₦airaland Forum

Sniper12:
stop creating shitty threads. English is widely used in ethiopia for official business. the country with the highest english speakers is china

Its obvious you haven't been to China.
How am I even sure you have an international passport

johnson232:
House i need your advise on this...
I want to buy a land for my mom & it is urgent sale, so she won't be around physically to sign, i want to know if signing on her behalf have any implication or disadvantages. Thanks.

Yes you can sign but you need to state ur signing on behalf of someone else. It's not mandatory to type as it can be hand written.
Alternatively you make counterpart copies that can br signed separately

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3-MUhtZCTrg

The non-chalant attitude of his orderly is classical in the video during a press breifing while the dressing of his armed escort is highly examplary

[quote author=obafemee80 post=58671735][/quote]1)Using the Wrong Engine Oil
Be careful when using additives that increases oil thickness and viscosity.

2)Letting Your Fuel Tank Run Low
Be careful when you change your car fuel pump as the fuel guage might need calibration. You can run out of fuel when the guage is saying your tank is 1/4 full.
.

3)Ignoring the Check Engine light
Be careful when buying used cars. Some people remove the check engine light bulbs thereby disabling any engine notification so as not to scare buyers. Same reason they force down car mileage/odometer.


7)Not Slowing Down for Speed Bumps or Avoiding Pot Holes
Be careful when security is a concern especially at night. Slowing down might make you appear as a soft target.

8 )Using the Wrong Cleaning Products
Be careful not to use Omo, Arial et all for washing ur car as it fades the autobase paint. Same with using abrasive, non cotton rags to clean.

EgunMogaji:
That one is not my house but similar design. My apartment garage is attached.

Me: Chief, please notice that in my entire site, you will not find any round shape, everything is square

Artisan: Yes, I noticed that.

Me: Okay so don't throw in any design that has circles, round, etc everything should be square, straight lines

Artisan: No problem Sir. I did one for one Chief like this in Abuja.

Me: Okay, good, carry on.

Me: (returning days later) Chief, I thought we agreed that only straight lines and squares.

Artisan: This is not a circle Sir, it's oblong

Me: fainting on the floor.

No kill me with laughter.

On a serious note an unsupervised artisan can put one in trouble.
My plumber took out 3 load bearing columns with a hammar simply cause he wanted to bury waste water pipes. I had to recertify the building structurally fit all over again.

EgunMogaji:
I personally abhor these designs that creates ledges where dust can gather. It also creates a residential area for mosquitos and other incorrigible elements.

But we each have our tastes. Less is more.

This is about as far as I could go and even this was a bit much for me.

Same for me. But unfortunately my spouse loves complex designs.

I love your choice but they could have used a square shape rather than the circular shape in the centre

twinskenny:
Guess who did this?

Somewhere in ibadan

Pardon me but I don't see anything special or complicated about the design.
It's just uncommon

GoodFaith:
What is Mistake?
Four Flats

Roofing cost N1.9 million --
wood ----------------------------N 500,000

nails-----------------------------N 15,000
Roof belt--------------------------N 2000
I have nails left before (two)half bags
Metcoppo tiles----.55-----------N1,184,000
Carpenter-wood--work 12feet-----N 120,000

Metcoppo tile labor------------N 88,000
transport, materials

Other stuff---------------------N 50,000
Total cost N1,950,000
--------------------------------------------------------

He only asked you about the electrical bill of materials

segzy14:
What are the quantities of cables quoted for?

money121:
Quotation for Shingles Design (Black with white patches)

Client: Nairalander

Site Location: Ajao Estate Lagos State

Roofing 431sqm*3,000=1,293,000



ridges caps 70m*1600=112,000
valley gutter 18m*1500=27,000
Bash board 10m*1600=16,000
Nails 5pkt(25kg)*7000=35,000
Sealant 4sets *4,000=16,000
Installation 431*200=86,200
Transportation,Loading and offloading=#25,000

Grand Total=1,610,200


Call/WhatsApp 08085310359 For your Next Roofing Project

Na mistake?
?

allCopacetic:
Lol, but you weren't seeking an opinion , I simply stated my observation on the uncommon choice of sizes prior to supply.
And since you sounded like you knew exactly what you wanted, its natural to assume all the necessary considerations factored

No worries. Just to clarify that the "I told you so" part only applies to the cost and not the constraint.
Cheers.

allCopacetic:
I hate to say I told you so, but...I told u so

GoodFaith:
Agreed with your comment
I have no intent to be rude but go read all his comment
he just didn't want to hear any view different from his view
he was right out disrespectful
upset

A lot of us have our issues.
Lets just let this one pass for the greater good.

