexual orientation explicitly written
into its constitution.
Courts in other former British colonies outside Africa have
made decisions similar to that of Botswana. Leburu cited
India’s ruling in 2018 as one precedent on which his own
decision was built.

1nice:

You are asking silly question: go and do the research yourself and find out the truth yourself.

this simply tell you homophobia is a complete foreign import and most parts of Africa never had laws against homosexualism

BlackAdam65:
this simply tell you homophobia is a complete foreign import and most parts of Africa never had laws against homosexualism

You have mental sickness, that is the reason you are talking rubbish here; your mental sicknesses is disturbing your thinking faculty.

Your talking without thinking is a foreign import and that is why you can not think normal anymore.

Most parts of Africa did not have laws against homosexuality before, then when people began to display unnatural practices of homosexualism and lesbianism publicly: African Nations began making Anti-gay and lesbian laws to stop the nuisance been done by gays and lesbians; Nigeria and Ghana are examples ( Nigeria Anti-gay and lesbian law was passed In the year 2014 while Ghana Anti-gay law was passed recently this year 2023).

1nice:


You have mental sickness, that is the reason you are talking rubbish here; your mental sicknesses is disturbing your thinking faculty.

Your talking without thinking is a foreign import and that is why you can not think normal anymore.

Most parts of Africa did not have laws against homosexuality before, then when people began to display unnatural practices of homosexualism and lesbianism publicly: African Nations began making Anti-gay and lesbian laws to stop the nuisance been done by gays and lesbians; Nigeria and Ghana are examples ( Nigeria Anti-gay and lesbian law was passed In the year 2014 while Ghana Anti-gay law was passed recently this year 2023).

foreign religions such as Christianity and Islam are the source of homophobia in Africa in the precolonial era homosexuals were not set ablaze go do your research and find out for yourself

BlackAdam65:
The high court in Botswana struck down two
colonial-era laws Tuesday, effectively legalizing gay sex
and making this southern African country the first on the
continent to erase that colonial legacy through its courts.Reading the unanimous ruling of a panel of judges in front
of a packed courtroom, Justice Michael Leburu said that
sexual orientation “is not a fashion statement” and that
the laws as they stood violated citizens’ rights to privacy
and freedom from discrimination. Although seldom
enforced in Botswana, the laws carried the possibility
of up to a seven-year jail sentence.
“It is not the business of the law to regulate the private
behavior of two consenting adults,” Leburu said.
The case against the laws was brought by an anonymous
gay man, identified only by the initials L.M.
“We are not looking for people to agree with
homosexuality but to be tolerant,” he wrote in his
deposition.
Gay sex is criminalized in more than half of Africa’s
countries, many of which inherited penal codes from
colonial powers such as Britain. The subject is widely seen
as taboo, and discrimination and harassment are rife.
Last month, a Kenyan high court heard a similar case but
dismissed it. Other countries such as Mozambique and
Seychelles have simply erased mention of gay sex from
their penal codes during the rewriting process that has
accompanied constitutional reform. Botswana’s powerful
neighbor, South Africa, is the only African country to
have rights based on sexual orientation explicitly written
into its constitution.
Courts in other former British colonies outside Africa have
made decisions similar to that of Botswana. Leburu cited
India’s ruling in 2018 as one precedent on which his own
decision was built.

Your argument is baseless and falsely.

BlackAdam65:
foreign religions such as Christianity and Islam are the source of homophobia in Africa in the precolonial era homosexuals were not set ablaze go do your research and find out for yourself

Go and do your research and find out for yourself.

1nice:
Go and do your research and find out for yourself.

why did you think I came to that conclusion in the first place

1nice:

Your argument is baseless and falsely.

I'm trying to show you that Botswana had no laws against homosexualism until the colonialist came and you claimed that Africa never had laws against homosexualism because it never existed in Africa .if homosexualism never existed in Africa then why did the colonialist made anti sodomy laws in Botswana during the colonial era?

[sup][/sup]

1nice:

Go and do your research and find out for yourself.

Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Kh...
Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum here is another proof from ancient egypt

BlackAdam65:
I'm trying to show you that Botswana had no laws against homosexualism until the colonialist came and you claimed that Africa never had laws against homosexualism because it never existed in Africa .if homosexualism never existed in Africa then why did the colonialist made anti sodomy laws in Botswana during the colonial era?

You are confusing yourself and deceiving yourself and people like you.

I never claimed that Africa never had laws against homosexualism because it never existed in Africa: I said before Anti-gay laws were made in Africa countries, that gay and lesbian were constituting nuisance to the African public which leads African people to demand for Anti-gay and lesbian laws in order to stop the further spread of unnatural practices of homosexualism and lesbianism in Africa countries; homosexualism and lesbianism is criminalized in almost all African countries by laws that forbids the practices of homosexual and lesbianism.

Your wailing is getting hold of you!

BlackAdam65:
why did you think I came to that conclusion in the first place

Your conclusion is nonsense!!

Before Christianity and Islam came to Africa, there were laws used by African leaders and people to punish anyone who practices unnatural acts like homosexual and lesbianism in Africa: anyone caught doing unnatural acts is banished from the community because they have defile the land of the community; they are ask to leave the community and never return back because they have offended the gods of their land.

Even around the world, before the introduction of Christianity, Jews stone anyone who commit the unnatural act of homosexual and lesbian as punishment.

Before the introduction of Islam, anyone caught doing unnatural acts in most Arab nations is lynch immediately.

Most Anti-gay laws around the world have death penalty for law breakers and are you going to say that Anti-gay laws are homophobia: countries laws are made for the betterment of their citizens; anyone who can not obey the laws of the country he or she should leave the country for their good (breaking the laws of a country means committing criminal acts which is punishable by fine, imprisonment, death or other punishments)

BlackAdam65:
[sup][/sup] Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Kh...
Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum here is another proof from ancient egypt

All the fake news and false information you are getting from your inaccurate research is making you to have emotional outburst and making you to wail more than your ancestors and who knows one of your ancestors may be gay or lesbian, no wonder you are indirectly defending the existence of gay and lesbian practices before colonial era.

Just cannot figure why a man will want to dip his blablablu into another man's bulaba.
Does it not smell? How is it a turn on to see garri, cassava, ewa, moi moi, beans and dodooo in the form of hot shit on your blablablu? Haba!

1nice:

Your conclusion is nonsense!!

Before Christianity and Islam came to Africa, there were laws used by African leaders and people to punish anyone who practices unnatural acts like homosexual and lesbianism in Africa: anyone caught doing unnatural acts is banished from the community because they have defile the land of the community; they are ask to leave the community and never return back because they have offended the gods of their land.

Even around the world, before the introduction of Christianity, Jews stone anyone who commit the unnatural act of homosexual and lesbian as punishment.

Before the introduction of Islam, anyone caught doing unnatural acts in most Arab nations is lynch immediately.

Most Anti-gay laws around the world have death penalty for law breakers and are you going to say that Anti-gay laws are homophobia: countries laws are made for the betterment of their citizens; anyone who can not obey the laws of the country he or she should leave the country for their good (breaking the laws of a country means committing criminal acts which is punishable by fine, imprisonment, death or other punishments)

can you show me proof that those laws exist during the pre colonial era

1nice:

All the fake news and false information you are getting from your inaccurate research is making you to have emotional outburst and making you to wail more than your ancestors and who knows one of your ancestors may be gay or lesbian, no wonder you are indirectly defending the existence of gay and lesbian practices before colonial era.

show me one African tribe that had written laws against homosexualism

1nice:

All the fake news and false information you are getting from your inaccurate research is making you to have emotional outburst and making you to wail more than your ancestors and who knows one of your ancestors may be gay or lesbian, no wonder you are indirectly defending the existence of gay and lesbian practices before colonial era.