@GoodFaith
It's rude to type in all caps.
It's like shouting and screaming at the top of your voice.

EgunMogaji:
Once he finishes it I will share it. It's such an important thing to have.

I eagerly await.
If I may ask, is it that Brabus design?

EgunMogaji:
True Sir but one of my burglary bar is designed to be openable here in Nigeria.

Would you be so kind as to share pictures, and possibly, the details of the fabricator

oyb:
that is risk management. it also depends on your clients pockets

So you know the guy

Sometimes, I think engineers like you don't take out time to explain well enough to the clients.

Given, there are clients who don't care probably cause they cannot afford the extras and stressing it might mean you loose the bid.

But I happen to know a lot of clients who do care but just that they were never told how important such redundancies were. And when they do find out, they try to modify but then it becomes more expensive to implement.

oyb:
worst case scenarios introduce a lot of additional and unnecessary costs

the typical fallout of worst case scenario calculations is over sizing of generators

believe me it is very ugly when you have done agressive worst case scenario and proposed a generator of 100kva, and the total load at any time comes to 60kva


also, when doing calculations, you must understand your client.

a domestic residence is unlikely to be scaled upwards
however commercial or industrial facilities have a high potential for future expansion. if you are designing for a high rise, or a factory, you can throw in 25 to 50% additional on mains cables [ with your caveats in place]

Unfortunately I prefer to have something I might never ever need (waste) than to one day need it and not have it.

Other than that, I think all is well.

jabolo:
Good constructive thinking but ...

Your last paragraph (reproduced above) is a very unlikely scenario but let's humor you.

I refer you to the penultimate paragraph (also reproduced). The immediate supply wire to the pump is likely to be thermally overwhelmed first in a situation where starting current is permanently drawn, given it's lower gauge than the main DB cable. When that happens, you would likely have triggered an earth fault trip anyway. I hope you have an RCD somewhere.

In Nigeria, RCD or ELCB is an unusual electrical luxury for a rented apartment and mine was no exception.
Twinskenny and co can confirm this.

earthrealm:
could you explain whats wrong with your approach in this scenario?.
i though a good lightening protector would absorb all the energy from the lightening strike and safely transmit it to ground...that linking your normal earthing to the lightening protector could expose your appliances to harmful volatges if per chance a stike happens to hit ur arrestor

Its the other way round.

If the ground has enough conductivity, it will quickly absorb all the high voltage, but if not (as is normally the case), then hv will want to also use ur earthing system to ground itself, but because the path of least electrical resistance to ur earthing system is through ur household electrical equipments, it will arc back to the nearest wire to pass through them to get to ground via the earthing

However if your earthing system has a direct underground link to the lightening system, that becomes the path of least resistance and the high voltage flows underground to the earthing system and equally grounded to earth there. So in essence, both the lightening rods piled to the ground, and the house earthing system equally share the job of safely transmitting the lightening strike to ground.

At that microsecond, all the electrical equipment earthed in the house receive that hv on their earthing / chassis but there is no danger as there is no current flow. And if someone was to touch that equipment at that time, nothing would happen because there will always be least resistance at the earthing system than through the person's feet.

No lightening protection is better than an incomplete lightening protection.

oyb:
I think you mean fm200, which is aimed mostly at it infrastructure. Typically your fire suppression solutions aim to kill fire without destroying the items being protected. Fire extinguishing solutions aim for a killing the fire and anything else

Water mist is different from fm200.
FM200 is being phased out due to longterm health issues. In fact it has a deadline date.

The mist suppression is very high pressure water system that passes the water through tiny holes to produce very tiny droplets to fall down essentially as a mist rather than as a sprinkler/shower

oyb:
30amps will not heat up a wire rated for 27amps, a high starting current will not lead to a wire immediately catching fire.

The starting current is not significant.
You dont need to conduct periodic checks of run of the mill circuit breakers.

The implications of the long circuit is voltage drop.


Unless it's an old fridge, most fridges today operate in 100w to 200 w range. It is your water coolers that operate at 400 to 500 w, probably because they also warm water.

From your account, this issue happened immediately

Even in normal conditions, when a cable is overloaded it first gets warm. To get to catching fire conditions, it has to be consistently subjected to the high current. As the cable is in a pvc conduit in a wall or screed floor, I have to wonder what it even came in contact with.

I had an experience where a 70mm cable was substituted for a 95mm application. The cable got warm, but there was no fire. We simply replaced it


Sometimes you pull cables out of conduits and see the signs of charring of the insulation due to overheating.


It's actually an interesting scenario, and there is probably more than one factor involved.

Even with respect to the pump 2hp is an assumption.

It may be 1hp or 1.5.

Possible issues.
Partial contact like you said.
Cheap /fake socket outlets or plugs
Undersized or substandard cable
Those cheape 'British standard' extensions sold everywhere
Flammable material in the vicinity, Eg carpet ing

Theres a lot of talk about gypsum boards. These are fire resistant and can thus limit spread of fire. You however must also consider wall to wall carpeting which is another way fires can spread. Some people turn electrical rooms to stores

It was a double side by side door fridge with auto defrost and one innovative green ion tech (something lg said preserved food better). So its definitely greater than 200w although I never bothered to check.

The pump was 2hp rated at slightly less than 11amps. And that's normal for submersible pumps am familiar with.

The house was surface wired and covered with the fancy white surface conduit plastic.

I cannot rule out substandard products. But I can tell you it wasn't immediate. It happened while he was still pumping but not immediately.

You seem to have a habbit of estimating based on optimistic assumptions. I was trained the otherway, to use worst case scenarios and sometimes double jeopardy (simultaneously occurrence of independent unrelated events or scenarios) in mind so as not to overlook a credible failure scenario (Layers Of Protection analysis).

kopell:
Wow the more you think you learn the more revelation been expose every day. Very big lesson learn here today, I love ❤️ this platform.

I wanted to let this go but I think it best to clarify some things.

1st off, circuit breakers unlike surge arrestors and ELCBs et al do not have provision for periodic function tests, hence user might not be able to predetermine functionality status. Remember they are not SIL3 rated

For a 2hp submersible pump, it should be 1492 watts
Divide by 220v gives 6.78amps

As a standard induction motor, it uses between 3-5times rated current as the starting/ surge current. Assuming we take avg of 4x, starting amps will be 27.12amps or 5968watts.

At the time the fridge was running on the same line. Let me assume the fridge is just 600watts (600w/220v) which gives 2.73amps
So total 29.85 amps gives 6567watts.

This is the actual watts / current delivered to the already running fridge and the starting pump and not the volt-amps or apparent power which is always greater.

For the volt-amps when you add the length of wire from the distribution board to the socket outlet to the borehole wellhead and then vertically down to the wellbore where pump is located, due to wire resistance plus ac peak frequency, will be greater but we will ignore this for simplicity.

If I remember correctly, the max current 2.5 sq.mm can handle is 27amps, so providing the breaker failed to tripped on time at 25amps, 30amps can heat up the wire and if due to partial contact on the socket the pump stops and starts again...

Duplicate post

EgunMogaji:
My three year old cannot operate the extinguisher but she knows what it is and where it is. We do trimonthly security check in my household. And we actually activate one of the extinguisher.

I must commend such a proactive safety approach.

Just the type of neighbours one would pray to have in an emergency.

erico2k2:
Correct, me Im trying to steer to containment if fire brakes out.In the real world when fire brakes out you are meant to take off lol.
Sprinklers are for commercial Buildings or complex.