Recently at a public forum, someone asked me if “same-sex relations in Africa [are] un-African?” While answering the question, another interjected, “all these foreign White man’s practices [are] forced on us,” evidently alluding to the fact that same-sex relations is inherently a “western import,” foisted on Africans by European colonizers. 

Indeed, few issues are as difficult to grapple with as the fact that precolonial Africa practiced same sex relations with the practice itself being hotly contested in Africa for centuries. In nearly all African countries today, same-sex relations are considered a taboo. Many allege that European colonizers brought with them the “ungodly gift of homosexuality,” despite the range of available historical evidence to the contrary. Even some historians and Africanist scholars have either denied or ignored African same-sex patterns while others have claimed that such patterns were outright colonial importations. This piece argues to the contrary and contends that homophobia was a colonial imposition.

The myth that same-sex relations were absent in precolonial Africa is one of the most enduring. Digging through history and drawing from African-derived examples, it becomes clear that traditional Africa was tolerant of different sexualities, orientations and gender relations. Thus, it is disservice to history to say that same-sex relations in Africa was introduced by Europeans.

In my review of Nwando Achebe’s Female Monarchs and Merchant Queens in Africa, I highlighted the African phenomenon of “gendered males” and “gendered females” which refers to the way that the interconnected universe allows males to transform themselves into females and females to transform themselves into males. As Achebe argued, “these transformations are encouraged by a milieu that recognizes that . . . sex and gender do not coincide; that gender is a social construct and is flexible and fluid, allowing . . . women to become gendered men, and . . . men, gendered women.” 

So, to understand same-sex relations in traditional Africa, one must understand African cosmology. There is a close relationship between spirituality and sexuality in African cosmology as well as with the different types of spiritual power associated with each sex. This worldview not only gave rise to male and female gendered spiritual forces but also allowed for the practice of same-sex relations. 
Several instances in oral histories, critical texts, folklore, and ethnographic reports confirm that traditional Africa recognized same-sex relations. Thousands of years ago, evidence from rock paintings show the prevalence of anal sex between San men in present-day Zimbabwe. In Tommy Boys, Lesbian Men, the authors identified several same sex practices in ancient and contemporary Africa while in Egypt, as far back as 2400 BCE, excavated bodies of two men, Niankhkhnum and Khnumhotep, showed them apparently cuddled to each other as lovers. Also, in some traditional African societies, certain magic rituals and rites of passage from boyhood to adulthood often involved same-sex activities.

In precolonial northern Congo, Azande warrior-men routinely married boys who operated as temporary wives. According to Boy Wives and Female Husbands, the practice was institutionalized to the extent that the warriors paid bride price to the parents of the boys. When these boys became warrior-men, they too married “boy-wives.”

The Portuguese, among the first Europeans to explore the African continent, noted in their ethnographic reports a range of male-to-male sexual relations among the Congo people which they referred to as “unnatural damnation.” Writing about the Imbangala people present-day Angola, Andrew Battell confirmed there were “men in women’s apparel, with whom they kept amongst their wives” while Jean Baptiste Labat reported about a caste of cross-dressing male diviners known as chibados whose leader “dresses ordinarily as a woman and makes an honor of being called Grandmother.”

Additionally, female husbandry demonstrates the fluidity of gender relations and queerness in traditional Africa. For example, Queen Njinga Mbanda, ruler of the Mbundu people in present-day Angola, who rose to power in 1624 and strongly resisted Portuguese dominion, assumed multiple sexual and gender roles and/or identities. She often dressed as a man, married “female wives” and had a harem of men whom she had to dress as women. As a “female-husband,” she undoubtedly transgressed gender binaries and even answered to the title of “King” during battles.

In ancient Buganda (present-day Uganda), King Mwanga II, who strongly opposed colonialism and Christianity, was an openly gay monarch. The practice of same-sex relations was rife among the Siwa people of Egypt, Benin people of Nigeria, Nzima people of Ghana, San people of Zibmabwe and Pangwe people of present-day Gabon and Cameroon.

Another noteworthy point is that some precolonial African societies did not have a binary of genders. Among the Igbo and Yoruba of Nigeria, gender was not assigned to babies at birth until later life. Paulla Ebron writes that ‘[i]n many places in West Africa, gender is not something that newborns are fully equipped with. The making of women and men is formally performed through age-grade systems that usher children into women and men.” 

Findings on gender relations in precolonial Igbo culture demonstrate that gender and sex did not coincide. Instead, gender was flexible and fluid, allowing women to become men and vice versa. It was a culture in which gender was re-constructed and performed according to social need. In contemporary Igboland, female-husband practices are still allowed with the understanding that the “wives” in the relationship will render any male children they bear to the female-husband in order to provide a male heir.

Regarding gender and spirituality, African metaphors for God do not necessarily reflect the ways in which theologians and religious historians of Africa write about God. African names for God are gender-neutral or genderless and in some societies, the Creator God is female. In ancient African societies, many deities were portrayed as having both male and female characteristics and being neither distinguishably masculine nor feminine. More so, goddesses such as Mut (the goddess of Mother[hood]) and Sekmeht (goddess of war) in ancient Egypt were often depicted as women with erect joysticks.
Additionally, the fact that these relations were sometimes identified with specific terms and lingo in precolonial times demonstrate their prevalence. Among the Hausa of Nigeria, yan dauda is a term used to describe effeminate men and male wives. Among the Khoikhoi of South Africa, koetsire is a term used to refer to men who are sexually receptive to other men. Among the Yoruba, adofuro is an euphemism used to describe someone or an intersex person who has anal sex. Although these terms are used derogatorily today, they are not new, rather, they are as old as the cultures where they are used.

One reason lies with the religious repercussions of colonization and the popularity of fundamental Christianity which have been used to argue that same-sex relations are un-African. Missionary activity, evangelization and subsequent colonial conquest led to the criminalization and demonization of same-sex relations in Africa. Using the Bible and Christianity as the credo of African morality, Western heteronormativity displaced notions of traditional African sexual fluidity. British archival reports show how European Penal Codes, enacted in colonial Africa, criminalized gay relations. For instance, the 1860 Indian Penal Code of 1860 and the 1899 Queensland Criminal Code forbade same sex practices in African colonies. Hence, same-sex relations, though commonly practiced, and maybe even accepted, throughout traditional Africa, were seen in bad taste, and seldom publicly recognized in colonial Africa.

Such a rigid perception of human sexuality is problematic. Claude Summers argued that because “human sexuality, human behaviour and emotions, are fluid and various rather than static or exclusive . . . the terms homosexual and heterosexual should more properly be used as adjectives rather than nouns, referring to acts and emotions but not to people.” Unquestionably, homophobia was deeply rooted both in European racial perception of the “Other” and colonial rule. Observations of same-sex relations in many African cultures were considered by European colonizers as further proof of African inferiority. Unquestionably, early African scholarship was also influenced by experiences of colonial rule while contemporary America’s conservative evangelicals have also wielded an uncanny influence on Africa’s sexual politics.These examples, and many others not mentioned, confirm the historicity and visibility of same-sex relations in precolonial Africa. Same-sex relations in Africa are not un-African. While the practice may not have been accepted in all cultures at all times, it certainly predated the European colonial conquest of Africa. If anything, Europeans brought homophobia to Africa; they were intolerant of same-sex relations and established systems of surveillance and regulation for expressing it. In the end, the main challenge is for academics, civil society, media and activists to reckon with history and [re]tell it in a way that recognizes the multiple facets of gender and human sexuality in both traditional and contemporary Africa and the Black world. At the same time, this is a clarion call for a change of attitude, inclusivity, mutual respect, and tolerance for all regardless of their sexualities.
Did Europe Bring Homophobia to Africa? | AAIHS
www.aaihs.org › Africa
https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.aaihs.org/did-europe-bring-homophobia-to-africa/&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwj6mZXCldSAAxU0SkEAHZZrAlMQFnoECAUQAg&usg=AOvVaw0lljeKpVXHhLPpjK-Wntrr