A sprinkler might not be very effective in the kitchen for 2 reasons:

First, there are usually too many flammable materials in the kitchen eg plastics, flour, oils, the kitchen cabinets itself, etc which might easily escalate the fire before detection occurs

secondly, cooking oil fires burn at an elevated temperature that atomizes any water that comes into contact with it into oxygen and hydrogen which in turn feeds the fire. So a sprinkler system that is activated in the event of cooking oil fire will destroy the kitchen

Personally I think decking the kitchen and installing iron/ fireproof doors and windows is the best to contain any uncontrolled fire in the kitchen. Then it would be a burn down philosophy with the passive fire protection stopping any further spread,

Fire extinguisher would require annual training / refresher for residents. The training not only teaches how to fight small fires, but most importantly, gives the confidence to do so as well as what to do when the fire cannot be contained. Otherwise people have a natural tendency to panic in an emergency and that poses a greater risk

44chux:
I think if funds are not a major concern, then your safer with TROJAN IND batteries

TROJAN industrial-line flooded deep-cycle batteries go for 15years without stress as compared to regular sealed batteries that go for about 2years, and the flooded ones less than four years

bigrovar:
There are Mercury Tubular Batteries. Although the particular model I have is nolonger imported, Luminous sell similar batteries. It is a flooded acid battery which means it needs to be topped up periodically from time to time with distilled water.

I think if funds are not a major concern, then your safer with TROJAN IND batteries

erico2k2:
We learn daily, Im a mechanical Engineer by profession but I got no clue when it comes to electrics ina building I B novice OO as we call it back in the days in ESUT, Im going to devote a set time to get familiar to these stuff as my current build is the only one I have supervised from setting out to its currents stage,I try small I hail myself..The safety of a house is so important that one can not be complaisant have resolved in decking all ceiling in all kitchens in any house that will be built under my name hence forth, even at my Dad's I had to enforce this same thing.
Kitchen is where fires are deliberately lit.Also all cooking gas cylinders outside and piped fru wall to kitchen.I have seen the effect of not doing this 1st hand in a compound directly opposite my current house we live in @PH.

We learn everyday. I encourage you to continually take fire and general safety seriously.

"It's unwise to pay too much, but it is worse to pay too little. When you pay too much, you loose a little - that is all. When you pay too little, you sometimes loose everything because the thing you bought is incapable of doing the thing it was bought to do. The common law of business balance prohibits paying a little and getting a lot - it can't be done!

If you deal with the lowest bidder, it is well to add something for the risk you run. And if you do that, you will have enough to pay for something better."

~ John Ruskin (English Critics and Writer)

.

erico2k2:
Let me come and B going

Na the matter.
A friend almost burnt a rented apartment when he plugged the water tank pumping machine into a 13amps socket inside the palour when the outside dedicated 15amps socket outlet got damaged (The wire melted and caught fire b4 the breaker tripped.) I had to rewire and repaint most of the house.

When you have 3rd parties and even 4th parties using ur equipment, rules and restrictions become difficult to enforce.

I have a home workshop and home studio.

oyb:
with energy saver bulbs you can probably run all your lights in a house on a single circuit [not recommended, but doable]
a 10a circuit can carry 2200w [cable is rated for 22a] your genuine energy saver bulbs typically come in 8w, 14w,22w sizes/w is ok for homes

I was concerned with the worst case scenario like when using a pro audio amp, tradmill, mobile air compressor, massage chair, electric heaters, electric iron, fast battery charger etc and not best case scenario

oyb:
dude no vex, they gba you big time

basic rule of thumb
1.5mmsq for lighting cct [10amps]
2.5mmsq for ring cct [30 amps breaker]
4mmsq for ac [20 amps breaker]


your 35mmsq cable is 90kva/125a range

when i am designing for commercial facilities i tend to oversize because there is often the possibility of expansion over the years, in which case the existing infrastructure can no longer carry the load. for domestic facilities however, no change is expected , and so i leave within design parameters

My Brother na the matter oohh. We are still saying the same thing, that I was only presented with a "basic rule of thumb" and not the actual load calc sheet.

Which ever way, I would still do them differently next time.

Thanks for response.